DE930248C - Self-igniting, air-compressing internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Self-igniting, air-compressing internal combustion engineInfo
- Publication number
- DE930248C DE930248C DEM17282A DEM0017282A DE930248C DE 930248 C DE930248 C DE 930248C DE M17282 A DEM17282 A DE M17282A DE M0017282 A DEM0017282 A DE M0017282A DE 930248 C DE930248 C DE 930248C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- air
- igniting
- self
- piston
- internal combustion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0675—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston the combustion space being substantially spherical, hemispherical, ellipsoid or parabolic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0672—Omega-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder center axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0678—Unconventional, complex or non-rotationally symmetrical shapes of the combustion space, e.g. flower like, having special shapes related to the orientation of the fuel spray jets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
- F02B23/0648—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition
- F02B23/0651—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition the fuel spray impinging on reflecting surfaces or being specially guided throughout the combustion space
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
Selbstzündende, luftverdichtende Brennkraftmaschine Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf selbstzündende, luftverdichtende Brennkraftmaschinen, bei welchen am Ende des Verdichtungshubes praktisch die gesamte Verbrennungsluft von einem im Kolben vorgesehenen Raum aufgenommen wird.Self-igniting, air-compressing internal combustion engine The invention refers to self-igniting, air-compressing internal combustion engines in which at the end of the compression stroke practically all of the combustion air from one im Piston provided space is added.
Es ist bekannt, Brennräume im Kolben von Brennkraftmaschinen derart anzuordnen, daß in dem zentrisch zur Zylinderachse liegenden Brennraum ein schraubenförmiger Doppelwirbel entsteht, wobei die Verbrennungsluft außen absteigt und innen aufsteigt. Dieses Verfahren setzt voraus, daß die Achse der Einspritzdüse mit der Zylindermittelachse zusammenfällt. Für kleine schnell laufende Motoren verursacht diese Forderung ein erhebliches Hindernis für eine zweckmäßige Konstruktion des Zylinderkopfes, da sich bei dieser Düsenlage keine genügend großen Ventilquerschnitte unterbringen lassen. Man ist bei Schnellläufern gezwungen, um die Ventile unterzubringen, die Düse schräg mit etwas seitlich von der Zylindermitte liegender Öffnung anzuordnen, auch um die Zugänglichkeit der Düse ohne Abnehmen der Zylinderkopfhaube zu ermöglichen. Des weiteren ist eine Ausführung eines Brennraumes bekanntgeworden, welche auf der Oberseite des Arbeitskolbens eine Anzahl Mulden vorsieht, welche untereinander durch enge Kanäle verbunden sind. Die Mulden und die Kanäle sind nach oben offen. Diese Ausführung, die bisher nur in Verbindung mit mittiger oder zumindest senkrechter Düsenlage bekanntgeworden ist, besitzt den obenerwähnten Nachteil, wozu noch die nachteilige Erscheinung hinzu kommt, daß die gewünschte Luftbewegung zwischen den Mulden nur dann eintritt, wenn der Kolben sehr nahe am Totpunkt steht. Die entstehende Luftbewegung reicht bei schnell laufenden Motoren nicht aus, um Brennstoff und Luft innig genug miteinander .zu vermischen, da die Luft nur «nährend eines sehr kleinen Teiles des Kolbenhubes genügend von allen Seiten geführt ist, um den gewünschten Weg zu nehmen.It is known to have combustion chambers in the piston of internal combustion engines in this way to arrange that a helical one in the combustion chamber located centrally to the cylinder axis Double eddies are created, whereby the combustion air descends on the outside and rises on the inside. This method assumes that the axis of the injector coincides with the cylinder center axis coincides. For small, high-speed engines, this causes a requirement significant obstacle to a suitable design of the cylinder head, since Do not allow sufficiently large valve cross-sections to be accommodated in this nozzle position. In the case of high-speed runners, in order to accommodate the valves, one is forced to tilt the nozzle to be arranged with an opening slightly to the side of the cylinder center, also around the To enable access to the nozzle without removing the cylinder head cover. Of Another embodiment of a combustion chamber has become known, which is on the top of the working piston provides a number of troughs, which one below the other through narrow Channels are connected. The troughs and the channels are open at the top. This execution, which so far only become known in connection with a central or at least vertical nozzle position has the disadvantage mentioned above, plus the disadvantageous appearance comes that the desired air movement between the troughs occurs only when the Piston is very close to dead center. The resulting air movement is not enough for high-speed engines to get enough fuel and air to mix with one another, since the air only feeds a very small part of the air Piston stroke is guided enough from all sides to take the desired path.
Ferner weist diese bekannte Bauart noch den Nachteil auf, daß einige Teilkammern durch Wände, welche vom Boden der Brennkammer bis zum oberen Kolbenrand durchgehen, von dem Teil abgetrennt sind, in welchen die Brennstoffeinspritzung erfolgt, so daß ein Teil der durch die besondere Gestaltung des Brennraumes absichtlich erzeugten Luftwirbel nur sehr unvollkommen zur Bildung des Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches beiträgt.Furthermore, this known type still has the disadvantage that some Partial chambers by walls which extend from the bottom of the combustion chamber to the upper edge of the piston go through, are separated from the part in which the fuel injection takes place so that part of the by the special design of the combustion chamber is intentional generated air vortices only very imperfectly for the formation of the fuel-air mixture contributes.
