DK156745B

DK156745B - Hydraulic rotation actuator

Info

Publication number: DK156745B
Application number: DK170285A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Joergen Soendergaard
Original assignee: Nordisk Marine Hydraulik Danma
Priority date: 1985-04-16
Filing date: 1985-04-16
Publication date: 1989-09-25
Also published as: DK156745C; DK170285A; DK170285D0; JPS61241504A

Abstract

The actuator includes an actuation piston (9) in a housing (4), which via a toothed bar (10) engages with an exterior tooth system on a cross-mounted actuator spindle (12). The actuator piston's (9) advance and with it the actuator spindle's (12) rotation is controlled with the help of a hydraulic control pressure led to a working space (6), while the actuator piston's (9) return takes place with the help of a gas pressure spring, which is compressed at the same rate as the advance of the actuator piston.In one version the actuator piston (9) is hollow and embodies the compression chamber (16) with an enclosed pressurized gas volume and the further compression necessary for the return of the actuator piston (9) is brought about with the help of a reaction piston (14) positioned at the end of the actuator piston's (9) end turned facing the opposite working space (6), which during the advance of the actuator piston in shifted into the compression chamber (16) herein. The reaction piston has a shoulder (18) which in the reaction piston's (14) mounted condition prohibits this from being shifted completely out of the actuator piston (9).In such a way an especially compact actuator is produced, which furthermore is easy to service, in that elimination of any irregularities concerning the compression chamber can take place during removal of the whole actuator.<IMAGE>

Description

DK 156745 BDK 156745 B

Opfindelsen vedr0rer en hydraulisk drejeaktuator af den art, der omfatter et hus, et i husets ene ende udformet cylindrisk arbejdsrura med raindst en tilgang for et hydraulisk trykmedium, et i huset lejret forskydeligt 5 aktiveringsstempel med en tandstang samt en tværgâende aktuatorspindel med en udvendig fortanding i indgreb med aktiveringsstemplets tandstang.The invention relates to a hydraulic rotary actuator of the type comprising a housing, a cylindrical working rudder formed at one end of the housing with at least one hydraulic pressure medium approach, a displaceable actuated piston with a rack and a transverse actuator spindle with an external tooth in the housing. engagement with actuator plunger.

Sadanne aktuatorer finder udstrakt anvendelse til styring af ventiler, eksempelvis kugleventiler og virker 10 normalt pâ den mâde, at den trykmediumstyrede forskyd-ning af aktiveringsstemplet - via aktuatorspindelen -âbner ventilen, medens ventilens lukning sker ved hjælp af en tilh0rende returfjeder, nâr aktiveringsstemplet aflastes for styretrykket. I kraft af tilstedeværelsen 15 af denne kendte returf jeder - der enten kan være rent mekanisk eller hâve form af en pâbygget hydraulisk tryk-akkumulator - kræves der kun ét hydraulikr0r til aktua-toren, hvilket r0r sâ til gengæld tjener bâde som til-og afgang for trykmediet og dermed muligg0r en vis for-20 enkling i sammenligning med dobbeltvirkende aktuatorer med et arbejdsrum pâ begge sider af aktiveringsstemplet.Such actuators are widely used to control valves, such as ball valves, and normally act in such a way that the pressure-medium controlled displacement of the actuating piston - via the actuator spindle - opens the valve, while the valve closure is effected by an associated return spring when the actuating piston is relieved for control pressure. Due to the presence of this known return spring - which can either be purely mechanical or in the form of a built-in hydraulic pressure accumulator - only one hydraulic pipe is required for the actuator, which in turn serves both as an inlet and outlet. for the pressure medium and thus allows some simplification in comparison with double-acting actuators with a working space on both sides of the actuator piston.

, Med opfindelsen anvises en aktuator, der adskil- ler sig fra de kendte ved, at der mellem en bort fra ar-bejdsrummet vendende flade af aktiveringsstemplet og en 25 endeflade i huset er afgrænset et kompressionskammer med et gasvolumen under tryk.The invention discloses an actuator which differs from the known in that a compression chamber having a gas volume under pressure is defined between a surface of the actuator facing away from the work space and an end surface of the housing.

