DE4342862A1 - Absorption agent for oil spills - Google Patents

Absorption agent for oil spills

Info

Publication number
DE4342862A1
DE4342862A1 DE4342862A DE4342862A DE4342862A1 DE 4342862 A1 DE4342862 A1 DE 4342862A1 DE 4342862 A DE4342862 A DE 4342862A DE 4342862 A DE4342862 A DE 4342862A DE 4342862 A1 DE4342862 A1 DE 4342862A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
oil
absorbent
absorption agent
asclepias
oil spills
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE4342862A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Hermann Meynen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MEYNEN JOHANNA 83224 GRASSAU DE
Original Assignee
MEYNEN JOHANNA 83224 GRASSAU DE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MEYNEN JOHANNA 83224 GRASSAU DE filed Critical MEYNEN JOHANNA 83224 GRASSAU DE
Priority to DE4342862A priority Critical patent/DE4342862A1/en
Publication of DE4342862A1 publication Critical patent/DE4342862A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/10—Devices for removing the material from the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
    • B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
    • C02F1/681—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water by addition of solid materials for removing an oily layer on water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/32—Materials not provided for elsewhere for absorbing liquids to remove pollution, e.g. oil, gasoline, fat
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)

Abstract

An absorption agent for oil and oily substances, esp. crude oil, consists of seed hairs of plants of the genus Asclepias.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Absorptionsmittel für Öl oder ölartige Stoffe, insbesondere Erdöl.The invention relates to an absorbent for oil or oily substances, especially petroleum.

Durch die Verschmutzung der Meeresoberfläche und der -küsten durch Erdöl sowie das in Industrieabwässern und dergleichen ent­ haltene Abfallöl werden immer größere natürliche Lebensräume zerstört. Es sind daher schon zahlreiche Vorschläge gemacht worden, um Öl, insbesondere Erdöl vor allem von Wasseroberflä­ chen zu entfernen.Due to the pollution of the sea surface and the coasts by petroleum and that in industrial waste water and the like Waste oil that is kept becomes ever larger natural habitats destroyed. Numerous suggestions have therefore already been made been to oil, especially petroleum especially from water surfaces Chen remove.

Beispielsweise ist es aus der DE-AS 19 44 636 und der DE-AS 23 21 148 bekannt, als Ölabsorptionsmittel bestimmte Kunststoff­ schaumstoffe zu verwenden.For example, it is from DE-AS 19 44 636 and DE-AS 23 21 148 known as an oil absorbent certain plastic to use foams.

Ferner ist es aus der DE-PS 34 23 885 bekannt, in Aceton gelö­ ste Acetylcellulose als Ölabsorptionsmittel einzusetzen. Dieses Mittel besitzt zwar eine sehr hohe Ölaufnahmefähigkeit, jedoch führt es zu einer Erhöhung des Sauerstoff-Bedarfs des Wassers.Furthermore, it is known from DE-PS 34 23 885, dissolved in acetone ste use acetyl cellulose as an oil absorbent. This Medium has a very high oil absorption capacity, however it leads to an increase in the oxygen demand of the water.

Ferner ist ein Ölbindevlies aus Polypropylen-Fasern im Handel (3M Technische Information "3M Oil Sorbent" der Firma 3M Deutschland GmbH 9/85). Die Ölaufnahmefähigkeit dieses Vlieses beträgt bis zum 25-fachen des Eigengewichts.Furthermore, an oil binding fleece made of polypropylene fibers is commercially available (3M Technical Information "3M Oil Sorbent" from 3M Deutschland GmbH 9/85). The oil absorption capacity of this fleece is up to 25 times its own weight.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Ölabsorptionsmittel bereitzustellen, das ohne Abgabe schädlicher Stoffe eine we­ sentlich verbesserte Ölaufnahmefähigkeit als die bekannten Mit­ tel besitzt. The object of the invention is an oil absorbent To provide a we without the release of harmful substances considerably better oil absorption than the well-known Mit tel owns.  

Dies wird erfindungsgemäß mit dem im Anspruch 1 gekennzeichne­ ten Absorptionsmittel erreicht. Im Anspruch 2 ist eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung dieses Absorptionsmittels wiederge­ geben.According to the invention, this is characterized by that in claim 1 th absorbent reached. In claim 2 is one advantageous embodiment of this absorbent again give.

Überraschend hat sich gezeigt, daß die Samenhaare von Pflanzen der Gattung Asclepias eine extrem große Ölaufnahmefähigkeit be­ sitzen, und zwar saugt das erfindungsgemäße Absorptionsmittel mehr als das 200-fache seines Eigengewichts an Öl auf.Surprisingly, it has been shown that the seed hair of plants of the genus Asclepias have an extremely high oil absorption capacity sit, and sucks the absorbent of the invention more than 200 times its own weight in oil.

