DE4015506A1 - High quality air prodn. using multiple filter - having mechanical, noble metal coated and varying pH filter elements, pref. with monitor and warning system - Google Patents

High quality air prodn. using multiple filter - having mechanical, noble metal coated and varying pH filter elements, pref. with monitor and warning system

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Publication number
DE4015506A1
DE4015506A1 DE4015506A DE4015506A DE4015506A1 DE 4015506 A1 DE4015506 A1 DE 4015506A1 DE 4015506 A DE4015506 A DE 4015506A DE 4015506 A DE4015506 A DE 4015506A DE 4015506 A1 DE4015506 A1 DE 4015506A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
filter
sensor
noble metal
air
pref
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE4015506A
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German (de)
Inventor
Hanns Rump
Heinz Hoelter
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to DE4015506A priority Critical patent/DE4015506A1/en
Publication of DE4015506A1 publication Critical patent/DE4015506A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/10—Filters; Dust separators; Dust removal; Automatic exchange of filters
    • A47L9/12—Dry filters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L7/00—Suction cleaners adapted for additional purposes; Tables with suction openings for cleaning purposes; Containers for cleaning articles by suction; Suction cleaners adapted to cleaning of brushes; Suction cleaners adapted to taking-up liquids
    • A47L7/04—Suction cleaners adapted for additional purposes; Tables with suction openings for cleaning purposes; Containers for cleaning articles by suction; Suction cleaners adapted to cleaning of brushes; Suction cleaners adapted to taking-up liquids for using the exhaust air for other purposes, e.g. for distribution of chemicals in a room, for sterilisation of the air
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/10—Filters; Dust separators; Dust removal; Automatic exchange of filters
    • A47L9/19—Means for monitoring filtering operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/20—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation
    • F24F8/24—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation using sterilising media
    • F24F8/26—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation using sterilising media using ozone
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
    • G01N33/0031—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector comprising two or more sensors, e.g. a sensor array
    • G01N33/0032—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector comprising two or more sensors, e.g. a sensor array using two or more different physical functioning modes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Abstract

Process and appts. are for producing esp. high air quality and monitoring this involves passing the air to be purified consecutively by (a) a mechanical filter element effecting very high purificn. which consists of (non)-woven fabric or electrets; (b) an element of filter material coated with noble metal, pref. by electroplating; and (c) a filter with layers of different pH, the last stage being strongly alkaline and sealed by an absolute filter. The noble metal coating pref. consists of Au, Pt or Pd. The sequence of the elements may be varied. A sensor is placed in the outlet zone. This consists of SnO2, phthalocyanine and FETMOS bio-sensor elements, giving signals processed in a microprocessor, which controls a display element and/or audible warning system. The computer programme of the microprocessor is made so that it produces an additive effect of the individual sensor elements and opposite tendencies are compensated. USE/ADVANTAGE - The filter is useful in industry, laboratories and hospitals, e.g. for air conditioning, clean room technology in semiconductor mfr., gene technology, medical technology etc. It is reliable and ensures removal of dust, gases, e.g. SO2, organic cpds. and residues of protein mols., e.g. bacteria, house mites, bacteria, fungi etc.

Description

In immer größerem Maße wird bekannt, daß saubere und schad­ stoffreie Luft für die Gesundheit der Menschen von größter Bedeutung ist.It is becoming increasingly known that clean and harmful pollutant-free air for the health of the people of the greatest Meaning is.

Mit steigender Anzahl allergiekranker Menschen nimmt die Bedeutung der technischen Luftreinigung zu.With an increasing number of people suffering from allergies, the Importance of technical air cleaning too.

Es sind zahlreiche Filtersysteme bekannt, die sich der Auf­ gabe annehmen, die Atemluft von staub- und gasförmigen Schadstoffen zu reinigen.Numerous filter systems are known that focus on accept the breath of dust and gaseous air To clean pollutants.

Insbesondere die Hersteller von Staubsaugern bemühen sich zunehmend, die Filterleistung so zu verbessern, daß die ausgeblasene Luft frei von Stäuben und Allergenen ist.In particular, the manufacturers of vacuum cleaners make an effort increasingly to improve the filter performance so that the blown air is free of dusts and allergens.

Eine zufriedenstellende Lösung ist jedoch nicht bekannt.However, a satisfactory solution is not known.

Aus diesem Grunde wird im Rahmen dieser Erfindung vorge­ schlagen, Filtersysteme, insbesondere für Staubsauger, mehr­ stufig auszurüsten. Die Erfindung macht sich die besonderen Eigenschaften einzelner Filterelemente zunutze, um eine optimierte Wirkung zu erzielen.For this reason, is proposed within the scope of this invention beat, filter systems, especially for vacuum cleaners, more to equip in stages. The invention makes itself special Take advantage of properties of individual filter elements in order to to achieve an optimized effect.

So besitzt der erfindungsgemäße Filter prinzipiell folgenden Aufbau:In principle, the filter according to the invention has the following Construction:

1. Stufe: Absolut-Staubfilter1st stage: Absolute dust filter

Aufbau im Prinzip wie die bekannten Filter aus textilen oder zellstoffartigen Materialien. Diese Stufe hält Partikel bis zu einer gewissen Mindest­ größe zurück und ist so aufgebaut, daß er einfach und billig auswechselbar ist. Structure in principle like the well-known filters textile or cellulose-like materials. These Level keeps particles up to a certain minimum size back and is built to be easy and is cheaply interchangeable.  

2. Stufe: Bakterizider Filter2nd stage: bactericidal filter

Dabei wird vorzugsweise mineralisches Fasermate­ rial vorzugsweise galvanisch mit einer Edelmetall­ oberfläche ausgerüstet. In der bevorzugten Aus­ führung ist eine Goldschicht eingesetzt. Die Schichtdicke beträgt nur wenige Moleküllagen, um wirkungsvoll Keime, wie Pilze oder Bakterien zu agglomerieren, wobei die Edelmetallschicht bakte­ rizid wirkt und einer Verkeimung des Filters ent­ gegenwirkt.Mineral fiber mate is preferred rial preferably galvanically with a precious metal surface equipped. In the preferred Aus leadership is a gold layer used. The Layer thickness is only a few molecular layers, um effective germs, such as fungi or bacteria agglomerate, the noble metal layer bakt has a ricidal effect and prevents contamination of the filter counteracts.

Die Wechselintervalle dieser Stufe sind deutlich geringer als die der 1. Stufe. Neben Gold eigenen sich Edelmetall wie Platin, Palladium etc.The change intervals of this level are clear less than that of the 1st stage. In addition to gold own precious metals such as platinum, palladium etc.

3. Stufe: Schichtfilter mit wechselnder Ausrüstung des pH- Wertes3rd stage: layer filter with changing equipment of the pH Worth

So ist mindestens je eine Lage sauer bzw. alka­ lisch behandelter Filterschichten, die durch eine pH-neutrale Lage voneinander getrennt sind, vorhan­ den.So at least one layer is acidic or alkali lisch treated filter layers through a pH-neutral layer are separated, existing the.

Die Filterschichten können aus textilem oder mineralischem Fasermaterial bestehen oder auch aus Aktivkohle.The filter layers can be made of textile or mineral fiber material consist of or Activated carbon.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Kombination ist zuverlässig ge­ währleistet, daß nicht nur Stäube mechanisch zurückgehalten werden. Vielmehr wirkt die 2. und 3. Stufe wirkungsvoll ins­ besondere Gasen wie z. B. SO₂ entgegen. Wesentlich ist, daß organische Verbindungen und Reste von Eiweißmolekülen, wie sie als Bakterien, Hausmilben und deren Ausscheidungen und abgetötete Reste nicht nur zuverlässig zurückgehalten werden, sondern vielmehr hält der nach vorstehender Lehre aufgebaute Filter diese organischen Substanzen fest und setzt keine Allergene frei. The combination according to the invention is reliable ensures that not only dusts are mechanically retained will. Rather, the 2nd and 3rd stages are effective special gases such as B. SO₂ counter. It is essential that organic compounds and residues of protein molecules, such as them as bacteria, house mites and their excretions and killed remains not only reliably retained rather, it holds according to the above teaching built up filters these organic substances solid and does not release allergens.  

Diese Eigenschaft ist insbesondere dann von Bedeutung, wenn bei feuchter Luft Bakterien, Pilze und Milben dazu neigen, sich im Filter hemmungslos zu vermehren.This property is particularly important if in humid air bacteria, fungi and mites tend to multiply unrestrained in the filter.

Da gleichzeitig gasförmige Substanzen ebenfalls zurückge­ halten werden, kann der Staubsauger bedenkenlos auch in der Industrie, in Laboratorien und Krankenhäusern eingesetzt werden.Since gaseous substances are also returned at the same time can be held, the vacuum cleaner can also in the Industry, used in laboratories and hospitals will.

Es ist wesentlich, daß erkannt werden muß, wann der Filter erschöpft ist und durch einen neuen ersetzt werden muß. Da die Lebensdauer im wesentlichen eine Frage der Belastung ist, sind feste Wechselintervalle wenig sinnvoll. Hier schlägt die Erfindung vor, einen elektronischen Sensor zu verwenden, der den Gehalt an Gasen und organischen Bestand­ teilen erkennen kann.It is essential to recognize when the filter is exhausted and must be replaced by a new one. There the lifespan is essentially a matter of stress fixed change intervals are not very useful. Here the invention proposes to an electronic sensor use the content of gases and organic stock can recognize sharing.