Det indvendige gasvolumen virker som en gasfjeder, og tilbagef0ringskraften til returnering af aktiveringsstemplet tilvejebringes ved, at det i kompressions-30 kammeret indesluttede gasvolumen komprimeres yderligere under aktiveringsstemplets fremf0ring og dermed akkumu-lerer tilstrækkelig energi til at sikre returnering af aktiveringsstemplet, nâr styretrykket fjernes. Der er sâledes skabt en meget kompakt aktuator.The internal gas volume acts as a gas spring, and the return force for returning the actuator is provided by compressing the gas volume contained in the compression chamber further during the actuation of the actuator and thus accumulating sufficient energy to ensure return of the actuator piston when removed. A very compact actuator is thus created.

35 I en foretrukket udf0relsesform er aktiverings stemplet huit og indeholder kompressionskammeret, der erIn a preferred embodiment, the actuator is stamped and contains the compression chamber which is

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2 afgrænset mellem en mod arbejdsrummet vendende endevæg af aktiveringsstemplet og et i den modsat arbejdsrummet vendende ende af aktiveringsstemplet lejret reaktions-stempel, soin med sin frie ende ligger an mod en endevæg 5 i huset.2 bounded between a reaction piston end wall facing the work space and a reaction piston bearing end facing the work space facing the piston, with its free end abutting an end wall 5 of the housing.

I takt med 0get styretrykpâvirkning af aktiveringsstemplet vil reaktionsstemplet - som f01ge af sit anlæg mod en endevæg i huset - forskydes ind i aktiveringsstemplet og derved tilvejebringe den til dettes 10 returnering n0dvendige yderligere komprimering af det indesluttede gasvolumen.In step with increased control pressure of the actuating piston, the reaction piston - which moves from its abutment to an end wall of the housing - will be displaced into the actuating piston thereby providing the necessary compression of the enclosed gas volume for its return.

Anvendelse af en gas under h0jt tryk er generelt mere risikabel end anvendelse af en væske under h0jt tryk. Dette skyldes, at gasser er væsentlig mere' kom-15 pressible end væsker og derfor ved et eventuel brud vil bevirke en langt st0rre og voldsommere spredning af fragmenter - med deraf f01gende irisiko for person- og tingskade - end i tilfælde af en væske under tilsvarende h0jt tryk.Use of a high-pressure gas is generally more risky than using a high-pressure liquid. This is because gases are considerably more compressible than liquids and therefore, in the event of a rupture, will cause a much larger and more violent dispersion of fragments - with consequent iris risk of personal and property damage - than in the case of a liquid under equivalent high pressure.

20 Da gastrykket i kompressionskammeret ved maksimal kompression kan ligge i st0rrelsesordenen 300 bar, opnâr man ved den beskrevne placering af kompressionskammeret inden i aktiveringsstemplet derfor st0rre sikkerhed mod skader som f01ge af brud, idet virkningerne af et sâdant 25 i overvejende grad vil holdes inden for den ekstra be-skyttelseskappe, der udg0res af selve aktuatorhuset.Therefore, since the gas pressure in the compression chamber at maximum compression can be in the order of 300 bar, greater safety against damage due to fractures is achieved at the described location of the compression chamber within the actuating piston, since the effects of such a 25 will largely be kept within it. extra protective cap made by the actuator housing itself.

Reaktionsstemplet lejres med fordel sâledes i aktiveringsstemplet, at reaktionsstemplets centerlinie ligger forsat i forhold til centerlinien for kompres-30 sionskammeret i aktiveringsstemplet, og det er endvidere udf0rt med et bryst, der i reaktionsstemplets monterede tilstand forhindrer dette i at forskydes helt ud af aktiveringsstemplet .Advantageously, the reaction piston is stored in the actuating piston so that the center line of the reaction piston is positioned relative to the center line of the compression chamber of the actuating piston, and it is further provided with a chest which, in the mounted state of the reaction piston, prevents it from being displaced completely from the actuation piston.

Disse konstruktive træk er fordelagtige i tilfæl-35 de af, at der skal udf0res reparationsarbejde pâ aktua-These constructive features are advantageous in the event of repair work being carried out on actuators.

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3 toren, idet man sâ pâ senere beskrevet màde dels kan udbedre fejl i kompressionskammerets tætning inod hen-boldsvis reaktionsstemplet og aktiveringsstemplet uden at mâtte demontere hele aktuatoren, dels - i tilfælde af 5 at démontage alligevel er n0dvendig - undgâr problemer med bevarelse af det komprimerede gasvolumen eller éventuel retablering af dette.3, in the manner described later, it is possible to rectify errors in the sealing of the compression chamber, including the reaction piston and the actuator piston without having to disassemble the entire actuator, and - in case 5 disassembly is necessary - avoids problems with the preservation of the compressed gas volume or eventual recovery of this.

Nogle skibsklassificeringsselskaber foreskriver, at aktuatorer, der anvendes til styring af ventiler om-10 bord pâ skibe skal muligg0re n0dlukning af ventilerne, dvs. lukning af ventilerne i tilfælde af, at det normale styresystem svigter eller i tilfælde af andre driftsfor-styrrelser, eksempelvis utilstrækkeligt tryk i gasfjede-ren.Some ship classification companies prescribe that actuators used to control valves onboard ships should enable valve closure, ie. closing the valves in the event that the normal control system fails or in the case of other operating disturbances, for example, insufficient pressure in the gas spring.

15 Med henblik pâ opfyldelse af disse forskrifter er en aktuator if01ge opfindelsen i en udf0relsesform sâledes konstrueret, at endefladen i buset er udformet pâ et n0dbetjeningsstempel, og at der i den uden for n0dbetjeningsstemplet beliggende endevæg af buset er en 20 aflukkelig âbning.In order to fulfill these requirements, an actuator according to the invention in an embodiment is designed so that the end face of the bus is formed on an emergency operating piston and that in the end wall of the bus located outside the emergency service piston there is a closable opening.

N0dbetjeningsstemplet aktiveres gennem den afluk-kelige âbning - der med fordel er et gevindhul - ved en-ten at udskifte en oprindelig kort stopbolt med en læn-gere boit, som ved iskruning i âbningen presser n0dbe-25 tjeningsstemplet og dermed aktiveringsstemplet tilbage eller ved u0velse af et bydraulisk eller et pneumatisk tryk gennem âbningen.The emergency piston is actuated through the closable opening - which is advantageously a threaded hole - by simply replacing an original short stop bolt with a longer boot, which by pressing the ice in the opening pushes the emergency piston back and thus activates the piston. of an urban hydraulic or a pneumatic pressure through the opening.

I det f01gende beskrives en udf0relsesform for opfindelsen nærmere under benvisning til tegningen, hvor 30 fig. 1 viser et delvist længdesnit gennem en aktuator if01ge opfindelsen, og fig. 2 i st0rre mâlestok et snit langs en del af linien II-II i fig. 1.In the following, an embodiment of the invention is described in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which FIG. 1 shows a partial longitudinal section through an actuator according to the invention, and FIG. 2 on a larger scale, a section along part of the line II-II in FIG. First

Den i fig. 1 viste udf0relsesform for en aktuator 35 if01ge opfindelsen omfatter et af tre dele 1, 2 og 3 4The FIG. 1 embodiment of an actuator 35 according to the invention comprises one of three parts 1, 2 and 3 4

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sammensat hus 4, i hvis indre der er udformet et cirku-lær-cylindrisk rum 5, soin i den ene ende 3 af huset 4 har form af et arbejdsrum 6 med en tilgang 7 for et hydraulisk trykmedium. Huset 4 holdes sammen ved 5 hjælp af boite 8.composite housing 4, in the interior of which is formed a circular cylindrical space 5, at one end 3 of housing 4 is in the form of a work space 6 with an approach 7 for a hydraulic pressure medium. The housing 4 is held together by 5 using boite 8.

I ruminée 5 er forskydeligt lejret et aktive-ringsstempel 9 med en tandstang 10, soin er i indgreb med en udvendig fortanding pâ en i husdelen 2 lejret aktuatorspindel 12, der stâr vinkelret pâ aktiverings-10 stemplet 9. Aktuatorspindelen 12 er pâ ikke vist mâde forbundet til f.eks. en kugleventil. Ved tilf0rsel af trykmedium gennem tilgangen 7 til arbejdsrummet 6 forskydes aktiveringsstemplet 9 mod venstre i fig. 1 under samtidig drejning af aktuatorspindelen 12.In space 5, an actuating piston 9 is displaceably mounted with a rack 10, which is engaged by an external tooth on an actuator spindle 12 which is housed in the housing part 2, which is perpendicular to the actuating piston 9. Actuator spindle 12 is not shown. connected to e.g. a ball valve. By applying pressure medium through the inlet 7 to the working space 6, the actuating piston 9 is displaced to the left in FIG. 1 while simultaneously turning the actuator spindle 12.

15 Aktiveringsstemplet 9 er huit og har forskyde ligt lejret i s in bort fra arbe jdsrummet 6 vendende ende et reaktionsstempel 14, hvorved der mellem reak-tionsstemplet 14 og en endeflade 15 i aktiveringsstemplet dannes et kompressionskammer 16. Kompressions-20 kammeret 16 indeholder et gasvolumen under tryk, eksempelvis nitrogengas (N2) 09 udg0r i forbindelse med reaktionsstemplet 14 en gasfjeder, der skal returnere aktiveringsstemplet mod h0jre i fig. 1 i takt med, at det gennem tilgangen 7 tilf0rte styretryk reduceres.The actuating piston 9 is hot and displaceably stored ice away from the end of the work space 6 a reaction piston 14, thereby forming between the reaction piston 14 and an end surface 15 of the actuating piston a compression chamber 16. The compression chamber 16 contains a gas volume below pressure, for example, nitrogen gas (N2) 09, in conjunction with reaction piston 14, constitutes a gas spring to return the actuating piston to the right of FIG. 1 as the control pressure applied through the approach 7 is reduced.

25 Den til aktiveringsstemplet 9 ' s returnering n0dvendige yderligere kompression af gassen i kompressionskammer et 16 sker ved, at reaktionsstemplet 14 i kraft af sit anlæg mod en i dette tilfælde soin et n0dbe-tjeningsstempel 17 udformet endevæg i huset forskydes 30 ind i aktiveringsstemplet og dermed kompressionskammeret 16 med den 0nskede kompression af gassen til f01ge.The further compression required for the return of the actuating piston 9 for the gas in the compression chamber 16 is effected by the reaction piston 14, by virtue of its abutment against an emergency wall piston 17 formed in this case, being displaced 30 into the actuating piston and compression chamber 16 with the desired compression of the gas for the following.

Af fig. 1 fremgâr endvidere, at reaktionsstemplet 14 i den viste udf0relsesform ikke er lejret centrait i kompressionskammeret 16, men forskudt for dettes cen-35 terlinie, hvilket fremgâr tydeligere af fig. 2, som 5In FIG. 1 further shows that, in the embodiment shown, the reaction piston 14 is not centered in the compression chamber 16, but displaced for its center line, as can be seen more clearly in FIG. 2, as 5

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viser det stykke a, reaktionsstemplet 14's centerli-nie gennem punmktet 20 er forsat for kompressionskam-meret 16's centerlinie gennem punktet 19. Reaktions-stemplet 14 er "sammensat" af to cirkulær-cylindriske 5 dele med indbyrdes forskudte centre, nemlig en relativ lang styredel med centrum i punktet 20 og et bryst 18, hvis centrum faider sammen med kompressionskammeret 16's centrum 19. Stykket a svarer til halvdelen af diameterforskellen mellem reaktionsstemplets styredel og 10 bryst og medf0rer derfor, at disse to dele har netop én fælles frembringer.shows the section a, the center line of the reaction piston 14 through the point 20 is offset for the center line of the compression chamber 16 through the point 19. The reaction piston 14 is "composed" of two circular cylindrical parts with mutually displaced centers, namely a relatively long guide part with the center at point 20 and a breast 18, the center of which coincides with the center 19. of the compression chamber 16. The piece a corresponds to half the diameter difference between the control part of the reaction piston and 10 breast, and therefore causes these two parts to have exactly one joint.

For at opnâ symmetriske forhold omkring reak-tionsstemplet 14's lejring i aktiveringsstemplet 9, er âbningen i dette ligeledes forsat stykket a i for-15 hold til kompressionskammerets centerlinie. Reaktions-stemplet 14 kan alternativt være lejret centrait i aktiveringsstemplet og bar i sa tilfælde et symmetrisk bryst.In order to obtain symmetrical conditions about the reaction of the reaction piston 14 in the activation piston 9, the aperture in this is likewise continued the piece a in relation to the center line of the compression chamber. Alternatively, the reaction plunger 14 may be mounted centrally in the activation plunger and in this case carried a symmetrical chest.

Reaktionsstemplet er pâ kendt mâde tætnet mod ak-20 tiveringsstemplet 9 ved hjælp af to samvirkende pak-ninger 21 og 22, der holdes pâ plads og i tæt anlæg mod de respektive stempler ved hjælp af en gevindb0sning 23. Af fig. 1 fremgâr, at reaktionsstemplet 14 i mon-teret tilstand ikke kan forskydes helt ud af aktive-25 ringsstemplet 9 pâ grund af det forsatte bryst 18's anlæg mod et tilsvarende modsatrettet bryst pâ pakningen 22, og at reaktionsstemplet har en central gaspâfyld-ningsventil 24.In the known manner, the reaction piston is sealed to the actuating piston 9 by means of two cooperating gaskets 21 and 22 held in place and in close contact with the respective pistons by means of a threaded sleeve 23. From fig. 1 shows that in the assembled state the reaction piston 14 cannot be displaced completely out of the actuating piston 9 due to the abutment of the offset breast 18 against a correspondingly opposite chest on the gasket 22, and that the reaction piston has a central gas filling valve 24.

I tilfælde af utilstrækeligt gastryk enten som 30 f01ge af for ringe pâfyldning eller som f01ge af en læ-kage kan dette afhjælpes uden at demontere hele aktuato-ren, idet adgang til reaktionsstemplet kun kræver demon-tering af husdelen 1, hvilket sker ved fjernelse af fire boite 8. Reaktionsstemplet vil nu af gastrykket 35 maksimalt kunne forskydes udefter til anlæg mellem 6In the case of insufficient gas pressure either as a result of too little filling or as a result of a leak, this can be remedied without disassembling the entire actuator, since access to the reaction piston only requires removal of the housing part 1, which is done by removing the four boite 8. The reaction piston will now be able to displace a maximum of gas outwards to systems between 6

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brystet 18 og pakningen 22, medens aktiveringsstem-plet 9 i kraft af indgrebet med aktuatorspindelen 12 vil forblive i husdelene 2 og 3 og ikke forskydes ud af disse som f01ge af det hydrauliske tryk i arbejdsrum-5 met 6.the chest 18 and the seal 22, while the actuating piston 9, by virtue of the engagement with the actuator spindle 12, will remain in the housing parts 2 and 3 and will not be displaced therefrom as a result of the hydraulic pressure in the working space 6.

Herefter kan det krævede arbejde udf0res, herun-der udskiftning af hele reaktionsstemplet 14 med til-h0rende pakninger 21 og 22.Thereafter, the required work can be carried out, including replacement of the entire reaction piston 14 with associated gaskets 21 and 22.

Med henblik pâ n0dbetjening af aktuatoren har 10 denne et n0dbetjeningsstempel 17 respektive 25 i hver ende samt et gevindhul 27 respektive 26. Hullerne 26 og 27 er normalt lukket ved hjælp af ikke viste boite. Afhængigt af i hvilken retning inan i en given n0dsitua-tion 0nsker at pâvirke aktiveringsstemplet, udskrues den 15 relevante boit, bvorefter n0dbetjeningsstemplet og der-ved aktiveringsstemplet igennem âbningen tvinges i det 0nskede retning. Dette kan som tidligere nævnt enten ske direkte ved iskruning af en længere boit eller ved at ud0ve et hydraulisk eller pneumatisk tryk pa n0dbetje-20 ningsstemplet. ______For emergency actuation of the actuator, the latter has an emergency actuator piston 17 and 25 respectively at each end and a threaded hole 27 and 26. The holes 26 and 27 are normally closed by means of the not shown. Depending on the direction in which, in a given emergency, the actuating plunger wishes to act, the relevant boot is screwed, after which the actuating plunger and thereby the actuating plunger are forced through the opening in the desired direction. As previously mentioned, this can be done either directly by ice-cranking a longer boat or by applying a hydraulic or pneumatic pressure to the emergency piston. ______