Auch ist es bereits bekannt, im Kolben von Verbrennungskraftmaschinen kugelige oder walzenförmige Verbrennungsräume anzuordnen, die durch einen Umlenkwulst voneinander getrennt sind. In diesen Verbrennungsräumen bilden sich Wirbel, deren Drehachsen parallel sind und deren Strömungsrichtung beim Zusammentreffen in Brennraummitte nicht wesentlich voneinander abweicht. Diese Erscheinungen bringen es mit sich, daß ein Höchstmaß an Durchwirbelung von Brennstoff und Verbrennungsluft auch bei diesen bekannten Bauformen bisher noch nicht erreicht wurde.It is also already known in the piston of internal combustion engines To arrange spherical or cylindrical combustion chambers through a deflecting bead are separated from each other. In these combustion chambers vortices form, their The axes of rotation are parallel and their direction of flow when they meet in the middle of the combustion chamber do not differ significantly from each other. These appearances bring with them that a maximum of turbulence of fuel and combustion air also with these known designs has not yet been achieved.
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, zu einem solchen Höchstmaß auch bei schnell laufenden Maschinen zu gelangen und den Verbrennungsraum im Kolben so zu gestalten, daß als Voraussetzung hierzu mehrere Wirbel in der Brennraummitte zusammentreffen, wobei die Strömungsrichtungen der Teilstöße teilweise entgegengesetzt sind oder senkrecht zueinander verlaufen. Erfindungsgemäß wird dies durch einen aus mehreren Teilräumen bestehenden Kolbenbrennraum erzielt, der mit der Einspritzdüse eine gemeinsame Symmetrieebene besitzt und dessen besonderes Merkmal darin besteht, daß er aus einer schalenförmigen Mulde, welche einen in der gemeinsamen Symmetrieebene mit der Einspritzdüse sich erstreckenden Ablenkwulst sowie an der Kolbenstirnfläche eine elliptische überströmöffnung aufweist, deren große Achse mit der genannten Symmetrieebene zusammenfällt, und aus zwei weiteren Räumen zusammengesetzt ist, die -in Form von Rotationskörpern, vorzugsweise Ellipsoiden mit beiderseits der Symmetrieebene parallel zu letzterer liegenden Achsen - Raumfortsätze an der schalenförmigen Mulde bilden.It is the object of the invention to also contribute to such a maximum fast running machines and the combustion chamber in the piston so too shape so that several eddies meet in the middle of the combustion chamber as a prerequisite for this, wherein the flow directions of the partial thrusts are partially opposite or run perpendicular to each other. According to the invention, this is achieved by one of several Achieved partial spaces existing piston combustion chamber, which is shared with the injection nozzle Has a plane of symmetry and its special feature is that it consists of a cup-shaped trough, which is in the common plane of symmetry with the injection nozzle extending deflecting bead and an elliptical overflow opening on the piston face has, the major axis of which coincides with the said plane of symmetry, and is composed of two further rooms, which - in the form of bodies of revolution, preferably ellipsoids with both sides of the plane of symmetry parallel to the latter lying axes - form spatial extensions on the bowl-shaped hollow.
Mit einem Kolbenbrennraum von solcher zusammengesetzter Formgebung wird eine äußerst intensive Durchwirbelung von Brennstoff und Verbrennungsluft erreicht, nachdem der Brennstoffstrahl aus der Einspritzdüse auf die Stelle des Zusammentreffens der verschiedenen Luftwirbel in der Brennraummitte gerichtet werden kann. Auch wird eine sichere Führung der Verbrennungsluft im Brennraum weitgehend unabhängig von der Kolbenstellung erreicht. Dabei ist es möglich, eine für die Gestaltung des Zylinderkopfes günstige Schräglage der Einspritzdüse zu wählen sowie alle drosselnden überströmöffnungen zu vermeiden, welche insbesondere bei schnell laufenden Maschinen die Wirbelarbeit und damit den Brennstoffverbrauch erhöhen sowie eine unerwünschte Erwärmung des Kolbens begünstigen. Die zentrische Lage des Verbrennungsraumes, welche durch seine symmetrische Formgestaltung ermöglicht ist, verhindert eine einseitige, zu Deformationen Anlaß gebende Erwärmung des Kolbens, und schließlich erlaubt die erzielte intensive Luftwirbelung die vorteilhafte Verwendung von normalen Einlochzapfendüsen und-mäßigen Einspritzdrücken.With a piston combustion chamber of such a composite shape an extremely intensive swirling of fuel and combustion air is achieved, after the jet of fuel from the injector to the point of meeting the various air vortices in the middle of the combustion chamber can be directed. Also will a safe guidance of the combustion air in the combustion chamber largely independent of the piston position is reached. It is possible to use one for the design of the cylinder head Choose a favorable incline of the injection nozzle as well as all throttling overflow openings to avoid which, especially with fast running machines, the vortex work and thus increase fuel consumption and undesirable heating of the Favor piston. The central position of the combustion chamber, which is determined by its symmetrical shape design is enabled, prevents one-sided deformation Prompt heating of the piston, and finally the achieved intense Air turbulence the beneficial use of normal single-hole pin nozzles and moderate Injection pressures.
