DE3438031C1 - Four-stroke internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Four-stroke internal combustion engineInfo
- Publication number
- DE3438031C1 DE3438031C1 DE19843438031 DE3438031A DE3438031C1 DE 3438031 C1 DE3438031 C1 DE 3438031C1 DE 19843438031 DE19843438031 DE 19843438031 DE 3438031 A DE3438031 A DE 3438031A DE 3438031 C1 DE3438031 C1 DE 3438031C1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- combustion engine
- internal combustion
- crankshaft
- inlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
- F02B33/02—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps
- F02B33/26—Four-stroke engines characterised by having crankcase pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
- F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
- F02B2075/027—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Viertaktverbrennungskraftmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a four-stroke internal combustion engine according to the preamble of the patent claim 1.
Bei einer aus der DE-OS 30 22 901 bekannten Viertaktverbrennungskraftmaschine dieser Art erfolgt das Ansaugen des Luft-Brennstoff-Schmieröl-Gemisches allein über das Kurbelwellengehäuse, das das vorkomprimierte Gemisch in der Vorverdichtungskammer speichert, aus der es während des Ansaugtaktes angesaugt wird. Diese bekannte Maschine hat sich an sich gut bewährt. Nachteilig machten sich bei dieser jedoch im oberen Drehzahlbereich die langen Ansaug- und Zuführungswege des Gemisches bemerkbar.In a four-stroke internal combustion engine known from DE-OS 30 22 901 in this way, the air-fuel-lubricating oil mixture is sucked in on its own via the crankshaft housing, which stores the pre-compressed mixture in the pre-compression chamber, from which it is sucked in during the intake stroke. This known machine has proven itself well. However, the long intake and supply paths made themselves disadvantageous in this case in the upper speed range of the mixture noticeable.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, die bekannte Viertaktverbrennungskraftmaschine dadurch zu verbessern, daß sie im wesentlichen übergangslos aus dem unteren Drehzahlbereich bis in den höchsten Drehzahlbereich bei optimaler Drehmomentabgabe beschleunigt werden kann.The object of the invention is therefore to improve the known four-stroke internal combustion engine by that they are essentially seamless from the lower speed range to the highest speed range can be accelerated with optimal torque output.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe bei einer Viertaktverbrennungskräftmaschine der gattungsgemäßen Art durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved in a four-stroke internal combustion engine of the generic type solved by the characterizing features of claim 1.
Die erfindungsgemäße Viertaktverbrennungskraftmaschine gibt bereits im unteren Drehzahlbereich eine hohe Leistung ab, weil in diesem im wesentlichen während zweier Verdichtungstakte im Kurbelwellengehäuse vorverdichtetes Gemisch aus der Vorverdichtungskammer angesaugt wird. Dadurch, daß im Leerlauf und unteren Drehzahlbereich vorverdichtetes Gemisch im Ansaugkanal ansteht, wird eine gute Füllung des Zylinders erreicht, die in etwa Ladungscharakter besitzt.The four-stroke internal combustion engine according to the invention is already in the lower speed range high performance, because in this essentially during two compression strokes in the crankcase pre-compressed mixture is sucked in from the pre-compression chamber. By being idle and If there is a pre-compressed mixture in the intake duct in the lower speed range, the cylinder will be well filled reached, which has approximately the character of a charge.
Die bei der bekannten Maschine im oberen Drehzahlbereich auftretenden Nachteile der langen Ansaugwege sind bei der erfindungsgemäßen Viertaktverbrennungskraftmaschine dadurch vermieden, daß wesentliche Mengen des Gemisches nicht mehr aus der Vorverdichtungskammer, sondern unmittelbar über den Ansaugkanal aus der Gemischaufbereitungseinrichtung angesaugt werden. Dieses Gemisch ist zudem kühler, so daß sich weitere Nachteile aus der Aufheizung des Gemisches nicht bemerkbar machen.The disadvantages of the long intake paths that occur in the known machine in the upper speed range are avoided in the four-stroke internal combustion engine according to the invention that essential Quantities of the mixture no longer from the pre-compression chamber, but directly via the intake duct are sucked in from the mixture preparation device. This mixture is also cooler, so that further disadvantages from the heating of the mixture are not noticeable.