Claims

1. Hydraulisk drejeaktuator af den art, der om-fatter et hus (4), et i husets ene ende udformet cylin-drisk arbejdsrum (6) raed mindst én tilgang (7) for et 5 hydraulisk trykmedium, et i huset (4) lejret forskyde-ligt aktiveringstempel (9) med en tandstang (10) samt en tværgâende aktuatorspindel (12) med en udvendig for-tanding i indgreb med aktiveringsstemplets tandstang, kendetegnet ved, at der mellem en bort fra 10 arbejdsrummet (6) vendende flade af aktiveringsstemplet (9) og en endeflade i huset er afgrænset et kompres-sionskammer (16) med et gasvolumen under tryk.A hydraulic rotary actuator of the type comprising a housing (4), a cylindrical work space (6) formed at one end of the housing provides at least one approach (7) for a hydraulic pressure medium, one in the housing (4) bearing displaceable actuating piston (9) with a rack (10) and a transverse actuator spindle (12) with an external tooth engage with the actuating plunger of the actuator, characterized in that a surface of a distance extending away from the working space (6) the actuating piston (9) and an end surface of the housing are defined by a compression chamber (16) having a gas volume under pressure.

2. Aktuator if01ge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at aktiveringsstemplet (9) er huit og indeholder 15 kompressionskammeret (16), der er afgrænset mellem en mod arbejdsrummet (6) vendende endevæg af aktiveringsstemplet (9) og et i den modsat arbe jdsrummet (6) vendende ende af aktiveringsstemplet (9) lejret reak-tionsstempel (14), som med sin frie ende ligger an mod 20 en endevæg i huset.2. An actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuating piston (9) is present and contains the compression chamber (16), which is defined between an end wall of the actuating piston (9) facing the working space (6) and an in the opposite working space (9). 6) facing end of the actuating piston (9) mounted reaction piston (14) which, with its free end, abuts an end wall of the housing.

3. Aktuator if01ge krav 2, kendetegnet ved, at reaktionsstemplets (14) centerlinie ligger for-sat i forhold til centerlinien for kompressionskammeret (16) i aktiveringsstemplet (9), og at stemplet (14) har 25 et bryst (18), der i stemplets (14) monterede tilstand forhindrer dette i at forskydes helt ud af aktiveringsstemplet (9).3. An actuator according to claim 2, characterized in that the center line of the reaction piston (14) is arranged relative to the center line of the compression chamber (16) in the actuating piston (9) and that the piston (14) has a chest (18) which in the state of the piston (14) mounted this prevents it from being displaced completely out of the actuating piston (9).

4. Aktuator if01ge krav 1, 2 eller 3, ken detegnet ved, at endefladen i huset er udformet 30 pâ et n0dbetjeningsstempel (17), og at der i den uden for n0dbetjeningsstemplet beliggende endevæg af huset (4) er en aflukkelig âbning (27). DK 156745B4. An actuator according to claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the end surface of the housing is formed 30 on an emergency actuating piston (17) and that in the end wall of the housing (4) located outside the emergency actuating piston is a closable opening (27). ). DK 156745B

5. Aktuator if01ge krav 1, 2 eller 3, k e n d e -t e g n e t ved, at begge de aktiveringssteraplets (9) yderpositioner afgrænsende endeflader i huset (4) er ud-formet pâ n0dbetjeningsstempler (17 respektive 25), og 5 at der i begge de hertil svarende endevægge af huset er en aflukkelig âbning (27 respektive 26).5. An actuator according to claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that both end faces of the actuating sterile (9) defining end faces of the housing (4) are formed on emergency actuating pistons (17 and 25, respectively), and The corresponding end walls of the housing are a closable opening (27 and 26, respectively).