DK145724B - COLLABLE THREE-DIMENSIONAL GRID CONSTRUCTION - Google Patents
COLLABLE THREE-DIMENSIONAL GRID CONSTRUCTION Download PDFInfo
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- DK145724B DK145724B DK77571AA DK77571A DK145724B DK 145724 B DK145724 B DK 145724B DK 77571A A DK77571A A DK 77571AA DK 77571 A DK77571 A DK 77571A DK 145724 B DK145724 B DK 145724B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
- E04B1/344—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts
- E04B1/3441—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts with articulated bar-shaped elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
- E04B1/1903—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/005—Girders or columns that are rollable, collapsible or otherwise adjustable in length or height
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
- E04H15/32—Parts, components, construction details, accessories, interior equipment, specially adapted for tents, e.g. guy-line equipment, skirts, thresholds
- E04H15/34—Supporting means, e.g. frames
- E04H15/44—Supporting means, e.g. frames collapsible, e.g. breakdown type
- E04H15/48—Supporting means, e.g. frames collapsible, e.g. breakdown type foldable, i.e. having pivoted or hinged means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
- E04H15/32—Parts, components, construction details, accessories, interior equipment, specially adapted for tents, e.g. guy-line equipment, skirts, thresholds
- E04H15/34—Supporting means, e.g. frames
- E04H15/44—Supporting means, e.g. frames collapsible, e.g. breakdown type
- E04H15/48—Supporting means, e.g. frames collapsible, e.g. breakdown type foldable, i.e. having pivoted or hinged means
- E04H15/50—Supporting means, e.g. frames collapsible, e.g. breakdown type foldable, i.e. having pivoted or hinged means lazy-tongs type
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
- E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
- E04B2001/1927—Struts specially adapted therefor of essentially circular cross section
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
- E04B2001/1957—Details of connections between nodes and struts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
- E04B2001/1957—Details of connections between nodes and struts
- E04B2001/1966—Formlocking connections other than screw connections
- E04B2001/1969—Ball and socket type connection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
- E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S52/00—Static structures, e.g. buildings
- Y10S52/10—Polyhedron
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
- Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Description
i 145724in 145724
Opfindelsen angår en tredimensional gitterkonstruktion, der består af en række forbindelsesled og en række retliniede, hovedsagelig stive stanglignende elementer, der er forbundet med hinanden ved hjælp af leddene, og 5 som danner plane eller rumlige polygoner med et lige antal sider, og hvor gitterkonstruktionen kan sammenklappes til et bundt, hvis længde er i hovedsagen lig med længden af et enkelt stanglignende element.The invention relates to a three-dimensional grid structure consisting of a series of connecting links and a series of rectilinear, mainly rigid rod-like elements interconnected by the links, and forming planar or spatial polygons with an equal number of sides, and wherein the grid structure can collapsed into a bundle whose length is substantially equal to the length of a single rod-like element.
I modsætning til en sammenlæggelig tredimensional 10 gitterkonstruktion, som kan tages fra hinanden uden at ødelægges, er gitterkonstruktionen ifølge opfindelsen "virkelig samrenklappelig.", idet der herved skal forstås, at konstruktionen i den sammenlagte respektive sammenklappede stand fortsat danner ét sammenhængende hele, 15 selv om den stadig er demonterbar, dvs. at konstruktionens elementer fortsat er sammenhængslet, selv om konstruktionen har en væsentligt ændret form og et omfang, som er reduceret betydeligt.In contrast to a foldable three-dimensional grid structure which can be taken apart without being destroyed, the grid structure according to the invention is "truly collapsible." By this it is to be understood that the structure in the collapsed and collapsed condition continues to form one continuous whole, even whether it is still removable, ie. that the elements of the structure continue to be interconnected, although the structure has a substantially altered shape and scope that has been significantly reduced.
En tredimensional gitterkonstruktion af den indled-20 ningsvis omhandlede art er beskrevet i en offentliggørelse af R. Buckminster Fuller i "World Design, Science Decade 1965-1975”, World Resources Inventory, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, USA, 1963, side 51-52, såvel som i en afhandling af Robert W. Marks, 25 "The Dymaxion World of Buckminster Fuller" (Reinhold Publishing Corporation, New York, 1960, side 195).A three-dimensional lattice construction of the type initially referred to is described in a publication by R. Buckminster Fuller in "World Design, Science Decade 1965-1975", World Resources Inventory, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, USA, 1963, page 51-52, as well as in a dissertation by Robert W. Marks, 25 "The Dymaxion World of Buckminster Fuller" (Reinhold Publishing Corporation, New York, 1960, p. 195).
Ved denne kendte gitterkonstruktion hører der til hver tre stænger et kugleled, via hvilket disse stænger har deres ene ende forenet til en trefod. Hver stanggrup-30 pe, som består af tre stænger, har lighed med et kamerastativ med tre ben og et kugleled som stativhoved, og de fri ender af alle trefodsben er via kugleled forbundet med hinanden i grupper, hver med fem eller seks trefodsben pr. kugleled. De med hinanden således forbundne stæn-35 ger er i begyndelsen sammenlagt til et bundt, hvori stængerne ligger parallelt med hinanden. Til hvert trefodshoved hører der en lille mast, som automatisk kan bevæges 145724 2 udad fra trefodshovedet ved hjælp af et stempel, der kan forskydes i en cylinder. Cylindrene er fyldt med en trykgas, ved hjælp af hvilken alle trefodshovedmaster kan bevæges udad. Hver af mastespidserne er via et kabel for-5 bundet med fodenderne af den tilhørende trefod, så trefodsbenene spredes, når masten bevæges udad. Hvis alle master bevæges udad samtidigt, opstilles gitterkonstruktionen automatisk, hvorved det af kablerne dannede trekantnet har form af et regelmæssigt geodætisk, sfærisk 10 net, som hindrer, at treføddernes ben spredes mere fra hinanden end nødvendigt for at danne en kuppel- eller kugleform.In this known lattice construction there is a ball joint for every three rods, through which these rods have their one end joined to a tripod. Each bar group consisting of three rods is similar to a three-legged camera stand and a ball joint as a tripod head, and the free ends of all three-legged legs are connected to each other in groups, each with five or six three-legged legs. ball joint. The connecting rods thus connected are initially joined to a bundle in which the rods are parallel to one another. Each tripod head has a small mast which can be automatically moved outward from the tripod head by means of a piston which can be displaced in a cylinder. The cylinders are filled with a pressurized gas through which all tripod head masts can be moved outwards. Each of the mast tips is connected via a cable to the foot ends of the associated tripod, so that the tripod legs spread as the mast moves outward. If all masts are moved outward simultaneously, the grid structure is set up automatically, whereby the triangular mesh formed by the cables takes the form of a regular geodetic, spherical 10 mesh, which prevents the legs of the tripods from spreading more apart than necessary to form a dome or sphere shape.
Ved den kendte gitterkonstruktion har man først og fremmest beskæftiget sig med problemet, hvorledes man kan 15 opstille en tredimensional gitterkonstruktion automatisk.In the known grid construction, the problem has first and foremost been the problem of how to set up a three-dimensional grid structure automatically.
Det er derimod uklart, hvorledes man sikrer konstruktionen i dens opstillede stand, og hvorledes man atter kan sammenklappe den. Sikringen af 'dén opspændte respektive opstillede gitterkonstruktion kan ske ad pneumatisk eller 20 ad mekanisk vej. Ved anvendelse af den førstnævnte løsning må man lukke trykgascylindrene og antage, at alle cylindre, stempler og andre tætningssteder er tilstrækkeligt gastætte til at holde masterne i deres udadbevægede stilling i den tid, hvor konstruktionen benyttes. Da en 25. sådan antagelse ikke er særlig realistisk, har man som anden pneumatisk løsning kun tilbage at anvende en permanent forbindelse mellem konstruktionen og en tilstrækkelig stor trykgaskilde. Denne løsning er imidlertid endnu mere uhensigtsmæssig og blot lidt mindre usikker end den 30 førstnævnte løsning. Tilbage har man således kun at anvende mekaniske løsninger, hvoraf der naturligvis findes et stort antal. I princippet kan en sådan mekanisk løsning i form af f.eks. en spærreindretning betjenes manuelt, f.eks. ved at man skyder en stift ind i et tværhul i 35 masten for derved at hindre dennes tilbagerutschning, efter at gastrykket er blevet reduceret. En mere elegant løsning er en fjedrende snapindretning, som hindrer, at den udadbevægede mast atter trækker sig tilbage.On the other hand, it is unclear how to secure the structure in its erected condition and how to fold it again. The securing of the respective tensioned lattice structure can be secured by pneumatic or mechanical means. Using the former, one must close the gas cylinders and assume that all cylinders, pistons, and other sealing sites are sufficiently gas tight to hold the masts in their outward-moving position during the time of construction. Since a 25 such assumption is not very realistic, as a second pneumatic solution, only a permanent connection between the structure and a sufficiently large pressure gas source is left. However, this solution is even more inconvenient and just slightly less uncertain than the first 30 solution. Thus, one has only to use mechanical solutions, of which there are of course a large number. In principle, such a mechanical solution in the form of e.g. a locking device is operated manually, e.g. by pushing a pin into a cross hole in the mast thereby preventing its back slipping after the gas pressure has been reduced. A more elegant solution is a resilient snap device which prevents the outward moving mast from retreating again.
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Danset hvilken løsning man vælger, må man udløse sådanne spærreindretninger eller anslag manuelt efter hinanden, inden man atter kan sammenklappe gitterkonstruktionen. Da det ikke er muligt at sammenklappe trefod 5 efter trefod for derved at opnå en kontrolleret sammenklapning af konstruktionen (i modsætning til et "katastrofe" -sammenbrud) , udgør dette et yderst alvorligt problem, hvis man ved den kendte konstruktion overhovedet har haft til hensigt at opstille og atter sammenklappe 10 den flere gange.Whichever solution you choose, you must release such locking devices or stops manually in succession before you can collapse the grid structure again. Since it is not possible to collapse tripod 5 by tripod in order to achieve a controlled collapse of the structure (as opposed to a "disaster" collapse), this is a very serious problem if the known construction was intended at all to erect and fold it again several times.
Under konstruktionens sammenklapning må stemplerne atter trykkes ind i cylindrene, og disse må under konstruktionens genopstilling eventuelt atter forbindes med en trykgaskilde. De anvendte kabler er navnlig til gene 15 under sammenklapningen i den forstand, at man under denne må være yderst opmærksom på, at kablerne ikke lægger sig i en vilkårlig form om dele af konstruktionen og bliver hængende, når konstruktionen atter genopstilles. Sammenklapningsproceduren er under alle omstændigheder besvær-20 lig og tidskrævende.During the collapse of the structure, the pistons must again be pressed into the cylinders, and these may, if necessary, be re-connected with a pressurized gas source. In particular, the cables used are for nuisance 15 during the collapse in the sense that, under this, one must be extremely aware that the cables do not lie in any shape about parts of the structure and become suspended when the structure is rebuilt. The collapse procedure is in any case cumbersome and time-consuming.
Opfindelsen har til formål at udforme den indledningsvis omhandlede gitterkonstruktion på en sådan måde, at den bliver selvbærende i sin opstillede stand, og at den hurtigt og let kan sammenklappes.The invention has for its object to design the grid structure initially referred to in such a way that it becomes self-supporting in its erected condition and that it can be collapsed quickly and easily.
25 Til opnåelse heraf er konstruktionen ifølge opfin delsen ejendommelig ved, at forbindelsesleddene er udformet således, at kun en del af de stanglignende elementer kan bevæge sig med mere end én frihedsgrad - i det mindste i et vist omfang - i forhold til deres tilhørende 30 led, medens de andre stanglignende elementer kun kan bevæge sig i ét plan i forhold til deres tilhørende led, og at forbindelsesleddene har førings- og anslags- eller stoporganer, som er sammenhængende med leddene, og som i gitterkonstruktionens færdigt opstillede stand éntydigt 35 fastlægger vinkelstillingen af deres tilhørende stanglignende elementer såvel i forhold til hvert af de andre stanglignende elementer som i forhold til midtersymmetriaksen for leddene.In order to achieve this, the construction according to the invention is characterized in that the connecting links are designed so that only a part of the rod-like elements can move with more than one degree of freedom - at least to a certain extent - relative to their associated links. whereas the other rod-like elements can only move in one plane relative to their associated joints, and that the connecting joints have guide and stop or stop means which are interconnected with the joints and which unambiguously determine the angular position of the grating structure. their associated rod-like elements both in relation to each of the other rod-like elements and in relation to the center axis of symmetry of the joints.
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Det i det foranstående anvendte udtryk "frihedsgrad" refererer til enhver af de seks muligheder for bevægelse af et bevægeligt legeme i forhold til et fikse-ret koordinatsystem, dvs. tre translationer parallelt 5 med koordinatakserne, og tre rotationer om disse akser.The term "degree of freedom" used in the foregoing refers to any of the six possibilities for movement of a moving body relative to a fixed coordinate system, ie. three translations in parallel 5 with the coordinate axes, and three rotations about these axes.
Som det vil fremgå af det følgende, opnår man med udformningen ifølge opfindelsen en gitterkonstruktion, som med sin polyederstruktur - dannet af plane eller rumlige polygoner med 2 n sider, hvor n betegner et helt, 10 positivt tal - har væsentlige tekniske fordele.As will be apparent from the following, the design according to the invention achieves a lattice construction which, with its polyhedral structure - formed by planar or spatial polygons with 2 n sides, where n represents an integer, 10 positive number - has significant technical advantages.
Gitterkonstruktionen er på grund af sin geometri og udformningen af forbindelsesleddene selvbærende i sin opspændte stand og kræver hertil ingen støttemaster eller spændetov. Der findes altså ingen udragende kabel-15 lignende fikseringsindretninger, som under visse forhold kan danne slyngninger og knuder og derved indvirke forstyrrende på gitterkonstruktiorien. I konstruktionen af-støtter de stanglignende elementer, i det følgende blot betegnet stænger, hinanden gensidigt, og konstruktionens 20 stabilitet i den opspændte stand sikres ved, at forbindelsesleddene, i det følgende blot betegnet led, alt efter gitterkonstruktionens ydre form er beliggende på mindst in krummet flade. I konstruktionens opspændte stand er stængerne, som er i forbindelse med en del af 25 leddene, svinget mere end 90° fra den stilling, de indtager i konstruktionens sammenklappede stand, dvs. at fodpunkterne af stængerne, som ved hovedsiden er forbundet med it og samme led, ikke ligger i et plan med dette led, idet disse led må trykkes gennem planet, som opspæn-30 des af fodpunkterne af de med nævnte led forbundne stænger, inden disse ligger an mod de tilhørende anslags- eller stoporganer og derved indtager en defineret vinkelstilling. Ved passagen af det pågældende led gennem nævnte opspændte plan må de pågældende fodpunkter af stænger-35 ne fjernes yderligere fra hinanden, end der tillades på grund af deres af geometrien definerede stilling på den krummede flade. Dette betyder, at i det mindste leddet, som under konstruktionens opspænding sluttelig bringes i 145724 5 sin korrekte stilling, kun - under udnyttelsen af en vis elastisk deformation af hele gitterkonstruktionen og under udøvelsen af en vis kraft - kan trykkes gennem det af stængernes fodpunkter opspændte plan. Under konstruktio-5 nens sammenklapning kræves der omvendt den samme kraft for atter at trykke leddet gennem det af stængernes fodpunkter opspændte plan. Der er følgelig ingen risiko for, at konstruktionen automatisk skal synke sammen.Due to its geometry and the design of the connection joints, the grille construction is self-supporting in its clamped condition and requires no support mast or tension rope for this purpose. Thus, there are no protruding cable-like fasteners which, under certain conditions, can form coils and nodes, thereby interfering with the grid structure. In the structure, the rod-like elements, hereinafter simply referred to as rods, mutually support each other, and the stability of the structure 20 in the clamped condition is ensured by the connecting joints, hereinafter simply referred to as joints, depending on the outer shape of the grating structure, curved surface. In the tensioned state of the structure, the rods which are connected to a portion of the 25 joints are pivoted more than 90 ° from the position they occupy in the collapsed state of the structure, ie. that the footings of the rods, which at the main side are connected to IT and the same link, do not lie in a plane with this link, since these links must be pressed through the plane which is clamped by the footpoints of the bars connected with said link before these abuts the associated stop or stop means and thereby occupies a defined angular position. When passing the joint in question through said clamped plane, the respective footings of the rods must be further removed from each other than is allowed due to their geometry-defined position on the curved surface. This means that at least the joint, which is finally brought into its correct position during the tensioning of the structure, can only - under the utilization of some elastic deformation of the entire grid structure and during the exercise of a certain force - be pressed through the tension of the rods of the rods. level. Conversely, during the collapse of the structure, the same force is required to push the joint again through the plane of the pole ends of the rods. Consequently, there is no risk of the structure automatically sinking.
Som det vil fremgå af det foranstående, er gitter-10 konstruktionen ifølge opfindelsen ikke blot meget enkel at spænde op, men lige så enkel at klappe sammen igen.As will be apparent from the foregoing, the grid-10 structure of the invention is not only very simple to clamp, but just as easy to collapse again.
Med henblik herpå bringes stængerne under overvindelse af forannævnte elastiske modstand først ind i leddene, hvorefter det herved dannede "rumlige siksak"-mønster sammen-15 trykkes fremadskridende, indtil stængerne ligger i hovedsagen parallelt med hinanden og danner et kompakt bundt.To this end, the rods, overcome by the aforesaid elastic resistance, are first brought into the joints, after which the "spatial zigzag" pattern thus formed is compressed progressively until the rods are substantially parallel to each other and form a compact bundle.
Da hver af stængerne, som indgår i gitterkonstruktionen, kun har to led, kan gitterkonstruktionen betragtes som en konstruktion, som danner et enkeltlag, eller 20 som i en anden udførelsesform danner et dobbeltlaggitter respektive dobbeltlagnet. Alle led er med andre ord beliggende på en f.eks. kuppelformet eller cylindrisk krummet flade, eller er i en anden udførelsesform beliggende på to sådanne koncentriske eller koaksiale flader med 25 lidt forskellige radier.Since each of the bars included in the grid structure has only two joints, the grid structure can be considered as a single-layer structure, or in another embodiment forming a double-layer grid and the double-layer, respectively. In other words, all joints are located on a e.g. domed or cylindrical curved surface, or in another embodiment is located on two such concentric or coaxial surfaces with slightly different radii.
Selv om gitterkonstruktionen er selvbærende, kan i det mindste nogle af leddene have låseelementer, som enten udgør integrerede dele af leddene eller er anbragt løsbart på disse. Sådanne låse- eller afstivningselemen-30 ter tjener imidlertid kun til at optage ydre koncentriske eller tilfældige påvirkninger, såsom fra stød eller kastevinde. Disse låsemidler kan anbringes inden for få sekunder efter konstruktionens opstilling og atter sættes ud af funktion inden dens sammenklapning. Til konstrukti-35 onens opstilling eller sammenklapning kræves der ialt kun få minutter, og denne tid forøges ikke væsenligt ved en eventuel anvendelse af yderligere låse- eller afstivningselementer. Summen af opstillings- og sammenklap- 145724 6 ningstiden udgør altså kun en meget lille brøkdel af den forudsete brugstid for konstruktionen, hvilket er en betingelse for den nyttige anvendelse af sammenklappelige konstruktioner til de brugsformål,som opfindelsen forud-5 ser.Although the lattice structure is self-supporting, at least some of the joints may have locking members which either form integral parts of the joints or are detachably disposed thereon. However, such locking or stiffening elements serve only to absorb external concentric or random influences, such as from shock or throwing wind. These locking means can be placed within seconds of the construction of the structure and put back into operation before its collapse. The construction or collapse of the structure requires a total of only a few minutes, and this time is not substantially increased by the possible use of additional locking or stiffening elements. Thus, the sum of the set-up and collapse time constitutes only a very small fraction of the predicted useful life of the construction, which is a condition for the useful use of collapsible structures for the purposes of the invention envisaged.
Hvad angår geometrien af gitterkonstruktionerne i-følge opfindelsen skal bemærkes, at basisformerne, som ligger til grund for disse konstruktioner, i overvejende grad er sfæriske eller cylindriske. I sidstnævnte tilfæl-10 de kan symmetriaksen for den cylindriske kappeflade, som også udgør aksen for gitterkonstruktionen, enten forløbe parallelt med eller vinkelret på jorden. Cylindriske konstruktioner med en vertikal symmetriakse kan afsluttes ved deres øvre ende ved påsætning af en pyramide, hvis 15 symmetri er lig med symmetrien af den cylindriske gitterkonstruktion. Det samlede antal stænger, som er forbundet med hinanden ved hjælp af et passende antal led, danner således en rumlig gitterkonstruktion, som i det væsentlige følger de tilgrundliggende basisformer. Det 20 . faktiske antal stænger, som er nødvendigt for en særlig udførelse af opfindelsen, er enten lig med det ideale antal stænger, som foreskrives af den teoretiske form af gitterkonstruktionen, eller er forskelligt fra dette ideale antal, hvorved man i sidstnævnte tilfælde enten må 25 fjerne eller tilføje en eller flere stænger, for at der kan skabes en tilgang til konstruktionen eller skabes forbindelsesåbninger eller gennemgange mellem flere af disse konstruktioner eller en vilkårlig kombination deraf. Det skal imidlertid bemærkes, at gitterkonstruktionen 30 i ethvert tilfælde er udformet således, at man ikke skal tilføje konstruktionselementer under dens opstilling eller fjerne sådanne elementer under dens sammenklapning.With regard to the geometry of the lattice structures of the invention, it should be noted that the basic shapes underlying these structures are predominantly spherical or cylindrical. In the latter case, the axis of symmetry of the cylindrical sheath surface, which also constitutes the axis of the grid structure, can either extend parallel to or perpendicular to the ground. Cylindrical constructions with a vertical axis of symmetry can be terminated at their upper end by the application of a pyramid whose symmetry is equal to the symmetry of the cylindrical grid structure. Thus, the total number of rods connected by an appropriate number of joints forms a spatial lattice structure which essentially follows the underlying basic shapes. It 20. actual number of rods necessary for a particular embodiment of the invention is either equal to the ideal number of rods prescribed by the theoretical form of the lattice structure or is different from this ideal number, whereby in the latter case one must either remove or adding one or more rods to create an approach to the structure or to create connecting openings or passageways between several of these structures or any combination thereof. However, it should be noted that in each case the grid structure 30 is designed so as not to add structural elements during its arrangement or to remove such elements during its collapse.
Et yderligere træk ved gitterkonstruktionen ifølge opfindelsen består i, at man - med henblik på at danne en 35 kompleks konstruktion - kan forbinde gitterkonstruktionen med en eller flere tilsvarende gitterkonstruktioner af vilkårlig form.A further feature of the lattice construction according to the invention consists in that - in order to form a complex construction - it is possible to connect the lattice structure to one or more corresponding lattice structures of any shape.
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De foreslåede gitterkonstruktioner kræver ingen støtteelementer inden for eller uden for det rum, de omslutter, og de kan forankres til jorden såvel med som uden spændesnore.The proposed grid structures require no support elements inside or outside the space they enclose, and they can be anchored to the ground as well as with or without tension cords.
5 Gitterkonstruktionerne kan bære i det mindste én bøjelig dækbeklædning, som kan være fastgjort på konstruktionens inderside eller på dens yderside. Der kan også findes flere dækbeklædninger, hvoraf nogle kan være fastgjort på konstruktionens inderside og andre på dens 10 yderside. Gitterkonstruktionen kan sammenklappes og/eller opstilles sammen med dækbeklædningen eller dækbeklædningerne. Som alternativ hertil kan man også fastgøre dækbeklædningen eller dækbeklædningerne til konstruktionen efter dens opstilling, eller man kan fjerne dækbeklædnin-15 gen eller dækbeklædningerne fra konstruktionen inden dens sammenklapning. Dækbeklædningerne kan bestå af et vilkårligt bøjeligt materiale, såsom væv af naturlige, kunstige eller blandede fibre. Som dækmateriale kan man imidlertid også anvende et stift eller halvstift 20 plademateriale, såsom et metallisk materiale, plastmateriale, papir eller mineralsk materiale. I sidstnævnte tilfælde kan pladerne forbindes med hinanden og med konstruktionen ved hjælp af f.eks. snore, klæbning, svejsning, nitning og/eller ved hjælp af passende anbragte og 25 udformede forbindelsesorganer, såsom hager, kroge, ringe, klemorganer eller snaporganer.5 The lattice structures may carry at least one flexible cover which may be attached to the interior or exterior of the structure. Several deck covers may also be found, some of which may be attached to the inside of the structure and others to its outside. The lattice structure can be collapsed and / or erected together with the deck coverings or coverings. Alternatively, the tire cover (s) may also be affixed to the structure according to its arrangement, or the cover (s) or cover (s) may be removed from the structure prior to its collapse. The coverings may consist of any flexible material, such as fabrics of natural, artificial or mixed fibers. However, as a cover material, a rigid or semi-rigid sheet material such as a metallic material, plastic material, paper or mineral material may also be used. In the latter case, the plates can be connected to each other and to the structure by means of e.g. cords, glue, welding, riveting and / or by means of appropriately arranged and formed connecting means such as hooks, hooks, rings, clamping means or snap means.
