DE524101C - Process for converting higher quality alcohols into lower quality ones - Google Patents

Process for converting higher quality alcohols into lower quality ones

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Publication number
DE524101C
DE524101C DEI27195D DEI0027195D DE524101C DE 524101 C DE524101 C DE 524101C DE I27195 D DEI27195 D DE I27195D DE I0027195 D DEI0027195 D DE I0027195D DE 524101 C DE524101 C DE 524101C
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Germany
Prior art keywords
alcohols
quality
ones
hydrogen
converting higher
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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DEI27195D
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German (de)
Inventor
Dr Otto Schmidt
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IG Farbenindustrie AG
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IG Farbenindustrie AG
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Priority to DEI27195D priority Critical patent/DE524101C/en
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Publication of DE524101C publication Critical patent/DE524101C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C29/00Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C07C29/60Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by elimination of -OH groups, e.g. by dehydration

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Überführung von höherwertigen Alkoholen in niedrigerwertige Es ist bekannt, 'n@-Acetylengl'ykole in Gegenwart von Platin- oder Palladiumschwarz mit Wasserstoff zu reduzieren. Hierbei entstehen bei Anwendung von palladiumkatalysatoren gesättigte Kohlenwasserstoffe, bei Anwendung von Platinkatalysatoren meist jedoch nicht regelmäßig; Gemische von gesättigtem Glykol und gesättigtem Alkohol.Process for converting higher-quality alcohols into lower-value ones It is known that 'n @ -Acetylengl'ykole in the presence of platinum or palladium black reduce with hydrogen. This occurs when using palladium catalysts saturated hydrocarbons, but mostly when using platinum catalysts not regulary; Mixtures of saturated glycol and saturated alcohol.

Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man ganz allgemein in guter Ausbeute aus höherwertigen Alkoholen regelmäßig niedrigerwertige Alkohole erhalten kann, wenn man erstere in Gegenwart von Hydrierungskatalysatoren, z. B. Kupfer-, Silber-, Zink- oder Nickelkatalysatoren, die durch Zusatz von Alkalien, Erdalkalien oder deren Verbindungen oder von Elementen der 3. bis 7. Gruppe des periodischen Systems oder deren Verbindungen aktiviert sind, mit Wasserstoff in erheblichem überschuß reduziert. Die Aktivierung der Katalysatoren wird zweckmäßig dadurch bewirkt, daß man bei der Darstellung der Katalysatoren dem Ausgangsmaterial' Oxyde, wie z. B. Cr., 03, S i O@, Ti O., Wo 03, Zr O., Mo, O, Vo,0, usw., als solche oder in Form ihrer Verbindungen zusetzt.It has now been found that you can generally obtain a good yield Higher alcohols can regularly receive lower alcohols, if the former in the presence of hydrogenation catalysts, e.g. B. copper, silver, zinc or nickel catalysts made by adding alkalis, alkaline earths or their Compounds or of elements of the 3rd to 7th group of the periodic table or the compounds of which are activated, reduced with a considerable excess of hydrogen. The activation of the catalysts is advantageously effected by the fact that the Representation of the catalysts the starting material 'oxides, such as. B. Cr., 03, S. i O @, Ti O., Wo 03, Zr O., Mo, O, Vo, 0, etc., as such or in the form of their compounds clogs.

Eine ausreichende Aktivität der Katalysatoren kann auch dadurch erreicht werden, daß man die Katalysatoren in sehr fein verteilter Form anwendet oder sie auf geeigneten Trägern, wie faserigen Asbest usw., verteilt benutzt. Beispielsweise kann man als Katalysator fein verteiltes Kobaltpulver verwenden, das durch Reduktion von gepulvertem Kobaltcarbonat erhalten wurde.A sufficient activity of the catalysts can also be achieved in this way be that one applies the catalysts in very finely divided form or they used distributed on suitable supports such as fibrous asbestos, etc. For example finely divided cobalt powder can be used as a catalyst, which is obtained by reduction from powdered cobalt carbonate.

