DE3619373A1 - Control device for variation of the conveying capacity with constant compression and conveying pressures in the compaction and conveying of pulverulent or pelletized solids, suspensions or melts with the aid of screw machines or extruders with connected conveying channel or extrusion die, at constant drive speed, by axial displacement of the screw and, matched thereto, variation of the resistance characteristic of the connected mould channel - Google Patents
Control device for variation of the conveying capacity with constant compression and conveying pressures in the compaction and conveying of pulverulent or pelletized solids, suspensions or melts with the aid of screw machines or extruders with connected conveying channel or extrusion die, at constant drive speed, by axial displacement of the screw and, matched thereto, variation of the resistance characteristic of the connected mould channelInfo
- Publication number
- DE3619373A1 DE3619373A1 DE19863619373 DE3619373A DE3619373A1 DE 3619373 A1 DE3619373 A1 DE 3619373A1 DE 19863619373 DE19863619373 DE 19863619373 DE 3619373 A DE3619373 A DE 3619373A DE 3619373 A1 DE3619373 A1 DE 3619373A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- conveying
- screw
- variation
- channel
- constant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
- B30B11/24—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using screws or worms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/45—Axially movable screws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
- B29C2948/92028—Force; Tension
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
- B29C2948/92047—Energy, power, electric current or voltage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92514—Pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92523—Force; Tension
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92571—Position, e.g. linear or angular
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/9258—Velocity
- B29C2948/9259—Angular velocity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/9258—Velocity
- B29C2948/926—Flow or feed rate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
- B29C2948/92885—Screw or gear
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Regeleinrichtung als Vorrichtung zur Variation der Förderleistung bei weitgehend konstanten Preß- und Förderdrücken beim Verdichten und Fördern von pulvrigen bzw. preßagglomerierten Feststoffen, Suspensionen oder Schmelzen mit Hilfe von Schneckenmaschinen oder Extrudern bei konstanter Antriebsdrehzahl gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a control device as a device for variation the delivery rate at largely constant baling and delivery pressures at Compressing and conveying powdery or press-agglomerated solids, Suspensions or melts with the help of screw machines or extruders at constant drive speed according to the preamble of claim 1.
Zur Regelung der Förderleistung m wird normalerweise eine Drehzahlregelung verwendet, die jedoch gleichzeitig eine Druckänderung Δ p zwischen einzelnen Betriebspunkten BP i bewirkt, wie es in Fig. 1 beispielhaft anhand einiger Kennlinien unterschiedlicher Drehzahl n bei konstanter Widerstandskennlinie L w gezeigt ist. Ähnliche Auswirkung übt eine alleinige Drosselregelung aus (G. Menges, Einführung in die Kunststoff-Verarbeitung, C. Hauser Verlag, 1975, S. 64), wie aus Fig. 2 zu entnehmen ist.A speed control is normally used to regulate the delivery rate m , but at the same time it causes a pressure change Δ p between individual operating points BP i , as is shown in FIG. 1 by way of example on the basis of some characteristic curves of different speed n with a constant resistance characteristic curve L w . A similar throttle control has a similar effect (G. Menges, introduction to plastics processing, C. Hauser Verlag, 1975, p. 64), as can be seen from FIG. 2.
Allgemein wird jedoch bei derartigen Maschinen angestrebt, bei Variation der Förderleistung einen gleichmäßigen Druck p auf den zu fördernden und/oder zu verdichtenden Feststoff zur Erzielung stationärer Betriebszu stände und zur Herstellung von Produkten gleichmäßiger Konsistenz auszu üben, denn Schwankungen im Druck äußern sich z. B. sofort in einer Titer- bzw. Dickenänderung des Erzeugnisses (Kunststoff-Rundschau, 2/1967, S. 77-80). Außerdem kann es manchmal wünschenswert sein, über die entsprechende Förder leistung die jeweilige Verweilzeit des Gutes in der Maschine zur Variation von Aufheizphasen zu variieren, ohne jedoch den Preßdruck zu verändern.In general, however, the aim is with such machines, with variation the delivery rate an even pressurep on the to be funded and / or solid to be compressed to achieve stationary operation stands and to produce products of uniform consistency practice, because fluctuations in pressure are expressed e.g. B. immediately in a titer or change in thickness of the product (Kunststoff-Rundschau, 2/1967, pp. 77-80). Also, it may sometimes be desirable to have the appropriate funding power the respective dwell time of the goods in the machine for variation of heating phases to vary, but without changing the pressure.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Regeleinrichtung für Schneckenmaschinen und Extrudern zur Variation der Förderleitung bei weit gehendst konstanten Preß- und Förderdrücken zu entwickeln.The invention is therefore based on the object of a control device for Screw machines and extruders to vary the delivery line by far to develop constant baling and conveying pressures.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gemäß den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst, wobei in erster Linie axiale Verstellungen der Schnecken- bzw. Extruderwellen - wie es in Fig. 3a-c dargestellt ist - definierte und aufeinander abgestimmte, geänderte Schnecken- und Widerstandskennlinien er geben.This object is achieved according to the characterizing features of claim 1, wherein primarily axial adjustments of the screw or extruder shafts - as shown in Fig. 3a-c - give defined and coordinated, changed screw and resistance characteristics.
