DE4202089A1 - Gas detection, determn. and/or combustion esp. in gas explosion prevention - includes using 1 or more combustion chambers into which vapour or gas is supplied - Google Patents
Gas detection, determn. and/or combustion esp. in gas explosion prevention - includes using 1 or more combustion chambers into which vapour or gas is suppliedInfo
- Publication number
- DE4202089A1 DE4202089A1 DE4202089A DE4202089A DE4202089A1 DE 4202089 A1 DE4202089 A1 DE 4202089A1 DE 4202089 A DE4202089 A DE 4202089A DE 4202089 A DE4202089 A DE 4202089A DE 4202089 A1 DE4202089 A1 DE 4202089A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- vapor
- gaseous substance
- gases
- combustion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 12
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- -1 vapors Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C19/00—Arrangements for treating, for handling, or for facilitating the handling of, fuel or other materials which are used within the reactor, e.g. within its pressure vessel
- G21C19/28—Arrangements for introducing fluent material into the reactor core; Arrangements for removing fluent material from the reactor core
- G21C19/30—Arrangements for introducing fluent material into the reactor core; Arrangements for removing fluent material from the reactor core with continuous purification of circulating fluent material, e.g. by extraction of fission products deterioration or corrosion products, impurities, e.g. by cold traps
- G21C19/317—Recombination devices for radiolytic dissociation products
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/50—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating flash-point; by investigating explosibility
- G01N25/54—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating flash-point; by investigating explosibility by determining explosibility
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C9/00—Emergency protection arrangements structurally associated with the reactor, e.g. safety valves provided with pressure equalisation devices
- G21C9/04—Means for suppressing fires ; Earthquake protection
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Es ist bekannt, daß brennbare Gase, Dämpfe, Gas- und/oder Dampfgemische in einer Brennkammer, deren Wände aus feinmaschigen Netzen bestehen, explosionssicher in einer ansonsten brennbaren Atmosphäre verbrannt werden können (vergl. OS DE 38 20 187.9).It is known that flammable gases, vapors, gas and / or Steam mixtures in a combustion chamber, the walls of which fine-meshed networks exist, explosion-proof in one otherwise combustible atmosphere can be burned (see OS DE 38 20 187.9).
Eine Verbrennung in einer derartigen Brennkammer erfolgt nur, wenn eine brennbare Atmosphäre in der Umgebung der Brennkammer vorhanden ist.Combustion takes place in such a combustion chamber only if there is a flammable atmosphere in the vicinity of the Combustion chamber is present.
Es ist weiter bekannt, daß Konzentrationen von brennbaren Gasen in Luft unterhalb der Unteren Explosions-Grenze (UEG) meist mit Hilfe von Gas-Spürgeräten gemessen werden, die z. B. mit Propan geeicht werden. Die Anwesenheit von weiteren Gasen - wie beispielsweise chlorierte Kohlenwasserstoffe - kann die Konzentrationsmessungen erheblich beeinflussen. Aus Sicherheitsgründen wird beispielsweise im Bergbau als Grenzwert 20 % der Konzentration der UEG vorgegeben, um selbst bei größeren Meßfehlern noch einen sicheren Abstand von der UEG einzuhalten.It is also known that concentrations of flammable Gases in air below the lower explosion limit (LEL) mostly measured using gas detectors that e.g. B. be calibrated with propane. The presence of other gases - such as chlorinated Hydrocarbons - can do concentration measurements significantly affect. For security reasons for example in mining as a limit of 20% of Concentration of the LEL given to even larger ones Measurement errors still a safe distance from the UEG to adhere to.
Ein Sensor zur Bestimmung von CO2-Konzentrationen wird derzeit kommerziell nicht angeboten.A sensor for determining CO 2 concentrations is currently not commercially available.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Anwesenheit von brennbaren Gasen, Dämpfen, Gas- und/oder Dampfgemischen nicht nur zu detektieren sondern auch den real vorliegenden Abstand von der UEG oder von der Oberen Explosions-Grenze (OEG) wesentlich genauer zu ermitteln. Ferner soll eine Bestimmung der CO2-Konzentration in einer Raumatmosphäre innerhalb bestimmter Grenzen ermöglicht werden.The invention is based on the object of not only detecting the presence of combustible gases, vapors, gas and / or steam mixtures but also of determining the real distance from the LEL or from the upper explosion limit (OEG) much more precisely. Furthermore, a determination of the CO 2 concentration in a room atmosphere should be made possible within certain limits.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß eine oder mehrere Brennkammern mit Wänden aus feinmaschigen Netzen als Sensor genutzt werden. Die Verbrennung wird mit geeigneten Meßfühlern wie z. B. ein temperaturabhängiger Widerstand zur Feststellung der Temperaturerhöhung der Brennkammerwand detektiert. Weiter bietet sich die bei einer Verbrennung emittierte elektro magnetische Strahlung zum Nachweis einer aufgetretenen Verbrennung an.This object is achieved in that one or more combustion chambers with walls fine mesh networks can be used as a sensor. The Combustion is carried out using suitable sensors such as B. a temperature dependent resistance to determine the Temperature increase in the combustion chamber wall detected. Continue offers the electro emitted during a combustion magnetic radiation to detect an occurred Combustion on.