Gitterkonstruktionerne ifølge opfindelsen kan f.éks. anvendes som telte og bungalower til udflugter, som selvstændige stande på udstillinger, som førstehjælpsstatio-30 ner og nødhospitaler, som midlertidige lagre og transportable vareskure og som midlertidige baraklejre.The lattice structures of the invention can e.g. used as tents and bungalows for excursions, as stand-alone stands at exhibitions, as first aid stations and emergency hospitals, as temporary storage and transportable sheds and as temporary barracks.
Opfindelsen forklares nærmere i det følgende under henvisning til tegningen, der som eksempler viser enkelt^ skematiske og foretrukne udførelsesformer, idet 35 fig. 1 viser en kuppellignende konstruktion ifølge opfindelsen set udefra, fig. 2 et grundrids af konstruktionen ifølge fig.l, 8 145724 fig. 3 et perspektivbillede af en speciel udførelse af et stanglignende element, fig. 4 et perspektivbillede af en speciel udformning af et forbindelsesled af kugletapudførelse, 5 fig. 5 et perspektivbillede af en anden udformning af et forbindelsesled af kugletapudførelse, fig. 6 et forbindelsesled af tapgaffeludføréLse, fig. 7 en sammensat konstruktion, som opnås ved sammenføjning af to konstruktioner ifølge fig. 1, 10 fig. 8 et sammenhængende bundt af stanglignende elementer, som opnås ved fuldstændig sammenklapning af konstruktionen ifølge fig. 1, og fig. 9 og 10 en yderligere udførelse af konstruktionen ifølge opfindelsen med en anden geometri ., set hen-15 holdsvis fraoven og fra siden.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate, by way of example, simple schematic and preferred embodiments. 1 is a plan view of a dome-like structure according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a plan view of the structure of FIG. 8; 3 is a perspective view of a particular embodiment of a rod-like element; FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a special design of a ball joint connector; FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a ball joint connector; FIG. 6 shows a connecting link of the pivot fork embodiment; FIG. 7 is a composite structure obtained by joining two constructions of FIG. 1, 10 FIG. 8 is a continuous bundle of rod-like elements obtained by completely collapsing the structure of FIG. 1, and FIG. 9 and 10 show a further embodiment of the construction according to the invention with a different geometry, seen from above and from the side respectively.
Ud over den almindelige form af en speciel udførelsesform for opfindelsen viser fig. 1 og 2 også den nøjagtige beliggenhed af alle stanglignende elementer, i det følgende blot betegnet stænger, og forbindelsesled, i det 20 følgende blot betegnet led. Således betegner henvisningstallene 1 stængerne, medens henvisningstallene 2 betegner leddene. De forskellige typer af disse stænger og led er som angivet i det følgende identificeret ved tilføjede bogstaver.In addition to the general form of a particular embodiment of the invention, FIG. 1 and 2 also indicate the exact location of all rod-like elements, hereinafter simply referred to as rods, and connecting joints, hereinafter simply referred to as joints. Thus, the reference numbers 1 denote the rods, while the reference numbers 2 denote the links. The various types of these rods and joints are identified as follows by added letters.
25 1A: En stang med begge ender af tapudførelse, IB: En stang med en ende af tapudførelse og en ende af kugleudførelse, fig. 3, 2A: Et led af tapgaffeludførelse, som optager fem stænger 1A, 30 2B: Et led af tapgaffeludførelse, som optager tre stænger, fig. 6, 2C: Et led af kugletapudførelse, som optager fem stænger, fig. 4, 2D: Led, der er beliggende på jorden. På grund af 35 deres geometri er disse led i hovedsagen af 2C- udførelse med undtagelse af, at hvert led kun optager tre stænger, idet den centrale stang, som ligger i meridianplanet for den sfæriske 145724 9 konstruktion, ikke behøver et kugleleds bevægelsesfrihed og derfor kan være af tapudførelse.Fig. 1A: A rod with both ends of tap embodiment, IB: A rod with one end of tap embodiment and one end of ball embodiment; Figs. 3, 2A: A link of pin fork embodiment, which takes up five bars 1A, 30 2B: A link of pin fork embodiment, which takes up three bars, fig. 6, 2C: A joint of ball bearing design which receives five rods, fig. 4, 2D: Joints located on the ground. Because of their geometry, these joints are essentially of 2C design except that each joint only accommodates three rods, the central rod being in the meridian plane of the spherical construction does not need the freedom of movement of a ball joint and therefore may be of tape execution.
En speciel udførelse af en indgangsåbning, som i 5 fig. 2 er markeret med en pil, er afgrænset af led og stænger 2D{j-lA(j-2B(j-lBD-2C(j-lBd-2Bd-lAj-2i^. Hvert af leddene 2Dd og 2Cd optager en stang mindre end de tilsvarende led uden indeks.A special embodiment of an inlet opening shown in FIG. 2 is marked by an arrow, delimited by joints and rods 2D {j-1A (j-2B) (j-lBD-2C (j-lBd-2Bd-lAj-2i ^). Each of the joints 2Dd and 2Cd occupies a rod less than the corresponding indices without index.
Stangen, som enten kan være hul eller massiv, og 10 som kan bestå af et vilkårligt egnet materiale, såsom jernmetaller eller ikke-jernmetaller, plast, træ eller en vilkårlig kombination af sådanne materialer, er vist mere detaljeret i fig. 3, der illustrerer en foretrukken udførelse. Stangen omfatter en hoveddel 3, der har sin 15 ene ende forbundet med en kugleformet endedel 4, der danner kuglen i en kugletapforbindelse, og sin anden ende forbundet med en flad tunge 5, som danner tapelement i en tapgaffelforbindelse. Til tungen 5 er der fastgjort en svingtap 6.The rod, which can be either hollow or solid, and which may consist of any suitable material, such as ferrous or non-ferrous metals, plastics, wood or any combination of such materials, is shown in more detail in FIG. 3 illustrating a preferred embodiment. The bar comprises a main portion 3 having its one end connected to a spherical end portion 4 forming the ball in a ball pin connection, and its other end connected to a flat tongue 5 which forms the tap member of a pin fork joint. A pivot pin 6 is attached to the tongue 5.
20 En særlig udførelsesform for et led af kugletapud- førelse er vist i fig. 4 og består af to halvdele 7 og 8, der udgør leddets hoveddele, en låseskive 9, en T-formet møtrik 10, der tjener til nedspænding af låseskiven 9, en bolt 11, et hoved 12, der har en krog-25 lignende form og tjener til at fastholde en beklædning, og ϋ-formede indsnit, der omfatter et anslags- eller stoporgan 13 og en føring 13a og tjener til at fastlægge positionen af stangen i forhold til leddet, når konstruktionen er færdigopstillet. En ende 14 af en 30 sådan stang er indtegnet med stiplet linie. Veid sammenlægning af konstruktionen kan stængernes kuglehalse, efter at låseskiven 9 er fjernet, til at begynde med kun bevæge sig i et plan, idet de endnu befinder sig mellem de parallelle vægge af det U-formede indsnit 13a, der 35 udgør føring, men så snart kuglehalsene er kommet ud af dette indsnit, vil stængerne og hoveddelen 3 af leddet kunne udføre de sammensatte relative bevægelser, som kræves for sammenlægning og anbringelse af stængerne side ίο U5724 om side til dannelse af den i fig. 8 viste kompakte, bundtlignende form. Ved opstilling af konstruktionen kan kuglehalsene frit følge de sammensatte, ikke nødvendigvis symmetriske trækkræfter, indtil de får kontakt med 5 føringen 13a, som til slut letter indføringen i det U-formede indsnit, hvor kuglehalsenes bevægelser bliver endeligt standset af stopfladerne 13.20 A particular embodiment of a ball bearing embodiment is shown in FIG. 4 and consists of two halves 7 and 8 constituting the main parts of the joint, a lock washer 9, a T-shaped nut 10 which serves to clamp down the lock washer 9, a bolt 11, a head 12 having a hook-like shape and serves to retain a cladding and ϋ-shaped incisions comprising a stop or stop member 13 and guide 13a and serves to determine the position of the rod relative to the joint when the construction is completed. An end 14 of such a rod is plotted in dotted line. Weighted folding of the structure, after the locking disc 9 is removed, the rods of the rods may initially only move in one plane, being still between the parallel walls of the U-shaped notch 13a constituting guide, but then as soon as the ball necks have come out of this incision, the rods and main part 3 of the joint will be able to perform the composite relative movements required for joining and placing the rods side-by-side to form the one shown in FIG. 8, compact, bundle-like shape. In setting up the structure, the ball necks can freely follow the composite, not necessarily symmetrical, forces until they come into contact with the guide 13a, which ultimately facilitates insertion into the U-shaped incision where the movements of the ball necks are finally stopped by the stop surfaces 13.
En anden udførelsesform for et led af kugletapud-førelse er vist i fig. 5. Her er låseindretningen udfor-10 met i ét med leddet og består af en bægerformet del 15, som er anbragt drejeligt på en af hovedhalvdelene og udformet med en række slidser 16 på omkredsen. I den åbne stilling af låseindretningen vil disse slidser 16 tillade indføring og indlejring af kuglehalsene i U-formede 15 lokaliseringsindsnit 16a. Gribeflige 17 letter drejningen af låsebægeret 15, og denne drejning medfører, at indsnittenes udløb 16b blokeres, så kuglehalsene hindres i at forlade de respektive indsnit.Another embodiment of a ball bearing embodiment is shown in FIG. 5. Here, the locking device is formed integrally with the joint and consists of a cup-shaped part 15 which is pivotally mounted on one of the main halves and formed with a series of slots 16 on the circumference. In the open position of the locking device, these slots 16 will allow insertion and embedding of the ball necks in U-shaped locating incisions 16a. Grip tabs 17 facilitate the rotation of the locking cup 15, and this rotation causes the cut-out outlet 16b to be blocked, preventing the ball necks from leaving the respective incisions.
En foretrukken udførelse af et led af tapgaffelud-20 førelse er vist i fig. 6. Stængerne kan her kun bevæge sig i ét plan, idet føringsslidser 19a har i hovedsagen samme bredde som tykkelsen af tappe 22. I denne udførelse holdes de to halvdele 18 og 19 sammen af en bolt 20, som har et krogformet hoved 21. Den med stiplede linier 25 viste tapende 22 af stangen 23 er udformet med en svingtap 24, som er lejret drejeligt i en af de to halvdele af leddet. Bunden 18a af føringsslidserne 19a i den øvre halvdel 18 tjener som stop eller anslag.A preferred embodiment of a joint of the fork fork embodiment is shown in FIG. 6. Here, the rods can only move in one plane, the guide slots 19a having substantially the same width as the thickness of pin 22. In this embodiment, the two halves 18 and 19 are held together by a bolt 20 having a hook-shaped head 21. The taped 22 of the rod 23 shown in broken lines 25 is formed with a pivot pin 24 which is pivotally mounted in one of the two halves of the joint. The bottom 18a of the guide slots 19a in the upper half 18 serves as a stop or stop.
I fig. 7 er to kuppellignende konstruktioner ifølge 30 fig. 1 sammensat til en større og mere kompliceret konstruktion. Her er grundkonstruktionerne betegnet henholdsvis 25 og 26 og forbindelsesorganerne henholdsvis 27 og 28.In FIG. 7 are two dome-like structures according to FIG. 1 composed for a larger and more complicated construction. Here, the basic structures are designated 25 and 26, respectively, and the connecting means 27 and 28, respectively.
Et bundt af sammenhængende stænger, som opnås ved 35 fuldstændig sammenklapning af konstruktionen ifølge fig.A bundle of interconnecting rods obtained by completely collapsing the structure of FIG.
1, er vist i fig. 8. De tæt op til hinanden sammenfoldede stænger ligger i det væsentlige parallelt med hinanden i den sammenklappede stand, og nogle af leddene ligger ved 11 1Α572Λ bundtets top og nogle ved dets bund. I det viste eksempel er beklædningen fjernet inden konstruktionens sammenklapning, selv om dette ikke er nødvendigt i praksis.1 is shown in FIG. 8. The closely folded rods are substantially parallel to each other in the folded position, and some of the joints are at the top of the bundle and some at its bottom. In the example shown, the cladding is removed prior to collapsing the structure, although this is not necessary in practice.