Man erhält auf die angegebene Weise z. B. aus Glykol Äthylalkohol, aus Glycerin leicht und in guter Ausbeute Propylenglykol und n-Propylalkohol. Auch höherwertige Alkohole, wie Erythrit, Hexite usw., lassen sich auf diese Weise in hydroxylärmere überführen, und man erhält so die homologen Alkohole, Glykole, Glycerine usw., die bisher z. T. entweder überhaupt nicht oder nur auf umständliche Weise zugänglich waren. Man kann die Hydrierung sowohl in gasförmigem wie in flüssigem Zustande mit oder ohne Anwendung von Druck ausführen.One obtains in the manner indicated, for. B. from glycol ethyl alcohol, from glycerin easily and in good yield propylene glycol and n-propyl alcohol. Even Higher alcohols, such as erythritol, hexites, etc., can be converted into Transfer lower hydroxyls, and so the homologous alcohols, glycols, glycerols are obtained etc., which so far z. Sometimes either not at all or only in a cumbersome way were accessible. The hydrogenation can be carried out both in gaseous and in liquid form Execute states with or without the application of pressure.

Beispiel i i 1 Glasperlen werden mit Wasser und 130 g pulverförmigem, trockenem Kupferchromat, erhalten durch Umsetzen von molekularen Mengen Kupfernitrat und Ammonchromat, angeteigt; man setzt o,4. g 89°/oige Phosphorsäure zu und reduziert im Wasserstoffstrom bei 25o bis 26o°. Über die so hergestellte Kontaktmasse leitet man bei einer Temperatur von Zoo bis 2io° einen Wasserstoffstrom, der etwa i bis 1,5 Volumprozent Glycerindampf enthält, und kühlt die den Kontaktraum verlassenden Gase stark ab. Hierbei scheidet sich eine Flüssigkeit ab. die nach der Entfernung des gebildeten Wassers fraktioniert destilliert wird. Die-Umsetzung des Glycerins ist nahezu vollkommen. Das Destillat besteht aus i # 2-Propylenglykol, das in einer Ausbeute bis zu 70 °)a erhalten wird, und Propylalkohol; unverändertes Glycerin ist in dem Reaktionsprodukt nicht oder kaum mehr enthalten. An Stelle eines mit Chrom aktivierten Katalysators kann auch mit gleichem Effekt ein mit Kaliumchromat aktivierter Kupferkatalysator benutzt werden.Example ii 1 Glass beads are made into a paste with water and 130 g of powdered, dry copper chromate, obtained by reacting molecular amounts of copper nitrate and ammonium chromate; one places o, 4. g of 89% phosphoric acid and reduced in a stream of hydrogen at 25o to 26o °. A hydrogen stream containing about 1 to 1.5 percent by volume of glycerine vapor is passed over the contact mass produced in this way at a temperature of from zoo to 20 °, and the gases leaving the contact space are strongly cooled. A liquid is deposited here. which is fractionally distilled after the removal of the water formed. The implementation of the glycerine is almost complete. The distillate consists of i # 2-propylene glycol, which is obtained in a yield of up to 70 °) a, and propyl alcohol; unchanged glycerol is no longer contained in the reaction product, or hardly at all. Instead of a catalyst activated with chromium, a copper catalyst activated with potassium chromate can also be used with the same effect.

Beispiel ?- Über einen mit Chrom aktivierten Nickelkatalysator leitet man ein Gemisch von Wasserstoff und dampfförmigem i # 3-Butylenglykol, das weniger als io Volumteile (bezogen auf den Wasserstoff) i # 3-Butylengl'ykol enthält, bei einer Temperatur von über ioo° mit einer solchen Geschwindigkeit, daß das Gasgemisch im Kontaktraum etwa i oo mal pro Stunde erneuert wird. Die Reaktionsgase kühlt man ab und trennt das Kondensat nach erfolgtem Trocknen durch fraktionierte Destillation. Neben Butylalkoholen wird Methyläthylketon gebildet; letzteres kann durch weitere Reduktion in Isobutylalkohol übergeführt werden, der so in guter Ausbeute erhalten werden kann.Example ? - A mixture of hydrogen and vaporous i # 3-butylene glycol, which contains less than 10 parts by volume (based on the hydrogen) i # 3-butylene glycol, is passed over a chromium-activated nickel catalyst at a temperature of over 100 ° at such a rate that the gas mixture in the contact space is renewed about 100 times per hour. The reaction gases are cooled and, after drying, the condensate is separated by fractional distillation. In addition to butyl alcohols, methyl ethyl ketone is formed; the latter can be converted into isobutyl alcohol by further reduction, which can be obtained in this way in good yield.