In der Zeichnung ist ein Brennkraftmaschinenkolben mit erfindungsgemäß gestaltetem Brennraum in verschiedenen Schnitten sowie in der Draufsicht schematisch dargestellt.In the drawing, an internal combustion engine piston is according to the invention designed combustion chamber in different sections and schematically in plan view shown.
Der im Kolben i vorgesehene Brennraum besteht zunächst aus einer schalenförmigen Mulde 3, welche, in gemeinsamer Symmetrieebene mit der Einspritzdüse 5 sich erstreckend, einen Ablenkwulst 7 von Sichelform besitzt. Die Mulde 3 endet an der Stirnseite des Kolbens i in einer elliptischen Überströmöffnung g, deren große Achse mit der genannten Symmetrieebene zusammenfällt. An die beiden Längswände der Mulde 3 schließen sich in der aus der Zeichnung ersichtlichen Weise Räume ii und 13 an, welche die Form von Rotationskörpern, vorzugsweise Ellipsoiden mit parallel zur gemeinsamen Symmetrieebene liegenden Achsen, besitzen.The combustion chamber provided in piston i initially consists of a shell-shaped one Trough 3, which, in a common plane of symmetry with the injection nozzle 5, extends, has a deflecting bead 7 of sickle shape. The trough 3 ends at the front of the piston i in an elliptical overflow opening g, whose major axis coincides with the mentioned plane of symmetry coincides. Close to the two long walls of the trough 3 in the manner shown in the drawing to rooms ii and 13, which the Shape of bodies of revolution, preferably ellipsoids with parallel to the common Axes lying in the plane of symmetry.
Beim Verdichtungshub des Kolbens wird ein Teil der Verbrennungsluft in der schalenförmigen Mulde 3 gemäß den in Fig. 2 eingezeichneten Pfeilen 15 und 17 abgelenkt. Ein anderer Teil wird mittels des Wulstes 7 in Richtung der aus Fig. i ersichtlichen Pfeile i9 und 2i in die Taschen ii und 13 abgelenkt, und alle diese verschiedenen Teilströme 15 bis 21 treffen sich bei 23 ungefähr in der Brennraummitte, auf welche Stelle auch der Einspritzstrahl 25 der Düse 5 gerichtet ist.During the compression stroke of the piston, part of the combustion air is released in the bowl-shaped trough 3 according to the arrows 15 and 15 shown in FIG 17 distracted. Another part is by means of the bead 7 in the direction of Fig. i visible arrows i9 and 2i deflected into pockets ii and 13, and all of these different partial flows 15 to 21 meet at 23 approximately in the middle of the combustion chamber, at which point the injection jet 25 of the nozzle 5 is also directed.
Die Folge dieser beschriebenen Strömungs- und Spritzvorgänge ist eine bisher nicht erreichte Intensität der Durchwirbelung der Verbrennungsluft und des Brennstoffes und damit ein verbesserter Verbrennungsvorgang.The consequence of these described flow and spray processes is one previously unattained intensity of the swirling of the combustion air and the Fuel and thus an improved combustion process.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEM17282A DE930248C (en) | 1953-02-08 | 1953-02-08 | Self-igniting, air-compressing internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEM17282A DE930248C (en) | 1953-02-08 | 1953-02-08 | Self-igniting, air-compressing internal combustion engine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE930248C true DE930248C (en) | 1955-07-14 |
Family
ID=7297415
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEM17282A Expired DE930248C (en) | 1953-02-08 | 1953-02-08 | Self-igniting, air-compressing internal combustion engine |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE930248C (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1006665B (en) * | 1954-12-18 | 1957-04-18 | Motorenwerke Mannheim A G Vorm | Air-compressing internal combustion engine |
DE1014782B (en) * | 1956-01-20 | 1957-08-29 | Motorenfabrik Muenchen Sendlin | Diesel engine |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE631134C (en) * | 1933-05-03 | 1936-06-13 | Werke Kiel Akt Ges Deutsche | Injection internal combustion engine |
DE696077C (en) * | 1937-04-23 | 1940-09-10 | Saurer Ag Adolph | Injection internal combustion engine with air charge rotating around the cylinder axis |
-
1953
- 1953-02-08 DE DEM17282A patent/DE930248C/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE631134C (en) * | 1933-05-03 | 1936-06-13 | Werke Kiel Akt Ges Deutsche | Injection internal combustion engine |
DE696077C (en) * | 1937-04-23 | 1940-09-10 | Saurer Ag Adolph | Injection internal combustion engine with air charge rotating around the cylinder axis |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1006665B (en) * | 1954-12-18 | 1957-04-18 | Motorenwerke Mannheim A G Vorm | Air-compressing internal combustion engine |
DE1014782B (en) * | 1956-01-20 | 1957-08-29 | Motorenfabrik Muenchen Sendlin | Diesel engine |
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