DE69601323D1 - Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Verformungs- und Verschweisseigenschaften von verzinktem Blattstahl - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Verformungs- und Verschweisseigenschaften von verzinktem BlattstahlInfo
- Publication number
- DE69601323D1 DE69601323D1 DE69601323T DE69601323T DE69601323D1 DE 69601323 D1 DE69601323 D1 DE 69601323D1 DE 69601323 T DE69601323 T DE 69601323T DE 69601323 T DE69601323 T DE 69601323T DE 69601323 D1 DE69601323 D1 DE 69601323D1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- sheet steel
- zinc
- steel product
- improving
- deformation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title abstract 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
- C23C28/322—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only
- C23C28/3225—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only with at least one zinc-based layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
- C23C2/36—Elongated material
- C23C2/40—Plates; Strips
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/60—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using alkaline aqueous solutions with pH greater than 8
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/68—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous solutions with pH between 6 and 8
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
- C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/22—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
- C25D7/0614—Strips or foils
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12583—Component contains compound of adjacent metal
- Y10T428/1259—Oxide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12785—Group IIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12792—Zn-base component
- Y10T428/12799—Next to Fe-base component [e.g., galvanized]
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US44765695A | 1995-05-23 | 1995-05-23 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE69601323D1 true DE69601323D1 (de) | 1999-02-25 |
DE69601323T2 DE69601323T2 (de) | 1999-09-09 |
Family
ID=23777218
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE69601323T Expired - Fee Related DE69601323T2 (de) | 1995-05-23 | 1996-05-14 | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Verformungs- und Verschweisseigenschaften von verzinktem Blattstahl |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US5660707A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0744475B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH08325791A (de) |
KR (1) | KR100292229B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE175730T1 (de) |
BR (1) | BR9602406A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2175105C (de) |
DE (1) | DE69601323T2 (de) |
TW (2) | TW401468B (de) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3435255B2 (ja) * | 1995-05-30 | 2003-08-11 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 潤滑性に優れた電気亜鉛系めっき鋼板の製造設備 |
JPH08325790A (ja) * | 1995-05-31 | 1996-12-10 | Nippon Steel Corp | 潤滑性に優れた電気亜鉛系めっき熱延鋼板の製造設備 |
US6592738B2 (en) | 1997-01-31 | 2003-07-15 | Elisha Holding Llc | Electrolytic process for treating a conductive surface and products formed thereby |
DE69834548T2 (de) | 1997-01-31 | 2007-05-03 | Elisha Holding L.L.C. | Elektrisches verfahren zur herstellung einer ein mineral enthaltenden beschichtung |
US6599643B2 (en) | 1997-01-31 | 2003-07-29 | Elisha Holding Llc | Energy enhanced process for treating a conductive surface and products formed thereby |
US6322687B1 (en) | 1997-01-31 | 2001-11-27 | Elisha Technologies Co Llc | Electrolytic process for forming a mineral |
US6231686B1 (en) | 1997-11-10 | 2001-05-15 | Ltv Steel Company, Inc. | Formability of metal having a zinc layer |
EP1439240B2 (de) † | 2001-10-23 | 2018-10-03 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Verfahren zur heisspressbearbeitung von einem plattierten stahlprodukt |
CN1692178A (zh) * | 2002-02-05 | 2005-11-02 | 以利沙控股有限公司 | 一种处理金属表面的方法以及由此形成的产品 |
US20040188262A1 (en) * | 2002-02-05 | 2004-09-30 | Heimann Robert L. | Method for treating metallic surfaces and products formed thereby |
JP4617826B2 (ja) * | 2004-10-26 | 2011-01-26 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | 黒化処理装置 |
JP5354166B2 (ja) * | 2007-12-27 | 2013-11-27 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 亜鉛系めっき鋼板の製造方法 |
CA2745332C (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2017-07-18 | Jfe Steel Corporation | Galvanized steel sheet and method for producing the same |
DE102009053368A1 (de) * | 2009-11-14 | 2011-05-19 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Fertigungsanlage zum Herstellen eines Blechformteils mit einer Korrosionsschutzbeschichtung |
EP2732058B1 (de) * | 2011-07-15 | 2018-06-13 | Tata Steel IJmuiden BV | Vorrichtung zur herstellung von geglühten stählen und verfahren zur herstellung dieser stähle |
CA2890827A1 (en) | 2012-11-19 | 2014-05-22 | Ozlem Ozcan | Method for coating metallic surfaces with nanocrystalline zinc oxide layers, aqueous compositions for same and use of such coated surfaces |
PL2851452T3 (pl) * | 2013-09-19 | 2019-10-31 | Fuchs Petrolub Se | Nieorganiczna powłoka funkcyjna na stali ocynkowanej ogniowo jako pomocna przy formowaniu |
JP6622728B2 (ja) * | 2014-06-27 | 2019-12-18 | ヘンケル・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト・ウント・コムパニー・コマンディットゲゼルシャフト・アウフ・アクチェンHenkel AG & Co. KGaA | 亜鉛被覆鋼のためのドライ潤滑剤 |
CN109312487B (zh) * | 2016-06-09 | 2021-02-26 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | 电镀钢板的制造方法以及其制造装置 |
CN107739809B (zh) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-03-08 | 浙江博星工贸有限公司 | 一种奥氏体不锈钢钢带的固溶处理方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3415692A (en) * | 1965-03-12 | 1968-12-10 | Combustion Eng | Method of passivating metal surfaces |
GB1281872A (en) * | 1969-07-02 | 1972-07-19 | British Steel Corp | Improvements in or relating to the formation of zinc-iron-coatings |
JPS5413858B2 (de) * | 1974-05-20 | 1979-06-02 | ||
US4707415A (en) * | 1985-03-30 | 1987-11-17 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Steel strips with corrosion resistant surface layers having good appearance |
JPH01149996A (ja) * | 1987-12-08 | 1989-06-13 | Nippon Steel Corp | スポット溶接性に優れためっき鋼板の製造方法 |
EP0329057B1 (de) * | 1988-02-19 | 1994-08-10 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Verwendung eines Zink oder Zinklegierung-plattierten Stahlblechs mit ausgezeichneten Punktschweisseigenschaften |
KR940001032B1 (ko) * | 1989-12-12 | 1994-02-08 | 신닛뽕세이데쓰 가부시끼가이샤 | 프레스 성형성, 화성처리성 등에 뛰어난 아연계 도금강판 및 그 강판의 제조방법 |
US5203986A (en) * | 1990-03-08 | 1993-04-20 | Nkk Corporation | Method for manufacturing electrogalvanized steel sheet excellent in spot weldability |
JPH0421751A (ja) * | 1990-05-16 | 1992-01-24 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | スポット溶接性,化成処理及びプレス加工時の摺動性に優れた溶融亜鉛系めっき鋼板の製造方法 |
-
1996
- 1996-04-26 CA CA002175105A patent/CA2175105C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-03 TW TW085105315A patent/TW401468B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-05-03 TW TW088117729A patent/TW419534B/zh active
- 1996-05-09 KR KR1019960015162A patent/KR100292229B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-05-14 EP EP96107647A patent/EP0744475B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-05-14 AT AT96107647T patent/ATE175730T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-05-14 DE DE69601323T patent/DE69601323T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-05-17 JP JP8171687A patent/JPH08325791A/ja active Pending
- 1996-05-23 BR BR9602406A patent/BR9602406A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-12-16 US US08/767,379 patent/US5660707A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-12-16 US US08/767,378 patent/US5714049A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5714049A (en) | 1998-02-03 |
CA2175105C (en) | 1999-09-21 |
BR9602406A (pt) | 1998-10-06 |
CA2175105A1 (en) | 1996-11-24 |
ATE175730T1 (de) | 1999-01-15 |
EP0744475A1 (de) | 1996-11-27 |
KR960041398A (ko) | 1996-12-19 |
KR100292229B1 (ko) | 2001-06-01 |
US5660707A (en) | 1997-08-26 |
TW401468B (en) | 2000-08-11 |
EP0744475B1 (de) | 1999-01-13 |
JPH08325791A (ja) | 1996-12-10 |
TW419534B (en) | 2001-01-21 |
DE69601323T2 (de) | 1999-09-09 |
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