Beispiel 3 Behandelt man Glycerin unter Zusatz von reduziertem, mit Chrom aktiviertem Kobalt als Katalysator mit Wasserstoff unter Druck, so entstehen je nach der gewählten Reaktionstemperatur vorwiegend Propylenglykol oder Propylalkohol; daneben kann auch Propan gebildet werden. Bei einer Temperatur von ißo° und Zoo at und unter Verwendung des obengenannten Katalysators läßt sich z. B. bis zu 5o °/o i # 2-Propylenglykol gewinnen.Example 3 If glycerol is treated with the addition of reduced, with Chromium activated cobalt as a catalyst with hydrogen under pressure is thus formed depending on the chosen reaction temperature, predominantly propylene glycol or propyl alcohol; in addition, propane can also be formed. At a temperature of 80 degrees and a zoo at and using the above catalyst can be, for. B. up to 5o % I # 2-propylene glycol win.

An Stelle von Glycerin kann man auch andere höherwertige Alkohole, z. B. Hexit, Erythrit, Zuckerarten, Kohlehydrate und ähnliche Stoffe, der Hydrierung unterwerfen, wobei man die genannten Stoffe in flüssiger Phase, d. h. in diesem Falle zweckmäßig in konzentrierter wäßriger Lösung, verwendet. Beispiel ¢ Sorbit wird mit der Hälfte seines Gewichts an Wasser versetzt und diese Lösung nach Zugabe von reduziertem Nickelkatalysator, der etwa 5 °f, Chromoxyd enthält, mit Wasserstoff so fange bei -oo° und Zoo at behandelt, bis keine Wasserstoffaufnahme mehr erfolgt. Das Reaktionsprodukt wird durch Destillation getrennt, wobei neben Wasser zwischen go und ioo° wäßriger Propylalkohol sowie zwischen i8o bis igo0 i -a-Propylenglykol übergeht; außerdem werden höher siedende Anteile, z. B. i # 3-Propylenglykol, erhalten. Die Ausbeute an Glykolen ist relativ sehr gut. Es hinterbleibt ein zähflüssiger Rückstand aus unverändertem Sorbit neben seinen Anhvdriden und hochsiedenden Reduktionsprodukten.Instead of glycerine, you can also use other higher-value alcohols, z. B. hexitol, erythritol, sugars, carbohydrates and similar substances, the hydrogenation subject, the substances mentioned in the liquid phase, d. H. in this The case is expediently used in a concentrated aqueous solution. Example ¢ sorbitol is mixed with half its weight in water and this solution after addition of reduced nickel catalyst containing about 5 ° F, chromium oxide, with hydrogen so start at -oo ° and Zoo at treated until there is no more hydrogen uptake. The reaction product is separated by distillation, with water between go and ioo ° aqueous propyl alcohol and between i8o to igo0 i -a-propylene glycol transforms; in addition, higher-boiling fractions such. B. i # 3 propylene glycol. The glycol yield is relatively very good. What remains is a viscous one Residue from unaltered sorbitol in addition to its anhydride and high-boiling reduction products.

Rohrzucker kann in ähnlicher Weise der Reduktion unterworfen werden, wobei zweckmäßig an Stelle des Wassers eine dein angewandten Zucker an Gewicht gleiche Menge einer i2°Joigen Borsäurelösung zum Lösen benutzt wird.Cane sugar can be subjected to reduction in a similar way, where it is advisable to replace the water with a sugar that is the same in weight as the one used Amount of i2 ° Joigen boric acid solution is used to dissolve.

Claims (1)

PATrNTANSPRU CH Verfahren zur Überführung von höherwertigen Alkoholen in niedrigerwertige, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die höherwertigen Alkohole in Gegenwart von Hydrierungskatalysatoren, die durch Zusatz von Alkalien, Erdalkalien oder deren Verbindungen oder von Elementen der 3. bis 7. Gruppe des periodischen Systems oder deren Verbindungen aktiviert sind, mit Wasserstoff in erheblichem Überschuß reduziert.PATRNTANSPRU CH Process for the transfer of higher-quality alcohols in lower-valent, characterized in that the higher-valent alcohols in the presence of hydrogenation catalysts by adding alkalis, alkaline earths or their compounds or of elements of the 3rd to 7th group of the periodic System or its compounds are activated, with hydrogen in significant excess reduced.
DEI27195D 1926-01-13 1926-01-13 Process for converting higher quality alcohols into lower quality ones Expired DE524101C (en)