Da es sich um eine Naturfaser handelt, gibt das erfindungsgemäße Absorptionsmittel keine schädlichen Stoffe ab.Since it is a natural fiber, there is Absorbent according to the invention no harmful substances.

Pflanzen der Gattung Asclepias sind vor allem in Nordamerika weit verbreitet. Sie werden dort als "Milkweed" oder "Silkweed" bezeichnet. Am häufigsten kommen die Arten Asclepias syriaca, Asclepias incarnata und Asclepias subulata vor. Deren Samenhaar­ flocken sind als Ölabsorptionsmittel besonders geeignet.Plants of the Asclepias genus are mainly found in North America widespread. They are called "milkweed" or "silkweed" designated. The most common species are Asclepias syriaca, Asclepias incarnata and Asclepias subulata. Their seed hair Flakes are particularly suitable as an oil absorbent.

Die die Samenhaare enthaltenden Samenkapseln dieser Pflanzen können mit den gleichen Maschinen gepflückt werden wie die Sa­ menkapseln der Baumwollpflanze.The seed capsules of these plants containing the seed hair can be picked with the same machines as the Sa capsules of the cotton plant.

Das nachstehende Beispiel dient der weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung.The example below serves to further explain the Invention.

Beispielexample

Aus 0,027 g Asclepias-Samenhaarflocken wurde mit einem grobmaschigen Kunststoffnetz ein Kissen mit einer Größe von et­ wa 10 cm mal 10 cm gebildet.0.027 g of Asclepias seed hair flakes was converted into a large-mesh plastic net a pillow with a size of et wa formed 10 cm by 10 cm.

Eine zylindrische Schale mit einem Durchmesser von ca. 20 cm wurde mit Wasser halb gefüllt, worauf 10 ml Motor-Altöl in die Schale gegossen wurden, wodurch sich ein dicker tiefbrauner Öl­ film auf der Wasseroberfläche bildete. A cylindrical bowl with a diameter of approx. 20 cm was half-filled with water and 10 ml of used engine oil was poured into the Shell were poured, creating a thick, deep brown oil film formed on the water surface.  

Alsdann wurde das Haarflockenkissen auf den Ölfilm gelegt und mit einer Pinzette leicht angedrückt. Der Ölfilm wurde in weni­ gen Sekunden von dem Kissen vollständig aufgesogen.Then the hair flake pillow was placed on the oil film and lightly pressed with tweezers. The oil film was in few seconds away from the pillow.

Geht man von einem spezifischen Gewicht des Altöls von 0,75 g/ml aus, so ergibt sich daraus eine Ölaufnahme vom 278-fachen des Eigengewichts der Asclepias-Samenhaarflocken.Assuming a specific weight of the waste oil of 0.75 g / ml, this results in an oil absorption of 278 times the weight of the Asclepias seed hair flakes.

Claims (2)

1. Absorptionsmittel für Öl oder ölartige Stoffe, insbeson­ dere Erdöl, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es aus den Samenhaaren von Pflanzen der Gattung Asclepias besteht.1. Absorbent for oil or oil-like substances, in particular petroleum, characterized in that it consists of the seed hair of plants of the genus Asclepias. 2. Absorptionsmittel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeich­ net, daß die Samenhaare zur Bildung eines Kissens mit einem Netz zusammengehalten werden.2. Absorbent according to claim 1, characterized net that the seed hair to form a pillow with a Network are held together.
DE4342862A 1993-12-16 1993-12-16 Absorption agent for oil spills Withdrawn DE4342862A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4342862A DE4342862A1 (en) 1993-12-16 1993-12-16 Absorption agent for oil spills

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4342862A DE4342862A1 (en) 1993-12-16 1993-12-16 Absorption agent for oil spills

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE4342862A1 true DE4342862A1 (en) 1995-06-22

Family

ID=6505135

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE4342862A Withdrawn DE4342862A1 (en) 1993-12-16 1993-12-16 Absorption agent for oil spills

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE4342862A1 (en)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9006462U1 (en) * 1990-06-08 1990-08-23 Franz Bracht KG, 59597 Erwitte Oil collection pack

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9006462U1 (en) * 1990-06-08 1990-08-23 Franz Bracht KG, 59597 Erwitte Oil collection pack

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CA 2076615 (Derwent Abstracts) *
Ehviton. Sci. Technol.26 (4), S.772-6 (1992) *

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