DE3641260A1 - Process and apparatus for the pulsed anaerobic and aerobic treatment of effluent and water - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for the pulsed anaerobic and aerobic treatment of effluent and water

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Publication number
DE3641260A1
DE3641260A1 DE19863641260 DE3641260A DE3641260A1 DE 3641260 A1 DE3641260 A1 DE 3641260A1 DE 19863641260 DE19863641260 DE 19863641260 DE 3641260 A DE3641260 A DE 3641260A DE 3641260 A1 DE3641260 A1 DE 3641260A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
anaerobic
water
reactor according
pulse
reactor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19863641260
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German (de)
Inventor
Ernst A Prof Dr Stadlbauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STADLBAUER JOHANN
Stadlbauer Thomas H W
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STADLBAUER JOHANN
Stadlbauer Thomas H W
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by STADLBAUER JOHANN, Stadlbauer Thomas H W filed Critical STADLBAUER JOHANN
Priority to DE19863641260 priority Critical patent/DE3641260A1/en
Publication of DE3641260A1 publication Critical patent/DE3641260A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/06Aerobic processes using submerged filters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/28Anaerobic digestion processes
    • C02F3/2806Anaerobic processes using solid supports for microorganisms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/301Aerobic and anaerobic treatment in the same reactor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a process and an apparatus (also termed reactor below) for producing purified effluent and water. Anaerobic and aerobic purification methods using this process and this reactor type avoid breakthroughs in the form of short-circuit flows and deposition of inactive biomass (waste sludge, dead biofilm, inert sink material) and promote detachment and discharge of dead biomass in the case of colonisation growth. As a result, the active usable volume is increased and degradation rate and gas yield are increased in interaction with the increased mixing and degassing is accelerated.

Description

1.1 ANAEROBE VERFAHRENSKONZEPTE1.1 ANAEROBIC PROCEEDINGS

Ausgehend von der anaeroben Faulung kommunaler Art in volldurchmischten Reaktoren mit Suspensawachstum wurde in den letzten 10 Jahren Hochleistungssysteme entwickelt. Diese sind optimiert auf die anaerobe Vorreinigung großer Volumina organisch stark belasteter Abwässer der Nahrungs- und Genußmittelindustrie sowie des Agrarbereichs auf CSB-Ablaufwerte von 400-1500 ppm bei relativ kurzer Verweilzeit.Starting from the anaerobic digestion of communal kind in fully mixed reactors with suspension growth was in the developed high-performance systems in the last 10 years. These are organically optimized for the anaerobic pre-cleaning of large volumes highly contaminated waste water from the food and luxury food industry as well as the agricultural sector with COD discharge values of 400-1500 ppm relatively short dwell time.

Zu den neuen Konzeptionen zählen: Kontaktverfahren mit Suspensa- Rückführung; Reaktoren mit Ansiedlungswachstum (Festbettreaktoren, Anaerobfilter, Schwebe- und Fließbettreaktoren, Schleifenreaktoren) &&&& sowie Schlammbettreaktoren (UASB) mit Bakterien-Pelletbildung und interner Phasentrennung. Die Verfahrenskonzepte schließen häufig eine Vorversäuerung bei pH 3,5-6,5 und eine optimale Prozeßtemperatur von 30-33°C sowie Methanisierung bei pH 6,5-7,5 und 33-38°C in Form sog. zweistufiger Verfahren mit ein. Nährstoff/Nährsalzminimum: CSB/N/P = 800/5/1.The new concepts include: Contact procedure with Suspensa- Return; Settlement reactors (fixed bed reactors, Anaerobic filters, floating and fluidized bed reactors, loop reactors) &&&& and sludge bed reactors (UASB) with bacterial pellet formation and internal phase separation. The procedural concepts close often pre-acidification at pH 3.5-6.5 and optimal Process temperature of 30-33 ° C and methanation at pH 6.5-7.5 and 33-38 ° C in the form of so-called two-step processes. Minimum nutrient / nutrient salt: COD / N / P = 800/5/1.

Gemeinsam ist diesen Systemen die Rückhaltung von aktiver Biomasse. Neben der mesophilen Prozeßführung ist auch der anaerobe Abbau im thermophilen Bereich technisch realisiert.What these systems have in common is the retention of active biomass. In addition to the mesophilic process control, anaerobic degradation is also in the thermophilic area technically realized.

Allgemeine Vorzüge dieser "Methangärung" sind:General advantages of this "methane fermentation" are:

  • - Realisierung einer hohen CSB-Raumbelastung bis ca. 100 000 mg CSB/l;- Realization of a high COD space load up to approx. 100,000 mg COD / l;
  • - kein Energieinput, sondern Energiegewinn in Form von 0,3-0,4 m3 Biogas pro Kilogramm eliminierten CSB entsprechend 1,9-2,6 KWh/kg CSB- No energy input, but energy gain in the form of 0.3-0.4 m 3 biogas per kilogram eliminated COD corresponding to 1.9-2.6 KWh / kg COD
  • - nur 3-5% des eliminierten CSB fallen als (weiter zu entsorgender) Überschußschlamm an. Zum Vergleich: 25%-40% bei aeroben Verfahren- only 3-5% of the eliminated COD falls as (to be disposed of) Excess sludge on. For comparison: 25% -40% for aerobic processes
  • - Verringerung von Geruchsemissionen.- Reduction of odor emissions.

Der Vorteil der modernen Konzepte liegt in der Entkopplung von Aufenthaltszeit im Reaktor und den relativ langen Generationszeiten der Methanbakterien (siehe oben). Dadurch kann man Aufenthaltszeiten von weniger als einem Tag realisieren und mit aeroben Verfahren unter Verringerung der Betriebskosten konkurrieren.The advantage of modern concepts lies in the decoupling of Residence time in the reactor and the relatively long generation times of methane bacteria (see above). So you can Realize residence times of less than one day and with aerobic process while reducing operating costs compete.

Zur Erreichung der Vorfluterreife des Abwassers wird eine aerobe Stufe nachgeschaltet (anaerob-aerob Behandlung) bzw. eine Einleitung in eine kommunale Kläranlage vorgenommen. Anaerobe Verfahren sind u. a. geeignet für Industriewasser von Zucker-, Stärke-, Hefe-, Pektin-, Carragen-, Kaugummifabriken sowie Betriebe der Obst-, Gemüse- und Kartoffelverwertung sowie Abläufe aus Molkereien, Brauereien, Brennereien, Schlachthöfen und Fleisch- und Fischverarbeitung.To achieve the receiving water maturity of the wastewater, an aerobic Downstream level (anaerobic-aerobic treatment) or one Introduction into a municipal wastewater treatment plant. Anaerobic Procedures are u. a. suitable for industrial water from sugar, Starch, yeast, pectin, carrage, chewing gum factories and factories fruit, vegetable and potato recycling as well as processes Dairies, breweries, distilleries, slaughterhouses and meat and Fish processing.

Großtechnisch wurden bis 1986 weltweit 160 anaerobe Hochleistungssysteme installiert. Davon stehen 20 Anlagen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.By 1986, 160 anaerobes had been developed on an industrial scale High performance systems installed. 20 of them are in the  Federal Republic of Germany.

Die anaerobe Vorreinigung ist in der Zuckerindustrie und bei Brennereien mit 120 Anlagen am stärksten eingesetzt.Anaerobic pre-cleaning is in the sugar industry and at Distilleries with 120 plants most used.

1.1 GEPULSTE ANAEROBE REAKTOR1.1 PULSE ANAEROBIC REACTOR

Der charakteristische Fortschritt der Erfindung gegenüber den oben genannten Reaktortypen besteht in der Anwendung einer gepulsten Strömung und ist in Abb. 1 gezeigt: Auf das durch den Reaktor hindurchströmende Abwasser/Wasser wird über eine Pulspumpe eine Schwingung übertragen.The characteristic progress of the invention over the above-mentioned reactor types consists in the use of a pulsed flow and is shown in Fig. 1: A vibration is transmitted to the waste water / water flowing through the reactor via a pulse pump.

Der Puls begünstigt Transportvorgänge um die Mikroorganismen. Die rückvermischende und durchmischende Bewegung der flüssigen Phase relativ zur schwebenden oder immobilisierten Bakterienzelle führt Nährstoffe des Substrates heran und entstehende Stoffwechselprodukte aus der unmittelbaren Umgebung des Biosystems ab. Der Stoffabbau wird durch das osmotische Gefälle über die Membran zwischen Zellinnern und Umgebung kontrolliert. Daneben wird Kurzschlußströmungen zwischen Onput und Putput entgegengewirkt.The pulse favors transport processes around the microorganisms. The backmixing and mixing movement of the liquid phase leads relative to the floating or immobilized bacterial cell Nutrients of the substrate and arise Metabolic products from the immediate vicinity of the biosystem from. The decomposition of substances is caused by the osmotic gradient across the Controlled membrane between cell interior and environment. Besides short-circuit currents between onput and putput are counteracted.

Die fluiddynamischen Variablen (Pulsfrequenz, Pulsamplitude, Strömungsgeschwindigkeit) ermöglichen die Schaffung großer, sich ständig erneuernder Stoffübergangs - Oberflächen an den aktiven Mikroorganismen - Membranen und begünstigen Ablösung und/oder Austrag von toter Biomasse (Biofilm, Altschlamm, Inertstoff), wodurch auch der Gefahr vonVerstopfungen entgegengewirkt wird. Dies entspricht in der Konsequenz einem größeren aktiven Reaktorvolumen und führt zu einer Erhöhung von Abbauleistung und Gasproduktion.The fluid dynamic variables (pulse frequency, pulse amplitude, Flow rate) allow the creation of large ones constantly renewing mass transfer surfaces on the active Microorganisms - membranes and favor detachment and / or Discharge of dead biomass (biofilm, old sludge, inert material), which also counteracts the risk of constipation. As a consequence, this corresponds to a larger active one Reactor volume and leads to an increase in mining capacity and Gas production.

1.2 DER GEPULSTE AEROBE REAKTOR1.2 THE PULSE AEROBIC REACTOR

Das Verfahren und der Reaktor sind in analoger Weise für aerobe Mikroorganismen bei der Denitrifikation (Nitratreduktion unter Bildung von Distickstoffmonoxid und Distickstoff) von Abwasser und Trink- bzw. Betriebswasser und andere biotechnologische Prozesse der Stoffumwandlung anwendbar.The process and reactor are analogous for aerobic Microorganisms in denitrification (nitrate reduction under Formation of nitrous oxide and nitrous oxide) from waste water and Drinking water, process water and other biotechnological processes in the Substance conversion applicable.

Claims (6)

2.1 Ein Reaktor aus nichtmetallischen oder metallischen Werkstoffen zur Reinigung von Abwasser und Wasser gekennzeichnet durch Ansiedlungswachstum (natürliche oder künstliche Siedlungsflächen für Mikroorganismen) oder Suspensawachstum von aeroben, fakultativ anaeroben oder anaeroben Mikroorganismen, eindeutiger Aufwärts-, Abwärts- oder Horizontalströmung eines flüssigen Mediums, auf dessen Inhalt direkt oder indikrekt ein Puls übertragen wird.2.1 A reactor made of non-metallic or metallic materials for the purification of waste water and water characterized by settlement growth (natural or artificial settlement areas for microorganisms) or suspension growth of aerobic, facultative anaerobic or anaerobic microorganisms, clear upward, downward or horizontal flow of a liquid medium, on its A pulse is transmitted directly or indirectly. 2.2 Ein Reaktor nach Anspruch 2.1, bei dem das zulaufende Abwasser- oder Wasser bereits einen oder mehrere Teilreinungsschritte anaeroben und/oder aerober Art einschließlich Hydrolyse bzw. Vorversäuerung durchlaufen hat.2.2 A reactor according to claim 2.1, wherein the incoming Sewage or water already one or more Partial purification steps including anaerobic and / or aerobic Has undergone hydrolysis or pre-acidification. 2.3 Ein Reaktor nach Anspruch 2.1, bei dem in einer oder mehreren Schleifen Biomasse rezykliert wird.2.3 A reactor according to claim 2.1, in which in one or more Grinding biomass is recycled. 2.4 Ein Reaktor nach Anspruch 2.1 oder ein Prozeß bei dem Abwasser- oder Wasserdurchbrüche in Form von Kurzschlußströmungen durch partielle Rückvermischung mittels eines Pulse vermieden oder vermindert wird und dadurch mikrobiell die Abbauleistung durch erhöhten Stoffumsatz vergrößert und die Bildung von Reaktionsprodukten incl. Methan und Kohlendioxid gefördert wird.2.4 A reactor according to claim 2.1 or a process in which Wastewater or water breakthroughs in the form of short-circuit flows avoided by partial backmixing using a pulse or is reduced and thereby the microbial degradation increased metabolism and the formation of Reaction products including methane and carbon dioxide is promoted. 2.5 Ein Reaktor gemäß 2.1 oder ein Prozeß durch den Desorption und Austrag von inaktiver Biomasse bzw. eines "toten" Biofilm von Inertmaterialien durch eine gepulste Strömungsführung ganz oder teilweise erfolgt.2.5 A reactor according to 2.1 or a process by desorption and discharge of inactive biomass or a "dead" biofilm from Inert materials through a pulsed flow guidance entirely or partially done. 2.6 Ein Reaktor nach Anspruch 2.1 oder ein Prozeß, in welchem die Entgasung von Schlamm und Vermeidung von Schwimmschlamm durch Anwendung eines Pulses gefördert wird.2.6 A reactor according to claim 2.1 or a process in which degassing sludge and avoiding floating sludge Application of a pulse is encouraged.
DE19863641260 1986-12-03 1986-12-03 Process and apparatus for the pulsed anaerobic and aerobic treatment of effluent and water Withdrawn DE3641260A1 (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4140877A1 (en) * 1991-06-14 1993-06-17 Uwe Sonnenrein Transportable continuous sewage treatment
DE4204607A1 (en) * 1992-02-15 1993-08-19 Schott Glaswerke Treating effluent or waste water with suspended or immobilised microorganisms - preceded by electrical or mechanical prodn. of oscillations accompanied by cavitation
DE4437717C1 (en) * 1994-10-21 1996-07-04 Helbing & Partner Main fermenter for producing biogas and process for producing biogas and digestate
WO1997038775A1 (en) * 1994-12-22 1997-10-23 Industrial Sound Technologies Inc. Apparatus for degassing liquids
EP0900178A1 (en) * 1996-04-26 1999-03-10 Anaerobics, Inc. Process and apparatus for the treatment of flowable waste
DE10130512A1 (en) * 2001-06-25 2003-02-13 Bionethos Gmbh Pressure perfusion device for growing and / or treating cells
WO2005082795A1 (en) * 2004-02-06 2005-09-09 Sheaffer International Sludge elimination system
EP1806323A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-11 Biothane Systems International B.V. Process and reactor for anaerobic waste water purification
EP1806324A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-11 Biothane Systems International B.V. Process and reactor for anaerobic waste water purification
WO2013003883A1 (en) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-10 Anaeco Limited Method and apparatus for the introduction of fluids

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT270519B (en) * 1966-03-08 1969-04-25 Passavant Werke Device for introducing gases into liquids
US4284508A (en) * 1979-10-01 1981-08-18 Jewell William J Methane production by attached film
DE3327032A1 (en) * 1983-07-27 1985-02-14 Joh. A. Benckiser Gmbh, 6700 Ludwigshafen Process for the anaerobic treatment of highly organically polluted effluent

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT270519B (en) * 1966-03-08 1969-04-25 Passavant Werke Device for introducing gases into liquids
US4284508A (en) * 1979-10-01 1981-08-18 Jewell William J Methane production by attached film
DE3327032A1 (en) * 1983-07-27 1985-02-14 Joh. A. Benckiser Gmbh, 6700 Ludwigshafen Process for the anaerobic treatment of highly organically polluted effluent

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Chemie-Ingenieur-Technik 52, 1980, S. 951-953 *
Derwent-Abstract 78-85349 A/47 *
Ullamnn's encyclopedia of industrial chemistry, 5. Aufl., 1985, S. 143 *

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4140877A1 (en) * 1991-06-14 1993-06-17 Uwe Sonnenrein Transportable continuous sewage treatment
DE4204607A1 (en) * 1992-02-15 1993-08-19 Schott Glaswerke Treating effluent or waste water with suspended or immobilised microorganisms - preceded by electrical or mechanical prodn. of oscillations accompanied by cavitation
DE4437717C1 (en) * 1994-10-21 1996-07-04 Helbing & Partner Main fermenter for producing biogas and process for producing biogas and digestate
WO1997038775A1 (en) * 1994-12-22 1997-10-23 Industrial Sound Technologies Inc. Apparatus for degassing liquids
EP0900178A1 (en) * 1996-04-26 1999-03-10 Anaerobics, Inc. Process and apparatus for the treatment of flowable waste
EP0900178A4 (en) * 1996-04-26 2000-01-05 Anaerobics Inc Process and apparatus for the treatment of flowable waste
US7682820B2 (en) 2001-06-25 2010-03-23 Augustinus Bader Device for pressurized perfusion especially for culturing and/or treating cells
DE10130512B4 (en) * 2001-06-25 2007-08-16 Bionethos Holding Gmbh Device for pressure perfusion for growing and / or treating cells
US7378271B2 (en) 2001-06-25 2008-05-27 Augustinus Bader Device for pressurized perfusion especially for culturing and/or treating cells
DE10130512A1 (en) * 2001-06-25 2003-02-13 Bionethos Gmbh Pressure perfusion device for growing and / or treating cells
WO2005082795A1 (en) * 2004-02-06 2005-09-09 Sheaffer International Sludge elimination system
EP1806323A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-11 Biothane Systems International B.V. Process and reactor for anaerobic waste water purification
EP1806324A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-11 Biothane Systems International B.V. Process and reactor for anaerobic waste water purification
AU2007203833B2 (en) * 2006-01-05 2011-02-03 Veolia Water Solutions & Technologies Support Process and reactor for anaerobic waste water purification
KR101330339B1 (en) 2006-01-05 2013-11-15 베오리아 워터 솔류션즈 앤드 테크놀로지즈 서포트 Process and reactor for anaerobic waste water purification
KR101397780B1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2014-05-22 베오리아 워터 솔류션즈 앤드 테크놀로지즈 서포트 Process and reactor for anaerobic waste water purification
WO2013003883A1 (en) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-10 Anaeco Limited Method and apparatus for the introduction of fluids

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