DE9100548U1 - Device for controlling immersion depths in liquids - Google Patents

Device for controlling immersion depths in liquids

Info

Publication number
DE9100548U1
DE9100548U1 DE9100548U DE9100548U DE9100548U1 DE 9100548 U1 DE9100548 U1 DE 9100548U1 DE 9100548 U DE9100548 U DE 9100548U DE 9100548 U DE9100548 U DE 9100548U DE 9100548 U1 DE9100548 U1 DE 9100548U1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
emptying
filling pipe
liquids
filling
base electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
DE9100548U
Other languages
German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KAMPFRATH GERIT DR
SEIDEL HANS-HERMANN DR 8960 KEMPTEN DE
Original Assignee
KAMPFRATH GERIT DR
SEIDEL HANS-HERMANN DR 8960 KEMPTEN DE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KAMPFRATH GERIT DR, SEIDEL HANS-HERMANN DR 8960 KEMPTEN DE filed Critical KAMPFRATH GERIT DR
Priority to DE9100548U priority Critical patent/DE9100548U1/en
Publication of DE9100548U1 publication Critical patent/DE9100548U1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67C—CLEANING, FILLING WITH LIQUIDS OR SEMILIQUIDS, OR EMPTYING, OF BOTTLES, JARS, CANS, CASKS, BARRELS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; FUNNELS
    • B67C3/00—Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus; Filling casks or barrels with liquids or semiliquids
    • B67C3/02—Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus
    • B67C3/20—Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus with provision for metering the liquids to be introduced, e.g. when adding syrups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
    • B01L3/021—Pipettes, i.e. with only one conduit for withdrawing and redistributing liquids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/24—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid
    • G01F23/241—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid for discrete levels
    • G01F23/242—Mounting arrangements for electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
    • G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
    • G01F23/265—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors for discrete levels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
    • G01F23/263—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors
    • G01F23/268—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields by measuring variations in capacitance of capacitors mounting arrangements of probes

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Description

Dr. Gerit Kampfrath/ Dr. Hans-Hermann Seidel
Neuhauser Weg 114
8960 KemptenDr. Gerit Kampfrath/ Dr. Hans-Hermann Seidel
Neuhauser Weg 114
8960 Kempten

Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle von Eintauchtiefen In FlüssigkeitenDevice for controlling immersion depths in liquids

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Häufig werden zur Automatisierung von Befüilungen, z.B. bei Flaschen und Entnahmeprozessen von Flüssigkeiten, z.B. zur Probenentnahme in automatischen Analysengeräten, kontrollierte Eintauchtiefen von Saug- und Befüllungsvorrichtungen benötigt. Rein mechanische· Vorrichtungen mit Schwimmern sind sehr störanfällig und in kleinen Entnahmesystemen aus Platzgründen nicht anwendbar. Bekannt geworden sind auch Vorrichtungen mit elektrischen Kontakten, deren Verwendbarkeit allerdings auf elektrisch leitfähige Flüssigkeiten Begrenzt ist und der elektrische Kontakt nachteilig ungescRUtzt der Korrosion ausgesetzt ist. Vorrichtungen mit Lichtschranken sind aus Platzgründen nicht überall anbringbar und sind insbesondere bei Flüssigkeiten mit wechselnder oder geringer Lichtdurchlässigkeit nicht zu verwenden.Controlled immersion depths of suction and filling devices are often required for the automation of filling processes, e.g. for bottles and liquid extraction processes, e.g. for sampling in automatic analysis devices. Purely mechanical devices with floats are very susceptible to failure and cannot be used in small extraction systems due to space constraints. Devices with electrical contacts have also become known, although their use is limited to electrically conductive liquids and the electrical contact is disadvantageously exposed to corrosion if unprotected. Devices with light barriers cannot be installed everywhere due to space constraints and should not be used in particular with liquids with varying or low light transmittance.

AufgabeTask

Der im Anspruch 1 angebenen Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle von Eintauchtiefen in Flüssigkeiten zu schaffen, die unabhängig von der Art der Flüssigkeit undjrei yon metallischen elektrischen Kontakten arbeitet.The invention specified in claim 1 is based on the object of creating a device for controlling immersion depths in liquids, which operates independently of the type of liquid and without metallic electrical contacts.

VorteileAdvantages

Mit der Erfindung wird erreicht, daß die Eintauchtiefe von Entnahme- und Befüllungsvorrichtungen von Flüssigkeiten unabhängig von der Art und Eigenschaften der Füssigkeit elektrisch kontaktlos sicher kontrolliert werden kann.The invention ensures that the immersion depth of liquid removal and filling devices can be safely controlled electrically and contactlessly, regardless of the type and properties of the liquid.

Die Vorrichtung kann ohne wesentlich zusätzlichen Platzbedarf an der Entnahme- bzw. Befüllungsvorrichtung angebracht werden, so daß sie auch in sehr kleinen Entnahnme- und Befüllungsvorrichtungen angeordnet werden kann.The device can be attached to the removal or filling device without requiring any significant additional space, so that it can also be arranged in very small removal and filling devices.

Weiterbildung der ErfindungFurther development of the invention

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind in den Ansprüchen 2 bis 7 angegeben.Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in claims 2 to 7.

Die Weiterbildung nach Anspruch 2 gestattet die gleichzeitige Verwendung des Entleerungs-bzw. BefUllungsrohres als Grundelektrode.The further development according to claim 2 allows the simultaneous use of the emptying or filling pipe as a base electrode.

Für elektrisch nichtleitende Entleerungs- bzw. Befüllungsrohre ist die Ausgestaltung nach Anspruch 3 geeignet.The design according to claim 3 is suitable for electrically non-conductive emptying or filling pipes.

Die Weiterbildung nach Anspruch 4 erlaubt die Erfassung mehrerer Eintauchniveaus des Entleerungsrohres bzw. mehrere Befüllungsniveaus des BefUllungsrohres.The further development according to claim 4 allows the detection of several immersion levels of the emptying pipe or several filling levels of the filling pipe.

Eine günstige Registrierung der Eintauchtiefe des Entleerungs- bzw. Befüllungsrohres bei hochviskosen Flüssigkeiten oder auftretender Betauung erlaubt die Ausgestaltung nach Anspruch 5.A favorable registration of the immersion depth of the emptying or filling pipe in the case of highly viscous liquids or condensation is permitted by the design according to claim 5.

Die Ausgestaltung nach Anspruch 6 gestattet eine besonders störsichere und von Alterungs- und Driftvorgängen weitgehend unabhängige Kontrolle der Eintauchtiefe bzw. der BefUllungshöhe, auch bei sich in Art und Eigenschaften ständig ändernden Flüssigkeiten.The design according to claim 6 allows a particularly interference-free control of the immersion depth or the filling level that is largely independent of aging and drift processes, even with liquids that are constantly changing in type and properties.

Insbesondere bei sehr haftfähigen Flüssigkeiten bewirkt eine nach Anspruch 7 zusätzlich auf den äußeren Mantel aufgebrachte haftmindernde Schicht eine Erhöhung der Meßsicherheit.Particularly in the case of very adhesive liquids, an additional adhesion-reducing layer applied to the outer casing according to claim 7 increases the measurement reliability.

Darstellung der ErfindungDescription of the invention

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden anhand der Figur 1 bis 5 erläutert. Es zeigen: Embodiments of the invention are explained using Figures 1 to 5. They show:

Fig. 1 die Kontollvorrichtung mit unmittelbar auf dem Entleerungs- bzw. Befüllungsrohr aufgebrachter Meßelektrode,Fig. 1 the control device with measuring electrode directly attached to the emptying or filling pipe,

Fig. 2 die Kontrollvorrichtung mit zusätzlich aufgebrachter Grundelektrode bei Verwendung eines elektrisch nichtleitenden Entleerungs- bzw. Befüllungsrohres,Fig. 2 the control device with an additional base electrode when using an electrically non-conductive emptying or filling pipe,

Fig. 3 die Kontrollvorrichtung mit zusätzlich aufgebrachter Referenz-Meßelektrode,Fig. 3 the control device with additionally applied reference measuring electrode,

Fig. 4 die Verbindung der Meßelektrode mit einer elektronischen Auswerteschaltung zur Impedanz-/Spannungs- bzw. Impedanz-/Impulswandlung,Fig. 4 the connection of the measuring electrode with an electronic evaluation circuit for impedance/voltage or impedance/pulse conversion,

In Fig. 1 ist mit 1 das metallische ,EnJJeerungs- oder Befüllungsrohr bezeichnet, das gleichzeitig die Grundelektrode bildet und von einer elektrischen Isolation 2 umgeben wird. Auf dieser elektrischen Isolation 2 befindet sich die Meßelektrode 3 mit dem elektrischen Anschlußdraht 4. Die gesamte Meßelektrode 3 wird vom Kunststoffmantel 5 umschlossen.In Fig. 1, 1 designates the metallic emptying or filling tube, which simultaneously forms the base electrode and is surrounded by an electrical insulation 2. The measuring electrode 3 with the electrical connecting wire 4 is located on this electrical insulation 2. The entire measuring electrode 3 is enclosed by the plastic sheath 5.

In Fig. 2 ist mit 6 das elektisch nichtleitende Entleerungs- bzw. Befüllungsrohr bezeichnet, auf dem sich die Meßelektrode 3 und die Grundelektrode 7 befinden, an der sich deren Anschlußdraht 8 befindet. Die Elektroden 3 und 7 sind nach außen durch den Kunststoffmantel 5 isoliert.In Fig. 2, 6 denotes the electrically non-conductive emptying or filling pipe on which the measuring electrode 3 and the base electrode 7 are located, to which their connecting wire 8 is located. The electrodes 3 and 7 are insulated from the outside by the plastic sheath 5.

In Fig. 3 ist mit 9 eine Referenz-Meßelektrode bezeichnet, die mit dem Anschlußdraht 10 verbunden ist.In Fig. 3, 9 denotes a reference measuring electrode which is connected to the connecting wire 10.

In Fig. 4 ist der elektrische Anschtußdraht 4 und der Grundelektrode 1 oder 8 mit einer elektronischen Auswerteschaltung 11 verbunden, die die beim Erreichen der Meßelektrode 3 durch das Flüssigkeitsniveau auftretende ln3fl{i})fe|[;7anflpr"n fl '" eine Gleichspannungs- oder Impulslängenänderung umwandelt, die am Anschluß 13 abgegriffen werden kann.In Fig. 4, the electrical connecting wire 4 and the base electrode 1 or 8 are connected to an electronic evaluation circuit 11 which converts the ln 3 fl {i} ) fe| [;7 anflpr " n fl '" occurring when the liquid level reaches the measuring electrode 3 into a direct voltage or pulse length change which can be tapped at the connection 13.

— &igr; ——&igr;—

Claims (7)

AnsprücheExpectations 1. Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle von Eintauchtiefen in Flüssigkeiten bei Entleerungs- oder Befüllungsanlagen. dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich eine mit einer elektronischen Auswerteschaltung (11) Verbundene Grundelektrode (1, 7) und Meßelektrode (3) unmittelbar auf dem Entleerungs- oder Befüllungsrohr (1, 6) befinden und daß die Grundelektrode (1, 7) und die Meßelektrode (3) elektrisch isoliert von der zu kontrollierenden Flüssigkeit durch einen Kunststoffmantel (5) sind.1. Device for controlling immersion depths in liquids in emptying or filling systems. characterized in that a base electrode (1, 7) and a measuring electrode (3) connected to an electronic evaluation circuit (11) are located directly on the emptying or filling pipe (1, 6) and that the base electrode (1, 7) and the measuring electrode (3) are electrically insulated from the liquid to be controlled by a plastic sheath (5). 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Grundelektrode (1) gleichzeitig das metallische, elektrisch leitende Entleerungs- und Befüllungsrohr (1) ist.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the base electrode (1) is simultaneously the metallic, electrically conductive emptying and filling pipe (1). 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich auf einem elektrisch nichtleitenden Entleerungs- oder Befüllungsrohr (6) eine Grundelektrode (7) befindet. 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a base electrode (7) is located on an electrically non-conductive emptying or filling pipe (6). 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 3 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich mindestens zwei Meßelektroden (3) auf dem Entleerungs- oder Befüllungsrohr (1, 6) befinden.4. Device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least two measuring electrodes (3) are located on the emptying or filling pipe (1, 6). 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich auf dem Entleerungs- bzw. Befüllungsrohr (1. 6) zusätzlich eine Referenz-Meßelektrode (9) befindet. 5. Device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a reference measuring electrode (9) is additionally located on the emptying or filling pipe (1.6). 6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, die elektronische Auswerteschaltung (11) mit einer Verstärkerschaltung mit gleitendem Mittelwert verbunden ist.6. Device according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the electronic evaluation circuit (11) is connected to an amplifier circuit with a moving average. 7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 6. dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf dem Kunststoffmantel (5) eine haftmindernde Schicht aufgebracht ist.7. Device according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an adhesion-reducing layer is applied to the plastic casing (5).
DE9100548U 1991-01-18 1991-01-18 Device for controlling immersion depths in liquids Expired - Lifetime DE9100548U1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9100548U DE9100548U1 (en) 1991-01-18 1991-01-18 Device for controlling immersion depths in liquids