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Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE858094C (en) * 1937-10-31 1952-12-04 Basf Ag Process for the preparation of butanediol (1,4) and its abkoemmlingen substituted in the 1- or 1,4-position by hydrocarbon radicals or heterocyclic radicals
DE1279674B (en) * 1964-08-26 1968-10-10 Ruhrchemie Ag Process for the production of hydroxymethylcyclododecane or hydroxymethyltricyclodecane
US5306847A (en) * 1991-11-26 1994-04-26 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Manufacture of 1,2-propylene glycol
WO2005095536A3 (en) * 2004-03-25 2006-03-16 Galen J Suppes Method of producing lower alcohols from glycerol
WO2007010299A1 (en) 2005-07-15 2007-01-25 Davy Process Technology Ltd Process
WO2008012244A1 (en) 2006-07-26 2008-01-31 Davy Process Technology Limited Process for the hydrogenation of glycerol to propyleneglycol
EP1889825A1 (en) * 2006-08-17 2008-02-20 Cognis Oleochemicals GmbH Procedure for the synthesis of 1,2-propanediol
WO2008020077A1 (en) * 2006-08-17 2008-02-21 Cognis Oleochemicals Gmbh Method for producing 1,2-propaniol
EP1978075A1 (en) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-08 Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. Petrobras Method for recycling and exploitation of the glycerin obtained in the production of biodiesel
DE102007027374A1 (en) 2007-06-11 2008-12-18 Cognis Oleochemicals Gmbh Producing 1,2-propanediol comprises continuously hydrogenating glycerol in the presence of a heterogeneous copper catalyst and distilling the reaction mixture
DE102007027371A1 (en) 2007-06-11 2008-12-18 Cognis Oleochemicals Gmbh A process for preparing a compound having at least one ester group
WO2010084118A1 (en) 2009-01-21 2010-07-29 Basf Se Method for producing deodorized 1,2-propanediol
WO2010094769A1 (en) 2009-02-20 2010-08-26 Basf Se Method for the production of 1,2-propanediol
US7790937B2 (en) 2006-03-03 2010-09-07 Basf Se Process for the preparation of 1,2-propanediol
WO2011009936A2 (en) 2009-07-24 2011-01-27 Basf Se Process for the preparation of 1,2-propanediol from glycerol
US8017816B2 (en) 2002-04-22 2011-09-13 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Method of producing lower alcohols from glycerol
US8252962B2 (en) 2007-08-31 2012-08-28 Basf Se Method for producing 1,2-propandiol by hydrogenating glycerine in a two-step reactor cascade
US8273924B2 (en) 2007-08-31 2012-09-25 Basf Se Method for producing 1,2-propandiol by low-pressure hydrogenation of glycerine
US8293951B2 (en) 2007-08-31 2012-10-23 Basf Se Method for producing 1,2-propandiol by hydrogenation in at least three successive reactors
US8735635B2 (en) 2009-02-25 2014-05-27 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Process for making 1, 2-propane diol from hydrogenation of glycerol
WO2014152472A1 (en) 2013-03-15 2014-09-25 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Process for the selective production of propanols by hydrogenation of glycerol
EP2162416A4 (en) * 2007-05-18 2016-09-21 Biofuel Solution I Malmö Ab Gas phase process for monoalcohol production from glycerol