Die erfindungsgemäße Viertaktverbren nungskraftmaschine gewährleistet einen guten Lauf der Maschine im Leerlauf und unteren" Drehzahlbereich, weil hier der Einfluß der Vorverdichtung durch den Doppeltakt im Kurbelwellengehäuse überwiegt, während im oberen Drehzahlbereich wesentliche Mengen des GemischesThe four-stroke combustion engine according to the invention ensures a good run of the machine in idle and lower "speed range, because here the Influence of the pre-compression by the double stroke in the crankshaft housing predominates, while in the upper one Speed range substantial amounts of the mixture
ίο direkt von der Gemischaufbereitungseinrichtung angesaugt werden, so daß durch die Kombination der Direkteinspeisung des Gemisches mit der Einspeisung des in der Vorverdichtungskammer vorverdichteten Gemisches eine günstige Leistungs-Drehmoment-Charakteristik erreicht wird. Durch die überwiegende Direkteinspeisung des Gemisches im oberen Drehzahlbereich werden die Ansaugwege verkürzt, was die Wirtschaftlichkeit und Leistung bei Verringerung von Wärmeverlusten steigert. Trotz dieser Direktansaugung im oberen Drehzahlbereich steht im Kurbelkasten noch genügend Gemisch zur Schmierung zur Verfügung.ίο Sucked in directly from the mixture preparation device so that by combining the direct feed of the mixture with the feed of the In the pre-compression chamber, the pre-compressed mixture has a favorable power-torque characteristic is achieved. Due to the predominantly direct feed of the mixture in the upper speed range the suction paths are shortened, which increases the economy and performance while reducing heat losses increases. Despite this direct suction in the upper speed range, there is still enough in the crankcase Mixture available for lubrication.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist Gegenstand des Patentanspruchs 2.An advantageous embodiment of the invention is the subject of claim 2.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. In den vier Figuren der Zeichnung sind die Verhältnisse während der vier Takte schematisch dargestellt.An embodiment of the invention is described below explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. In the four figures of the drawing, the conditions are during of the four bars shown schematically.
Der Motor besteht aus einem Zylinder 1, in dem der Kolben 2 geführt ist. Der Kolben 2 ist über das Pleuel 3 mit der Kurbelwelle 4 in üblicher Weise verbunden. Das Kurbelwellengehäuse 5 ist durch seine Wandungen und die Unterseite des Kolbens 2 geschlossen.The engine consists of a cylinder 1 in which the piston 2 is guided. The piston 2 is via the connecting rod 3 connected to the crankshaft 4 in the usual way. The crankshaft housing 5 is through its walls and the bottom of the piston 2 closed.
In das Kurbelwellengehäuse mündet die das Gemisch zuführende Leitung 6, die über den Ansaugkanal 7 mit
der Gemischaufbereitungseinrichtung (z. B. Vergaser 8) in Verbindung steht. In der Leitung 6 ist ein Rückschlagventil
9 angeordnet, so daß bei nach oben gehendem Kolben 2 Gemisch in den Kurbelkasten angesaugt wird.
Das Kurbelwellengehäuse 5 ist über die Leitung 10 mit der Vorverdichtungskammer 11 verbunden. In der
Vorverdichtungskammer 11 ist die Nockenwelle 12 angeordnet, die über übliche Kipphebel das Einlaßventil
13 und das Auslaßventil 14 steuert.
Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Viertakt-Verbrennungskraftmaschine
arbeitet folgendermaßen:The line 6 which feeds the mixture opens into the crankshaft housing and is connected to the mixture preparation device (e.g. carburetor 8) via the intake duct 7. In the line 6 a check valve 9 is arranged so that when the piston 2 goes up, mixture is sucked into the crankcase. The crankshaft housing 5 is connected to the pre-compression chamber 11 via the line 10. The camshaft 12 is arranged in the pre-compression chamber 11 and controls the inlet valve 13 and the outlet valve 14 via conventional rocker arms.
The four-stroke internal combustion engine shown in the drawing works as follows:
F i g. 1 stellt den Verdichtungstakt dar, während dessen durch den nach oben gehenden Kolben 2 über die Leitung 6 und den Ansaugkanal 7 Gemisch in das Kurbelwellengehäuse gesaugt wird.F i g. 1 represents the compression stroke during which through the upwardly moving piston 2 via the line 6 and the intake duct 7 mixture into the crankshaft housing is sucked.
Während des in Fig.2 dargestellten Arbeitshubes schließt das Rückschlagventil 9, so daß das in das Kurbelgehäuse
5 angesaugte Gemisch über die Leitung 10 in die Vorverdichtungskammer 11 geschoben wird.
Fig. 3 zeigt den Ausstoßhub, während dessen erneut über die Leitung 6 und den Ansaugkanal 7 Gemisch in
das Kurbelkastengehäuse 5 gesaugt wird.During the working stroke shown in FIG. 2, the check valve 9 closes so that the mixture sucked into the crankcase 5 is pushed into the pre-compression chamber 11 via the line 10.
3 shows the exhaust stroke during which mixture is again sucked into the crankcase housing 5 via the line 6 and the intake duct 7.
Fi g. 4 zeigt den Ansaughub, während dessen aus dem Ansaugkanal 7 bei geöffnetem Einlaßventil 13 Gemisch angesaugt wird und gleichzeitig durch den nach unten gehenden Kolben über die Leitung 10 Gemisch in die Vorverdichtungskammer 11 gedrückt wird, so daß zu* sätzlich zu dem direkt von dem Vergaser angesaugten Gemisch über die Verbindungsleitung 15 vorverdichtetes Gemisch in den Ansaugkanal 7 eintritt.Fi g. 4 shows the intake stroke, during which from the Intake channel 7 is sucked in with the inlet valve 13 mixture is open and at the same time through the downward going piston is pressed via the line 10 mixture into the pre-compression chamber 11, so that to * in addition to the mixture sucked in directly by the carburetor via the connecting line 15, it is pre-compressed The mixture enters the intake port 7.
Bei Leerlauf und im unteren Drehzahlbereich wird der größere Anteil des Gemisches über die Verbindungsleitung 15 dem Ansaugkanal zugeführt, während im oberen Drehzahlbereich die Menge des über denWhen idling and in the lower speed range, the greater part of the mixture is via the connecting line 15 supplied to the intake duct, while in the upper speed range the amount of the
Ansaugkanal 7 von der Gemischaufbereitungseinrichtung (z. B. Vergaser 8) angesaugten Gemisches überwiegt. Intake channel 7 from the mixture preparation device (z. B. carburetor 8) predominates mixture sucked in.
In der Verbindungsleitung 15 ist eine Drosselklappe 16 angeordnet, die immer etwas geöffnet ist, jedoch mit zunehmender Drehzahl weiter geöffnet wird, damit aufgrund der Kurbelkastenspülung eine ausreichende Schmierung der Kurbelwelle sowie des Kolbens und der Pleuelstange gewährleistet ist.In the connecting line 15, a throttle valve 16 is arranged, which is always slightly open, but with increasing speed is opened further, so that due to the crankcase flushing a sufficient Lubrication of the crankshaft as well as the piston and the connecting rod is guaranteed.
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Claims (2)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19843438031 DE3438031C1 (en) | 1984-10-17 | 1984-10-17 | Four-stroke internal combustion engine |
JP23090485A JPS61160521A (en) | 1984-10-17 | 1985-10-16 | Method of four-stroke cycle and four-stroke cycle engine forexecuting said method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19843438031 DE3438031C1 (en) | 1984-10-17 | 1984-10-17 | Four-stroke internal combustion engine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE3438031C1 true DE3438031C1 (en) | 1986-04-30 |
Family
ID=6248098
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19843438031 Expired DE3438031C1 (en) | 1984-10-17 | 1984-10-17 | Four-stroke internal combustion engine |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS61160521A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3438031C1 (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999064734A1 (en) * | 1998-06-08 | 1999-12-16 | Loehr Dirk | Engine |
FR2785018A1 (en) | 1998-10-23 | 2000-04-28 | Stihl Maschf Andreas | FOUR-TIME ENGINE |
FR2787829A1 (en) * | 1998-12-28 | 2000-06-30 | Stihl Andreas | PORTABLE WORKING INSTRUMENT MOVED BY A FOUR-TIME MOTOR |
DE29918516U1 (en) * | 1999-10-20 | 2001-03-01 | Dolmar GmbH, 22045 Hamburg | Compact four-stroke internal combustion engine, especially for use in a portable work device |
FR2813634A1 (en) * | 2000-09-01 | 2002-03-08 | Stihl Maschf Andreas | LUBRICATION OF A CAM ACTUATOR |
US7398759B2 (en) | 2003-03-17 | 2008-07-15 | Husqvarna Ab | Four-stroke engine |
DE102009058289A1 (en) | 2009-12-04 | 2011-06-09 | Vladimir Volchkov | Four-stroke engine e.g. petrol engine, has suction valves connecting combustion chamber with heat exchange area, and check valves connecting lower piston chamber with heat exchange area and blocking piston chamber by heat exchange area |
DE102009058290A1 (en) | 2009-12-04 | 2011-06-09 | Vladimir Volchkov | Four-stroke engine has cylinder head and heat exchanging area that surrounds combustion chamber, where heat exchanging area is arranged between walls of operating cylinder and cylinder head |
DE102010008225A1 (en) | 2010-02-09 | 2011-08-11 | Volchkov, Vladimir, 71638 | Four-cycle opposed piston engine e.g. direct injection type air-suction petrol engine, has intake valves arranged around center of valve block and connecting or separating combustion chamber with or from heat exchange chamber |
DE102011017247A1 (en) | 2011-04-07 | 2014-02-13 | Vladimir Volchkov | Four-stroke engine, particularly air-sucking four-stroke engine, comprises heat exchange space formed between combustion chamber and lower piston chamber, inlet valve arranged in cylinder head and locking valve arranged in cylinder |
DE102005039315B4 (en) | 2005-08-19 | 2020-06-18 | Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Kg | Mix lubricated internal combustion engine |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH154282A (en) * | 1931-03-05 | 1932-04-30 | Koehler Ludwig | Four-stroke explosion engine. |
DE3022901A1 (en) * | 1980-06-19 | 1981-12-24 | Helmut 8000 München Pohl | Four stroke IC engine - has crankcase connected via non-return valve to fuel mixture supply and to precompression chamber |
JPS58167822A (en) | 1982-03-29 | 1983-10-04 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Supercharge device of 4-cycle engine |
-
1984
- 1984-10-17 DE DE19843438031 patent/DE3438031C1/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-10-16 JP JP23090485A patent/JPS61160521A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH154282A (en) * | 1931-03-05 | 1932-04-30 | Koehler Ludwig | Four-stroke explosion engine. |
DE3022901A1 (en) * | 1980-06-19 | 1981-12-24 | Helmut 8000 München Pohl | Four stroke IC engine - has crankcase connected via non-return valve to fuel mixture supply and to precompression chamber |
JPS58167822A (en) | 1982-03-29 | 1983-10-04 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Supercharge device of 4-cycle engine |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
JP 58-167822(A) * |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999064734A1 (en) * | 1998-06-08 | 1999-12-16 | Loehr Dirk | Engine |
FR2785018A1 (en) | 1998-10-23 | 2000-04-28 | Stihl Maschf Andreas | FOUR-TIME ENGINE |
DE19848890B4 (en) * | 1998-10-23 | 2011-03-17 | Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. | Four-stroke engine |
FR2787829A1 (en) * | 1998-12-28 | 2000-06-30 | Stihl Andreas | PORTABLE WORKING INSTRUMENT MOVED BY A FOUR-TIME MOTOR |
DE29918516U1 (en) * | 1999-10-20 | 2001-03-01 | Dolmar GmbH, 22045 Hamburg | Compact four-stroke internal combustion engine, especially for use in a portable work device |
FR2813634A1 (en) * | 2000-09-01 | 2002-03-08 | Stihl Maschf Andreas | LUBRICATION OF A CAM ACTUATOR |
US7398759B2 (en) | 2003-03-17 | 2008-07-15 | Husqvarna Ab | Four-stroke engine |
DE102005039315B4 (en) | 2005-08-19 | 2020-06-18 | Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Kg | Mix lubricated internal combustion engine |
DE102009058289A1 (en) | 2009-12-04 | 2011-06-09 | Vladimir Volchkov | Four-stroke engine e.g. petrol engine, has suction valves connecting combustion chamber with heat exchange area, and check valves connecting lower piston chamber with heat exchange area and blocking piston chamber by heat exchange area |
DE102009058290A1 (en) | 2009-12-04 | 2011-06-09 | Vladimir Volchkov | Four-stroke engine has cylinder head and heat exchanging area that surrounds combustion chamber, where heat exchanging area is arranged between walls of operating cylinder and cylinder head |
DE102010008225A1 (en) | 2010-02-09 | 2011-08-11 | Volchkov, Vladimir, 71638 | Four-cycle opposed piston engine e.g. direct injection type air-suction petrol engine, has intake valves arranged around center of valve block and connecting or separating combustion chamber with or from heat exchange chamber |
DE102011017247A1 (en) | 2011-04-07 | 2014-02-13 | Vladimir Volchkov | Four-stroke engine, particularly air-sucking four-stroke engine, comprises heat exchange space formed between combustion chamber and lower piston chamber, inlet valve arranged in cylinder head and locking valve arranged in cylinder |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS61160521A (en) | 1986-07-21 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
8100 | Publication of the examined application without publication of unexamined application | ||
D1 | Grant (no unexamined application published) patent law 81 | ||
8364 | No opposition during term of opposition | ||
8327 | Change in the person/name/address of the patent owner |
Owner name: ANDREAS STIHL AG & CO., 71336 WAIBLINGEN, DE |
|
8381 | Inventor (new situation) |
Free format text: PERES SEN., LASZLO, 80637 MUENCHEN, VERSTORBEN, DE |