DE4315321A1 - Apparatus and process for drying sludges and polluted liquids by solar radiation - Google Patents

Apparatus and process for drying sludges and polluted liquids by solar radiation

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Publication number
DE4315321A1
DE4315321A1 DE4315321A DE4315321A DE4315321A1 DE 4315321 A1 DE4315321 A1 DE 4315321A1 DE 4315321 A DE4315321 A DE 4315321A DE 4315321 A DE4315321 A DE 4315321A DE 4315321 A1 DE4315321 A1 DE 4315321A1
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Prior art keywords
air
dried
solar radiation
drying
help
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DE4315321A
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German (de)
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DE4315321C2 (en
Inventor
Ulrich Luboschik
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IST ENERGIETECHNIK GmbH
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IST ENERGIETECHNIK GmbH
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0012—Settling tanks making use of filters, e.g. by floating layers of particulate material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
    • C02F11/131—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating using electromagnetic or ultrasonic waves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
    • F26B3/283—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun in combination with convection
    • F26B3/286—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun in combination with convection by solar radiation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/10—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in the open air; in pans or tables in rooms; Drying stacks of loose material on floors which may be covered, e.g. by a roof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/18—Sludges, e.g. sewage, waste, industrial processes, cooling towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers
    • Y02B40/18—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers using renewables, e.g. solar cooking stoves, furnaces or solar heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

Abstract

In the drying of sludges and highly polluted waste waters (effluents), in addition to suitable apparatuses, large amounts of energy generally of fossil origin are required to evaporate the water. The apparatus permits a simple construction with low expenditure in terms of material and exploitation of solar radiation as a regenerative energy source. The material to be dried is exposed to the solar radiation in a transparent structural enclosure such as in a greenhouse. To increase the drying rate, the incoming air and the material to be dried can additionally be heated, for which purpose low-temperature heat sources can also advantageously be used. In the case of a liquid, this is first passed into an aeratable sedimentation tank and thickened. A rotating and transport apparatus ensures contact with the air which takes up moisture. The energy of evaporation is essentially supplied directly to the wet material from the solar radiation. By exploiting a level difference, for instance by introducing a tower-like elevation or by utilising the shape of the terrain, a gravity-caused air current is induced which ensures removal of the moisture via the exhaust air.

Description

Die Erfindung dient der Trocknung von Schlämmen und verschmutzten Abwässern, wie sie bei der Abwasserbehandlung in Kläranlagen, Deponieabwässern oder auch bei der Massentierhaltung (Gülle) anfallen. Als Energiequelle wird vor allem die Solarstrahlung herangezogen; die Feuchte wird von der Luft aufgenommen und abgeführt.The invention serves to dry sludge and contaminated waste water, such as those used in wastewater treatment in sewage treatment plants, landfill wastewater or also in the case of factory farming (liquid manure). As an energy source especially the solar radiation is used; the moisture is taken up and carried away by the air.

Es sind verschiedene Trockner und Trocknungsverfahren für Schlämme und hochbelastete Abwässer bekannt, die auch industriell verwendet werden.There are various dryers and drying processes for sludge and highly contaminated wastewater known, which are also used industrially.

  • - WLB ENVITEC REPORT, 1989, J. Manzei
    "Schlammtrocknung läßt alle Wege offen"; Zeitschrift für Umwelttechnik, Vereinigte Fachverlage Krausskopf, Mainz    - WLB ENVITEC REPORT, 1989, J. Manzei
    "Mud drying leaves all roads open"; Journal of environmental technology, United specialist publishers Krausskopf, Mainz
  • - VDI Bildungswerk VDI Verlag, 1991
    Klärschlammentsorgung I, ISBN 3-18-401023-6    - VDI Bildungswerk VDI Verlag, 1991
    Sewage sludge disposal I, ISBN 3-18-401023-6
  • - U. Möller
    Klärschlammtrocknung als Aufbereitungsmaßnahmen Abwassertechnik, 1991    - U. Möller
    Sewage sludge drying as treatment measures in waste water technology, 1991

Des weiteren sind verschiedene Solartrockner bekannt, die für die Trocknung von großvolumigen Schüttgütern geeignet sind (P 37 17 313.8, Gebrauchsmusterschutz G 99 01 618.9). Als nachteilig haben sich die herkömmlichen Trocknungsanlagen durch die hohen Brennstoffkosten und den erforderlichen großen maschinellen Aufwand erwiesen. Besonders nachteilig stellt sich die Behandlung der Brüden dar, die bei industriellen Trocknern verfahrensbedingt durch Temperaturen über dem Wassersiedepunkt auftreten.Furthermore, various solar dryers are known for drying large-volume bulk goods are suitable (P 37 17 313.8, utility model protection G 99 01 618.9). The conventional ones have proved to be disadvantageous Drying systems due to the high fuel costs and the proved necessary great mechanical effort. Particularly disadvantageous represents the treatment of the vapors, which in industrial Dryers due to the process caused by temperatures above the water boiling point occur.

Mit dieser Erfindung soll erreicht werden, daß die Strahlungsenergie der Sonne für die Trocknung gezielt ausgenutzt werden kann und die notwendige Bewegung des zu trocknenden Gutes sichergestellt wird, wobei der Abtransport der Feuchte durch die Auftriebskräfte der Luft unterstützt wird. Dieses Ziel wird bei einer gattungsgemäßen Einrichtung nach Anspruch A) gelöst. Der luftdichte Abschluß einer transparenten Gebäudehülle mit einem Höhenunterschied zwischen Eintritt der Frischluft und Austritt der feuchten Abluft sowie dem Transport des zu trocknenden Materials im Gegenstrom zur Luft sind die wesentlichen Merkmale der erfindungsgemäß beschriebenen Einrichtung. Dies kann mit einer gewächshausähnlichen Konstruktion mit einem Abluftschacht erreicht werden, in den die zu entwässernden Stoffe, beispielsweise Naßschlämme oder stark verschmutzte Flüssigkeiten, eingebracht werden. Damit die Verdunstung des Wassers nicht durch Krustenbildung auf dem Naßgut behindert wird, wird eine Wende- und Transportvorrichtung eingesetzt, die eine Belüftung des Materials bei gleichzeitiger Zerkleinerung und Transport zuläßt. Bei flüssiger Konsistenz ist ein Absetzbecken vorgesehen, welches zum Untergrund abgedichtet ist. Mit bekannten Flockungsmitteln kann eine Sedimentierung der Schmutzteile ermöglicht werden. In einem porösen Filtermaterial, aufgebaut wie die bekannten Sandfilter, können Drainagerohre liegen, die die Flüssigkeit einem Auffangbecken zuführen. Dort wird die Flüssigkeit entweder mit geeigneten Verfahren neutralisiert, oder aber als Rückspülmittel für den Sandfilter benutzt, und so einer Trocknung zugeführt. Zur Verbesserung des Verfahrens kann nach Anspruch B) Luft durch das Filterbett geblasen werden, die erwärmt oder vorgetrocknet wurde, und nun mehr Feuchte aufnehmen kann.This invention is intended to ensure that the radiation energy of the Sun can be used specifically for drying and the necessary Movement of the material to be dried is ensured, the Removal of moisture is supported by the buoyancy of the air becomes. This goal is in a generic device according to claim A) solved. The airtight seal of a transparent building envelope with a difference in height between the entry of fresh air and Discharge of the moist exhaust air and the transport of the air to be dried Materials in counterflow to the air are the main characteristics of the Device described in the invention. This can be done with a greenhouse-like  Construction can be achieved with an exhaust duct, in which they too draining substances, for example wet sludge or heavily soiled Liquids. So that the evaporation of the water is not hindered by the formation of crusts on the wet material Turning and transport device used, the ventilation of the Allows material while crushing and transport. At A sedimentation basin is provided for the liquid consistency is sealed. Sedimentation can be carried out with known flocculants the dirt parts are made possible. In a porous filter material, constructed like the well-known sand filter, drainage pipes can lying, which feed the liquid to a catch basin. There is the Liquid either neutralized using suitable methods, or else used as backwashing agent for the sand filter, and so a drying fed. Air can be used to improve the method according to claim B) to be blown through the filter bed which is heated or pre-dried and can now absorb more moisture.

Von besonderem energetischen Vorteil bei der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung ist, daß zusätzlich zur Solarstrahlungsenergie auch die Abwärme aus anderen Quellen auch mit niedriger Temperatur zur Erwärmung der Trockenluft oder des Trockengutes zu nutzen wäre. Außerdem ist bekanntlicherweise feuchte Luft leichter als trockene, so daß die durch Auftriebskräfte induzierte Bewegung der Luftmassen für den Abtransport der Feuchte vorteilhaft unterstützt wird. Bei starker Geruchsemission, beispielsweise bei Gülletrocknung, besteht die Möglichkeit nach Anspruch C) die Abluft mit Hilfe von mechanischen Geräten durch geeignete Luftfilter zu pressen, wie sie z. B. als Biofilter in Tierkörperverwertungsanlagen eingesetzt werden.Of particular energetic advantage in the device according to the invention is that in addition to solar radiation energy, the waste heat other sources also with low temperature for heating the dry air or to use the dry goods. It is also known that moist air lighter than dry air, so that by buoyancy induced movement of the air masses for the removal of moisture is advantageously supported. With strong odor emissions, for example with slurry drying, there is the possibility according to claim C) Exhaust air with the help of mechanical devices through suitable air filters press how z. B. as a biofilter in animal rendering plants be used.

Eine gattungsgemäße Einrichtung kann auch an infrastrukturschwachen Standorten ohne Stromanschluß errichtet und betrieben werden, wobei der Transport und das Wenden des Materials mit Geräten erfolgen kann, wie sie z. B. aus der Landwirtschaft bekannt sind. Der mit der Erfindung erzielte Vorteil besteht im wesentlichen darin, daß die für die Verdampfung von Wasser aufzubringende Energie von der kostenlosen Strahlung der Sonne geliefert wird. Ein weiterer wirtschaftlicher Vorteil ist in dem möglichen einfachen apparativen Aufbau der Anlage zu sehen, in der sich lediglich ein bewegtes Anlagenteil befindet, die Wende- und Tansportmaschine. Letztere wird beispielsweise für Anlagen zur Verrottung von Festmist bereits eingesetzt. A generic facility can also be used on infrastructure-poor Locations without electricity are built and operated, the Transport and turning of the material can be done with equipment such as they z. B. are known from agriculture. The one with the invention The advantage achieved is essentially that for evaporation energy to be raised from water from free radiation is delivered to the sun. Another economic advantage is in the possible simple apparatus structure of the system can be seen in the there is only one moving system part, the turning and transport machine. The latter is used, for example, for rotting plants already used by solid manure.  

Ein weiterer Vortiel der Erfindung besteht insbesondere darin, daß mit Hilfe der Wende- und Transportvorrichtung die Verdunstungsrate gegenüber einem ruhenden System erheblich verbessert werden kann. Besonders vorteilhaft für eine Entkeimung der verschmutzten Flüssigkeit ist der Einfluß der harten UV-Strahlung, die beim Einsatz von geeigneten Kunststoffen als transparente Gebäudehülle auf die zu trocknende Flüssigkeit einwirken kann.Another advantage of the invention is that Using the turning and transport device to compare the evaporation rate a dormant system can be significantly improved. Particularly advantageous for disinfection of the contaminated liquid Influence of hard UV radiation when using suitable plastics as a transparent building envelope on the liquid to be dried can act.

Ein mögliches Ausführungsbeispiel ist in Fig. 1 gezeigt.A possible exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG. 1.

Über eine Zufuhr (1.1) wird das zu trocknende Material in ein Absetzbecken (1.2) mit poröser Filterschicht (1.3) gebracht. Die Filterschicht ist zum Untergrund abgedichtet, und es sind Drainagerohre (1.4) eingelegt. Die flüssigen Bestandteile können in ein Absetzbecken (1.5) geleitet werden und über eine Druckerhöhungsanlage (1.6) zum Rückspülen der Filterschicht benutzt werden. Eine derartige Rückspülung ist aus der Schwimmbadtechnik bekannt und erprobt. Zur zusätzlichen Auflockerung und Reinigung der Filterschicht erweist sich als vorteilhaft, Luft mit Hilfe einer Luftdruckerhöhungsanlage (1.7) einzublasen. Wird die Zuluft (1.7) darüber hinaus erwärmt und/oder entfeuchtet, wirkt sich dies positiv auf die Entfeuchtung des zu trocknenden Materials aus. Die Luftvorerwärmung (1.8) kann vorteilhaft mit Abwärme oder Solarenergie in geeigneten Kollektoren erfolgen. Die Steuerung des Rückspül- und Belüftungsvorganges kann mit Hilfe von geeigneten Absperrorganen (1.9) erfolgen. Die festen Bestandteile in der Flüssigkeit können mit Hilfe bekannter Flockungsmittel sedimiert werden. Eine bewegliche Tranport- und Wendevorrichtung (2.3) transportiert die festen Teile in Richtung einer schräg ansteigende Anschwemmfläche (2.1) und von dort in ein Grabensilo (2.2) das für die Erhöhung des Trocknungsvorganges auch mit bekannten Vorrichtung in Art einer Fußbodenheizung auch beheizt werden kann. Der Transport kann entweder durch eine sich drehende Paddelwalze erfolgen, die sich langsam in Drehrichtung bewegt und mit geeigneten Halterungen geführt wird. Andere bekannte Transportvorrichtungen, wie etwa Kettenförderer, sind dafür ebenfalls einsetzbar. Am Ende des Grabensilos wird das getrocknete Gut (2.4) in einem Behälter (2.5) gegeben, um schließlich abtransportiert zu werden. Als sehr günstig für den Trocknungsvorgang erweist sich die Ausbildung des umschließenden Gebäudes (3.1) mit einer transparenten Hülle, so daß die einfallende Strahlung das zu trocknende Material direkt erwärmt. Ein angebauter, kaminähnlicher Abluftschacht (3.2) ermöglicht den Abtransport der feuchten Luft durch Auftriebskräfte. Dieser Luftstrom (3.6) kann durch mechanische Antriebe (3.3) und/oder einer geeigneten Ablufthaube (3.4) verstärkt werden.The material to be dried is brought into a settling tank ( 1.2 ) with a porous filter layer ( 1.3 ) via a feed ( 1.1 ). The filter layer is sealed to the ground and drainage pipes ( 1.4 ) are inserted. The liquid components can be fed into a settling tank ( 1.5 ) and used to backwash the filter layer via a pressure booster ( 1.6 ). Backwashing of this type is known and tested from swimming pool technology. For additional loosening and cleaning of the filter layer, it proves advantageous to blow air in using an air pressure booster ( 1.7 ). If the supply air ( 1.7 ) is also heated and / or dehumidified, this has a positive effect on the dehumidification of the material to be dried. The air preheating ( 1.8 ) can advantageously be done with waste heat or solar energy in suitable collectors. The backwashing and ventilation process can be controlled with the help of suitable shut-off devices ( 1.9 ). The solid components in the liquid can be sedated using known flocculants. A movable transport and turning device ( 2.3 ) transports the solid parts in the direction of an obliquely rising precoat ( 2.1 ) and from there into a trench silo ( 2.2 ) which can also be heated with known devices in the manner of underfloor heating to increase the drying process. The transport can either be carried out by a rotating paddle roller, which slowly moves in the direction of rotation and is guided with suitable holders. Other known transport devices, such as chain conveyors, can also be used for this. At the end of the trench silo, the dried material ( 2.4 ) is placed in a container ( 2.5 ) in order to be finally transported away. The formation of the surrounding building ( 3.1 ) with a transparent envelope has proven to be very favorable for the drying process, so that the incident radiation heats the material to be dried directly. An attached, chimney-like exhaust duct ( 3.2 ) enables the moist air to be removed by buoyancy forces. This air flow ( 3.6 ) can be increased by mechanical drives ( 3.3 ) and / or a suitable exhaust hood ( 3.4 ).

Fig. 2 zeigt den Querschnitt der Anlage. Fig. 2 shows the cross section of the system.

Daraus wird die Funktion der Wende- und Transportvorrichtung ersichtlich. Die Eindringtiefe der Kratzfüße ist verstellbar.The function of the turning and transport device can be seen from this. The depth of penetration of the scratching feet is adjustable.

Fig. 3 zeigt die gattungsgemäße Einrichtung, jedoch ohne einen Abluftschacht, dafür aber mit einem mechanischen Antrieb (3.3), der die Abluft (3.6) durch einen geeigneten Filter (3.5) preßt. Dies kann dann erforderlich sein, wenn das zu behandelnde Trocknungsgut zu sehr geruchsbelästigend ist. Fig. 3 shows the generic device, but without an exhaust duct, but with a mechanical drive ( 3.3 ) that presses the exhaust air ( 3.6 ) through a suitable filter ( 3.5 ). This may be necessary if the items to be treated are too odorous.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

1.1 Zugabe, flüssig oder pastös
1.2 Absetzbecken
1.3 Filterschicht
1.4 Drainage und Rückspülrohr
1.5 Sammelbecken Abwasser
1.6 Druckerhöhungsanlage
1.7 Luftdruckerhöhungsanlage
1.8 Luftvorerwärmung
1.9 Absperrvorrichtung
1.10 Luftentfeuchtungsvorrichtung
2.1 Anschwemmfläche
2.2 Grabensilo
2.3 Wende- und Transportvorrichtung
2.4 Trockengut
2.5 Trockengutsammler
3.1 Transparente Gebäudehülle
3.2 Abluftschacht
3.3 Ventilator, Luftabzug
3.4 Abzugsverstärker
3.5 Biofilter
3.6 Feuchte Abluft
3.7 Frischluft 1.1 addition, liquid or pasty
1.2 sedimentation tanks
1.3 filter layer
1.4 Drainage and backwash pipe
1.5 sewage collection basin
1.6 Booster system
1.7 Air pressure booster system
1.8 Air preheating
1.9 shut-off device
1.10 dehumidifier
2.1 Alluvial surface
2.2 Trench silo
2.3 Turning and transport device
2.4 Dry goods
2.5 Dry goods collector
3.1 Transparent building envelope
3.2 Exhaust duct
3.3 Fan, air vent
3.4 Trigger amplifier
3.5 Biofilter
3.6 Humid exhaust air
3.7 Fresh air

Claims (5)

1. Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Trocknung von Schlämmen und verschmutzten Flüssigkeiten mit Unterstützung von Solarstrahlung mit folgenden Merkmalen:
  • 1. ein oder mehrere Gebäuden, die vorteilhaft mit einer transparenten Gebäudehülle ausgestattet sind, welche
    • 1.1 nach außen gegen unkontrollierten Lufteintritt abgedichtet ist, in dem
  • 2. ein Absetzbecken für flüssige und pastöse Stoffe ist, welches
    • 2.1 zum Untergrund abgedichtet und
    • 2.2 aus porösem Filtermaterial aufgebaut ist, in dem
    • 2.3 Entwässerungsrohre sowie
    • 2.4 Belüftungsrohre eingebracht
  • 3. sowie eine Anschwemm- und Trocknungsfläche untergebracht sind,
    gekennzeichnet dadurch,
    • 3.1 daß das zu trocknende Gut mit Hilfe einer geeigneten Vorrichtung gewendet und so transportiert wird, daß es
    • 3.2 in getrockneter Form am Ende des Gebäudes in einem Behälter gesammelt werden kann, wobei
    • 3.3 der Abtransport der Feuchte durch die Luft erfolgt, die an der Stirnseite der Gebäudehülle eintritt und selbstregelnd oder
    • 3.4 mit Hilfe der mechanisch angetriebenen Ventilatoren austritt, wobei die Merkmale 1., 2., 3. und 3.1 Oberbegriffe bilden.
1. Device and method for drying sludge and contaminated liquids with the support of solar radiation with the following features:
  • 1. one or more buildings, which are advantageously equipped with a transparent building envelope, which
    • 1.1 is sealed to the outside against uncontrolled air entry in which
  • 2. is a sedimentation tank for liquid and pasty substances, which
    • 2.1 sealed to the ground and
    • 2.2 is made up of porous filter material in which
    • 2.3 drainage pipes as well
    • 2.4 ventilation pipes introduced
  • 3. as well as a precoat and drying area,
    characterized by
    • 3.1 that the material to be dried is turned with the help of a suitable device and transported so that it
    • 3.2 can be collected in a dried form in a container at the end of the building, whereby
    • 3.3 the moisture is transported away through the air, which enters the front of the building envelope and is self-regulating or
    • 3.4 emerges with the help of the mechanically driven fans, whereby the characteristics 1., 2., 3. and 3.1 form generic terms.
2. Vorrichtung und Verfahren nach Ansprüchen 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zuluft mit Hilfe von Sonnenenergiesammlern oder sonstiger Fremdenergie vorgewärmt wird. 2. Device and method according to claims 1, characterized in that the supply air with the help of solar energy collectors or other external energy is preheated.   3. Vorrichtung und Verfahren nach Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zuluft mit Hilfe geeigneter Vorrichtungen getrocknet wird.3. Device and method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized characterized in that the supply air with the help of suitable devices is dried. 4. Vorrichtung und Verfahren nach Ansprüchen 1, 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abluft durch zusätzliche Filter gereinigt wird, die Schadstoffe eliminieren.4. Device and method according to claims 1, 2 and 3, characterized characterized in that the exhaust air is cleaned by additional filters will eliminate the pollutants. 5. Vorrichtung und Verfahren nach Ansprüchen 1, 2, 3 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anschwemm- und Trocknungsflächen zusätzlich beheizt werden.5. The device and method according to claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that the precoat and drying surfaces are additionally heated.
DE4315321A 1993-05-08 1993-05-08 Method and device for drying sludge and contaminated liquids Expired - Fee Related DE4315321C2 (en)

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