DK147828B - PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING SELF-EXTENSIVE POLYURETHING GLOVES - Google Patents

PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING SELF-EXTENSIVE POLYURETHING GLOVES Download PDF

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DK147828B
DK147828B DK362871AA DK362871A DK147828B DK 147828 B DK147828 B DK 147828B DK 362871A A DK362871A A DK 362871AA DK 362871 A DK362871 A DK 362871A DK 147828 B DK147828 B DK 147828B
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phosphorus
polyol
polyols
foam
mixture
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DK362871AA
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DK147828C (en
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Joachim Wortmann
Franz-Josef Danny
Joachim Kandler
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Hoechst Ag
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48Polyethers
    • C08G18/50Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen
    • C08G18/5075Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having phosphorus
    • C08G18/5081Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having phosphorus having phosphorus bound to oxygen only
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/30Low-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/38Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen
    • C08G18/3878Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having phosphorus
    • C08G18/3882Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having phosphorus having phosphorus bound to oxygen only
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0008Foam properties flexible
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0016Foam properties semi-rigid
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G2110/00Foam properties
    • C08G2110/0025Foam properties rigid

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)

Description

14782 8 i o14782 8 i o

Opfindelsen angår en fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af selvslukkende polyurethanskum under medanvendelse af en phosphor- og chlorholdig polyol som brandbeskyttende komponent.The invention relates to a process for the preparation of self-extinguishing polyurethane foam using a phosphorus and chlorine-containing polyol as a fire protection component.

5 Polyurethaner, især polyurethanskumstoffer, har fundet et bredt anvendelsesområde i industrien i de forskelligste sektorer. På grund af deres fortrinlige varme- og lydisolerende egenskaber anvendes polyurethan-skumstoffer i stort omfang; f.eks. i byggeindustrien, 10 som varmeisolatorer til køleskabe og -vogne, ledninger, tanke, tankvogne og til mange andre formål. Ved dette fornemmes deres lette fremstillelighed på stedet som særlig gunstig. Bløde polyurethanskumstoffer anvendes industrielt i store mængder til fabrikation af madrasser, 15 polstring til møbler og automobilsæder samt inden for mange andre anvendelsesområder.5 Polyurethanes, especially polyurethane foams, have found a wide application in industry in the various sectors. Due to their excellent heat and sound insulating properties, polyurethane foams are widely used; eg. in the construction industry, 10 as heat insulators for refrigerators and trolleys, wires, tanks, tankers and for many other purposes. By this, their lightweight on-site manufacturing is perceived as particularly favorable. Soft polyurethane foams are used industrially in large quantities for the manufacture of mattresses, 15 upholstery for furniture and car seats as well as in many other applications.

Hyppigt enten foreskrives eller i det mindste ønskes ved disse anvendelsesområder en tilstrækkelig brandbeskyttelse. Der er derfor foretaget mangfoldige 20 forsøg på at fremstille polyurethaner, som er selvslukkende efter antændelse, idet der for det meste er blevet tilsat nogle phosphorholdige substanser som brandbeskyttelseskomponent. Indlejres disse substanser imidlertid kun som tilsætningsmidler i formstoffet, 25 foreligger der, især ved polyurethanskumstof, den risiko, at de med tiden vandrer ud af formstoffet eller udludes ved udsættelse for vejrlig. Et væsentligt fremskridt i brandbeskyttelsen af polyurethaner består i anvendelsen af phosphorholdige polyoler, der 30 kemisk bindes i polyurethanerne. Sådanne polyoler fås f.eks. ved tillejring af epoxider til syrer af phosphor eller deres sure estere. Det er kendt, at phosphorforbindelser, der yderligere indeholder halogen, frembyder en forhøjet brandbeskyttelse af 35 formstoffer, da der ved samtidig tilstedeværelse af phosphor og halogen, fortrinsvis chlor eller brom, må noteres en synergistisk effekt med hensyn til brandbeskyttelsesvirkning .Frequently, either at least, or at least in these applications, adequate fire protection is desired. Therefore, numerous attempts have been made to produce polyurethanes which are self-extinguishing after ignition, with mostly some phosphorus-containing substances added as a fire protection component. However, these substances are only embedded as additives in the resin, especially in the case of polyurethane foam, the risk that they will eventually migrate out of the resin or be eliminated by exposure to weather. A significant advance in the fire protection of polyurethanes consists in the use of phosphorus-containing polyols which are chemically bonded in the polyurethanes. Such polyols are obtained e.g. by the addition of epoxides to acids of phosphorus or their acidic esters. It is known that phosphorus compounds which further contain halogen offer an increased fire protection of 35 plastics, since in the presence of phosphorus and halogen, preferably chlorine or bromine, a synergistic effect with regard to fire protection effect must be noted.

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Som bekendt fremstilles polyurethaner ved blanding af højmolekylære forbindelser, der indeholder mindst to aktive hydrogenatomer, med polyisocyanater i nærværelse af én eller flere katalysatorer samt 5 eventuelt drivmidler, overfladeaktive substanser og andre hjælpemidler. Som højmolekylære forbindelser kan hertil tjene phosphor- og chlorholdige polyoler alene eller i blanding med andre sædvanlige forbindelser, såsom f.eks. polyetherpolyoler, polyesterpolyoler eller 10 polyesteramider.As is known, polyurethanes are prepared by mixing high molecular weight compounds containing at least two active hydrogen atoms with polyisocyanates in the presence of one or more catalysts and optionally propellants, surfactants and other adjuvants. As high molecular weight compounds, phosphorous and chlorine-containing polyols can be used for this purpose alone or in admixture with other conventional compounds such as e.g. polyether polyols, polyester polyols or 10 polyester amides.

Phosphor- og halogenholdige polyoler som reaktionskomponent til fremstilling af polyurethaner er beskrevet f.eks. i USA-patentskrift nr, 3.256.240, dog er en tilstrækkelig brandbeskyttelse kun garanteret 15 ved større anvendelsesmængder på grund af det relativt ringe phosphorindhold i disse forbindelser.Phosphorus and halogen-containing polyols as the reaction component for preparing polyurethanes are described e.g. in U.S. Patent No. 3,256,240, however, adequate fire protection is only guaranteed 15 for larger uses due to the relatively low phosphorus content of these compounds.

På grund af den højere pris for phosphor- og chlorholdige polyoler i forhold til de sædvanlige brændbare polyoler som udgangsprodukt til polyurethanfremstillingen 20 er anvendelsen af de kendte, brandhæmmende polyoler uøkonomisk i betragtning af deres ringe virkningsgrad.Due to the higher cost of phosphorus and chlorine-containing polyols compared to the usual combustible polyols as a starting product for the polyurethane preparation 20, the use of the known fire-retardant polyols is uneconomical, given their poor efficiency.

Desuden påvirkes polyurethanskumstoffernes cellestruktur som bekendt ved forøget anvendelse af de kendte phosphor-polyoler.In addition, the cellular structure of the polyurethane foams is known to be influenced by increased use of the known phosphorus polyols.

25 En fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af tertiære phosphorsyreestere og -polyestere, som indeholder to alkoholiske hydroxylgrupper i molekylet, er beskrevet i britisk patentskrift nr. 1.080.938. Ifølge dette patentskrift fremstilles polyurethanskumstoffer ved 30 omsætning af et di- eller polyisocyanat med tertiære phosphorsyreestere eller -polyestere, idet estrenes struktur svarer til den almene formel ~0A process for preparing tertiary phosphoric acid esters and polyesters containing two alcoholic hydroxyl groups in the molecule is described in British Patent Specification No. 1,080,938. According to this patent, polyurethane foams are prepared by reacting a di- or polyisocyanate with tertiary phosphoric acid esters or polyesters, the structure of the esters corresponding to the general formula ~ 0

Z'O--P - (OY) O--1 HZ'O - P - (OY) O - 1 H

35 » n35 »n

OZ' XOZ 'X

147828147828

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3 hvor x og n er hele tal fra 1 til 10, Y betyder alkylen med formlen -CH(R')-CH2, hvor R* er H, CHg, C^H,. eller halogenmethyl, og Z' betyder —(·ΥΟ)η~Η, R eller A, idet dog mindst én af grupperne Z' er A, hvor A 5 er en monovalent rest af en polyhydroxyleret organisk forbindelse, såsom en diol, triol eller polyol, men dog ikke en polyalkylenglycol med formlen H(OY)nOH, og R er alkyl, cycloalkyl, mono- eller dihalogenalkyl eller aryl med 1-6 carbonatomer.3 where x and n are integers from 1 to 10, Y means alkylene of the formula -CH (R ') - CH 2, where R * is H, CHg, C1 H,. or halo methyl and Z 'means - (· ΥΟ) η ~ ~, R or A, however, at least one of the groups Z' is A, where A 5 is a monovalent residue of a polyhydroxylated organic compound such as a diol, triol or polyol, but not a polyalkylene glycol of the formula H (OY) nOH, and R is alkyl, cycloalkyl, mono- or dihaloalkyl or aryl of 1-6 carbon atoms.

10 De ifølge britisk patentskrift nr. 1.080.938 fremstillede polyurethanskumstoffer har ingen praktisk betydning fået, fordi fremstillingen af de tertiære phos-phorsyreestere eller -polyestere er uøkonomisk, da der ved omestringen altid forekommer en blanding af mono-, 15 di- og trialkylenglycoler, som ikke kan genanvendes til polyolfremstilling. Endvidere er de således fremstillede skumstoffer først selvslukkende, efter at et vist stykke er brændt, ligesom deres oprindelige fysiske egenskaber er blevet forringet som følge af 20 brandsikringen. -The polyurethane foams prepared according to British Patent No. 1,080,938 are of no practical importance because the preparation of the tertiary phosphoric acid esters or polyesters is uneconomical, since at the transesterification there is always a mixture of mono-, di- and trialkylene glycols, which cannot be reused for polyol production. Furthermore, the foams thus produced are only self-extinguishing after a certain piece has been burned, and their original physical properties have deteriorated as a result of the fire protection. -

Den foreliggende opfindelses formål er fremstillingen på en så økonomisk måde som mulig, af vedvarende brandbeskyttede polyurethanskumstoffer under anvendelse af lettilgængelige polyoler, som kan fremstilles uden 25 biproduktdannelse, og som har et phosphor- og halogenindhold, der er så højt som muligt, som brandbeskyttelsesmidler, idet den ikke-brandbeskyttede polyurethans egenskaber skal bibeholdes i så vidt omfang som muligt, 30 Opfindelsen angår i overensstemmelse hermeduen fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af selvslpkkende polyure-thanskum ved addition af en blanding af polyol, som indeholder P- og Cl-atomer, og én eller flere polyestereller polyetherpolyoler til ækvivalente mængder af en 35 organisk polyisocyanatforbindelse i nærværelse af aktivatorer, drivmidler og celleregulatorer, hvilkenThe object of the present invention is to produce, as economically as possible, from renewable fire-protected polyurethane foams using readily available polyols which can be prepared without by-product formation and which have as high a phosphorus and halogen content as fire protection agents. The invention accordingly relates to a process for producing self-extinguishing polyurethane foam by the addition of a mixture of polyol containing P and Cl atoms and one or more a plurality of polyester or polyether polyols for equivalent amounts of an organic polyisocyanate compound in the presence of activators, propellants and cell regulators, which

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4 147828 fremgangsmåde er ejendommelig ved, at der som polyol indeholdende P- og Cl-atomer anvendes en polyol, der er fremstillet ved, at man i et første fremgangsmådetrin har omsat en chloreret aliphatisk alkohol med ?205 5 i et molforhold på under 3:1 eller med polyphosphorsyre eller med en blanding af polyphosphorsyre med P2°5 ved en temperatur på 20-150°C, især 50-100°C, eventuelt i nærværelse af phosphorsyrling som stabilisator og dinatriumphosphat som regulator, i løbet af ca. 0,5 til 10 ca. 5 timer under dannelse af en blanding af partielt forestrede polyphosphorsyrer, hvorefter man i et andet fremgangsmådetrin har ømsat den fremkomne reaktionsblanding, eventuelt efter forudgående afkøling, med et epoxid med den almene formel 15 R3 - CH - CH - R4 \/The process is characterized in that as a polyol containing P and C1 atoms, a polyol is produced, which in a first process step has reacted a chlorinated aliphatic alcohol with? 205 5 in a molar ratio of less than 3: 1 or with polyphosphoric acid or with a mixture of polyphosphoric acid with P2 ° 5 at a temperature of 20-150 ° C, especially 50-100 ° C, optionally in the presence of phosphoric acid as a stabilizer and disodium phosphate as a regulator, over approx. 0.5 to 10 approx. 5 hours to form a mixture of partially esterified polyphosphoric acids, after which, in another process step, the resulting reaction mixture, optionally after prior cooling, is reacted with an epoxide of the general formula R 3 - CH - CH - R 4

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3 4 hvori R og R er et hydrogenatom eller en eventuelt 20 halogensubstitueret carbonhydridgruppe med 1-6 carbon-atomer, til forestring af de endnu frie syregrupper i de partielt forestrede phosphorsyrer under dannelse af en polyol.Wherein R and R are a hydrogen atom or an optionally halogen-substituted hydrocarbon group of 1-6 carbon atoms, to esterify the still free acid groups in the partially esterified phosphoric acids to form a polyol.

Andelen af polyolen indeholdende P- og Cl-atomer 25 i blandingen med den kendte polyol andrager fortrinsvis fra ca. 5 til ca. 90 vægtprocent, især fra ca. 5 til ca, 50 vægtprocent.The proportion of the polyol containing P and Cl atoms 25 in the admixture with the known polyol is preferably from ca. 5 to approx. 90% by weight, especially from approx. 5 to about 50% by weight.

