DE3148120A1 - Process for hardening and stabilising wood - Google Patents

Process for hardening and stabilising wood

Info

Publication number
DE3148120A1
DE3148120A1 DE19813148120 DE3148120A DE3148120A1 DE 3148120 A1 DE3148120 A1 DE 3148120A1 DE 19813148120 DE19813148120 DE 19813148120 DE 3148120 A DE3148120 A DE 3148120A DE 3148120 A1 DE3148120 A1 DE 3148120A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
wood
temperature
mpa
pressing
hardening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE19813148120
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE3148120C2 (en
Inventor
Olav 28900 Knisslinge Hoel
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Tarkett AB
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Tarkett AB
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tarkett AB filed Critical Tarkett AB
Publication of DE3148120A1 publication Critical patent/DE3148120A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3148120C2 publication Critical patent/DE3148120C2/de
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/001Heating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/06Softening or hardening of wood
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27MWORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M1/00Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
    • B27M1/02Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by compressing

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

Abstract

After drying to a moisture quotient below the fibre saturation point, wood is treated by heating to 120-150 DEG C, in order to soften the lignin component, after which the wood is compressed by pressing at a temperature of 120-150 DEG C and at a pressure of 5-30 MPa. In this way, the strength of the wood is increased to a remarkable degree and, at the same time, a more hydrophobic product is obtained.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Härten und Stabi-The invention relates to a method for hardening and stabilizing

lisieren von Holz, vorzugsweise Furnier, um die mechanischen Eigenschaften des Holzmaterials und insbesondere dessen Druckfestigkeit und Oberflächenhärte zu verbessern.lizing wood, preferably veneer, to improve mechanical properties of the wood material and in particular its compressive strength and surface hardness to enhance.

Es ist schon bekannt, Holz dadurch zu härten und zu stabilisieren, dass man die Poren in gewissem Ausmass mit monomeren chemischen Verbindungen ausfüllt, die dann in situ polymerisiert werden. In dieser Weise kann also das Zellgewebe durch Kunststoffprodukte verstärkt werden, die innerhalb gewisser Grenzen je nach den an die erwünschten Eigenschaften des fertigen Holzmaterials gestellten Anforderungen gewählt werden können. Derartige Imprägnierungsverfahren sind meistens ziemlich teuer, und.ausserdem wird das natürliche Aussehen des Holzes in einer gelegentlich unerwünschten Weise verändert.It is already known to harden and stabilize wood by that the pores are filled to a certain extent with monomeric chemical compounds, which are then polymerized in situ. In this way, the cell tissue can are reinforced by plastic products, which within certain limits depending on the requirements placed on the desired properties of the finished wood material can be chosen. Such impregnation methods are mostly pretty expensive, and. besides, the natural appearance of the wood in an occasional changed in an undesirable way.

Durch z.B. die SE-PS 216 911 ist ausserdem das Stabilisieren und gleichzeitige Trocknen von Holz mit einem Feuchtigkeitsquotienten über dem Fasersättigungspunkt bekannt, indem man bei einer Temperatur von 110-200 0C senkrecht zur Faserrichtung des Holzes einen Pressdruck 2 von höchstens 100 kg/cm2 ausübt. Das Trocknen kann in gewissen Fällen angeblich während 0,5-5 h durchgeführt werden.With the SE-PS 216 911, for example, the stabilization and simultaneous Drying wood with a moisture quotient above the fiber saturation point known by placing at a temperature of 110-200 0C perpendicular to the fiber direction of the wood exerts a pressure 2 of at most 100 kg / cm2. The drying can in certain cases supposedly carried out for 0.5-5 hours.

Durch die SE-PA 7805483-0 ist es bereits bekannt, die Härte und andere mechanische Eigenschaften von Furnier zu verbessern, indem man auf das Furnier einen Pressdruck der Grössenordnung 150-350 MPa ausübt. Eine solche Behandlung soll angeblich eine annähernd maximale Verdichtung des Furniers bewirken und bedeutet somit eine beträchtliche Verminderung der Furnierdicke.From SE-PA 7805483-0 it is already known the hardness and others improve mechanical properties of veneer by putting one on the veneer Exerts pressure of the order of 150-350 MPa. Such treatment is supposed to be cause an approximately maximum compression of the veneer and thus means a considerable reduction in veneer thickness.

Betrachtet man. Holz aus chemischen und mechanischen Gesichtspunkten, kann festgestellt werden, dass das Holz- gewebe in chemischer Hinsicht aus Cellulose, Hemicellulose, Lignin und ggf. Harzen, Terpenen und Gerbstoffen besteht, während es in mechanischer Hinsicht eine Konstruktion ist, die aus Stoffen mit weit verschiedenen Eigenschaften zusammengesetzt ist. Das Celluloseskelett kann an sich nur Zugkräfte aufnehmen. Damit es auch Druckkräften widerstehen kann, muss ein Ausdrücken der schwächeren Cellulosestränge verhindert werden, was dadurch ermöglicht wird, dass sie in Lignin eingebettet sind. Der Ligningehalt von Holz ist deshalb für die Druckfestigkeit von allergrösster Bedeutung. Auf diese Tatsache hat bereits Trendelenburg in seinem Buch "Das Holz als Rohstoff", Leipzig-Berlin, 1939, hingewiesen, in dem anhand von Diagrammen und Zahlen gezeigt ist, dass ein höherer Ligningehalt im Holz eine bedeutende Erhöhung der Festigkeitseigenschaften herbeiführt.If you look at. Wood from a chemical and mechanical point of view, it can be determined that the wooden tissue in chemical terms consists of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and possibly resins, terpenes and tannins, while in mechanical terms it is a construction made up of fabrics with far is composed of various properties. The cellulose skeleton can in itself only absorb tensile forces. In order for it to be able to withstand compressive forces, it has to be expressed the weaker cellulose strands are prevented, which is made possible by that they are embedded in lignin. The lignin content of wood is therefore for the Compressive strength of the utmost importance. Trendelenburg already has this fact in his book "Das Holz als Rohstoff", Leipzig-Berlin, 1939, pointed out in which With the help of diagrams and figures it is shown that a higher lignin content in the wood brings about a significant increase in strength properties.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, mit Hilfe des eigenen Lignins des Holzes die Zellwände noch weiter zu verfestigen, und die Erfindung gründet sich auf die Tatsache, dass das Lignin bei etwa +75-1000C zu erweichen beginnt, während die Cellulose bei Temperaturen von zwischen +1000C und +2500C im wesentlichen intakt verbleibt. Bei Temperaturen von bis zu +750C ist das Lignin dagegen sehr hart und verhältnismässig spröde, während die Cellulose flexibel ist. Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird dadurch erreicht, dass das Holz auf eine Temperatur von 75-1600C, vorzugsweise -120-1500C, erhitzt wird, um die Ligninkomponente darin zu erweichen, und im Anschluss an das Erhitzen durch Pressen bei einem Pressdruck von 5-100 MPa, vorzugsweise 5-30 MPa, verdichtet wird.The invention is based on the object with the help of one's own lignin of the wood to strengthen the cell walls even further, and the invention is born to the fact that the lignin begins to soften at around + 75-1000C while the cellulose is essentially intact at temperatures between + 1000C and + 2500C remains. At temperatures of up to + 750C, on the other hand, the lignin is very hard and relatively brittle, while the cellulose is flexible. The object of the invention is achieved by keeping the wood at a temperature of 75-1600C, preferably -120-1500C, is heated to soften the lignin component in it, and then to heating by pressing at a pressing pressure of 5-100 MPa, preferably 5-30 MPa, is compressed.

Die Erfindung macht also von den obengenannten Eigenschaften des Holzes Gebrauch, und es hat-sich überraschenderweise gezeigt, dass das verdichtete Volumen von bei einer Temperatur von zwischen +75 0C und +1600C mit einem Druck von zwischen 5 und 20 MPa verdichtetem Holz auf etwa die Hälfte des Ursprungsvolumens reduziert werden kann; gleichzeitig wie die prozentuelle Steigerung des Lignins in den verdichteten Teilen eine beträchtliche Erhöhung der Festigkeit herbeiführt. Ausserdem tragen die im Holz anwesenden Terpene und Harze dazu bei, die Holzstruktur zusammenzubinden und ein in grösserem Ausmass hydrophobes Produkt zu schaffen, wodurch das Holzmaterial gegen Feuchtigkeitsschwankungen unempfindlicher wird.The invention thus makes use of the above properties of wood Use, and it has-surprisingly been shown that the compressed volume of at a temperature of between +75 0C and + 1600C with one Pressure of between 5 and 20 MPa compressed wood on about half of the original volume can be reduced; at the same time as the percentage increase in lignin causes a considerable increase in strength in the compacted parts. In addition, the terpenes and resins present in the wood contribute to the structure of the wood to bind together and to create a more hydrophobic product, whereby the wood material becomes less sensitive to fluctuations in humidity.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf irgendwelche besonderen Holzarten begrenzt, sondern lässt sich auf verschiedene Arten von sowohl Laubholz als auch Nadelholz anwenden Die Erfindung ist im folgenden anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention is not limited to any particular species of wood, but can be found in different types of both hardwood and softwood apply The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of an exemplary embodiment explained.