Die erforderliche Zündfähigkeit im Inneren der Brennkammer wird bei Außenkonzentrationen von brennbaren Gasen, Dämpfen, Gas- und/oder Dampfgemischen unterhalb der UEG oder oberhalb der OEG dadurch erreicht, daß eine Einspeisung eines zusätzlichen, brennbaren, dampf- oder gasförmigen Stoffes in das Innere der Brennkammer erfolgt.The required ignitability inside the Combustion chamber becomes flammable at outside concentrations Gases, vapors, gas and / or steam mixtures below reached the UEG or above the OEG in that a Feeding an additional, flammable, steam or gaseous substance inside the combustion chamber he follows.
Die Menge des - bis zum Erreichen der Zündfähigkeit in der Brennkammer - eingespeisten dampf- oder gasförmigen Stoffes bestimmt die Gesamtkonzentration in der Brennkammer und liefert ein Maß für den Abstand der Außenkonzentration von der Explosionsgrenze. The amount of - until the ignitability is reached in the combustion chamber - fed vapor or gaseous Determines the total concentration in the Combustion chamber and provides a measure of the distance of the External concentration from the explosion limit.
Liegen außerhalb der Brennkammer brennbare Gase, Dämpfe, Gas- und/oder Dampfgemische in Konzentrationen vor:If there are flammable gases, vapors, Gas and / or vapor mixtures in concentrations before:
-
a) unterhalb der UEG,
dann liefert eine Einspeisung eines brennbaren dampf- oder gasförmigen Stoffes zusammen mit der vorher von außen in die Brennkammer gelangten Konzentration ein neues, brennbares Gemisch, das bei einer internen Zündung zu einer Verbrennung in der Brennkammer führt;a) below the UEG,
then a feed of a combustible vapor or gaseous substance together with the concentration that had previously entered the combustion chamber from the outside provides a new, combustible mixture which, when ignited internally, leads to combustion in the combustion chamber; -
b) zwischen UEG und OEG,
dann liefert die Einspeisung eines inertisierenden dampf- oder gasförmigen Stoffes ein Maß für den Abstand des äußeren, brennbaren Gemisches von der UEG, wenn anstelle der Beobachtung der Verbrennung die Beobachtung des Ausbleibens einer Verbrennung tritt.b) between UEG and OEG,
then the supply of an inerting vapor or gaseous substance provides a measure of the distance of the outer, flammable mixture from the LEL, if instead of observing the combustion there is no combustion. -
c) oberhalb der OEG,
dann liefert die Einspeisung von z. B. Luft in die Brennkammer ein neues, brennbares Gemisch in der Kammer.c) above the OEG,
then the supply of z. B. Air into the combustion chamber a new, flammable mixture in the chamber.
-
Als zusätzlich in die Brennkammer einzuspeisende Gase,
Dämpfe, Gas- und/oder Dampfgemische eignen sich,
insbesondere wenn:
- a) die Außenkonzentration der Gase, Dämpfe, Gas
und/oder Dampf-Gemische unterhalb der Konzentration
der UEG liegt,
diejenigen brennbaren Gase, Dämpfe, Gas- und/oder Dampfgemische, die bereits in der Umgebung der Brennkammer vorliegen oder zu erwarten sind, oder Wasserstoff und/oder Kohlenwasserstoffe enthaltende Gemische; - b) die Außenkonzentration der Gase, Dämpfe, Gas
und/oder Dampf-Gemische zwischen der Konzentration
der UEG und der OEG liegt,
inertisierende Gase oder Dämpfe wie Edelgase, N2, CO2, H2O-Dampf etc.; - c) die Außenkonzentration der Gase, Dämpfe, Gas
und/oder Dampf-Gemische oberhalb der Konzentration
der UEG liegt,
Sauerstoff enthaltende Gase oder Dämpfe wie z. B. Luft oder andere Sauerstoff liefernde Stoffe.
unterhalb der UEG mit unter a)
zwischen UEG und OEG mit unter b)
oberhalb der OEG mit unter c)
aufgeführten Gasen, Dämpfen, Gas- und/oder Dampfgemischen erfassen.Die Ermittlung der Konzentration eines im Raum befindlichen Inertgases oder -Dampfes in bestimmten Grenzen erfolgt mit Hilfe eines eingespeisten brennbaren dampf- oder gasförmigen Stoffes. Bei unterschiedlichen Konzentrationen des Inertgases oder -Dampfes erfolgt der Verlust der Zündfähigkeit des neu entstehenden Gemisches in der Brennkammer ebenfalls bei unterschiedlichen Konzentrationen des eingespeisten, brennbaren Stoffes. Als Anzeige dient das ausbleibende Signal der nicht mehr auftretenden Verbrennung. Für den Fall einer Beschädigung der Zufuhrleitungen für den dampf- oder gasförmigen Stoff können Absperreinrichtungen wie z. B. mit Eigenmedium betätigte Ventile ein unerwünschtes Austreten des dampf- oder gasförmigen Stoffes in die übrige Raumatmosphäre verhindern.Wesentliche Vorteile der Erfindung sind:- - Störungen oder Verfälschungen der Konzentrationsmessungen oder des Abstandes von den Explosionsgrenzen durch zusätzliche Gase, Dämpfe, Gas- und/oder Dampf-Gemische in der Raumatmosphäre treten nicht mehr auf;
- - bei Konzentrationen im explosionsfähigen Bereich in einem Raum außerhalb der Brennkammern ist eine Aussage möglich, welche Mengen inertisierender dampf- oder gasförmiger Stoffe für eine Inertisierung des Raumes ausreichend sind;
- - die Konzentrationsmessung eines inertiserenden Gases oder Dampfes - insbesondere CO2 - ist vor Ort möglich.
