DE621990C - Process for the derivation of currents from gas or vaporous media, in which electrical currents are generated through relative movement between these media and electromagnetic force fields - Google Patents
Process for the derivation of currents from gas or vaporous media, in which electrical currents are generated through relative movement between these media and electromagnetic force fieldsInfo
- Publication number
- DE621990C DE621990C DEK135883D DEK0135883D DE621990C DE 621990 C DE621990 C DE 621990C DE K135883 D DEK135883 D DE K135883D DE K0135883 D DEK0135883 D DE K0135883D DE 621990 C DE621990 C DE 621990C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- media
- currents
- generated
- derivation
- relative movement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
- H02K44/08—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators
- H02K44/085—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators with conducting liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
- H02K44/08—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
- H02K44/08—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators
- H02K44/18—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators for generating AC power
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
- H02K44/08—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators
- H02K44/18—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators for generating AC power
- H02K44/20—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators for generating AC power by changing the polarity of the magnetic field
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Description
Es sind Vorrichtungen bekannt, bei denen elektrische Energien dadurch erzeugt werden, daß leitende Dämpfe oder Gase in elektromagnetischen Kraftfeldern bewegt werden. Wird ein Gefäß, welches z. B. mit Quecksilber oder einem anderen Material gefüllt ist, erhitzt, so kann man durch die Wärme Drücke erzeugen, welche dann den Dämpfen bestimmte Geschwindigkeiten mitzuteilen gestatten. Werden diese leitenden Dämpfe z. B. durch ein Magnetfeld hindurchgeführt, so entstehen in den Dämpfen elektrische Spannungen, welche bei geeigneter Wahl der Vorrichtungen nutzbringend verwendet werden können.Devices are known in which electrical energies are generated by that conductive vapors or gases are moved in electromagnetic force fields. If a vessel, which z. B. is filled with mercury or another material, heated, in this way one can generate pressures through the heat, which then give certain velocities to the vapors allow to communicate. Are these conductive vapors z. B. passed through a magnetic field, so arise in the vapors electrical voltages, which are useful with a suitable choice of devices can be used.
Werden solche- Quecksilberdämpfe, welche recht erhebliche Geschwindigkeiten erreichen können (bei normalen gekühlten Quecksilberdampfgleichrichtern werden bereits in den Armen und im Kondensationsraum Geschwindigkeiten bis zu, 4,5 X io3 cm pro Sekunde erreicht), durch ein Magnetfeld getrieben, so können erhebliche Spannungen erzeugt werden. An und für sich sind diese Spannungen aber schwer nutzbar auszuwerten, da infolge des hohen Potentialgefälles an den Elektroden, insbesondere des hohen Kathodenfalles, eine beträchtliche Spannung notwendig ist, um überhaupt eine Nutzspannung an den Elektroden abnehmen zu können. Da der Kathodenfall im Quecksilber bei den in Quecksilberdampfgleichrichtern vorkommenden Drücken in der Größenordnung von 500 V an einer kalten Kathode ist, so· ist hiernach ohne weiteres einzusehen, daß die bisherigen Versuche, auf diese Weise Stromerzeugung zu bewirken, erfolglos bleiben mußten.If such mercury vapors, which can reach very high speeds (with normal cooled mercury vapor rectifiers, speeds of up to 4.5 x 10 3 cm per second are already reached in the arms and in the condensation room), considerable voltages can be generated will. In and of itself, however, these voltages are difficult to utilize because, due to the high potential gradient at the electrodes, in particular the high cathode drop, a considerable voltage is necessary in order to be able to draw a useful voltage at the electrodes at all. Since the cathode fall in the mercury at the pressures occurring in mercury vapor rectifiers is in the order of magnitude of 500 V at a cold cathode, it is easy to see from this that the previous attempts to produce electricity in this way had to remain unsuccessful.
Nach der Erfindung soll dieser Übelstand nun dadurch umgangen werden, daß die beim Übergang des erzeugten Stromes von dem gas- oder dampfförmigen Medium in den Nutzstromkreis entstehenden Elektrodenverluste durch Aktivierung der Abnahmeelektroden mit die Aus- oder Eintrittsarbeit vermindernden Substanzen bzw. durch Heizung der Elektroden vermindert werden. Z. B. wird als Abnahmeelektrode, wenigstens als Kathode, eine aktivierte Elektrode, z. B. Ni mit Barium, Strontium, Cäsium u. dgl., benutzt. Dabei kann diese Elektrode entweder durch Fremdheizung so erregt werden, daß der Kathodenfall wesentlich herabgesetzt wird, oder aber die Elektrode kann die benötigte Emission durch Selbstaufheizung hervorbringen. Auch alle anderen Arten von Emissionsbildung", wie z. B. photoelektrische Wirkung u. dgl., können sinngemäß benutzt werden. Soll Wechselstrom erzeugt werden, so müssen natürlich beide Elektroden aktiviert sein.According to the invention, this drawback is now to be circumvented in that the at Transition of the generated current from the gaseous or vaporous medium into the useful circuit resulting in electrode losses by activating the pick-up electrodes to reduce the entry or exit work Substances or by heating the electrodes are reduced. E.g. as a pick-up electrode, at least as a cathode, an activated electrode, e.g. B. Ni with barium, strontium, cesium and the like., Used. This electrode can either be excited by external heating so that the Cathode drop is significantly reduced, or else the electrode can provide the required one Bring emission through self-heating. All other types of emission formation ", such as B. photoelectric effect and the like., Can be used accordingly. If alternating current is to be generated, see above Both electrodes must of course be activated.
Da, wie bereits erwähnt, das Kathodengefälle im Quecksilberdampf ungefähr 500 VSince, as already mentioned, the cathode gradient in mercury vapor is around 500 V
beträgt, so ist es nicht nötig, die Polschuhe sowie sonstige Metallteile im Innern der Anordnung gegen die Quecksilberdämpfe zu isolieren, solange.die in den Dämpfen erzeugten ί Spannungen sich genügend weit unterhalb diesem Grenzwert bewegen.it is not necessary to place the pole pieces or other metal parts inside the arrangement to isolate against the mercury vapors as long as those generated in the vapors ί Tensions are sufficiently far below this limit value.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Anordnung zur Erzeugung von Gleichstrom ist in der Abbildung gegeben. Hg stellt einen Quecksilbervorrat dar, der durch einen untenstehenden Bunsenbrenner erhitzt wird.. Der sich bildende Dampf strömt durch eine Düse in ein Gefäß e, das sich' zwischen Polschuhen ?tund s befindet. Im oberen Teil des Spaltes befindet sich eine Elektrode g, welche als Anode wirkt. Im unteren Teil des Gefäßes, befindet sich eine geheizte und aktivierte Glühkathode. Zu diesen beiden Elektroden wird durch den mit großer Geschwindigkeit durch das Magnetfeld hindurchströmenden Dampf eine elektrische Spannung erzeugt, die durch Anlegen irgendwelcher Nutzstromverbraucher an die Elektroden g und h ausgenutzt werden kann. Durch die Emission der Elektrode h, die als Kathode wirkt, wird der dort auftretende Hochspannungsabfall des Quecksilbers auf einen kleinen Wert reduziert. In e werden die Quecksilberdämpfe unter dem Einfluß des bei f in den Kühlmantel eintretenden Kondensationsraumes kondensiert und über eine manometrische Absperrung dem Siedegefäß zugeführt.An embodiment of an arrangement for generating direct current is given in the figure. Hg represents a supply of mercury which is heated by a Bunsen burner below. The steam that forms flows through a nozzle into a vessel e, which is located between pole pieces? T and s . In the upper part of the gap there is an electrode g which acts as an anode. In the lower part of the vessel there is a heated and activated hot cathode. An electrical voltage is generated for these two electrodes by the steam flowing through the magnetic field at high speed, which voltage can be used by applying any useful current consumers to the electrodes g and h . The emission of the electrode h, which acts as a cathode, reduces the high voltage drop of the mercury that occurs there to a small value. In e the mercury vapors are condensed under the influence of the condensation space entering the cooling jacket at f and fed to the boiling vessel via a manometric shut-off.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEK135883D DE621990C (en) | 1932-05-03 | 1932-05-04 | Process for the derivation of currents from gas or vaporous media, in which electrical currents are generated through relative movement between these media and electromagnetic force fields |
GB12769/33A GB414851A (en) | 1932-05-03 | 1933-05-02 | Improvements in or relating to electric generators |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE414851X | 1932-05-03 | ||
DEK125360D DE632443C (en) | 1932-05-03 | 1932-05-04 | Method for deriving currents from a liquid, gaseous or vaporous medium, in which electrical currents are generated by the relative movement between this medium and electromagnetic fields |
DEK135883D DE621990C (en) | 1932-05-03 | 1932-05-04 | Process for the derivation of currents from gas or vaporous media, in which electrical currents are generated through relative movement between these media and electromagnetic force fields |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE621990C true DE621990C (en) | 1935-11-16 |
Family
ID=27203279
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEK135883D Expired DE621990C (en) | 1932-05-03 | 1932-05-04 | Process for the derivation of currents from gas or vaporous media, in which electrical currents are generated through relative movement between these media and electromagnetic force fields |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE621990C (en) |
GB (1) | GB414851A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6777915B2 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2004-08-17 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Charger, battery pack, and charging system using the charger and battery pack |
US7285936B2 (en) * | 2000-11-24 | 2007-10-23 | Tokyo R & D Ltd. | Charging system for battery-set |
US7525288B2 (en) * | 2001-02-14 | 2009-04-28 | Sony Corporation | Charging/discharging apparatus and method, power supplying apparatus and method, power supplying system and method, program storing medium, and program |
US8040110B2 (en) * | 2001-05-14 | 2011-10-18 | Eaton Power Quality Company | Stress management of battery recharge, and method of state of charge estimation |
-
1932
- 1932-05-04 DE DEK135883D patent/DE621990C/en not_active Expired
-
1933
- 1933-05-02 GB GB12769/33A patent/GB414851A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6777915B2 (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2004-08-17 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Charger, battery pack, and charging system using the charger and battery pack |
US7285936B2 (en) * | 2000-11-24 | 2007-10-23 | Tokyo R & D Ltd. | Charging system for battery-set |
US7525288B2 (en) * | 2001-02-14 | 2009-04-28 | Sony Corporation | Charging/discharging apparatus and method, power supplying apparatus and method, power supplying system and method, program storing medium, and program |
US8040110B2 (en) * | 2001-05-14 | 2011-10-18 | Eaton Power Quality Company | Stress management of battery recharge, and method of state of charge estimation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB414851A (en) | 1934-08-16 |
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