In diesem Zusammenhang bekannt sind Sensorelemente auf Metalloxidbasis, vorzugsweise jedoch aus beheiztem Zinn­ dioxid. Diese Sensorelemente erkennen oxidierbare Substan­ zen, z. B. Kohlenmonoxid und Methan. Damit ist nur ein Bruch­ teil der schädlichen Substanzen erkennbar.In this context, sensor elements are known Metal oxide base, but preferably made of heated tin dioxide. These sensor elements recognize oxidizable substances zen, z. B. carbon monoxide and methane. This is just a break some of the harmful substances are recognizable.

Bekannt sind in diesem Zusammenhang Kombinationen von ver­ schiedenen Sensorelementen, um auch Stickoxide nachweisen zu können. Insbesondere werden Kombinationen von Zinndioxid­ und Phthalocyanin-Sensorelementen eingesetzt.Combinations of ver different sensor elements to also detect nitrogen oxides can. In particular, combinations of tin dioxide and phthalocyanine sensor elements are used.

Die hier vorgestellte Erfindung schlägt ergänzend vor, die vorstehend beschriebenen Sensorkombinationen um ein Sensor­ element zum Nachweis von Eiweißmolekülen zu erweitern.The invention presented here additionally proposes that Sensor combinations described above around a sensor expand element for the detection of protein molecules.

Insbesondere werden sogenannte BIO-Sensoren nach dem FETMOS- Prinzip eingesetzt, deren Transistor-Gate aus enzymatischen Schichten bestehen. In particular, so-called BIO sensors based on the FETMOS Principle used, whose transistor gate is made of enzymatic Layers exist.  

Fig. 1 zeigt den prinzipiellen Aufbau des Filters: Ein mechanisches Gehäuse (1) nimmt die Filterelemente auf und sorgt für die Luftführung. Die einströmende Luft (3) passiert den Staubfilter (2), um anschließend in den bakte­ riziden Filter (4) zu gelangen, der aus mehreren Schichten - wie oben beschrieben - besteht und verläßt die Anordnung (7), wobei die Ausströmluft an einem Sensorelement (6) vor­ beigeführt wird. Fig. 1 shows the basic structure of the filter: A mechanical housing ( 1 ) accommodates the filter elements and provides airflow. The inflowing air ( 3 ) passes through the dust filter ( 2 ) in order to then pass into the bactericidal filter ( 4 ), which consists of several layers - as described above - and leaves the arrangement ( 7 ), with the outgoing air at a sensor element ( 6 ) before is added.

Fig. 2 zeigt den prinzipiellen Aufbau des Sensors: Ein Mikroprozessor (1) wird von einem Programm gesteuert, das in einem Speicher (7) abgelegt ist. Der Prozessor liest über einen Analog/Digital-Wandler, der vorzugsweise inte­ griert ist, die Ausgangssignale einer Sensorgruppe, die aus Zinndioxidsensoren (2), Phthalocyaninsensoren (4), FETMOS- Bio-Sensoren (3) besteht. Die Auswertung der Signale erfolgt derart, daß die spezifischen Eigenschaften der einzelnen Sensorelemente und die Quereinflüsse einzelner Substanzen auf alle Sensorelemente im Sinne einer Korrektur so berück­ sichtigt werden, daß das im Prozessor errechnete Signal ein Maß für das vorhandene Gefährungspotential ist, wobei die Einflüsse aus Gasen, Allergenen und anderen Eiweißbestand­ teilen gewichtet sind. Fig. 2 shows the basic structure of the sensor: A microprocessor ( 1 ) is controlled by a program that is stored in a memory ( 7 ). The processor reads through an analog / digital converter, which is preferably inte grated, the output signals of a sensor group consisting of tin dioxide sensors ( 2 ), phthalocyanine sensors ( 4 ), FETMOS bio sensors ( 3 ). The signals are evaluated in such a way that the specific properties of the individual sensor elements and the cross influences of individual substances on all sensor elements are taken into account in the sense of a correction so that the signal calculated in the processor is a measure of the existing hazard potential, the influences from gases , Allergens and other protein components are weighted.

Selbstverständlich ist die Erfindung nicht streng auf den beschriebenen Anwendungszweck hin ausgerichtet, sondern die sinngemäße und vorteilhafte Anwendung im Bereich der allge­ meinen Luftreinhaltung, Klimatisierungstechnik, Reinraum­ technik für Halbleiterherstellung, Gentechnologie, Medizin­ technik und verwandter Gebiete ist ebenfalls Gegenstand der erfindungsgemäßen Anmeldung.Of course, the invention is not strictly based on that described application purpose oriented, but the analogous and advantageous application in the area of general my air pollution control, air conditioning technology, clean room technology for semiconductor manufacturing, genetic engineering, medicine technology and related areas is also the subject of application according to the invention.