- a) the external concentration of the gases, vapors, gas and / or steam mixtures is below the concentration of the LEL,
those combustible gases, vapors, gas and / or vapor mixtures which already exist or are to be expected in the vicinity of the combustion chamber, or mixtures containing hydrogen and / or hydrocarbons; - b) the external concentration of the gases, vapors, gas and / or steam mixtures lies between the concentration of the LEL and the LEL,
inerting gases or vapors such as noble gases, N 2 , CO 2 , H 2 O vapor, etc .; - c) the external concentration of the gases, vapors, gas and / or steam mixtures is above the concentration of the LEL,
Gases or vapors containing oxygen such as e.g. B. air or other oxygen-providing substances.
below the UEG with under a)
between UEG and OEG with under b)
above the OEG with under c)
The gases, vapors, gas and / or vapor mixtures listed are determined. The concentration of an inert gas or vapor in the room is determined within certain limits with the aid of a combustible vapor or gaseous substance that is fed in. With different concentrations of the inert gas or vapor, the ignitability of the newly formed mixture in the combustion chamber is also lost at different concentrations of the combustible material fed in. The missing signal of the combustion no longer occurring serves as a display. In the event of damage to the supply lines for the vapor or gaseous substance shut-off devices such. B. Valves operated with own medium prevent undesired escape of the vaporous or gaseous substance into the rest of the room atmosphere. Essential advantages of the invention are:- - Disturbances or falsifications of the concentration measurements or the distance from the explosion limits due to additional gases, vapors, gas and / or steam mixtures in the room atmosphere no longer occur;
- - At concentrations in the potentially explosive area in a room outside the combustion chambers, it is possible to state which amounts of inerting vapor or gaseous substances are sufficient for inerting the room;
- - The concentration measurement of an inertizing gas or vapor - especially CO 2 - is possible on site.
- a) die Außenkonzentration der Gase, Dämpfe, Gas
und/oder Dampf-Gemische unterhalb der Konzentration
der UEG liegt,
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4202089A DE4202089A1 (en) | 1992-01-27 | 1992-01-27 | Gas detection, determn. and/or combustion esp. in gas explosion prevention - includes using 1 or more combustion chambers into which vapour or gas is supplied |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4202089A DE4202089A1 (en) | 1992-01-27 | 1992-01-27 | Gas detection, determn. and/or combustion esp. in gas explosion prevention - includes using 1 or more combustion chambers into which vapour or gas is supplied |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE4202089A1 true DE4202089A1 (en) | 1993-07-29 |
Family
ID=6450292
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE4202089A Withdrawn DE4202089A1 (en) | 1992-01-27 | 1992-01-27 | Gas detection, determn. and/or combustion esp. in gas explosion prevention - includes using 1 or more combustion chambers into which vapour or gas is supplied |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE4202089A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0640990A1 (en) * | 1993-08-24 | 1995-03-01 | GESELLSCHAFT FÜR ANLAGEN- UND REAKTORSICHERHEIT ( GRS) mbH | Device for passively rendering inert the gas mixture in the security containment of nuclear power plant |
EP0980705A2 (en) * | 1998-07-23 | 2000-02-23 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Apparatus for removing flammable gas |
CN102930770A (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-02-13 | 浙江工业大学 | Shock tube type combustible gas explosion experiment device |
-
1992
- 1992-01-27 DE DE4202089A patent/DE4202089A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0640990A1 (en) * | 1993-08-24 | 1995-03-01 | GESELLSCHAFT FÜR ANLAGEN- UND REAKTORSICHERHEIT ( GRS) mbH | Device for passively rendering inert the gas mixture in the security containment of nuclear power plant |
US5495511A (en) * | 1993-08-24 | 1996-02-27 | Gesellschaft fur Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) mbH | Device for passively inerting the gas mixture in the reactor containment of a nuclear power plant |
EP0980705A2 (en) * | 1998-07-23 | 2000-02-23 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Apparatus for removing flammable gas |
EP0980705A3 (en) * | 1998-07-23 | 2000-03-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Apparatus for removing flammable gas |
US6524534B1 (en) | 1998-07-23 | 2003-02-25 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Apparatus for removing flammable gas |
CN102930770A (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-02-13 | 浙江工业大学 | Shock tube type combustible gas explosion experiment device |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |