DE4231474C1 - Supercharged IC engine with user turbine - has exhaust gas conduit downstream of turbocharger fed to turbine in drive connection with engine crankshaft - Google Patents

Supercharged IC engine with user turbine - has exhaust gas conduit downstream of turbocharger fed to turbine in drive connection with engine crankshaft

Info

Publication number
DE4231474C1
DE4231474C1 DE4231474A DE4231474A DE4231474C1 DE 4231474 C1 DE4231474 C1 DE 4231474C1 DE 4231474 A DE4231474 A DE 4231474A DE 4231474 A DE4231474 A DE 4231474A DE 4231474 C1 DE4231474 C1 DE 4231474C1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
turbine
exhaust gas
engine
internal combustion
combustion engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
DE4231474A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dieter Schoenfeld
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rolls Royce Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH
MTU Motoren und Turbinen Union Friedrichshafen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH, MTU Motoren und Turbinen Union Friedrichshafen GmbH filed Critical MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH
Priority to DE4231474A priority Critical patent/DE4231474C1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE4231474C1 publication Critical patent/DE4231474C1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B41/00—Engines characterised by special means for improving conversion of heat or pressure energy into mechanical power
    • F02B41/02—Engines with prolonged expansion
    • F02B41/10—Engines with prolonged expansion in exhaust turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/148—Blades with variable camber, e.g. by ejection of fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D7/00—Rotors with blades adjustable in operation; Control thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/22—Control of the pumps by varying cross-section of exhaust passages or air passages, e.g. by throttling turbine inlets or outlets or by varying effective number of guide conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05D2260/74—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades by turning around an axis perpendicular the rotor centre line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05D2260/76—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism using auxiliary power sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/50—Intrinsic material properties or characteristics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Abstract

The turbine (16) has a device for altering the turbine and compressor operation with the throughflow direction remaining the same. The blades of the turbine running wheel are adjustably formed dependent upon lowering exhaust gas temp. in the direction of the compressor drive. The blades of the turbine running wheel consist at least partly of a bi-metal cpd. material. The one bi-metal component is arranged with lower heat expansion on the blade front side. USE/ADVANTAGE - Supercharged IC engine with user turbine. With no-load running and small part loads a higher air mass throughput of the exhaust gas turbo-charge is achieved.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine aufgeladene Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Nutzturbine nach dem Oberbegriff des ersten Patentanspruchs. Damit wird eine Verbesserung des Wirkungsgrades einer Brennkraftmaschine im ganzen Betriebsbereich erzielt.The invention relates to a charged Internal combustion engine with a utility turbine according to the generic term of the first claim. This will improve the Overall efficiency of an internal combustion engine Operating range achieved.

Aus dem Aufsatz "An Update On Turbocompound And Adiabatic Engine Programs" aus der Zeitschrift "Diesel Progress North American" Juli 1981, Seite 52 bis 57, ist eine gattungsgemäße Anordnung bekannt. Bei Leerlauf und niedriger Teillast ist das Abgasaufkommen der Brennkraftmaschine gering. Bei diesen Betriebszuständen ist der Wirkungsgrad des Abgasturboladers daher schlecht und die von der Nutzturbine an die Kurbelwelle der Brennkraftmaschine noch abgegebene Leistung geht gegen Null. Bei einem Zweitaktmotor verschlechtert sich bei diesen Betriebszuständen die Spülluftversorgung durch ein abgasgetriebenes Spülluftgebläse.From the essay "An Update On Turbocompound And Adiabatic Engine Programs "from the magazine" Diesel Progress North American "July 1981, pages 52 to 57, is a generic one Known arrangement. At idle and low part load, that is Exhaust emissions of the internal combustion engine are low. With these Operating states is the efficiency of the exhaust gas turbocharger therefore bad and that from the power turbine to the crankshaft power still delivered to the internal combustion engine goes to zero. In the case of a two-stroke engine, this deteriorates Operating conditions the purge air supply through a exhaust-driven purge air blower.

Es ist deshalb Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine aufgeladene Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Nutzturbine zu schaffen, mit der bei Leerlauf und kleiner Teillast ein hoher Luftmassendurchsatz des Abgasturboladers erreichbar ist.It is therefore an object of the invention to charge a To create an internal combustion engine with a power turbine, with the a high air mass flow rate at idle and low partial load of the exhaust gas turbocharger can be reached.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des ersten Patentanspruches gelöst. Mit Veränderung der Nutzturbine von Turbinen- auf Verdichterbetrieb wird unter Leistungsaufnahme von der Kurbelwelle Abgas von der Auslaßseite der Turbine des Abgasturboladers abgesaugt. Dadurch erhöht sich das von der Turbine des Abgasturboladers nutzbare Druckgefälle und damit auch die an den Verdichter des Abgasturboladers abgegebene Antriebsleistung. Der Verdichter des Abgasturboladers erreicht auf diese Weise einen gegenüber dem Betrieb ohne Abgasabsaugung erhöhten Luftmassendurchsatz.This object is achieved with the characteristic Features of the first claim solved. With change  the utility turbine is switched from turbine to compressor operation Power consumption from the crankshaft exhaust gas from the exhaust side extracted from the turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger. This increases the pressure gradient that can be used by the turbine of the exhaust gas turbocharger and thus also to the compressor of the exhaust gas turbocharger delivered drive power. The turbocharger compressor achieves one compared to the operation without Exhaust gas extraction increased air mass flow.