Til gennemførelse af additionsfremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen anvendes som isocyanatkomponent med 30 fordel et di- og/eller polyisocyanat. F.eks. kan isocyanatkomponenten være 2,4- og/eller 2,6-toluylen--diisocyanat eller diphenylmethan-4,41-diisocyanat.For carrying out the addition process of the invention, an isocyanate component is advantageously used as a di- and / or polyisocyanate. Eg. the isocyanate component may be 2,4- and / or 2,6-toluylene diisocyanate or diphenylmethane-4,41-diisocyanate.

Som kendte polyoler er de halogen- og phosphorfrie polyetherpolyoler eller polyesterpolyoler egnede.As known polyols, the halogen- and phosphorus-free polyether polyols or polyester polyols are suitable.

35 Det foretrækkes, at der anvendes en polyetherpolyol med et hydroxyltal på 46 mg eller 520 mg KOH/g eller en polyesterpolyol med et hydroxyltal på 60 mg KOH/g.It is preferred to use a polyether polyol having a hydroxyl number of 46 mg or 520 mg KOH / g or a polyester polyol having a hydroxyl number of 60 mg KOH / g.

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Til indledning af additionsreaktionen ifølge opfindelsen anvendes hensigtsmæssigt de kendte aktivatorer, såsom tertiære aminer og/eller tinorganiske forbindelser. Ved fremstillingen af urethanskumstoffer 5 får polyoIblandingen tilsat sædvanlige drivmidler såsom chlorfluoralkaner og/eller vand, samt celleregulatorer i form af overfladeaktive substanser, såsom polysiloxaner. Den opnåede blanding kan umiddelbart eller på et senere tidspunkt blandes med det valgte 10 polyisocyanat eller den valgte polyisocyanatblanding og således bringes til reaktion.Conveniently, the known activators such as tertiary amines and / or tin organic compounds are used to initiate the addition reaction of the invention. In the preparation of urethane foams 5, the polyol mixture is added to conventional propellants such as chlorofluoroalkanes and / or water, as well as cell regulators in the form of surfactants such as polysiloxanes. The mixture obtained can be immediately or at a later time mixed with the selected polyisocyanate or polyisocyanate mixture and thus reacted.

Ved den såkaldte forpolymerfremgangsmåde omsættes en del af isocyanatgrupperne allerede inden- polyureth'anfremstillingen med den phosphor." og 'chlorholdige polyol. Det er også muligt 15 kun at anvende en del af den forudsatte anvendelsesmængde af polyolerne indeholdende phosphor og chlor sammen med allerede gængse polyoler til fremstillingen af den forpolymere.In the so-called prepolymer process, some of the isocyanate groups are already reacted in the polyurethane preparation with the phosphorus. "And" chlorine-containing polyol. It is also possible to use only part of the predicted amount of use of the polyols containing phosphorus and chlorine with existing polyols. for the preparation of the prepolymer.

De således fremstillede polyurethanskumstoffer kan alt efter forgreningsgrad, som er afhængig af 20 polyolernes hydroxyltal, være hårde, bløde eller middelhårde skumstoffer. De er brandbeskyttede allerede ved moderat høje anvendelsesmængder af de phosphor-og chlorholdige polyoler, ca. 5 vægtprocent og mere, . henført til den samlede polyol. Ved brandforsøget 25 ifølge ASTM nr. D 1692-59-T får de prædikatet "ikke-brændbare" eller "selvslukkende". Denne brandbeskyttelse bibeholdes også vedvarende i fuldt omfang.The polyurethane foams thus produced may, depending on the degree of branching which depend on the hydroxyl number of the polyols, be hard, soft or medium hard foams. They are already fire protected by moderately high amounts of the phosphorus and chlorine-containing polyols, approx. 5% by weight and more,. attributed to the total polyol. In the fire test 25 according to ASTM No. D 1692-59-T they get the predicate "non-combustible" or "self extinguishing". This fire protection is also maintained to the fullest extent.

En yderligere fordel ved anvendelsen af de phosphor- og.chlorholdige polyoler til fremstilling af polyurethanskum-30 stoffer består i, at en termisk beskadigelse af skumstoffet, hvilken beskadigelse kan erkendes på misfarvning i det indre af skumstofblokke, forhindres i vidt omfang.A further advantage of using the phosphorus and chlorine-containing polyols for the production of polyurethane foams is that thermal damage to the foam, which can be recognized by discoloration in the interior of foam blocks, is largely prevented.

Ved erstatningen af traditionel polyol med de phosphor-35 og chlorholdige polyoler i mængder på indtil 50 vægtprocent forandres polyurethanskumstoffernes mekaniske egenskaberWhen replacing traditional polyol with the phosphorus-35 and chlorine-containing polyols in amounts of up to 50% by weight, the mechanical properties of the polyurethane foams change

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6 147828 i forhold til de skumstoffer, der er blevet fremstillet udelukkende med traditionelle polyoler, overraskende nok kun i ringe grad.6 147828 in relation to the foams which have been made exclusively with traditional polyols, surprisingly only to a small extent.

Fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen samt egenskaberne 5 af de opnåede fremgangsmådeprodukter belyses nærmere ved hjælp af nedenstående eksempler. Endvidere er produkter fremstillet ifølge opfindelsen sammenlignet med skumstoffer fremstillet på kendt måde.The process of the invention as well as the properties of the obtained process products are further elucidated by the following examples. Furthermore, products made according to the invention are compared to foams made in known manner.

10 Eksempel 1 a) Fremstilling af den phosphor- og chlorholdige polyol: I en méd omrører, termometer, gasindledningsrør og tilbageløbssvaler forsynet reaktionsbeholder anbringes 241,5 g 2-chlorethanol (3 mol), og under udelukkelse af 15 luft og fugtighed ved hjælp af et nitrogenmodstrøm indføres 213 g phosphorpentoxid (1,5 mol), idet reaktionsblandingens temperatur ved køling med is holdes på maksimalt 40°C. Efter at phosphorpentoxidet er fuldstændigt opløst, tilsættes 1 g phosphorsyrling og 1,2 g Na2HPO^.Example 1 a) Preparation of the phosphorus and chlorine-containing polyol: In a reaction stirrer, thermometer, gas inlet pipe and reflux condenser, 241.5 g of 2-chloroethanol (3 moles) are placed, and with the exclusion of 15 air and humidity by means of 213 g of phosphorus pentoxide (1.5 mole) is introduced, keeping the temperature of the reaction mixture with ice cooling at a maximum of 40 ° C. After the phosphorus pentoxide is completely dissolved, 1 g of phosphoric acid and 1.2 g of Na 2 HPO 4 are added.

20 Blandingen omrøres i 30 minutter ved 45°C. Efter fyldning af tilbageløbssvaleren med en methanol/tøris-blanding ledes ethylen-oxid ind i blandingen ved en temperatur på 50°C, indtil et kraftigt tilbageløb indicerer reaktionens afslutning. Ikke-bundet ethylenoxid 25 udblæses ved 90°C ved hjælp af en nitrogenstrøm. Der fås 895 g af en let-gul farvet væske. Ethylenoxid--optagelsen andrager 438,3 g (ca. 10 mol). Produktet har et P^^-indhold på 23,9 vægtprocent, et chlor-indhold på 11,4 vægtprocent og et hydroxyltal på 30 212 mg KOH/g. Syretallet er mindre end 1 mg KOH/g.The mixture is stirred for 30 minutes at 45 ° C. After filling the reflux condenser with a methanol / dry ice mixture, ethylene oxide is introduced into the mixture at a temperature of 50 ° C until a strong reflux indicates the termination of the reaction. Unbound ethylene oxide 25 is blown out at 90 ° C by a stream of nitrogen. 895 g of a light yellow colored liquid is obtained. The ethylene oxide uptake is 438.3 g (about 10 moles). The product has a P ^^ content of 23.9% by weight, a chlorine content of 11.4% by weight and a hydroxyl number of 30,212 mg KOH / g. The acid number is less than 1 mg KOH / g.

b) Fremstilling af skumstoffet: 12,3 g af den phosphor- og chlorholdige polyol blandes med 1 g vand 1 g siliconolie "SF 1066" (polyglycolmodificeret polysiloxan) 35 3 g triethylamin 24 g trichlorfluormethan 95 g polyetherpolyol med OH-tal 520 mg KOH/g^ 147828b) Preparation of the foam: 12.3 g of the phosphorus and chlorine-containing polyol are mixed with 1 g of water 1 g of silicone oil "SF 1066" (polyglycol modified polysiloxane) 35 g of triethylamine 24 g of trichlorofluoromethane 95 g of polyether polyol with OH number 520 mg KOH / g ^ 147828

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7 og denne blanding omrøres hurtigt med 150 g methylendiphenyl-4,4'-diisocyanat. Efter 4 0 sekunders standtid fremkommer der ved en stigningstid på 85 sekunder et selvslukkende, hårdt polyurethanskum-5 stof med rumvægten 35 g/liter. Det er udhærdet efter 2.5 minutter ved 20°C.7 and this mixture is rapidly stirred with 150 g of methylenediphenyl-4,4'-diisocyanate. After 40 seconds of stand time, a self-extinguishing, hard polyurethane foam with a weight of 35 g / liter appears at a rise time of 85 seconds. It is cured after 2.5 minutes at 20 ° C.

Eksempel 2 (sammenligningseksempel)Example 2 (Comparative Example)

Ved stuetemperatur fremstilles en blanding med 10 følgende sammensætning: 27,9 g tris-2-chlorethyl-phosphat 100 g polyetherpolyol med hydroxyltal 520 mg KOH/g 1 g vand 1 g siliconolie "SF 1066" 15 3 g triethylamin 24 g trichlorfluormethanAt room temperature a mixture of the following composition is prepared: 27.9 g tris-2-chloroethyl phosphate 100 g polyether polyol with hydroxyl number 520 mg KOH / g 1 g water 1 g silicone oil "SF 1066" 15 g triethylamine 24 g trichlorofluoromethane

Ved tilsætning af 150 g methylendiphenyl-4,4' --diisocyanat og påfølgende hurtig omrøring af blandingen fremkommer der efter 45 sekunders standtid og 90 sekunders 20 stigningstid et selvslukkende, hårdt polyurethanskumstof med rumvægten 35 g)liter. Udhærdningstiden andrager 3.5 minutter.Upon addition of 150 g of methylenediphenyl-4,4 'diisocyanate and subsequent rapid stirring of the mixture, a self-extinguishing hard polyurethane foam having a weight of 35 g) is obtained after 45 seconds of standstill and 90 seconds of rise time. The cure time is 3.5 minutes.

Eksempel 3 (sammenligningseksempel) 25 Der fremstilles et skumstof med kendt sammensætning, hvortil følgende substanser blandes: 49,1 g af en halogenfri, men phosphorholdig polyol med betegnelsen "Fyrol®6" og med formlen (C2H50)2~ p(o)ch2n(c2h4oh)2 30 60,4 g polyetherpolyol med OH-tal 520 mg KOH/g 1 g vand 1 g siliconolie "SF 1066" 3 g triethylamin og 24 g trichlorfluormethan.Example 3 (Comparative Example) A foam composition of known composition is prepared to which the following substances are mixed: 49.1 g of a halogen-free but phosphorus-containing polyol designated "Fyrol®6" and of the formula (C2H50) 2 ~ p (o) ch2n (c2h4oh) 2 60.4 g polyether polyol with OH number 520 mg KOH / g 1 g water 1 g silicone oil "SF 1066" 3 g triethylamine and 24 g trichlorofluoromethane.

35 Blandingen røres hurtigt ind i 150 g methylendiphenyl- -4,4'-diisocyanat. Efter 25 sekunders standtid, 100 sekunders stigningstid og 4 minutters udhærdningstid fås et selvslukkende skumstof med en rumvægt på 35 g/liter.The mixture is quickly stirred into 150 g of methylenediphenyl -4,4'-diisocyanate. After 25 seconds of stand time, 100 seconds of rise time and 4 minutes of cure time, a self-extinguishing foam with a weight of 35 g / liter is obtained.

ο 8 147&2βο 8 147 & 2β

Eksempel 4 (sammenligningseksempel)Example 4 (Comparative Example)

Der fremstilles et hårdt polyurethanskumstof, ved hvilket der som udgangsprodukt anvendes en i USA-patent-skrift nr. 3.256.240 beskrevet phosphor- og halogenholdig 5 polyol. Polyolen fremstilles ved omsætning af phos-phorsyre med epichlorhydrin og har et hydroxyltal på 201 mg KOH/g, et phosphorindhold på 8 vægtprocent P2°5 og et chlorindhold på 18,7 vægtprocent. Til fremstilling af skumstoffet blandes først nedenstående substanser: 10 49,1 g af den phosphor- og chlorholdige polyol med OH-tal 201 mg KOH/g 81,4 g polyetherpolyol med OH-tal 520 mg KOH/g 1 g vand 1 g siliconolie "SF 1066" 15 3 g triethylamin 24 g trichlorflnormethan^ og derefter indføres i blandingen under hurtig omrøring 150 g methylendiphenyl-4,4'-diisocyanat. Efter 35 sekunders standtid og 130 sekunders stignings-20 tid fremkommer et selvslukkende hårdt polyurethan- skumstof med en rumvægt på 34 g/liter. Udhærdnings-tiden andrager 6,5 minutter.A hard polyurethane foam is prepared, using as the starting product a phosphorus- and halogen-containing polyol described in U.S. Patent No. 3,256,240. The polyol is prepared by reaction of phosphoric acid with epichlorohydrin and has a hydroxyl number of 201 mg KOH / g, a phosphorus content of 8% by weight P2 ° 5 and a chlorine content of 18.7% by weight. To prepare the foam, the following substances are first mixed: 10 49.1 g of the phosphorus and chlorine containing polyol with OH number 201 mg KOH / g 81.4 g polyether polyol with OH number 520 mg KOH / g 1 g water 1 g silicone oil "SF 1066" 15 g of triethylamine 24 g of trichlorofluoromethane and then introduced into the mixture with rapid stirring 150 g of methylenediphenyl-4,4'-diisocyanate. After 35 seconds of stand time and 130 seconds of rise time, a self-extinguishing hard polyurethane foam having a weight of 34 g / liter appears. The cure time is 6.5 minutes.

Eksempel 5 (sammenligningseksempel) 25 Der fremstilles et phosphor- og halogenfrit skumstof, hvortil først følgende substanser blandes: 100 g polyetherpolyol med hydroxyltal 520 mg KOH/g 1 g vand 1 g siliconolie "SF 1066" 30 3 g triethylamin 24 g trichlorfluormethan.Example 5 (Comparative Example) A phosphorus and halogen-free foam is prepared, to which first the following substances are mixed: 100 g of polyether polyol with hydroxyl number 520 mg KOH / g 1 g water 1 g silicone oil "SF 1066" 30 g triethylamine 24 g trichlorofluoromethane.

Til denne blanding sættes ved hurtig omrøring 150 g methylendiphenyl-4,4'-diisocyanat. Efter en opholdstid på 40 sekunder og en stigningstid på 35 85 sekunder fremkommer et hårdt polyurethanskumstof med en rumvægt på 35 g/liter. Udhærdningstiden andrager 3 minutter.To this mixture, 150 g of methylene diphenyl-4,4'-diisocyanate is added with rapid stirring. After a residence time of 40 seconds and a rise time of 35 85 seconds, a hard polyurethane foam fabric with a room weight of 35 g / liter appears. The cure time is 3 minutes.

OISLAND

9 1478289 147828

De ifølge eksempel 1-5 fremstillede, hårde polyurethanskumstoffer afprøves med hensyn til deres egenskaber, og prøvningsresultaterne er anført i nedenstående tabel. I tabellerne betyder: 5 J: Skumstoffets rumvægt i (g/liter) K: Mængden af den phosphor- og halogenholdige polyol, af den phosphorholdige polyol eller af tris-2-chlorethylphos-phat i blandingen med kendte polyoler i (vægtprocent) L^, I^: Afbrændingsforsøg ifølge ASTM nr. D 1692-59 T.The hard polyurethane foams prepared according to Examples 1-5 are tested for their properties and the test results are given in the table below. In the tables: 5 J: Foam volume in (g / liter) K: The amount of the phosphorus and halogen-containing polyol, of the phosphorus-containing polyol or of tris-2-chloroethylphosphate in the mixture with known polyols in (wt%) L , I ^: Burning test according to ASTM No. D 1692-59 T.

10 Forsøget foregår umiddelbart efter færdigfremstilling af skumstoffet. betyder afbrændingshastigheden i (mm/minut), L2 afbrændingsstræknihgen i (mm) indtil selvsl'ukning.The test is carried out immediately after the foam preparation is completed. means the firing rate in (mm / minute), L2 burning distance in (mm) until self-extinguishing.

Mjy M2: Afbrændingsforsøg ifølge ASTM nr. D 1692-59 T.Mjy M2: Burning test according to ASTM No. D 1692-59 T.

15 Skumstoffet er oplagret i 4 uger ved 90°C, M^ gengiver afbrændingshastigheden i (mm/minut), mens M2 viser afbrændingsstrækningen i (mm) indtil selvslukning.15 The foam is stored for 4 weeks at 90 ° C, M ^ represents the firing rate in (mm / minute), while M2 shows the firing distance in (mm) until self-extinguishing.

N^, N2: Afbrændingsforsøg ifølge ASTM nr. D 1692-59 T.N ^, N2: Burning test according to ASTM No. D 1692-59 T.

Skumstoffet er inden forsøget blevet udsat for vejrliget 20 i 7 måneder. N^ betyder afbrændingshastigheden i (mm/minut), N2 afbrændingsstrækningen i (mm) indtil selvslukning.Before the experiment, the foam was exposed to the weather 20 for 7 months. N ^ means the firing rate in (mm / minute), N2 the firing distance in (mm) until self-extinguishing.

