DK144216B - Smoeremiddel - Google Patents

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DK144216B
DK144216B DK456472AA DK456472A DK144216B DK 144216 B DK144216 B DK 144216B DK 456472A A DK456472A A DK 456472AA DK 456472 A DK456472 A DK 456472A DK 144216 B DK144216 B DK 144216B
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thio
thiophthene
oxidation
lubricant
additives
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DK144216C (da
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E Rossi
S Fattori
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Snam Progetti
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D495/00Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D495/02Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D495/04Ortho-condensed systems
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M1/00Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
    • C10M1/08Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
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    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10Compounds containing silicon
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    • C10M2203/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/06Well-defined aromatic compounds
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    • C10M2205/00Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/282Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/34Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
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    • C10M2209/00Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
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    • C10M2219/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2219/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/102Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon only in the ring
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    • C10M2219/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
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    • C10M2219/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C10M2219/106Thiadiazoles
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    • C10M2223/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04Phosphate esters
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2223/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/042Metal salts thereof
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    • C10M2229/00Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/02Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2229/00Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/04Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/05Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

(19) DANMARK
§
(12) FREMLÆGGELSESSKRIFT <n> 1U4216B
DIREKTORATET FOR PATENT- OG VAREMÆRKEVÆSENET
(21) Ansøgning nr. 4564/72 (51) int.CI.3 C 10 Μ 1/38 (22) Indleveringsdag 15. sep. 1972 C 10 Μ 3/32 (24) Løbedag 1 5- S ep. 1972 (41) Aim. tilgængelig 17· tnar, 1973 (44) Fremlagt 1 8. jan. 1982 (86) international ansøgning nr. - (86) International indleveringsdag (85) Videreførelsesdag - (62) Stamansøgning nr. - (30) Prioritet 16. sep. 1971, 28711/71, IT (71) Ansøger SNAM PROGETTI S.P.A., Milano, IT.
(72) Opfinder Enzo Ros si, IT: Sil vano Pattor i, IT.
(74) Fuldmægtig Internationalt Patent-Bureau.
(54) Smøremiddel.
Opfindelsen angår et smøremiddel, som er oxidationshæmmet, på basis af mineralske og/eller syntetiske olier. Hæmningen opnås ved hjælp af et særligt additiv, som har vist sig meget fordelagtigt i forhold til de normalt anvendte.
Det er velkendt, at de i moderne maskiner udviklede høje temperaturer bevirker oxidation af smøremidler med dannelse af sure produkter, som forårsager korrosion af de metalflader, som produkterne kommer i kontakt med. m Yderligere aflejres disse oxidationsprodukter enten som begprodukter eller 10 fernis- eller lakprodukter på metaloverfladerne på en sådan måde, at maskinens *— effektivitet formindskes.
For i så høj grad som muligt at undgå disse uønskede virkninger ved smøre-r- midlerne tilsættes de såkaldte antioxidantadditiver, såsom sterisk hindrede phenoler, aromatiske aminer, alkylphenolsulfider, calcium-, barium- og aluminiumdialkylphos-
Q
2 144216 phater og adskillige andre.
Imidlertid undgås oxidation herved faktisk ikke på tilfredsstillende måde. Med den foreliggende opfindelse tilsigtes derfor tilvejebragt additiver, som er oxidationshæmmere for en stor mængde produkter, såsom smøremidler indeholdende mineralske olier opnået ud fra forskellige råmaterialer, raffineret ved hjælp af syrer eller opløsningsmidler eller stammende fra hydrokrakning, hvilke additiver også egner sig til hæmning af oxidation i smøremidler indeholdende syntetiske stoffer, såsom syntetiske carbonhydrider, syntetiske estere, silikoner, hydrogenerede polyolefiner , polyalkylenoxider, alkylbenzener, phosphorsyreestere og andre.
Det har nu vist sig, at dette kan opnås ved hjælp af de nedenfor definerede thio-thiophthen-derivater, som kan bibringe smøremidlerne en oxidationsmodstandsdygtighed, som er absolut bedre end den ved hjælp af andre kendte oxidationsinhibitorer opnåede.
I overensstemmelse hermed er smøremidlet ifølge opfindelsen ejendommeligt ved, at man ved en temperatur på under 80°C i smøremiddelolien har opløst et thio-thiophthen-derivat med den almene formel
6 S- S - SI
'2 ‘3
R R
hvor R og R1 er ens eller forskellige og hver betegner et hydrogenatom eller en 2 alkyl-, cycloalkyl-, aryl-, alkylaryl-, alkoxyaryl- eller arylalkylgruppe, og R og R3 er ens eller forskellige og hver betegner et hydrogenatom eller en alkyl-, cycloalkyl-, aryl-, alkylaryl-, alkoxyaryl- eller arylalkylgruppe eller er lige-kædede alkylengrupper, som er sammenknyttet over grupperne ^CH-CH3 eller -CH2~.
Sådanne antioxidantadditiver opløses ved opvarmning i smørevæsken til en temperatur på ikke mere end 70-80°C.
Mængden af anvendt thio-thiophthen-derivat afhænger af forskellige faktorer, såsom beskaffenheden af smøremidlet og tilstedeværelse af andre additiver.
Anvendelse af disse additiver er særlig fordelagtig, idet de er effektive også i meget lave koncentrationer på ca. 0,01% eller mindre. Normalt anvendes thio-thiophthen-derivaterne i koncentrationer i området fra 0,001% til 10% efter vægt og fortrinsvis fra 0,01% til 5% efter vægt.
Smøremidler indeholdende antioxidanterne ifølge opfindelsen kan yderligere indeholde forskellige andre typer normalt anvendte additiver, såsom detergenter, dispegeringsmidler, korrosionsbæmmereog antirustmidler, viskositetsindeksforbedringsmidler, slanhæmmere, flydepunktsformindskende midler og også andre antioxidanter i tilfælde, hvor det er ønskværdigt at forbedre oxidationshæmningen af materialer, 1M216 3 som allerede indeholder antioxidanter.
Fremstillingen af thio-thiophthenderivater ifølge opfindelsen er velkendt for de sagkyndige. F.eks. anvendes fremgangsmåder beskrevet af F. Arndt et alii (Chem. Ber. 1925, 58, 1633) og af M. Stawaux og N. Lozach (Bull. Soc. Chim. France, 1967, 2082).
Fremstillingsmetoden består i, at man lader P^,. indvirke på en 1,3,5-tri-keton med formlen 0 0 0 *' iTV e1
1 2 3 “ E
hvor R, R , R og R har den ovenfor angivne betydning, normalt opløst i et aromatisk opløsningsmiddel.
Reaktionsmassen behandles med vandig NaOH, og fra den organiske fase adskilles det ønskede produkt som krystalliseres.
Antioxidanterne ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse, som benævnes thio-thiophthen-derivater,kan også benævnes trithio-l,5,6-S^-pentalener.
Opfindelsen forklares nærmere ved hjælp af følgende eksempler.
Eksempel 1
Til en treha Iset kolbe forsynet med omrører og svaler blev sat 10 g di-l-methyl-5-p-methoxyphenyl-l,3,5,-triketon opløst i 1000 ml benzen, og 20 g P2S^. blev tilsat. Der blev kogt i 2 timer. Efter afkøling blev tilsat en koncentreret opløsning af NaOH, og der blev omrørt i ca. 15 minutter. Derpå blev benzenfasen skilt fra. Resten blev ekstraheret to gange til med benzen. Benzenekstrakterne blev samlet, vasket med ^0 og koncentreret ved fordampning af benzen.
Man fik en rødbrun rest.
Ved omkrystallisation med ethylacetat fik man krystaller med smp. 219— 220°C (observeret 221°G). Det for beregnede svovlindhold var 34,30%.
Ved analyse fandt man 33,9% svovl.
Eksempel 2
Til vurdering af antioxideringsegenskaberne af thio-thiophthen-derivaterne i smøremidler udførtes nogle prøver med oxygenabsorption. Prøverne blev udført i et apparat af den af G. Miliotis et al (Bull. Soc. Chim. France, 1969; 847) beskrevne type og bestod i bestemmelse af oxidationsinduktionsperioden for et produkt, som blev omrørt stærkt i en reaktor forsynet med en termostat. Reaktoren, fyldt med oxygen, blev forbundet med en inddelt gasburette, som også var fyldt med oxygen. En differential måler angav oxygenabsorptionen.
Prøverne blev udført ved 160 - 2°C på 10 ml olieprøver ved anvendelse af 4 m 216 en katalysator af kobberpulver i en mængde på 50 mg.
Produkterne ifølge opfindelsen blev opløst i paraffinsk mineralolie med 30 SAE viskositet.
Resultaterne er angivet i tabel 1.
Tabel 1
Prøve nr. Additiv Koncentration Induktions- _____ _ mol/liter periode/minutfer 1 ingen - 14 -2 2 2,6-di-trbutyl-4-methyl-phenol 10 270 3 2-methyl-5-p-methoxyphenyl- thio- thiophthen 10 638 4 2,5-di-p-methoxyphenyl-3- _2 phenyl-thio-thiophthen 10 662
Eksempel 3
Med det i eksempel 2 beskrevne apparat og den i eksempel 2 beskrevne fremgangsmåde gav additiverne ifølge opfindelsen opløst i octyltrimethyladipat de i tabel 2 angivne resultater.
Tabel 2
Prøve nr. Additiv Koncentration Induktionsperiode _ _______ mol/liter minutter___ 1 ingen - 4 -3 2 phenyl-a-naphthylamin 3,5.10 124 3 2-methyl-5-p-methoxyphenyl- thio-thiophthen 3,5.10 148 4 2,5-di-p-methoxyphenyl-3- phenyl-thio-thiophthen 3,5.10 256 5 2,5-diphenyl-thio-thio- _~ phthen 3,5.10 220 6 2,5~di-p-methoxyphenyl-3,4- di-phenyl-thio-thiophthen 3,5.10 197 7 2,5-di-phenyl-3,4-trimethylen- thio-thiophthen 3,5.10 345
Thio-thiophthen-derivaterne kan med fordel anvendes i olier til maskiner og gear, i forskellige hydrauliske væsker og almindelige transmissionsvæsker, i industridie og marine olier.
Det kan af tabel 1 og 2 ses, at forbindelserne ifølge opfindelsen er betydeligt bedre end velkendte kommercielle antioxidanter såsom 2,6-di-t.-butyl- 4-methyl-phenol og phenyl-a-naphthylamin.
DK456472A 1971-09-16 1972-09-15 Smoeremiddel DK144216C (da)

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IT2871171 1971-09-16
IT2871171 1971-09-16

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JP (1) JPS5233122B2 (da)
AT (1) AT320832B (da)
AU (1) AU471053B2 (da)
BE (1) BE788424A (da)
CA (1) CA1001148A (da)
CH (1) CH559769A5 (da)
CS (1) CS174838B2 (da)
DD (1) DD103013A5 (da)
DE (1) DE2242637C3 (da)
DK (1) DK144216C (da)
ES (1) ES406882A1 (da)
FR (1) FR2154460B1 (da)
GB (1) GB1385950A (da)
HU (1) HU171954B (da)
LU (1) LU66066A1 (da)
NL (1) NL161810C (da)
PL (1) PL71128B1 (da)

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JPS5214587A (en) * 1975-07-25 1977-02-03 Citizen Watch Co Ltd Continuous delivery mechanism of the device for foring vacuum coatings
JPS54123616U (da) * 1978-02-17 1979-08-29
JPS5980466U (ja) * 1982-11-20 1984-05-31 ティーディーケイ株式会社 蒸着装置
US4822506A (en) * 1986-11-12 1989-04-18 Ciba-Geigy Corporation Lubricant additives containing sulfur
US4777307A (en) * 1987-12-14 1988-10-11 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Method for improving the oxidation stability of refined hydrocarbon oils

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AU4564072A (en) 1974-02-21
JPS5233122B2 (da) 1977-08-26
CH559769A5 (da) 1975-03-14
ES406882A1 (es) 1975-10-01
DK144216C (da) 1982-06-14
PL71128B1 (da) 1974-04-30
GB1385950A (en) 1975-03-05
CS174838B2 (en) 1977-04-29
DE2242637A1 (de) 1973-03-29
LU66066A1 (da) 1973-04-13
US3816312A (en) 1974-06-11
SU442604A3 (ru) 1974-09-05
FR2154460B1 (da) 1974-08-30
JPS4838306A (da) 1973-06-06
HU171954B (hu) 1978-04-28
FR2154460A1 (da) 1973-05-11
AT320832B (de) 1975-02-25
CA1001148A (en) 1976-12-07
AU471053B2 (en) 1976-04-08
NL161810B (nl) 1979-10-15
NL7211982A (da) 1973-03-20
DE2242637C3 (de) 1975-08-21
DE2242637B2 (de) 1975-01-16
DD103013A5 (da) 1974-01-05
BE788424A (fr) 1973-01-02
NL161810C (nl) 1980-03-17

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