Die weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ergibt sich aus den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 2 und 4.The further embodiment of the invention results from the Features of claims 2 and 4.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß für einen gegebenen Abgas- und Ladeluftmassendurchsatz eine kleinere Baugröße für den Abgasturbolader wählbar ist, daß für das Spülen der Zylinder eines Zweitaktmotors bei Leerlauf und kleiner Teillast das erforderliche Druckgefälle zwischen Zylinderein- und -auslaß aufrechterhaltbar ist und daß sich ein sonst für den Zweitaktmotor erforderliches Spülluftgebläse einsparen läßt.The advantages achieved with the invention are in particular in that for a given exhaust and Charge air mass flow rate a smaller size for the Exhaust gas turbocharger is selectable for purging the cylinder a two-stroke engine at idle and low partial load required pressure drop between cylinder inlet and outlet is maintainable and that an otherwise for the Two-stroke engine can save necessary purge air blower.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und wird nachstehend näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:An embodiment of the invention is in the drawings shown and will be described in more detail below. Show it:

Fig. 1 ein Anordnungsschema der Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Abgasturbolader und einer Nutzturbine; Figure 1 is a layout diagram of the internal combustion engine with an exhaust gas turbocharger and a power turbine.

Fig. 2 einen Umfangsschnitt der Beschaufelung der Nutzturbine in Abwicklung. Fig. 2 shows a circumferential section of the blading of the turbine in development.

Eine Brennkraftmaschine 11 ist mit einem aus Verdichter 13 und Turbine 14 bestehenden Abgasturbolader 12 und einer mit der Kurbelwelle 15 über Zahnräder 17 und 18 in Antriebsverbindung stehenden Nutzturbine 16 ausgerüstet.An internal combustion engine 11 is equipped with an exhaust gas turbocharger 12 consisting of a compressor 13 and a turbine 14 and a utility turbine 16 which is in drive connection with the crankshaft 15 via gear wheels 17 and 18 .

Eine von der Brennkraftmaschine 11 ausgehende Abgasleitung 19, 20 führt über die Turbine 14 des Abgasturboladers 12 zur Nutzturbine 16. Mittels einer verstellbaren Einrichtung 21 ist der Zuströmquerschnitt zum Nutzturbinenlaufrad dem Abgasmassenstrom anpaßbar.An exhaust line 19 , 20 extending from the internal combustion engine 11 leads via the turbine 14 of the exhaust gas turbocharger 12 to the utility turbine 16 . The inflow cross section to the utility turbine impeller can be adapted to the exhaust gas mass flow by means of an adjustable device 21 .

Die Schaufeln 22 der Nutzturbine 16 bestehen aus einem Bimetall-Verbundwerkstoff. Das hat zur Folge, daß sich die Schaufelgeometrie bei sich ändernder Abgastemperatur verändert. Durch die Anordnung der einen Bimetallkomponente 23 mit geringer Wärmedehnung auf der Schaufelvorderseite und der anderen Bimetallkomponente 24 mit hoher Wärmedehnung auf der Schaufelrückseite ergibt sich bei sinkender Abgastemperatur eine Veränderung der Schaufelgeometrie von der Turbinenstellung 26 in Richtung Verdichterstellung 27.The blades 22 of the power turbine 16 consist of a bimetal composite material. The consequence of this is that the blade geometry changes as the exhaust gas temperature changes. The arrangement of one bimetal component 23 with low thermal expansion on the front of the blade and the other bimetal component 24 with high thermal expansion on the rear of the blade results in a change in the blade geometry from the turbine position 26 towards the compressor position 27 as the exhaust gas temperature decreases.

Niedrige Abgastemperaturen treten bei Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine 11 im Leerlauf und kleiner Teillast auf. Gleichzeitig ist auch der Abgasmassenstrom klein. Der Abgasturbolader 12 arbeitet bei diesen Betriebszuständen der Brennkraftmaschine 11 mit schlechtem Wirkungsgrad und entsprechend geringem Luftmassendurchsatz.Low exhaust gas temperatures occur when the internal combustion engine 11 is operating at idle and with a low partial load. At the same time, the exhaust gas mass flow is small. The exhaust gas turbocharger 12 works in these operating states of the internal combustion engine 11 with poor efficiency and correspondingly low air mass throughput.

Die temperaturgesteuerte Veränderung der Nutzturbine 16 vom Turbinen- und Verdichterbetrieb bewirkt, daß unter Leistungsaufnahme der Nutzturbine 16 von der Kurbelwelle 15 bei gleichbleibender Durchströmungsrichtung 28 Abgas von der Auslaßseite der Turbine 14 des Abgasturboladers 12 abgesaugt wird. Dadurch erhöht sich das von der Turbine 14 nutzbare Druckgefälle und damit die an den Verdichter 13 abgegebene Antriebsleistung.The temperature-controlled change of the power turbine 16 from the turbine and compressor operation causes exhaust gas to be sucked out of the exhaust side of the turbine 14 of the exhaust gas turbocharger 12 while the power turbine 16 is drawing power from the crankshaft 15 while the flow direction 28 remains the same. This increases the pressure drop that can be used by the turbine 14 and thus the drive power delivered to the compressor 13 .