Claims (5)

1. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer besonders hohen Luftgüte und Überwachung derselben, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zu reinigende Luft zuerst einem mechanisch wir­ kenden Höchstreinigungsfilterelement zugeführt wird, der als Gewebe oder Elektrete oder Vlies ausgebildet ist. Anschließend passiert die zu reinigende Luft ein Filter­ element, das aus vorzugsweise galvanisch mit Edelmetall beschichtetem Filtermaterial besteht und wird anschließ­ end durch eine aus Filterschichten unterschiedlicher pH-Werte bestehenden Filtereinrichtung geführt, wobei die Endstufe stark alkalisch ist und von einem nachgesetzten Absolutfilter abgeschlossen wird.1. A method and apparatus for producing a particularly high air quality and monitoring the same, characterized in that the air to be cleaned is first fed to a mechanically effective maximum cleaning filter element which is designed as a fabric or electret or fleece. Then the air to be cleaned passes through a filter element, which consists of filter material that is preferably galvanically coated with noble metal, and is then passed through a filter device consisting of filter layers of different pH values, the output stage being strongly alkaline and being terminated by a subsequent absolute filter. 2. Anspruch nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Edelmetallauflage aus Gold oder Platin oder Pal­ ladium besteht.2. Claim according to claim 1, characterized, that the precious metal overlay made of gold or platinum or pal ladium exists. 3. Anspruch nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Reihenfolge unterschiedlich sein kann.3. Claim according to claim 1, characterized, that the order can be different. 4. Anspruch nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Auslaßbereich ein Sensor angeordnet ist, der aus Einzelsensorelementen wie folgt besteht:
  • - Zinndioxid-Sensor
  • - Phthalocyanin-Sensor
  • - FETMOS-Bio-Sensor.
4. Claim according to claim 1, characterized in that a sensor is arranged in the outlet area, which consists of individual sensor elements as follows:
  • - Tin dioxide sensor
  • - phthalocyanine sensor
  • - FETMOS bio sensor.
Die von den Sensorelementen ausgehenden Signale werden in einem Mikroprozessor verarbeitet, der ein Anzeigeelement und/oder einen Schallwandler zur akustischen Warnung an­ steuert.
Das Rechenprogramm des Mikroprozessors ist so aufgebaut, daß eine additive Wirkung der einzelnen Sensorelemente erzielt wird und gegenläufige Tendenzen kompensiert werden.The signals emanating from the sensor elements are processed in a microprocessor which controls a display element and / or a sound transducer for acoustic warning.
The computer program of the microprocessor is designed so that an additive effect of the individual sensor elements is achieved and opposing tendencies are compensated for.
DE4015506A 1990-05-15 1990-05-15 High quality air prodn. using multiple filter - having mechanical, noble metal coated and varying pH filter elements, pref. with monitor and warning system Ceased DE4015506A1 (en)

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DE4015506A DE4015506A1 (en) 1990-05-15 1990-05-15 High quality air prodn. using multiple filter - having mechanical, noble metal coated and varying pH filter elements, pref. with monitor and warning system

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4015506A DE4015506A1 (en) 1990-05-15 1990-05-15 High quality air prodn. using multiple filter - having mechanical, noble metal coated and varying pH filter elements, pref. with monitor and warning system

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DE4015506A1 true DE4015506A1 (en) 1991-11-21

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4204553A1 (en) * 1992-02-15 1993-08-19 Miele & Cie Vacuum cleaner with separately replaceable fine filter - has additional odour removing or masking filter
DE9411232U1 (en) * 1994-07-12 1994-09-29 Kesslertech Gmbh Device for monitoring the function of a ventilation and air conditioning system
WO1999030087A1 (en) * 1997-12-09 1999-06-17 David Andrew West Therapeutic air vent filter screen
US5944878A (en) * 1995-04-12 1999-08-31 Curt Lindhe Konsult & Forvaltnings Ab Multiple-element air filter
GB2347363A (en) * 1999-02-13 2000-09-06 Newton Holdings Air filtration system
WO2001006248A2 (en) * 1999-06-29 2001-01-25 Carrier Corporation Biosensors for monitoring air conditioning and refrigeration processes
DE102018112522A1 (en) * 2018-05-24 2019-11-28 Wolf Pvg Gmbh & Co. Kg Vacuum cleaner bags, packaging for vacuum cleaner bags, vacuum cleaners with a vacuum cleaner bag and method for detecting at least one pollutant on a vacuum cleaner bag

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DE4204553A1 (en) * 1992-02-15 1993-08-19 Miele & Cie Vacuum cleaner with separately replaceable fine filter - has additional odour removing or masking filter
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