En anden udførelse af de foreslåede gitterkonstruk-5 tioner er vist i fig. 9 og 10. Dette er en i grundtrækkene cylindrisk konstruktion med vertikal symmetriakse, og konstruktionen er lukket foroven ved hjælp af en pyramide.Another embodiment of the proposed lattice structures is shown in FIG. 9 and 10. This is a basically cylindrical structure with vertical axis of symmetry and the structure is closed at the top by means of a pyramid.
I det følgende skal beskrives en foretrukken opstillingsprocedure for den i fig. 1 og 2 viste udførelsesform 10 for opfindelsen.In the following, a preferred set-up procedure for the embodiment of FIG. 1 and 2 of the invention.
1. Bundtet af parallelle stænger, der er vist skematisk i fig. 8, sættes ned på jorden, så stængerne indtager en i hovedsagen vertikal stilling med leddene 2D af kugletapudførelse i berøring med jorden.1. The bundle of parallel bars shown schematically in FIG. 8, is lowered to the ground so that the rods occupy a generally vertical position with the joints 2D of ball bearing design in contact with the ground.
15 2. De fem led 2D (fig. 8), der er beliggende ved periferien og er i berøring med jorden, trækkes udad i radial retning, så langt de kan bevæges, hvorved konstruktionen bibringes et edderkoplignende udseende.2. The five joints 2D (Fig. 8), located at the periphery and in contact with the ground, are pulled outward in a radial direction as far as they can be moved, giving the structure a spider-like appearance.
3. En af de personer, der arbejder med konstruktio-20 nens opstilling, i det følgende betegnet "Bygningsarbejder", løfter derpå de to øvre stænger IB (fig. 2), som afgrænser indgangsåbningen, hvorved en anden bygningsarbejder kan indtage sin plads under den nu delvis udtrukne konstruktion.3. One of the persons working with the construction of the structure, hereinafter referred to as "Construction Worker", then lifts the two upper bars IB (Fig. 2), which delimit the entrance opening, whereby another construction worker can occupy his space below the now partially drawn out construction.
25 4. Den anden bygningsarbejder løfter derefter det centrale led 2A og holder det højt oppe, medens den første bygningsarbejder trækker de periferiske 5-element-led 2C (omfattende 4-element-leddet 2C^ (fig. 2) for indgangsåbningen udad.4. The second building worker then lifts the central link 2A and holds it high, while the first construction worker pulls the peripheral 5-element link 2C (comprising the 4-element link 2C ^ (Fig. 2) for the entrance opening outward.
30 5. De fem led 2D (fig. 1 og 2), der er i berøring med jorden, vippes manuelt udad, så langt de kan bevæges, og låseskiverne 9 (fig. 4) påsættes nu hvert af de fem led 2C af kugletapudførelse, efter at disse led først er trukket udad, indtil alle kuglehalsene ligger rigtigt 35 an mod anslagene eller stoppene 13 (fig. 4), i de respek-indsnit. Derpå påsættes låseskiverne 9 med slidserne 9a (fig. 4), og til slut drejes låseskiverne ca. 90°. Konstruktionen er nu opstillet og kan forankres til jorden, 12 145724 hvis dette skulle være påkrævet.5. The five joints 2D (Figures 1 and 2) which are in contact with the ground are manually tilted outward as far as they can be moved and the locking washers 9 (Fig. 4) are now fitted to each of the five joints 2C of ball bearing design , after these joints are first pulled outward, until all the ball necks are properly aligned with the stops or stops 13 (Fig. 4), in the respective incisions. The locking discs 9 are then fitted with the slots 9a (Fig. 4) and finally the locking discs are rotated approx. 90 °. The structure is now erected and can be anchored to the ground, if required.
Sammenlægningsproceduren, der i det væsentlige er en omvendt procedure i forhold til opstillingsproceduren, forløber på følgende måde.The merge procedure, which is essentially a reverse procedure over the set-up procedure, proceeds as follows.
5 1. De fem nederste led 2D (fig. 1 og 2), på hvilke gitterkonstruktionen står, kippes eller svinges, indtil de med deres låseplan er beliggende i hovedsagen vinkelret på den midterste af deres tre stænger, 2. Låsepladerne 9 (fig. 4) fjernes - efter en 10 drejning på ca. 90° - fra leddene 2C.5 1. The five lower links 2D (Figs. 1 and 2) on which the lattice structure stands are tilted or pivoted until, with their locking plane, located substantially perpendicular to the middle of their three bars, 2. The locking plates 9 (Figs. 4) removed - after a 10 turn of approx. 90 ° - from joints 2C.
3. Det centrale led 2A (fig. 1 og 2) trækkes nedad, hvorved gitterkonstruktionens øvre pyramide vendes indad. Under dette og de efterfølgende sammenklapningstrin er først alle og senere i det mindste nogle af 15 stangenderne - på grund af den specielle udformning af leddene - endnu beliggende i en vinkel i et eller to planer. Dette betyder, at der på grund af den lette påvirkning respektive deformation, som optræder under indad-vendingen af den indadfoldede pyramide, vil frembringes 20 en tilstrækkelig friktion, så denne indadvending, dvs. sammenklapning, kan ske på en kontrolleret måde og ikke i form af et fuldstændigt sammenbrud af konstruktionen.3. The central link 2A (Figs. 1 and 2) is pulled downwardly, whereby the upper pyramid of the grid structure is turned inward. During this and the subsequent folding steps, first all and later at least some of the 15 rod ends - due to the special design of the joints - are still at an angle in one or two planes. This means that due to the slight impact, respectively, of the deformation occurring during the inward rotation of the inward-folding pyramid, sufficient friction will be produced so that this inward turn, i.e. collapse may occur in a controlled manner and not in the form of a complete collapse of the structure.
4. De øvrige pyramidespidser, der folder sig indad, vendes, idet de trykkes indad, hvorved der også her fore- 25 kommer en kontroleffekt.4. The other pyramid tips that fold inward are reversed as they are pressed inward, thereby providing a control effect here as well.
5. Den nu edderkoplignende, i hovedsagen sammenklappede konstruktion bringes derefter til at danne et bundt af praktisk taget parallelle stænger ved, at man skyder alle fem "edderkopben" i retning mod midten.5. The now spider-like, substantially collapsed construction is then formed to form a bundle of practically parallel bars by firing all five "spider legs" toward the center.
30 Som det vil fremgå af det foranstående, består et af hovedtrækkene ved konstruktionen ifølge opfindelsen i den specielle udformning af leddene med deres tilhørende indgrebs-, førings- og anslags- respektive stoporganer, som muliggør, at de pågældende ender af stængerne kan bi-35 bringes forskellige, nøje fastlagte frihedsgrader såvel i forhold til hinanden som i forhold til den centrale symmetriakse gennem de af leddene dannede toppunkter af gitterkonstruktionen, så den specielle vinkelstilling afAs will be apparent from the foregoing, one of the main features of the construction according to the invention consists in the special design of the joints with their associated engagement, guide and stop and stop means, respectively, which enable the respective ends of the rods to be supported. different degrees of freedom are determined, both relative to each other and to the central axis of symmetry, through the vertices of the joints formed by the joints, so that the special angular position of
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IL3402570 | 1970-03-08 | ||
| IL34025A IL34025A (en) | 1970-03-08 | 1970-03-08 | Collapsible reticular structures |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK145724B true DK145724B (en) | 1983-02-07 |
| DK145724C DK145724C (en) | 1983-07-25 |
Family
ID=11045290
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK77571A DK145724C (en) | 1970-03-08 | 1971-02-19 | COLLABLE THREE-DIMENSIONAL GRID CONSTRUCTION |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3766932A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5318815B1 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE763900A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA946576A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH545390A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2110157C3 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK145724C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES200793Y (en) |
| FI (1) | FI49448C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2081777B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1319385A (en) |
| IL (1) | IL34025A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7103048A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO130545C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE384239B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA71979B (en) |
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| US4296585A (en) * | 1978-05-30 | 1981-10-27 | Dante Bini | Permanent weather covers |
| AU6055880A (en) * | 1979-07-02 | 1981-02-03 | Brown, Angus John Duncan | Collapsible structure and method of erecting the same |
| EP0079876A1 (en) * | 1981-11-10 | 1983-05-25 | Philippe Lemoine | Joint connection of a plurality of metal tubes or rods |
| CA1178766A (en) * | 1982-02-25 | 1984-12-04 | Jacques B. Poirier | Modular type prefabricated housing system, and related manufacturing method |
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| US1846496A (en) * | 1929-01-02 | 1932-02-23 | Mills Samuel | Collapsible tent |
| DE681345C (en) * | 1935-03-09 | 1939-09-22 | Bengt Gustaf Eriksson | Tent with poles attached to a common head piece |
| FR901127A (en) * | 1943-09-06 | 1945-07-18 | Construction process | |
| US2572393A (en) * | 1945-11-07 | 1951-10-23 | Rosenfeld Nathan | Tent |
| FR1163809A (en) * | 1955-05-16 | 1958-10-01 | residential or passage elements or the like with a frame or removable frame, constructions formed by these elements, and method of assembly thereof | |
| FR1139181A (en) * | 1955-12-30 | 1957-06-26 | Folding tent frame | |
| FR1255315A (en) * | 1958-01-10 | 1961-03-10 | Camp tent and tent combinations | |
| GB836466A (en) * | 1959-02-20 | 1960-06-01 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Improvements in or relating to structural units |
| US3059658A (en) * | 1960-08-09 | 1962-10-23 | Gleason Reel Corp | Shelter framework |
| ES266801A1 (en) * | 1961-04-21 | 1961-11-01 | Perez Pinero Emilio | Three dimensional reticular structure |
| US3194360A (en) * | 1962-03-16 | 1965-07-13 | Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp | Structure |
| FR1406076A (en) * | 1964-06-03 | 1965-07-16 | Improvements to removable frames for camping tents and the like | |
| US3502091A (en) * | 1968-09-12 | 1970-03-24 | Wendel V Goltermann | Tent supporting frame |
-
1970
- 1970-03-08 IL IL34025A patent/IL34025A/en unknown
-
1971
- 1971-02-16 ZA ZA710979A patent/ZA71979B/en unknown
- 1971-02-18 FI FI710461A patent/FI49448C/en active
- 1971-02-19 DK DK77571A patent/DK145724C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-03-01 SE SE7102548A patent/SE384239B/en unknown
- 1971-03-03 CA CA106,795A patent/CA946576A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-03-03 DE DE2110157A patent/DE2110157C3/en not_active Expired
- 1971-03-04 US US00120913A patent/US3766932A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1971-03-04 NO NO822/71A patent/NO130545C/no unknown
- 1971-03-05 BE BE763900A patent/BE763900A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-03-05 FR FR7107836A patent/FR2081777B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-03-05 CH CH323971A patent/CH545390A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-03-06 ES ES1971200793U patent/ES200793Y/en not_active Expired
- 1971-03-06 JP JP1213171A patent/JPS5318815B1/ja active Pending
- 1971-03-08 NL NL7103048A patent/NL7103048A/xx unknown
- 1971-04-19 GB GB2203171A patent/GB1319385A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5318815B1 (en) | 1978-06-17 |
| CA946576A (en) | 1974-05-07 |
| DE2110157B2 (en) | 1978-05-24 |
| FR2081777A1 (en) | 1971-12-10 |
| DE2110157A1 (en) | 1971-11-18 |
| FI49448C (en) | 1975-06-10 |
| DK145724C (en) | 1983-07-25 |
| GB1319385A (en) | 1973-06-06 |
| SE384239B (en) | 1976-04-26 |
| FI49448B (en) | 1975-02-28 |
| ES200793U (en) | 1975-11-01 |
| ES200793Y (en) | 1976-02-16 |
| NL7103048A (en) | 1971-09-10 |
| NO130545B (en) | 1974-09-23 |
| BE763900A (en) | 1971-09-06 |
| FR2081777B1 (en) | 1973-12-07 |
| NO130545C (en) | 1975-01-08 |
| ZA71979B (en) | 1971-10-27 |
| IL34025A0 (en) | 1970-05-21 |
| US3766932A (en) | 1973-10-23 |
| DE2110157C3 (en) | 1979-01-11 |
| IL34025A (en) | 1971-04-28 |
| CH545390A (en) | 1973-12-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PBP | Patent lapsed |