Der Verdichter 13 erreicht auf diese Weise einen gegenüber dem Betrieb ohne Abgasabsaugung erhöhten Luftmassendurchsatz. Der erzielte Effekt ist besonders vorteilhaft nutzbar, wenn die Brennkraftmaschine 11 ein Zweitaktmotor ist.In this way, the compressor 13 achieves an increased air mass throughput compared to operation without exhaust gas extraction. The effect achieved can be used particularly advantageously if the internal combustion engine 11 is a two-stroke engine.

Mit dem erhöhten Luftmassendurchsatz des Abgasturboladers 12 bei Leerlauf und kleiner Teillast läßt sich nämlich das für das Spülen der Zweitaktzylinder erforderliche Druckgefälle zwischen Zylinderein- und -auslaß aufrechterhalten, was den Verzicht auf ein sonst erforderliches zusätzliches Spülluftgebläse ermöglicht.With the increased air mass flow rate of the exhaust gas turbocharger 12 at idle and low partial load, the pressure drop between the cylinder inlet and outlet required for purging the two-stroke cylinder can be maintained, which makes it possible to dispense with an additional purge air blower that would otherwise be required.

Claims (4)

1. Aufgeladene Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Nutzturbine, wobei die Abgasleitung stromab des Abgasturboladers zu der mit der Kurbelwelle in Antriebsverbindung stehenden Nutzturbine geführt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nutzturbine (16) eine Einrichtung zur Veränderung von Turbinen- auf Verdichterbetrieb bei gleichbleibender Durchströmungsrichtung (28) aufweist.1. Supercharged internal combustion engine with a utility turbine, the exhaust pipe being guided downstream of the exhaust gas turbocharger to the utility turbine which is in drive connection with the crankshaft, characterized in that the utility turbine ( 16 ) has a device for changing turbine operation to compressor operation while the flow direction remains the same ( 28 ). having. 2. Aufgeladene Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Nutzturbine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schaufeln (22) des Nutzturbinenlaufrades in Abhängigkeit sinkender Abgastemperatur in Richtung Verdichterbetrieb (27) verstellbar ausgebildet sind.2. Supercharged internal combustion engine with a utility turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the blades ( 22 ) of the utility turbine impeller are designed to be adjustable as a function of decreasing exhaust gas temperature in the direction of compressor operation ( 27 ). 3. Aufgeladene Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Nutzturbine nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schaufeln (22) des Nutzturbinenlaufrades mindestens teilweise aus einem Bimetall-Verbundwerkstoff bestehen.3. Supercharged internal combustion engine with a power turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that the blades ( 22 ) of the power turbine impeller consist at least partially of a bimetal composite material. 4. Aufgeladene Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Nutzturbine nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die eine Bimetallkomponente (23) mit geringer Wärmedehnung auf der Schaufelvorderseite angeordnet ist.4. Supercharged internal combustion engine with a power turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that the one bimetallic component ( 23 ) with low thermal expansion is arranged on the front of the blade.
DE4231474A 1992-09-19 1992-09-19 Supercharged IC engine with user turbine - has exhaust gas conduit downstream of turbocharger fed to turbine in drive connection with engine crankshaft Expired - Fee Related DE4231474C1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4231474A DE4231474C1 (en) 1992-09-19 1992-09-19 Supercharged IC engine with user turbine - has exhaust gas conduit downstream of turbocharger fed to turbine in drive connection with engine crankshaft

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4231474A DE4231474C1 (en) 1992-09-19 1992-09-19 Supercharged IC engine with user turbine - has exhaust gas conduit downstream of turbocharger fed to turbine in drive connection with engine crankshaft

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DE4231474C1 true DE4231474C1 (en) 1994-01-20

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2037098A3 (en) * 2005-11-22 2009-05-06 Volvo Lastvagnar AB Turbo compound internal combustion engine
DE102008005201A1 (en) 2008-01-18 2009-07-23 Voith Patent Gmbh Turbocharger turbo compound system

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3303969A1 (en) * 1983-02-05 1984-08-09 MTU Motoren- und Turbinen-Union München GmbH, 8000 München Drive assembly with combustion engine, exhaust turbocharger and additional exhaust gas turbine

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3303969A1 (en) * 1983-02-05 1984-08-09 MTU Motoren- und Turbinen-Union München GmbH, 8000 München Drive assembly with combustion engine, exhaust turbocharger and additional exhaust gas turbine

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
US-Z.: Diesel Progress North American Juli 1981, S. 52-57 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2037098A3 (en) * 2005-11-22 2009-05-06 Volvo Lastvagnar AB Turbo compound internal combustion engine
DE102008005201A1 (en) 2008-01-18 2009-07-23 Voith Patent Gmbh Turbocharger turbo compound system

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