0^, 02: Afbrændingsforsøg ifølge DIN-forskrift nr. 53438.0 ^, 02: Burning test in accordance with DIN Regulation 53438.

Forsøget udføres i tilfældet 0^ umiddelbart efter 25 færdigfremstilling af skumstoffet og i tilfældet C>2 efter 4 ugers oplagring ved 90°C.The test is carried out in case 0 ^ immediately after 25 foam preparation and in case C> 2 after 4 weeks storage at 90 ° C.

P: Dimensionsstabilitet for skumstoffet i (%) efter en oplagringstid på 4 uger ved 70°C og 95°'s relativ luftfugtighed.P: Dimensional stability of the foam in (%) after a storage period of 4 weeks at 70 ° C and 95 ° C relative humidity.

30 q; Trykforsøg ifølge DIN-forskrift nr, 53421 i (kp/cm^) R: Trykforsøg ifølge DIN-forskrift nr. 53421 ved 10%'s 2 sammentrykning i (kp/cm ) S: Bøjeforsøg ifølge DIN-forskrift nr, 53423 i (kp/cm2) T: Forskydningspåvirkningsforsøg ifølge DIN-forskrift nr.30 q; Pressure test according to DIN Regulation No. 53421 in (kp / cm 2) R: Pressure test according to DIN Regulation No. 53421 at 10% 2 compression in (kp / cm) S: Bending test according to DIN Regulation No. 53423 in (kp / cm 2) kp / cm2) T: Shear impact test according to DIN Regulation no.

35 53422 i (kp/cm2).53422 in (kp / cm 2).

10 147828 o10 147828 d

Af de i tabellen anførte prøvningsresultater må det udledes, at polyurethanskumstofferne fremstillet ved fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen, hvad angår brændbarhed overgår sammenligningsprodukterne væsentligt. På den 5 anden side forandres deres fysiske egenskaber på trods af phosphor- og halogenidindholdet i polyurethanmolekylet ikke ufordelagtigt i sammenligning med phosphor- og halogenfri polyurethan, tværtimod forbedres endda bestemte data, såsom f.eks. trykbelastningen ved 10% sammentrykning. Også 10 i forhold til kendte phosphorholdige polyurethaner, såsom f.eks. beskrevet i eksempel 3 udviser skumstoffer fremstillet ved fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen kun ringe kvalitetsforskel med hensyn til tryk-, bøjningseller forskydningsbelastning, eller de udmærker sig ved 15 en mindre brændbarhed.From the test results given in the table, it must be deduced that the polyurethane foams produced by the process of the invention in terms of flammability significantly outperform the comparative products. On the other hand, despite their phosphorus and halide content in the polyurethane molecule, their physical properties are not disadvantageously compared to phosphorus- and halogen-free polyurethane, on the contrary, even certain data, such as e.g. the compressive load at 10% compression. Also, relative to known phosphorus-containing polyurethanes, such as e.g. described in Example 3, foams prepared by the method of the invention exhibit little quality difference in pressure, bending or shear stress, or they are characterized by a lower flammability.

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DK362871A 1970-07-23 1971-07-22 PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING SELF-EXTENSIVE POLYURETHING GLOVES DK147828C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE2036592 1970-07-23
DE2036592A DE2036592C2 (en) 1970-07-23 1970-07-23 Means for reducing the flammability of polyurethane foams and processes for the production of flame-retardant polyurethane foams

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US3968187A (en) * 1972-12-26 1976-07-06 Monsanto Company Flame retardant haloalkyl esters of glycols
DE4342973A1 (en) * 1993-12-16 1995-06-22 Hoechst Ag Flame retardant polyurethanes

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DE875C (en) * 1877-10-23 R. ADRIAN in Solingen Process for the production of bowls for pen and pocket knives
DE1129868B (en) 1958-12-17 1962-05-17 Foersvarets Fabriksstyrelse Mobile carriage
DE1106067B (en) 1959-12-09 1961-05-04 Bayer Ag Process for the production of non-flammable or hardly inflammable plastics from phosphorus-containing polyesters and polyisocyanates
NL295929A (en) * 1962-07-30 1900-01-01
GB1082013A (en) 1964-06-05 1967-09-06 Albright & Wilson Mfg Ltd Halogen containing phosphate esters and their use in the manufacture of flame resistant polymers
FR1411875A (en) 1964-08-13 1965-09-24 Kuhlmann Ets New phosphorus polyols, their preparation process and their applications
US3354241A (en) * 1965-03-01 1967-11-21 Union Carbide Corp Diphosphites
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AT323422B (en) 1975-07-10
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