Dabei ist die Axialverstellung der Schnecke eigentlich nicht als Neuheit an zusehen, da insbesondere bei Extrudern die Schnecke die plastizifizierbare Kunststoffmasse axial zur Düsenpartie führt (OS 23 36 529, AS 17 29 191, AS 24 61 854 B 2). Die dabei sich einstellende Veränderung einzelner Kenn linien wird jedoch nicht gezielt zur Massenstromregelung bei konstantem För derdruck genutzt, zumal die einzelnen Kennlinien optimal in ihrer Wechsel wirkung aufeinander abgestimmt sein sollten.The axial adjustment of the screw is actually not a novelty watch, since the screw can be plasticized in particular in the case of extruders Plastic mass leads axially to the nozzle section (OS 23 36 529, AS 17 29 191, AS 24 61 854 B 2). The resulting change in individual parameters However, lines are not specifically used for mass flow control with constant feed pressure, especially since the individual characteristic curves are optimal in their alternation effect should be coordinated.
Der alleinige Einfluß auf ein Kennlinienfeld durch Variation der Schnecken länge durch Axialverstellung L Si ist in Fig. 4 dargestellt. Die Variation dieser Axialverstellung bewirkt jedoch zwangsläufig eine Veränderung der geo metrischen Verhältnisse des der Schnecke angeschlossenen Formkanals, wobei die veränderten Reibungsverhältnisse eine Auswirkung auf die Widerstandskenn linien L Wi wie bei der Drosselregelung gemäß Fig. 2 besitzen. Eine Axialver stellung der Schnecke entgegen der Förderrichtung (Fig. 3b) bewirkt dabei gleichzeitig eine Verlängerung des angeschlossenen Formkanals und damit einen ansteigenden Widerstand; eine Axialverstellung in Förderrichtung (Fig. 3c) be wirkt dagegen eine Verkürzung des angeschlossenen Formkanals, wobei der Wider stand entsprechend der verminderten Reibung sinkt.The sole influence on a characteristic field by varying the screw length by axial adjustment L Si is shown in Fig. 4. The variation of this axial adjustment inevitably causes a change in the geometric ratios of the molding channel connected to the screw, the changed frictional relationships having an effect on the resistance characteristics L Wi as in the throttle control according to FIG. 2. An Axialver position of the screw against the conveying direction ( Fig. 3b) causes an extension of the connected mold channel and thus an increasing resistance; an axial adjustment in the conveying direction ( Fig. 3c), on the other hand, brings about a shortening of the connected molding channel, the resistance being corresponding to the reduced friction.
Die sich dabei einstellenden Betriebsverhältnisse sind dem Kennlinienfeld gemäß Fig. 5 zu entnehmen, das eine Kombination der Kennlinienfelder aus Drosselregelung (Fig. 2) und der Variation der Schneckenlänge (Fig. 4) dar stellt. Deutlich sind die sich einstellenden Betriebspunkte BP 2 und BP 3 zu erkennen, wobei eine eindeutige Variation des Massenstromes bei gleichbleibendem Förderdruck und konstanter Drehzahl herbeigeführt wird. Dabei sind konstruktiv durch entsprechende Dimensionierung die maßgeblichen charakteristischen Längen verhältnisse und Geometrien sowie sämtliche beteiligten Parameter - wie Gang höhe, -tiefe und -steigung - derart aufeinander abzustimmen, daß eine Verän derung der Axialverstellung eindeutig eine bestimmte Veränderung der Wider standskennlinie zur Folge hat, damit das Zusammenwirken beider Kennlinien den gewünschten neuen Betriebspunkt ergibt. Weiterhin lassen sich die Wider standskennlinien durch eine Drosselvorrichtung an der Düse bzw. am Ende des Preß- und Förderkanals zusätzlich beeinflussen, so daß die Erzielung stationärer Preßdrücke bei Variation des Förderstromes sichergestellt wird. Tendenziell ist jedoch anhand von Fig. 5 zu erkennen, daß auch ohne Optimierung - d. h. durch nicht optimal abgestimmte Steigungen der einzelnen Kenn linien - die Wechselwirkung unterschiedliche Massenströme bei zumindest sehr gleichmäßigen Förderdrücken ergibt.The resulting operating conditions can be found in the characteristic curve field according to FIG. 5, which represents a combination of the characteristic curve fields from throttle control ( FIG. 2) and the variation of the screw length ( FIG. 4). The operating points BP 2 and BP 3 which arise are clearly recognizable, a clear variation of the mass flow being brought about with the delivery pressure remaining constant and the speed rotating. The relevant characteristic length ratios and geometries as well as all parameters involved - such as pitch, depth and pitch - are to be matched constructively by appropriate dimensioning in such a way that a change in the axial adjustment clearly results in a specific change in the resistance characteristic, so that the interaction of both characteristic curves results in the desired new operating point. Furthermore, the resistance characteristics can be additionally influenced by a throttle device on the nozzle or at the end of the press and delivery channel, so that the achievement of stationary pressures with variation of the flow rate is ensured. 5, however, that it can be seen from FIG. 5 that even without optimization - ie by not optimally coordinated slopes of the individual characteristic lines - the interaction results in different mass flows with at least very uniform delivery pressures.
In einer weiteren Ausbildung der Erfindung sind naturgemäß die Schneckengänge über die Einzugszone hinaus zu verlängern (Überdeckung a, Fig. 3a), wobei in diesem Bereich andere Gangtiefen, -steigungen und -höhen vorgesehen werden können, die beim Einfahren der Wellen über ihre jeweilige Normalposition hinaus zusätzliche gezielte Auswirkungen auf die Schneckenkennlinien besitzen und ausüben können. In a further embodiment of the invention, the screw flights are naturally to be extended beyond the feed zone (overlap a , Fig. 3a), in this area other flight depths, gradients and heights can be provided, which when the shafts are driven in via their respective normal position also have and can have additional targeted effects on the screw characteristics.
Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß durch die Axialverstellung eine Veränderung des Massenstromes bei gleich bleibendem Preß- oder Förderdruck realisiert werden kann, so daß Produkte von sehr gleichmäßiger Konsistenz entstehen. Die in Verbindung mit einer zumeist verwendeten Drehzahlregelung auftretende Dunstabweichung wird somit vermieden.The advantages achieved by the invention are in particular that a change in the mass flow at the same time due to the axial adjustment permanent pressure or delivery pressure can be realized, so that products of very uniform consistency. The in connection with a Mostly used speed control will result in haze deviation avoided.
Die prinzipielle Wirkungsweise dieser Regelungsvariante ist in Fig. 3a-c dargestellt, wie sie auch bereits in der Beschreibung ausführlich erläutert wurde.The basic mode of operation of this control variant is shown in FIGS . 3a-c, as has already been explained in detail in the description.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19863619373 DE3619373A1 (en) | 1986-06-09 | 1986-06-09 | Control device for variation of the conveying capacity with constant compression and conveying pressures in the compaction and conveying of pulverulent or pelletized solids, suspensions or melts with the aid of screw machines or extruders with connected conveying channel or extrusion die, at constant drive speed, by axial displacement of the screw and, matched thereto, variation of the resistance characteristic of the connected mould channel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19863619373 DE3619373A1 (en) | 1986-06-09 | 1986-06-09 | Control device for variation of the conveying capacity with constant compression and conveying pressures in the compaction and conveying of pulverulent or pelletized solids, suspensions or melts with the aid of screw machines or extruders with connected conveying channel or extrusion die, at constant drive speed, by axial displacement of the screw and, matched thereto, variation of the resistance characteristic of the connected mould channel |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3619373A1 true DE3619373A1 (en) | 1987-12-10 |
Family
ID=6302620
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19863619373 Withdrawn DE3619373A1 (en) | 1986-06-09 | 1986-06-09 | Control device for variation of the conveying capacity with constant compression and conveying pressures in the compaction and conveying of pulverulent or pelletized solids, suspensions or melts with the aid of screw machines or extruders with connected conveying channel or extrusion die, at constant drive speed, by axial displacement of the screw and, matched thereto, variation of the resistance characteristic of the connected mould channel |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE3619373A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003066207A1 (en) * | 2002-02-08 | 2003-08-14 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Method for producing granulates |
-
1986
- 1986-06-09 DE DE19863619373 patent/DE3619373A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003066207A1 (en) * | 2002-02-08 | 2003-08-14 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Method for producing granulates |
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