DE714199C - Process for improving the electrical properties of films made of polyvinyl chloride - Google Patents

Process for improving the electrical properties of films made of polyvinyl chloride

Info

Publication number
DE714199C
DE714199C DEI54038D DEI0054038D DE714199C DE 714199 C DE714199 C DE 714199C DE I54038 D DEI54038 D DE I54038D DE I0054038 D DEI0054038 D DE I0054038D DE 714199 C DE714199 C DE 714199C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
polyvinyl chloride
electrical properties
improving
foils
films made
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEI54038D
Other languages
German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Schuckertwerke AG
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Schuckertwerke AG
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Schuckertwerke AG, Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens Schuckertwerke AG
Priority to DEI54038D priority Critical patent/DE714199C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE714199C publication Critical patent/DE714199C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L27/00Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L27/02Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L27/04Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
    • C08L27/06Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C71/00After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Verbesserung der elektrischen Eigenschaften von Folien aus Polyvinylchlorid Es gibt ein Verfahren zur .-Herstellung von Kunstmassen aus Polyvinylchlorid, welches darin besteht, daß man Polyvinylchlorid in Pulverform oder in gröberen ungeformten Mässen unter schneller Erwärmung bei Femperaturen oberhalb ,etwa r3o' unter Druck verarbeitet. Geschieht diese Verformung beispielsweise auf geheizten, zweckmäßig polierten Kalanderwalzen, so kann man Folien beliebig niederer Stärken erzeugen, die für eine große Zahl von Verwendungszwecken unmittelbar brauchbar sind.Process for improving the electrical properties of foils from polyvinyl chloride There is a process for. -production of synthetic materials from Polyvinyl chloride, which consists of polyvinyl chloride in powder form or in coarser, unshaped dimensions with rapid heating at temperatures above , about r3o 'processed under pressure. This deformation happens for example on heated, appropriately polished calender rolls, so you can lower foils as desired Create starches that are immediately useful for a wide variety of uses are.

Es ist bekannt, das zur Herstellung der Folien dienenda Polyvinylc'hlorid in fein verteiltem Zustand, also insbesondere als Pulver oder Späne, zu wässern, um die bei der Polymerisation zurückgebliebenen elektrisch leitenden Säurebestandteile zu entfernen, falls die Folien für, Zwecke der elektrischen Isollerung verwendet werden sollen. Die Wässerung ist auch in der Weise bewirkt worden, daß man die entstehenden Spinnfäden oder Felle in Wasser einlaufen ließ und dann in besonderer Weise trocknete.It is known that polyvinyl chloride is used to produce the films to be watered in a finely divided state, i.e. in particular as powder or shavings, about the electrically conductive acid components left behind during the polymerization to be removed if the foils are used for electrical insulation purposes should be. The watering has also been effected in such a way that the resulting Spun threads or skins were run in water and then dried in a special way.

Es ist üblich, die durch Gießen, Ausziehen von Fellen oder auf andere beliebig,- Weise erzeugten Folien zur Erhöhung ihrer Maßhaltigkeit mittels haliberwalzen o. dgl. nachzuformen. Bei der Verwendung von kalan- drierten Folien, beispielsweise in einer Stärke unterhalb o,5 mm, für die Zwecke dci=-ic@il@t@:i@ sehen Isolierung hat sich nun die merkwürdige Tatsache ergeben, daß der Isolationswiderstand, insbesondere der sogenannte Oberflächenwiderstand, an verschiedenen Stellen der kalandrierten Folien verschiedene Werte aufweist, welche nicht nur voneinander um mehr als das Zehnfache abweichen, sondern auch in den Mindestbeträgen, verglichen mit den Eigenschaften des Ausgangsstoffes, ,als auffällig niedrig zu bezeichnen sind. Diese niedrigen Werte lassen vermuten, daß der Ausgangsstoff (also das fertige Polymerisat im Verlaufe seiner Verarbeitung eine Änderung erfahren hat, die erneut zur Entstehung von sehr geringen Mengen leitender Stoffe führt.It is customary to reshape the foils produced by pouring, pulling out skins or in any other arbitrary manner to increase their dimensional accuracy by means of half-rollers or the like. When using kalan- third foils, for example in one thickness below 0.5 mm, for the purposes of dci = -ic @ il @ t @: i @ See insulation, the strange fact has now emerged that the insulation resistance, in particular the so-called surface resistance, has different values at different points on the calendered films, which not only differ from each other by more than ten times, but also in the minimum amounts compared with the properties of the starting material, can be described as conspicuously low. These low values suggest that the starting material (i.e. the finished polymer) has undergone a change in the course of its processing, which again leads to the formation of very small amounts of conductive substances.

Diese Vermutung hat sich als zutreffend erwiesen. Während im allgemeinen die Kunstharze durch Behandlung mit Wasser ihre elektrische Leitfähigkeit erhöhen, da Spuren von Wasser an- oder eingelagert werden, tritt hier im Gegenteil durch' Behandlung mit Wasser und ohne nachfolgende Anwendung besonderer Trocknungsmaßnahmen eine Erhöhung des Isolationswiderstandes ;ein, also ähnlich, wie wenn leitende Stoffe beseitigt würden. Als Ergebnis von Messungen über den Isolationswiderstand eines' P.olyvinylchlorid.s, welche mit Plattenelektroden üblicher Flächengröße in Lieft bei Zimmertemperatur r bei einer Meßs#Winung von 5oo V be- a_ stimmt wurden und wobei die kalandrierten Folien im Anlieferungszustand, nach---eintägigem, vierzehntägigem und achtundzwanzigtägigem Wässern in destilliertem Wasser zur Messung gelangten, ,ergab sich, daß schon durch eintägiges Wässern .eine Steigerung d°s Isolationswiderstandes um Werte von etwa zwei Zehnerpöf@nzen auf den Betrag von etwa i oh Ohm # cm erzielt wird, die bei fortgesetztem Wässern sich nur noch auf das Doppelte bis Dreifache erhöht, also in keinem Verhältnis mehr zu dem erwähnten Aufwand an Wässerungszeit steht. loch stärker wird der Oberflächenwiderstand verbessert, welcher mit dem vom VDE normalisierten Apparat in Luft bei Zimmertemperatur und bei einer Meßspannung von i ooo V bestimmt wurde. Hier zeigte sich eine Steigerung um durchschnittlich drei Zehnerpotenzen durch eintägiges Wässern, die sich durch Fortsetzung des Wässerns ebenfalls nicht mehr wesentlich änderte.This assumption has proven to be correct. While synthetic resins generally increase their electrical conductivity through treatment with water, since traces of water are added or incorporated, on the contrary, treatment with water and without subsequent application of special drying measures increases the insulation resistance, i.e. similar to how if conductive materials were removed. As a result of measurements on the insulation resistance of a polyvinyl chloride, which is supplied with plate electrodes of normal surface area at room temperature r with a measurement winding of 5oo V a_ were correct and the calendered foils in the delivery condition were measured after --- one day, fourteen days and twenty-eight days soaking in distilled water, it was found that even just one day of soaking an increase in the insulation resistance by values of about two tens @ nzen to the amount of about i oh ohm # cm is achieved, which increases only twice to three times with continued soaking, i.e. is no longer in proportion to the amount of soaking time mentioned. The surface resistance, which was determined with the apparatus standardized by the VDE, in air at room temperature and with a measuring voltage of 100 V, is improved even more. This showed an increase of an average of three powers of ten through one-day watering, which also no longer changed significantly when the watering continued.

Daß es sich tatsächlich um Abspaltungsprodukte `handelt, die erst bei der Verformung der Folien entstehen und keine Polymerisationsrückstände sind, beweist ein an einem anderen (weichmacherfreien) Polyvinylchlorid angestellter Versuch. Es wurde einerseits Pulver zu Platten ausgewalzt und dann gewässert; andererseits wurde Pulver gewässert und dann zu Platten ausgewalzt. Im ersten Fall hatten die Platten einen Isolationswiderstand in der Größe von i o16 O'hm # cm, im zweiten Fall nur in der Größe von i oh Ohm # cm.That it is actually a question of spin-off products arise when the foils are deformed and there are no polymerization residues, is proven by an experiment made on another (plasticizer-free) polyvinyl chloride. On the one hand, powder was rolled out into plates and then watered; on the other hand Powder was soaked in water and then rolled out into plates. In the first case they had Panels have an insulation resistance of the order of i o16 o'hm # cm, in the second Case only in the size of i oh ohm # cm.

Erfindungsgemäß werden deshalb die elektrischen Eigenschaften von Folien aus in Pulverform oder in gröberen ungeformten Massen unter schneller Erwärmung bei Temperaturen oberhalb 13o° unter Druck verarbeitetem Polyvinylchlorid dadurch verbessert, daß die Folien nach ihrer Verformung auf Kalanderwalzen o. dgl. einer Wässerung, vorzugsweise während etwa 24. Stunden, unterworfen werden.According to the invention, therefore, the electrical properties of Foils made from powder or coarser, unshaped masses with rapid heating Polyvinyl chloride processed under pressure at temperatures above 130 ° improved that the foils after their deformation on calender rolls o. The like. One Soaking, preferably for about twenty-four hours.

In gleicher Weise lassen sich natürlich auch die elektrischen Eigenschaften von in andere Gestalt, wie Rohre o. dgl., gebrachten Verformungsprodukten verbessern.The electrical properties can of course also be changed in the same way of deformation products brought into another shape, such as pipes or the like.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verfahren zur Verbesserung der elektrischen Eigenschaften von Folien und ähnlichen Verformungsprodukten aus in Pulverform oder in gröberen ungeformten Massen unter schneller Erwärmung bei Temperaturen oberhalb 13o° unter Druck verarbeitetem Polyvinylchlorid, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Folien und ähnlichen Verformungsprodukte nach ihrer Verformung auf Kalanderivalzen o. dgl. einer Wässerung, vorzugsweise während etwa 2q. Stunden, unterworfen werden.PATENT CLAIM: Process for improving electrical properties of foils and similar deformation products in powder form or in coarser unshaped masses under rapid heating at temperatures above 130 ° below Pressure processed polyvinyl chloride, characterized in that the films and Similar deformation products after their deformation on calender valleys or the like. a soak, preferably for about 2q. Hours to be subjected.
DEI54038D 1936-01-10 1936-01-10 Process for improving the electrical properties of films made of polyvinyl chloride Expired DE714199C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEI54038D DE714199C (en) 1936-01-10 1936-01-10 Process for improving the electrical properties of films made of polyvinyl chloride

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEI54038D DE714199C (en) 1936-01-10 1936-01-10 Process for improving the electrical properties of films made of polyvinyl chloride

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE714199C true DE714199C (en) 1941-11-25

Family

ID=7193763

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEI54038D Expired DE714199C (en) 1936-01-10 1936-01-10 Process for improving the electrical properties of films made of polyvinyl chloride

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE714199C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2231305A (en) * 1987-10-08 1990-11-14 Aew Eng Co Ltd Sizing and cutting apparatus

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2231305A (en) * 1987-10-08 1990-11-14 Aew Eng Co Ltd Sizing and cutting apparatus
GB2231305B (en) * 1987-10-08 1991-08-21 Aew Eng Co Ltd Sizing and cutting apparatus

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