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9100548U DE9100548U1 (en) 1991-01-18 1991-01-18 Device for controlling immersion depths in liquids

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE9100548U1 true DE9100548U1 (en) 1991-04-11

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DE9100548U Expired - Lifetime DE9100548U1 (en) 1991-01-18 1991-01-18 Device for controlling immersion depths in liquids

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0527059A1 (en) * 1991-08-07 1993-02-10 Toa Medical Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for agitating and sampling a liquid specimen
FR2746916A1 (en) * 1996-03-28 1997-10-03 Valeo Electronique Liquid level sensor for cooling system of automobile engine
DE19842484A1 (en) * 1998-09-16 1999-12-02 Siemens Ag Contents gauge for storage vessel, e.g. containing exhaust emission treatment solution used in heavy goods vehicle
DE102008031647A1 (en) * 2008-07-04 2010-02-04 Continental Automotive Gmbh Level sensor and system with a level sensor and a fluid reservoir
DE202009001520U1 (en) * 2009-02-06 2010-08-05 Horn Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispensing valve for filling liquid containers
US8544683B2 (en) 2010-10-29 2013-10-01 Nordson Corporation Multiple component dispensing cartridge and method with side-by-side fluid chambers
EP3501654A1 (en) * 2017-12-22 2019-06-26 Tecan Trading Ag Pipetting apparatus with a pipette tube and method for detecting a liquid within an intermediate section of pipette tube
DE102018106045A1 (en) * 2018-03-15 2019-09-19 Beatrice Saier lance

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0527059A1 (en) * 1991-08-07 1993-02-10 Toa Medical Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for agitating and sampling a liquid specimen
FR2746916A1 (en) * 1996-03-28 1997-10-03 Valeo Electronique Liquid level sensor for cooling system of automobile engine
DE19842484A1 (en) * 1998-09-16 1999-12-02 Siemens Ag Contents gauge for storage vessel, e.g. containing exhaust emission treatment solution used in heavy goods vehicle
DE102008031647A1 (en) * 2008-07-04 2010-02-04 Continental Automotive Gmbh Level sensor and system with a level sensor and a fluid reservoir
DE202009001520U1 (en) * 2009-02-06 2010-08-05 Horn Gmbh & Co. Kg Dispensing valve for filling liquid containers
US8544683B2 (en) 2010-10-29 2013-10-01 Nordson Corporation Multiple component dispensing cartridge and method with side-by-side fluid chambers
EP3501654A1 (en) * 2017-12-22 2019-06-26 Tecan Trading Ag Pipetting apparatus with a pipette tube and method for detecting a liquid within an intermediate section of pipette tube
WO2019121445A1 (en) * 2017-12-22 2019-06-27 Tecan Trading Ag Pipetting apparatus with a pipette tube and method for detecting a liquid within an intermediate section of a pipette tube
CN111565848A (en) * 2017-12-22 2020-08-21 泰肯贸易股份公司 Pipetting device with pipette and method for detecting a liquid in an intermediate section of a pipette
US11471876B2 (en) 2017-12-22 2022-10-18 Tecan Trading Ag Pipetting apparatus with a pipette tube and method for detecting a liquid within an intermediate section of a pipette tube
DE102018106045A1 (en) * 2018-03-15 2019-09-19 Beatrice Saier lance

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