Cited By (35)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE858094C (en) * 1937-10-31 1952-12-04 Basf Ag Process for the preparation of butanediol (1,4) and its abkoemmlingen substituted in the 1- or 1,4-position by hydrocarbon radicals or heterocyclic radicals
DE1279674B (en) * 1964-08-26 1968-10-10 Ruhrchemie Ag Process for the production of hydroxymethylcyclododecane or hydroxymethyltricyclodecane
US5306847A (en) * 1991-11-26 1994-04-26 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Manufacture of 1,2-propylene glycol
US8017816B2 (en) 2002-04-22 2011-09-13 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Method of producing lower alcohols from glycerol
WO2005095536A3 (en) * 2004-03-25 2006-03-16 Galen J Suppes Method of producing lower alcohols from glycerol
EP2298720A3 (en) * 2004-03-25 2011-07-27 Galen J. Suppes Process for converting glycerol to propylene glycol
KR101325084B1 (en) * 2005-07-15 2013-11-06 데이비 프로세스 테크놀로지 리미티드 Vapour phase hydrogenation of glycerol
WO2007010299A1 (en) 2005-07-15 2007-01-25 Davy Process Technology Ltd Process
JP2009501203A (en) * 2005-07-15 2009-01-15 デイビー プロセス テクノロジー リミテッド process
US7355083B2 (en) 2005-07-15 2008-04-08 Davy Process Technology Limited Process
EA010314B1 (en) * 2005-07-15 2008-08-29 Дэйви Проусесс Текнолоджи Лтд. A process for hydrogenation of glycerol
CN101006036B (en) * 2005-07-15 2011-09-07 戴维加工技术有限公司 Vapour-phase hydrogenation of glycerol
US7790937B2 (en) 2006-03-03 2010-09-07 Basf Se Process for the preparation of 1,2-propanediol
US8227646B2 (en) 2006-07-26 2012-07-24 Davy Process Technology Limited Process for the hydrogenation of glycerol to propylene glycol
EA013127B1 (en) * 2006-07-26 2010-02-26 Дэйви Проусесс Текнолоджи Лимитед Process for the production of propyleneglycol
WO2008012244A1 (en) 2006-07-26 2008-01-31 Davy Process Technology Limited Process for the hydrogenation of glycerol to propyleneglycol
AU2007278278B2 (en) * 2006-07-26 2011-09-15 Davy Process Technology Limited Process for the hydrogenation of glycerol to propyleneglycol
EP1889825A1 (en) * 2006-08-17 2008-02-20 Cognis Oleochemicals GmbH Procedure for the synthesis of 1,2-propanediol
WO2008020077A1 (en) * 2006-08-17 2008-02-21 Cognis Oleochemicals Gmbh Method for producing 1,2-propaniol
EP1978075A1 (en) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-08 Petroleo Brasileiro S.A. Petrobras Method for recycling and exploitation of the glycerin obtained in the production of biodiesel
EP2162416A4 (en) * 2007-05-18 2016-09-21 Biofuel Solution I Malmö Ab Gas phase process for monoalcohol production from glycerol
DE102007027371A1 (en) 2007-06-11 2008-12-18 Cognis Oleochemicals Gmbh A process for preparing a compound having at least one ester group
DE102007027374A1 (en) 2007-06-11 2008-12-18 Cognis Oleochemicals Gmbh Producing 1,2-propanediol comprises continuously hydrogenating glycerol in the presence of a heterogeneous copper catalyst and distilling the reaction mixture
WO2008151785A1 (en) 2007-06-11 2008-12-18 Cognis Oleochemicals Gmbh Method for producing a compound which has at least one ether group
US8252962B2 (en) 2007-08-31 2012-08-28 Basf Se Method for producing 1,2-propandiol by hydrogenating glycerine in a two-step reactor cascade
US8273924B2 (en) 2007-08-31 2012-09-25 Basf Se Method for producing 1,2-propandiol by low-pressure hydrogenation of glycerine
US8293951B2 (en) 2007-08-31 2012-10-23 Basf Se Method for producing 1,2-propandiol by hydrogenation in at least three successive reactors
US9145347B2 (en) 2009-01-21 2015-09-29 Basf Se Process for preparing deodorized 1,2-propanediol
WO2010084118A1 (en) 2009-01-21 2010-07-29 Basf Se Method for producing deodorized 1,2-propanediol
US8809596B2 (en) 2009-01-21 2014-08-19 Basf Se Method for producing deodorized 1,2-propanediol
WO2010094769A1 (en) 2009-02-20 2010-08-26 Basf Se Method for the production of 1,2-propanediol
US8735635B2 (en) 2009-02-25 2014-05-27 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Process for making 1, 2-propane diol from hydrogenation of glycerol
WO2011009936A2 (en) 2009-07-24 2011-01-27 Basf Se Process for the preparation of 1,2-propanediol from glycerol
WO2014152472A1 (en) 2013-03-15 2014-09-25 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Process for the selective production of propanols by hydrogenation of glycerol
US9586879B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-03-07 W. R. Grace & Co-Conn. Process for the selective production of propanols by hydrogenation of glycerol

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