DE4303272A1 - Process for purifying waste air by a catalytic system - Google Patents

Process for purifying waste air by a catalytic system

Info

Publication number
DE4303272A1
DE4303272A1 DE4303272A DE4303272A DE4303272A1 DE 4303272 A1 DE4303272 A1 DE 4303272A1 DE 4303272 A DE4303272 A DE 4303272A DE 4303272 A DE4303272 A DE 4303272A DE 4303272 A1 DE4303272 A1 DE 4303272A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
air
waste air
catalytic system
purifying waste
exhaust air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE4303272A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Joern Dr Heinlein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HANDWERKSKAMMER HAMBURG
Original Assignee
HANDWERKSKAMMER HAMBURG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HANDWERKSKAMMER HAMBURG filed Critical HANDWERKSKAMMER HAMBURG
Priority to DE4303272A priority Critical patent/DE4303272A1/en
Publication of DE4303272A1 publication Critical patent/DE4303272A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/007—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by irradiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/84—Biological processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/864—Removing carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8668—Removing organic compounds not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8665
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/12—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

Waste air is passed over a mineral substrate from the class of the titanium oxides, which is irradiated by short-wave electromagnetic radiation. Inorganic and organic chemical compounds contained in the waste air are chemically changed by this process in such a way that, when contacted with aqueous media or moist solids in a downstream process step, they can be removed from the air.

Description

Die Reinigung, von Abluft ist heute oftmals ein großes technisches Problem. Abluft ist ein Gemisch aus Umgebungsluft und Abgasen aus technischen Prozessen, wobei die Abgase gesundheitsschädliche gasförmige Verunreinigungen und Aerosole enthalten können. Bekannte Verfahren zum Entfernen von schlecht wasser­ löslichen gasförmigen Verunreinigungen in Abluft sind im Prinzip Filtrationen, bei denen die Abluft durch poröses Material unterschiedlicher Porenweite gelei­ tet wird. Die die Luft verunreinigenden Gase werden dabei in dem porösen Material durch Ad- und Absorp­ tionsvorgänge gebunden. Erschöpfte Materialien müssen von Zeit zu Zeit ausgetauscht werden. Dies ist mit Stillstandzeiten der Reinigungsanlage, mit Recycling­ kosten bzw. Entsorgungskosten des Materials verbunden. Auch ist ein Katalysatoreinsatz zur Entfernung von die Luft verunreinigenden Gasen möglich. Gegenwärtig existierende Katalysatoren werden aber erst ab Tempe­ raturen aktiv, die oftmals weit über 350 Kelvin lie­ gen. Luft zu erwärmen, um sie dann bei hohen Tempera­ turen katalytisch zu reinigen, ist ein Prozeß, der häufig wirtschaftlich nicht vertretbar ist.The cleaning of exhaust air is often a big one today technical problem. Exhaust air is a mixture of Ambient air and exhaust gases from technical processes, the exhaust gases being harmful gaseous May contain impurities and aerosols. Known methods of removing bad water soluble gaseous impurities in the exhaust air in principle, filtrations in which the exhaust air passes through porous material with different pore sizes is tested. The air polluting gases thereby in the porous material by adsorption and absorption tion processes bound. Exhausted materials must be replaced from time to time. This is with Downtimes of the cleaning system, with recycling associated costs or disposal costs of the material. Also is a catalyst insert to remove gases polluting the air. Currently Existing catalysts will only become available from Tempe active, which is often well over 350 Kelvin air. To heat it at a high temperature Cleaning catalytic doors is a process that is often not economically viable.

Dem im Patentanspruch angegebenen Verfahren liegt das Problem zugrunde, die bei den üblichen katalytischen Verfahren hohen Temperaturen zu erniedrigen und die Produkte der katalytischen Reaktion kontinuierlich zu entsorgen. That is the method specified in the claim Underlying problem with the usual catalytic Process to lower high temperatures and the Products of the catalytic reaction continuously to dispose.  

Dieses Problem wird dadurch gelöst, daß die zu reinigende Luft über ein mineralisches Substrat aus der Klasse der Titanoxide strömt, das durch kurzwel­ lige elektromagnetische Strahlung aktiviert wird.This problem is solved in that the cleansing air from a mineral substrate the class of titanium oxides that flows through Kurzwel electromagnetic radiation is activated.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, bei Zimmertemperatur und darunter eine chemische Veränderung der die Luft verunreini­ genden Bestandteile bis hin zu unschädlichen Produk­ ten, falls nicht, zu in wäßrigen Medien leichtlös­ lichen Produkten zu erreichen, so daß die wasserlös­ lich gewordenen Abluftinhaltsstoffe entfernt werden können, wenn die zu reinigende Luft mit wäßrigen Medien oder feuchten Festkörpern in Kontakt gebracht wird.The advantages achieved with the invention exist especially in that, at room temperature and below a chemical change that pollutes the air components up to harmless product If not, too easily dissolved in aqueous media Lichen products to achieve so that the water soluble removed exhaust air ingredients can, if the air to be cleaned with aqueous Media or damp solids brought into contact becomes.

Die chemisch veränderten Abluftinhaltsstoffe können auch in wasserhaltigen, mit Mikroorganismen beauf­ schlagten Substraten gebunden werden, wobei die Mikroorganismen einen kontinuierlichen Abbau der sorbierten Schadstoffe bewirken.The chemically modified exhaust air ingredients can also in water containing microorganisms proposed substrates are bound, the Microorganisms a continuous breakdown of the sorbed pollutants.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel wird im folgenden näher beschrieben:An exemplary embodiment is described in more detail below described:

Eine zu reinigende Abluft enthält beispielsweise in Spuren Stickstoffmonoxid, Kohlenmonoxid und Kohlen­ wasserstoffe. Sämtliche drei Gase sind schwerlöslich in Wasser. Streicht die zu reinigende Luft über einen mineralischen Festkörper in Form von Anatas, einem Titandioxidmineral, das durch die Strahlung einer UV B-Strahlungsquelle aktiviert ist, so wird - bei Zimmertemperatur und darunter - das Stickstoffmonoxid zu Stickstoffdioxid, das Kohlenmonoxid teilweise zu Kohlendioxid und die Kohlenwasserstoffe zu Kohlen­ dioxid und Wasser oxidiert. Kohlendioxid und Wasser sind unschädliche Gase; das Stickstoffdioxid jedoch nicht, es ist aber gut löslich in Wasser, und läßt sich deshalb in einem nachfolgenden Prozeß, etwa durch Hindurchleiten durch einen porösen, feuchten Festkörperreaktor, Biofilter oder einen Wäscher aus der Luft entfernen.An exhaust air to be cleaned contains, for example, in Traces of nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and carbon hydrogen. All three gases are sparingly soluble in water. Brushes the air to be cleaned over you mineral solids in the form of anatase, a Titanium dioxide mineral, which is caused by the radiation of a  UV B radiation source is activated, then - at Room temperature and below - the nitrogen monoxide to nitrogen dioxide, some of the carbon monoxide Carbon dioxide and the hydrocarbons to coal oxidized dioxide and water. Carbon dioxide and water are harmless gases; the nitrogen dioxide, however not, but it is readily soluble in water, and leaves therefore in a subsequent process, for example by passing it through a porous, moist Solid state reactor, biofilter or a scrubber remove the air.

Claims (2)

1. Verfahren zur Reinigung von Abluft durch ein katalytisches System, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abluft über ein mineralisches Substrat aus der Klasse der Titanoxide strömt, das durch kurzwel­ lige elektromagnetische Strahlung aktiviert wird.1. A method for purifying exhaust air by a catalytic system, characterized in that the exhaust air flows over a mineral substrate from the class of titanium oxides, which is activated by short-wave electromagnetic radiation. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zu reinigende Luft mit wäßrigen Medien oder feuchten Festkörpern in Kontakt gebracht wird, damit wasserlöslich gewordene Abluftinhaltsstoffe entfernt werden können.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized, that the air to be cleaned with aqueous media or wet solids is brought into contact with it Exhaust substances that have become water-soluble are removed can be.
DE4303272A 1993-02-05 1993-02-05 Process for purifying waste air by a catalytic system Withdrawn DE4303272A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4303272A DE4303272A1 (en) 1993-02-05 1993-02-05 Process for purifying waste air by a catalytic system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4303272A DE4303272A1 (en) 1993-02-05 1993-02-05 Process for purifying waste air by a catalytic system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE4303272A1 true DE4303272A1 (en) 1994-08-11

Family

ID=6479676

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE4303272A Withdrawn DE4303272A1 (en) 1993-02-05 1993-02-05 Process for purifying waste air by a catalytic system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE4303272A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0769322A1 (en) * 1995-10-17 1997-04-23 Ebara Corporation Method of cleaning gases with a photocatalyst
EP0785016A1 (en) * 1996-01-17 1997-07-23 Rafflenbeul & Partner Process for cleaning contaminated air by combination of a biological cleaning step with a low temperature plasma cleaning step
WO1997048476A1 (en) * 1996-06-18 1997-12-24 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Photocatalyst

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3440781A1 (en) * 1984-11-08 1986-05-28 Germann, Franz Electronic-magnetic exhaust gas detoxification
DE4031382A1 (en) * 1989-10-06 1991-04-18 Niles Parts Co Ltd EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION DEVICE
DE3938592A1 (en) * 1989-11-21 1991-05-23 Thomas Keese Redn. of ozone content of air in room to safe levels - comprises drawing air over metal-oxide catalyst or UV source
DE4023995A1 (en) * 1990-07-28 1992-01-30 Ruetgerswerke Ag Purifying fresh and recirculated air in vehicle using photocatalyst - based on semiconductor in fixed stationary bed irradiated with UV light

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3440781A1 (en) * 1984-11-08 1986-05-28 Germann, Franz Electronic-magnetic exhaust gas detoxification
DE4031382A1 (en) * 1989-10-06 1991-04-18 Niles Parts Co Ltd EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION DEVICE
DE3938592A1 (en) * 1989-11-21 1991-05-23 Thomas Keese Redn. of ozone content of air in room to safe levels - comprises drawing air over metal-oxide catalyst or UV source
DE4023995A1 (en) * 1990-07-28 1992-01-30 Ruetgerswerke Ag Purifying fresh and recirculated air in vehicle using photocatalyst - based on semiconductor in fixed stationary bed irradiated with UV light

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0769322A1 (en) * 1995-10-17 1997-04-23 Ebara Corporation Method of cleaning gases with a photocatalyst
US6159421A (en) * 1995-10-17 2000-12-12 Ebara Corporation Method of cleaning gases
EP0785016A1 (en) * 1996-01-17 1997-07-23 Rafflenbeul & Partner Process for cleaning contaminated air by combination of a biological cleaning step with a low temperature plasma cleaning step
WO1997048476A1 (en) * 1996-06-18 1997-12-24 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Photocatalyst

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Legal Events

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OM8 Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law
8122 Nonbinding interest in granting licences declared
8139 Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee