DE3439720A1 - Process for the production of humus by composting - Google Patents
Process for the production of humus by compostingInfo
- Publication number
- DE3439720A1 DE3439720A1 DE19843439720 DE3439720A DE3439720A1 DE 3439720 A1 DE3439720 A1 DE 3439720A1 DE 19843439720 DE19843439720 DE 19843439720 DE 3439720 A DE3439720 A DE 3439720A DE 3439720 A1 DE3439720 A1 DE 3439720A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- composting
- humus
- mash
- nitrogenous
- production
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/006—Waste from chemical processing of material, e.g. diestillation, roasting, cooking
- C05F5/008—Waste from biochemical processing of material, e.g. fermentation, breweries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Humus durch Kompostieren.The invention relates to a method for producing humus by Composting.
Bei derartigen Verfahren wird ilblicherweise kohlenstoffhaltiges organisches Material mit stickstoffhaltigem Material sowie gegebenenfalls verschiedenartigen Zusätzen vermischt und eine Zeitlang unter Luftzutritt verrotten gelassen, bis eine Vererdung bzw. Humusbildung erfolgt ist.In such processes, organic carbonaceous substances are usually used Material with nitrogenous material and possibly various types Additives mixed and left to rot for a while with access to air until one Soil formation or humus formation has taken place.
Als kohlenstoffhaltiges Material verwendet man insbesondere Grasschnitt, Laub, Küchenabfälle, Gemüseabfälle und Unkräuter. Stickstoffhaltiges Material ist z.B. tierischer Dünger wie Guano, Pferde-, Rinder- und Hühnermist, ferner Ricinusschrot, gemahlene Tierkörperteile (Horn-, Knochen-, Blutmehl), aber auch Kalkstickstoff und ähnliches Material.Grass clippings in particular are used as carbonaceous material, Leaves, kitchen waste, vegetable waste and weeds. Is nitrogenous material e.g. animal manure such as guano, horse, cattle and chicken manure, also castor meal, ground parts of the animal's body (horn, bone, blood meal), but also calcium cyanamide and similar material.
Das Verhältnis Kohlenstoff zu Stickstoff liegt bei etwa 20:1, wobei Zuschläge, wie Kalk, Bakterienpräparate und Pflanzenpräparate die Rotte fördern, beschleunigen oder in anderer Weise steuern.The ratio of carbon to nitrogen is about 20: 1, where Aggregates such as lime, bacterial preparations and plant preparations promote rotting, accelerate or otherwise control.
Außer Luftzutritt ist das Vorhandensein genügender Feuchtigkeit notwendige Verrottungsbedingung, wobei man beides durch Begrenzung der Haufengröße z.B. aut maximal 1,5 m Höhe und 2 m Breite und durch Abdeckung der Haufen mittels Stroh, Grasschnitt, Kunststoffolien und dergleichen steuert.In addition to air access, the presence of sufficient moisture is necessary Rotting condition, both by limiting the heap size e.g. aut a maximum of 1.5 m high and 2 m wide and by covering the piles with straw, Controls grass clippings, plastic sheeting and the like.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man als stickstoffhaltiges Material zur Kompostherstellung mit besonderem Vorteil Maische aus der Bierbrauerei verwenden kann. Hierbei handelt es sich im wesentlichen um mit Gerstenmalz bzw. Weizenmalz angereicherte Rückstände des Bierbrauens.It has now been found that as nitrogen-containing material for Compost production with particular advantage using mash from the brewery can. This is essentially with barley malt or wheat malt enriched residues from brewing.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Herstellen von Humus durch Kompostieren von kohlenstoffhaltigem organischen Material In Gegenwart stickstoffhaltiger Substanzen unter aeroben Bedinfungen ist somit dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als stich stoffhaltige Substanz ganz oder teilweise Maische au9 der Bierherstellung in einem Mengenverhältnis verwendet, daß das C:N-Verhältnis, auf das Gewicht bezogen, 10 bis 30:1 beträgt.The method according to the invention for producing humus by composting of carbonaceous organic material In the presence of nitrogenous substances under aerobic conditions is thus characterized by the fact that one is called substance-containing Substance wholly or partially mash from beer production in a proportion used that the C: N ratio by weight is 10 to 30: 1.
Überraschenderweise wird in besonders kurzer Zeit mit dem penannten, breiten C:N-Verha'?ltnis ein qualitativ hervorragender Humus aus den oben genannten Rohstoffen, zu denen auch Papierabfälle und ähnliches gehören, hergestellt, ohne dag es besonderer Maßnahmen zur Regelung des pH-Wertes, der Feuchtigkeit und anderer Parameter bedarf, da sich diese durch die besonderen Eigenschaften der Maische weitgehend von selbst optimal einstellen. Vorzugsweise wird Gerstenmaische verwendet, aber auch Weizenmaische (oder, weniger gut, Maismaische) sind geeignet. Wird zusätzlich noch Hefe aus der Bierherstellung tnitverwendet, so wird eine zusätzliche Düngewirkung des fertigen Humuskomposts beobachtet, zumal wenn noch carbonathaltiges tlaterial und/oder übliche Rottebeschleuniger eingesetzt wden, wie sie oben genannt wurden.Surprisingly, in a particularly short time, the penalized, broad C: N ratio a high quality humus from the above Raw materials, which also include paper waste and the like, produced without There are special measures to regulate pH, humidity and others Parameters required, as these are largely due to the special properties of the mash adjust optimally by yourself. Barley mash is preferably used, however Wheat mash (or, to a lesser extent, corn mash) are also suitable. Will additionally If yeast from beer production is still used, it has an additional fertilizing effect of the finished humus compost is observed, especially if the material still contains carbonate and / or conventional rotting accelerators are used, as mentioned above.
Vorzugsweise wird dafür Sorge getragen, daß der pH-Wertbereich bei 5,5 bis 7,5 bleibt, was normalerweise ohne weitere Zusätze möglich ist. Im Extremfall, insbesondere bei der Jerrottung von viel Papier, wobei eine große T^iarmeentwicklung erfolgt, kann auch der pH-5Vert aus dem genannten Bereich abweict^;eA.Care is preferably taken to ensure that the pH range is at 5.5 to 7.5 remains, which is normally possible without further additives. In extreme cases, especially in the rotting of a lot of paper, with a great development of arms occurs, the pH value can also deviate from the range mentioned ^; eA.
Dann ist entweder ein Kalkzusatz - vorzugsweise als Calciumcarbonat-oder Dolomit - oder ein Zusatz saurer Stoffe, wie Tierurin und ähnliches, erforderlich, letzteres aber nur selten.Then either a lime additive - preferably as calcium carbonate - or Dolomite - or an addition of acidic substances, such as animal urine and the like, required, but the latter only rarely.
Nach 6 bis 10 Wochen ist in der Regel ein derartiger Humus erfindungsgemäß fertig bereitet und kann unmittelbar für gärtnerische Zwecke verwendet werden. Als Behälter für die Humusherstellung kommen tibliche Kompostsilos von ca. 1 m3 Inhalt oder geschlossene, extra belüftete Isolierbehälter in Frage, wie sie im Handel erhältlich sind. Ein zu starker Temperaturanstieg sollte durch geeignete Maßnahmen, z.B. Verwendung von Wärmetauschern oder von bestimmten Pflanzenpräparaten vermieden werden, damit keine Selbstzerstörung der die Rotte fördernden Lebewesen (Collembolen, Bakterien, Würmern usw.) erfolgt.After 6 to 10 weeks, such humus is generally according to the invention ready-made and can be used immediately for horticultural purposes. as Containers for humus production are common compost silos with a volume of approx. 1 m3 or closed, extra-ventilated insulated containers, such as those commercially available are. If the temperature rises too much, suitable measures should be taken, e.g. use of heat exchangers or of certain herbal supplements should be avoided so no self-destruction of the organisms that promote the rotting (collembola, bacteria, Worms, etc.).
Die Erfindung erlaubt es, selbst schwer kompostierbare Stoffe, z.B. Eichenlaub, Ligusterheckenschnitt) aufzuschließen und in kurzer Zeit zu zersetzen unter Humusbildung. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann auch zur Flächenkompostierung von Gartenabfällen usw. verwendet werden und ist auch bei der Anlage von Hügelbeeten geeignet, die alsbaldige Verrottung einzuleiten.The invention allows even materials that are difficult to compost, e.g. Oak leaves, privet hedge cuttings) and decompose in a short time under humus formation. The method according to the invention can also be used for area composting can be used for garden waste, etc. and is also used in the creation of hill beds suitable to initiate the immediate rotting.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19843439720 DE3439720A1 (en) | 1984-10-30 | 1984-10-30 | Process for the production of humus by composting |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19843439720 DE3439720A1 (en) | 1984-10-30 | 1984-10-30 | Process for the production of humus by composting |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3439720A1 true DE3439720A1 (en) | 1986-05-22 |
Family
ID=6249122
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19843439720 Withdrawn DE3439720A1 (en) | 1984-10-30 | 1984-10-30 | Process for the production of humus by composting |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE3439720A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3630637A1 (en) * | 1986-09-09 | 1988-03-17 | Wolfgang Dipl Ing Berger | Method and device for the bioconversion of organic substances |
EP0399990A2 (en) * | 1989-04-18 | 1990-11-28 | Graefe, Gernot, Dr. rer. nat | Soil-conditioning agent |
WO1992000942A1 (en) * | 1990-07-06 | 1992-01-23 | Whalley, Kevin | A natural and renewable organic compost/fertilizer |
US6231631B1 (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 2001-05-15 | Nkk Corporation | Compost excellent in fertilizing activity and production method thereof |
-
1984
- 1984-10-30 DE DE19843439720 patent/DE3439720A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3630637A1 (en) * | 1986-09-09 | 1988-03-17 | Wolfgang Dipl Ing Berger | Method and device for the bioconversion of organic substances |
EP0399990A2 (en) * | 1989-04-18 | 1990-11-28 | Graefe, Gernot, Dr. rer. nat | Soil-conditioning agent |
EP0399990A3 (en) * | 1989-04-18 | 1991-07-03 | Graefe, Gernot, Dr. rer. nat | Soil-conditioning agent |
WO1992000942A1 (en) * | 1990-07-06 | 1992-01-23 | Whalley, Kevin | A natural and renewable organic compost/fertilizer |
US6231631B1 (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 2001-05-15 | Nkk Corporation | Compost excellent in fertilizing activity and production method thereof |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE3843670C1 (en) | ||
JP7021430B2 (en) | How to produce ripe fertilizer with high humic acid content | |
DE2505897A1 (en) | PROCESS FOR THE BIOLOGICAL PREPARATION OF GUELLS AND SEWAGE SLUDGE | |
DE2949122A1 (en) | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A NATURAL FERTILIZER | |
DE3110362C2 (en) | Use of a worn-out edible mushroom culture bed as feed | |
JPH0782069A (en) | Compost preparation process | |
DE3439720A1 (en) | Process for the production of humus by composting | |
EP1381581A1 (en) | Method for producing a material with a ground clay and ground rock base that promotes plant growth and the resultant product | |
DE4137171C2 (en) | ||
EP0026767B1 (en) | Use of grape marc to start and accelerate the aerobic decomposition of wastes | |
EP0274502B1 (en) | Means and process for improving and keeping soils and vegetable growth naturally healthy | |
EP0009733A1 (en) | Soil-improving product and its use | |
DE102005051682A1 (en) | Material transformation process for producing fertilizer comprises providing animal feces; draining and terminating reaction in aerobic bacterial stabilization phase; and providing water-soluble mineral nutrient by lactic acid fermentation | |
DE102018121783A1 (en) | Production process for potting soil and peat substitutes | |
EP0936204B1 (en) | Method of producing compost fertiliser substrates | |
DE19507204C1 (en) | Prepn. of compost using keratin-contg. waste material | |
DE4420402C1 (en) | Conditioning of compost by adding acid or acid precursor | |
EP0581992A1 (en) | Process for transforming structured and non-structured organic matter into humus | |
EP3293166B1 (en) | Method for producing a nitrogen- enriched organic fertilizer and nitrogen-enriched organic fertilizer | |
DE832897C (en) | Process for the production of horticultural earth | |
DE3038752C1 (en) | Means for promoting the aerobic decomposition of organic waste | |
KR101483682B1 (en) | Composite of compost to add the enzyme making from skep | |
JPS5889997A (en) | Treatment for bamboo scrap using microorganisms | |
EP0422265A1 (en) | Process and agent for treating fecal waste and sewage sludge | |
DE102007008188A1 (en) | Base substrate for use in gardening and agricultural plant production for ground improvement, comprises germ-free and sanitized, non eluted, plant-disposable nutrients and flavor forming materials, and free from poison materials |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |