DE518172C - Incandescent cathode x-ray tube - Google Patents
Incandescent cathode x-ray tubeInfo
- Publication number
- DE518172C DE518172C DES63562D DES0063562D DE518172C DE 518172 C DE518172 C DE 518172C DE S63562 D DES63562 D DE S63562D DE S0063562 D DES0063562 D DE S0063562D DE 518172 C DE518172 C DE 518172C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- ray tube
- rare earths
- incandescent cathode
- ray
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000175 cerite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000978750 Havardia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007496 glass forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/095—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing rare earths
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/078—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing an oxide of a divalent metal, e.g. an oxide of zinc
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/16—Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Description
Glühkathoden-Röntgenröhre Bei der Herstellung von Röntgenröhren, insbesondere solcher, welche für die Tiefentherapie bestimmt waren, d. h. welche besonders `harte Strahlungen liefern sollen, ist man bisher von der Vorstellung ausgegangen, daß die Güte des Vakuums ausschlaggebend ist. Demgemäß hat man bei der Wähl des Glases das Schwergewicht darauf gelegt, daß das Glas geringe Wasserhaut (geringe Gasabgabe) und daß es einen hohen Erweichungspunkt besitzt, damit die Gasaustreibung bei möglichst hoher Temperatur erfolgen kann.Hot cathode X-ray tube In the manufacture of X-ray tubes, in particular those intended for deep therapy, d. H. which are particularly `hard To deliver radiations, one has hitherto started from the idea that the quality of the vacuum is decisive. Accordingly, one has to choose the glass the emphasis was placed on the fact that the glass has little water skin (low gas release) and that it has a high softening point, so that the gas expulsion at as possible high temperature can take place.
Demzufolge hat man bisher das sogenannte Thüringer Geräteglas verwandt und, wo es sich um eine Höchstleistung handelte, ein Glas hergestellt, welches hohen Erweichungspunkt mit großer chemischer Widerstandsfähigkeit verband, und nahm dabei dessen sch-v#@=erere Bearbeitungsfähigkeit in den Kauf.As a result, the so-called Thuringian appliance glass has been used so far and, where it was a matter of top performance, a glass was produced which was high Associated softening point with great chemical resistance, and took it whose sch-v # @ = erere processing ability in the purchase.
Es hat sich aber herausgestellt, daß die Erzielung hoher Leistung (Anwendungsniöglichkeit hoher Scheitelspannung evtl. in Verbindung mit großer Amperezahl) bei einer Röntgenröhre in erster Linie, soweit die Glashülle in Frage kommt, nur von den inneren elektrischen Eigenschaften des Glases und nicht von seinen Oberflächeneigenschaften abhängt und daß es demzufolge möglich ist, auch bei Verwendung von Gläsern niedrigeren Erweichungspunktes und geringerer Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen atmosphärische Beeinflussung (z. B. hydrolytische, Klasse V) zu Röntgenröhren zu kommen, welche den besten bisher erzeugten gleichwertig sind oder sie sogar noch übertreffen.But it has been found that the achievement of high performance (Possibility of using high peak voltage, possibly in connection with high amperage) in the case of an X-ray tube primarily, only as far as the glass envelope is concerned on the internal electrical properties of the glass and not on its surface properties depends and that it is therefore possible, even when using glasses lower Softening point and lower resistance to atmospheric influences (e.g. hydrolytic, class V) to come to X-ray tubes, which are the best so far are equivalent or even exceed them.
Ein Weg zur Erreichung dieses Zieles besteht darin, daß man in einem normalen Alkali-Kalk-Tonerde-Silikat-Glassatz den Kalk mehr oder weniger vollständig durch seltene Erden, insbesondere durch Ceriterde, ersetzt. Das Glas behält dann die einem Alkalilialk-Tonerde-Silikat-Glas eigentümliche Bearbeitungsfähigkeit sowohl vor der Pfeife wie vor der Lampe und gestattet bei seiner Verwendung als Hülle für eine Röntgenröhre gleichwohl, sofern die Röhren mit der üblichen Sorgfalt hergestellt sind, die Anlegung von Spannungen von 22o Kilovolt und darüber.One way to achieve this is to be in a normal alkali-lime-alumina-silicate glass sets the lime more or less completely replaced by rare earths, especially cerite earth. The glass then retains the machinability peculiar to an alkali alkali-alumina-silicate glass in front of the pipe as in front of the lamp, and when used as a cover for an X-ray tube, however, provided the tubes are manufactured with the usual care are the application of voltages of 22o kilovolts and above.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel solchen Glases ist wie folgt, wobei unter
Me.,03 Cerit- oder andere seltene Erden zu verstehen sind:
Die ;günstige Wirkung der seltenen Erden auf die elektrischen Eigenschaften des Glases beruht, soweit bisher erkennbar ist, auf ihrer spezifischen Atomstruktur, d. h. kleines Atomvolumen in Verbindung mit dem Ausbau der inneren Elektronenringe bei steigender Ordnungszahl im periodischen System. Es war daher naheliegend, die seltenen Erden bei der -Gewinnung von für die Herstellung von Röntgenröhren geeigneten Gläsern durch Oxyde von anderen Elementen zu ersetzen, welche in ihrer Konstitution den seltenen Erden nahestehen. Es sind dieses z. B. die Elemente, welche im periodischen System etwa zwischen den. Ordnungszahlen 2o und 30 liegen, nämlich Scandium, Titan, Vanadium, Chrom, Mangan, Eisen, Kobalt, Nickel, Kupfer; unter diesen besonders Titan und Vanadium.The; beneficial effect of rare earths on electrical properties of the glass is based, as far as can be seen so far, on its specific atomic structure, d. H. small atomic volume in connection with the expansion of the inner electron rings with increasing atomic number in the periodic system. It was therefore obvious that rare earths in the extraction of suitable for the manufacture of X-ray tubes To replace glasses by oxides of other elements which are in their constitution be close to rare earths. There are z. B. the elements, which in the periodic System roughly between the. Ordinal numbers 2o and 30 lie, namely scandium, titanium, Vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper; among these especially titanium and vanadium.
Da die im vorstehenden angegebenen zusätzlichen Glasbestandteile, von deren Vorhandensein die günstigen Eigenschaften des Glases für die Herstellung von Rlöntgenröhren abhängen, ihre Wirkung nur ausüben können, «renn sie als glasbildende Bestandteile auftreten, so ist es erforderlich, daß die Menge derselben nicht unter ein gewisses Maß herabgehen darf, welches beiläufig auf etwa i olo festgelegt werden kann.Since the additional glass components specified above, their presence the favorable properties of glass for manufacture depend on X-ray tubes, can only exert their effect, "run them as glass-forming ones Constituents occur, so it is necessary that the amount of the same does not fall a certain amount may go down, which is incidentally set at about i olo can.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DES63562D DE518172C (en) | 1923-08-13 | 1923-08-14 | Incandescent cathode x-ray tube |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1703391X | 1923-08-13 | ||
DES63562D DE518172C (en) | 1923-08-13 | 1923-08-14 | Incandescent cathode x-ray tube |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE518172C true DE518172C (en) | 1931-02-13 |
Family
ID=25995735
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DES63562D Expired DE518172C (en) | 1923-08-13 | 1923-08-14 | Incandescent cathode x-ray tube |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE518172C (en) |
-
1923
- 1923-08-14 DE DES63562D patent/DE518172C/en not_active Expired
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