BEISPIEL Im Zusammenhang mit den Trocknen von Furnier wurden etwa 3 mm dicke Furniere aus Kiefernholz von einem kontinuierlich arbeitenden Furniertrockner mit einer Betriebstemperatur von +150 0C genommen. Mit beibehaltener Temperatur wurden die Furniere in einer Walzenpresse gepresst, ebenfalls bei einer Betriebstemperatur von +1500C. Die Presszeit wurde auf 1 sek berechnet, und der Pressdruck betrug 18 MPa. Nach dieser Behandlung wurden formstabile Furniere erhalten, die eine bemerkenswert höhere Härte hatten.EXAMPLE In connection with the drying of veneer, approx 3 mm thick pine veneers from a continuously operating veneer dryer taken with an operating temperature of +150 0C. With maintained temperature the veneers were pressed in a roller press, also at an operating temperature from + 1500C. The pressing time was calculated to be 1 sec and the pressing pressure was 18 MPa. After this treatment, dimensionally stable veneers were obtained, which are remarkable had higher hardness.

Furniere, die auf einen Feuchtigkeitsquotienten von 9% getrocknet und dann sofort gemäss der Erfindung verdichtet worden waren, hatten nach Kühlen auf Zimmertemperatur eine Härte von 7 kg/mm², während ein nur auf einen 9%einen Feuchtigkeitsquotienten getrocknetes Furnier nach dem mühlen auf Zimmertemperatur eine Härte von 1,5 kg/mm² hatte.Veneers that have been dried to a moisture quotient of 9% and then immediately compacted according to the invention, had after cooling at room temperature a hardness of 7 kg / mm², while a hardness of only 9% Moisture quotient of dried veneer after milling to room temperature had a hardness of 1.5 kg / mm².

Claims (5)

Verfahren zum Härten und Stabilisieren von Holz Patentansprüche: 1 Verfahren zum Härten und Stabilisieren von Holz, das auf einen Feuchtigkeitsquotienten unter dem Fasersättigungspunkt getrocknet ist, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass das Holz auf eine Temperatur von 75-1600C, vorzugsweise 120-150 0C, erhitzt wird, um die Ligninkomponente darin zu erweichen, und im Anschluss an das Erhitzen durch Pressen bei einem Pressdruck von 5-100 MPa, vorzugsweise 5-30 MPa, verdichtet wird. Method for hardening and stabilizing wood Patent claims: 1 Process for hardening and stabilizing wood based on a moisture quotient has dried below the fiber saturation point, which means that it is not indicated t that the wood is heated to a temperature of 75-1600C, preferably 120-150 ° C to soften the lignin component therein and subsequent to heating compacted by pressing at a pressing pressure of 5-100 MPa, preferably 5-30 MPa will. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t; dass das Holz in herkömmlichen Trocknern für Schnittholz oder Furnier erhitzt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e n n -z e i c h n e t; that the wood is heated in conventional dryers for sawn timber or veneer. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch g e k e n nz e i c h n e e, dass das Holz nach dem Erreichen der genannten Temperatur während einer Zeit von 0,1-60 sek gepresst wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized g e k e n nz e i c h n e e that the wood after reaching the said temperature for a time is pressed for 0.1-60 seconds. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 3, dadurch g e -n é n n z e i c h n e t, dass der gesamte, aus Erhitzen und Pressen bestehende Behandlungsprozess als ein kontinuierlicher Fertigungsprozess ausgeführt wird.4. The method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that g e -n é n n z e i c n e t that the entire treatment process consisting of heating and pressing is carried out as a continuous manufacturing process. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 3 oder 4, dadurch g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass das Holz Furnier ist, das auf eine Temperatur von 120-150°C erhitzt und dann in einem kontinuierlichen Fertigungsprozess in einem Walzwerk bei einer Temperatur von 120-1500C und einem Pressdruck von 7-30 MPa während einer Zeit von 0,5-60 sek verdichtet und dann auf Zimmertemperatur gekühlt wird.5. The method according to claim 1, 3 or 4, characterized in that g e -k e n n z e i n e t that the wood is veneer that is heated to a temperature of 120-150 ° C and then in a continuous manufacturing process in a rolling mill at a Temperature of 120-1500C and a pressing pressure of 7-30 MPa for a time of 0.5-60 sec and then cooled to room temperature.
DE19813148120 1980-12-16 1981-12-04 Process for hardening and stabilising wood Granted DE3148120A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8008814A SE446702B (en) 1980-12-16 1980-12-16 PROCEDURE FOR HARDGORING AND STABILIZING THREE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3148120A1 true DE3148120A1 (en) 1982-08-05
DE3148120C2 DE3148120C2 (en) 1992-04-09

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ID=20342473

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19813148120 Granted DE3148120A1 (en) 1980-12-16 1981-12-04 Process for hardening and stabilising wood

Country Status (5)

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DE (1) DE3148120A1 (en)
DK (1) DK156626C (en)
FI (1) FI73621C (en)
NO (1) NO154910C (en)
SE (1) SE446702B (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2804629A1 (en) * 2000-01-21 2001-08-10 D Abadie Humberto Roque Carril Procedure for converting cottonwood into high grade wood, comprises controlled stages of felling, cutting, release of water and resin,drying, immersion, release of impurities, modeling and surfacing
WO2003106126A1 (en) * 2002-06-12 2003-12-24 Jaakko Kause A method to produce a decay resistant and weatherproof wooden procut with qualities like hardwood
NL1023267C2 (en) * 2003-04-25 2004-10-27 Shen-Ba Lee Timber producing method involves applying pressure to each pressing plate to compress piece of timber including heartwood after desired pressure is applied to timber piece
FR2854095A1 (en) * 2003-04-28 2004-10-29 Shen Ba Lee Timber manufacturing process, involves compressing timber piece by applying desired pressure on it using compression plates for reducing its humidity content to desired low rate

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE9303821L (en) * 1993-11-18 1995-05-19 Curt Lindhe Ways to produce hard wood elements
SE510658C2 (en) * 1995-02-24 1999-06-14 Curt Lindhe Ways to make impregnated wood products
SE510198C2 (en) * 1995-04-13 1999-04-26 Asea Brown Boveri Device for pressure treatment of wood
BR112020013346A2 (en) 2017-12-29 2020-12-01 Armstrong Hardwood Flooring Company treated wood member, floor and method to increase the density of a wood member

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE291945C (en) * 1915-06-25
US2666463A (en) * 1949-02-21 1954-01-19 Weyerhaeuser Timber Co Method of densifying wood

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE291945C (en) * 1915-06-25
US2666463A (en) * 1949-02-21 1954-01-19 Weyerhaeuser Timber Co Method of densifying wood

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
LANGENDORF - EICHLER: Holzvergütung, VEB-Fachbuchverlag, Leipzig 1979, S. 34, 82-84 *
VORREITER: Holztechnologisches Handbuch, Bd. II, Verlag Georg Fromme, Wien, München 1958, S. 504, 508, 509, 526 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2804629A1 (en) * 2000-01-21 2001-08-10 D Abadie Humberto Roque Carril Procedure for converting cottonwood into high grade wood, comprises controlled stages of felling, cutting, release of water and resin,drying, immersion, release of impurities, modeling and surfacing
WO2003106126A1 (en) * 2002-06-12 2003-12-24 Jaakko Kause A method to produce a decay resistant and weatherproof wooden procut with qualities like hardwood
US7147024B2 (en) 2002-06-12 2006-12-12 Jaakko Kause Method to produce a decay resistant and weatherproof wooden product with qualities like hardwood
NL1023267C2 (en) * 2003-04-25 2004-10-27 Shen-Ba Lee Timber producing method involves applying pressure to each pressing plate to compress piece of timber including heartwood after desired pressure is applied to timber piece
FR2854095A1 (en) * 2003-04-28 2004-10-29 Shen Ba Lee Timber manufacturing process, involves compressing timber piece by applying desired pressure on it using compression plates for reducing its humidity content to desired low rate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI73621C (en) 1987-11-09
FI814020L (en) 1982-06-17
NO154910B (en) 1986-10-06
SE8008814L (en) 1982-06-17
DK555381A (en) 1982-06-17
DK156626B (en) 1989-09-18
DE3148120C2 (en) 1992-04-09
FI73621B (en) 1987-07-31
NO154910C (en) 1987-01-14
DK156626C (en) 1990-03-12
NO814250L (en) 1982-06-17
SE446702B (en) 1986-10-06

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