DE29805330U1 - Laboratory device for the biaxial stretching of foils made of thermoplastic - Google Patents

Laboratory device for the biaxial stretching of foils made of thermoplastic

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Publication number
DE29805330U1
DE29805330U1 DE29805330U DE29805330U DE29805330U1 DE 29805330 U1 DE29805330 U1 DE 29805330U1 DE 29805330 U DE29805330 U DE 29805330U DE 29805330 U DE29805330 U DE 29805330U DE 29805330 U1 DE29805330 U1 DE 29805330U1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
stretching
rollers
stretched
film
thermoplastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
DE29805330U
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German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DOBOCZKY ZOLTAN ANDREAS
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DOBOCZKY ZOLTAN ANDREAS
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Application filed by DOBOCZKY ZOLTAN ANDREAS filed Critical DOBOCZKY ZOLTAN ANDREAS
Priority to DE29805330U priority Critical patent/DE29805330U1/en
Publication of DE29805330U1 publication Critical patent/DE29805330U1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
    • B29C55/10—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial
    • B29C55/12—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial
    • B29C55/16—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial simultaneously
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/44—Resins; Plastics; Rubber; Leather
    • G01N33/442—Resins; Plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
    • G01N2203/0254—Biaxial, the forces being applied along two normal axes of the specimen
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0278—Thin specimens
    • G01N2203/0282—Two dimensional, e.g. tapes, webs, sheets, strips, disks or membranes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
    • G01N2203/0647—Image analysis

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)

Description

Labor-Vorrichtung zum biaxialen Dehnen von Folien aus thermoplastischemLaboratory device for biaxial stretching of films made of thermoplastic

Kunststoff.Plastic.

Es ist bekannt, aus DIN 53455 Zugversuche zur Beurteilung des Verhaltens von Kunststoffen bei einachsiger Beanspruchung durchzuführen. Für die Bestimmung der zu ermittelnden Eigenschaften, wie Zugfestigkeit, Reißfestigkeit, Streckspannung, Spannungswert, Dehnung bei Höchstkraft, Reißdehnung und Dehnung bei Streckspannung in beiden Richtungen d.h. längs und quer werden diese unabhängig voneinander in zwei Arbeitsgängen durchgeführt.It is known from DIN 53455 that tensile tests can be carried out to assess the behavior of plastics under uniaxial stress. To determine the properties to be determined, such as tensile strength, tear strength, yield stress, stress value, elongation at maximum force, elongation at break and elongation at yield stress in both directions, i.e. longitudinally and transversely, these are carried out independently of one another in two work steps.

&iacgr;&ogr; Es ist auch bekannt, aus DIN 53457 die Bestimmung des Elastizitätsmoduls im Zugversuch durchzuführen. Diese Messung kann ebenfalls nur in zwei Stufen durchgeführt werden, wenn die Messwerte sowohl längs als auch quer gebraucht werden.
Der in Schutzansprüchen 1 bis 7 angegebenen Erfindung liegt das Problem zugrunde, diese Messungen gleichzeitig in längs- und querrichtung durchzuführen. Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß durch die gleichzeitige Messung die Messzeit auf die Hälfte reduziert wird, außerdem erhält man die Längs- und Querwerte nicht aus zwei verschiedenen, sondern aus einem Stück Folie, was der Praxis entspricht.&iacgr;&ogr; It is also known from DIN 53457 to determine the modulus of elasticity in a tensile test. This measurement can also only be carried out in two stages if the measured values are needed both longitudinally and transversely.
The invention specified in claims 1 to 7 is based on the problem of carrying out these measurements simultaneously in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The advantages achieved with the invention are in particular that the measuring time is reduced by half due to the simultaneous measurement, and in addition the longitudinal and transverse values are obtained not from two different pieces of film, but from one piece of film, which corresponds to practice.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel ist aus der Fig. 1 ersichtlich und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben.An embodiment is shown in Fig. 1 and is described in more detail below.

Der zu messende Folienzuschnitt 1, Größe nach DIN oder anders, wird mittig zwischen die offenen Abzügswalzen 2 gelegt und diese werden durch die Anpresseinheit 3 zugestellt, so daß dieser fest eingespannt ist. Soll die Messung nicht bei Raumtemperatur durchgeführt werden, wird der Recktisch 4 auf die angegebene Temperatur aufgeheizt. Nach erreichen der Temperatur fährt der beheizte Recktisch 4 hoch und kontaktiert mit dem Folienzuschnitt 1. Eine berührungslose Temperaturmeßstelle 5 erfaßt die Folientemperatur und nach Erreichen des eingestellten Wertes werden die Antriebe 6 eingeschaltet. Die Reckgeschwindigkeiten können sowohl den DIN-Empfehlungen entsprechen oder andere Werte annehmen. Die Reckverhältnisse, sofern es nicht um einen Zerreißtest geht, werden vorher am Computer 7 eingestellt Fig. 2 und die Antriebsmotoren 6 schalten automatisch ab. Nach Endstellung fährt der Recktisch wieder in die Ausgangsstellung und schaltet die Folienkühlung 8 ein. Ist die Folie abgekühlt wird die Spannvorrichtung 3 die Anpresswalzen 2 hochfahren und die Folie kann entnommen werden.The film cut 1 to be measured, size according to DIN or other, is placed in the middle between the open take-off rollers 2 and these are fed by the pressure unit 3 so that it is firmly clamped. If the measurement is not to be carried out at room temperature, the stretching table 4 is heated to the specified temperature. After reaching the temperature, the heated stretching table 4 moves up and makes contact with the film cut 1. A contactless temperature measuring point 5 records the film temperature and after reaching the set value, the drives 6 are switched on. The stretching speeds can either correspond to the DIN recommendations or take on other values. The stretching ratios, unless a tear test is involved, are set beforehand on the computer 7 Fig. 2 and the drive motors 6 switch off automatically. After the end position, the stretching table moves back to the starting position and switches on the film cooling 8. Once the film has cooled down, the tensioning device 3 will raise the pressure rollers 2 and the film can be removed.

Während des Reckvorganges werden die gewünschten Abhängigkeiten z.B. Kraft-Dehnungs-Diagramm für bestimmte Temperaturen Fig. 3 oder der Elastizitätsmodul Fig. 4 aus dem Steigungswinkel ermittelt. Alle erwünschten Daten werden am Computer ermittelt und tabellarisch zusammengefaßt. Der beheizte Recktisch 4 wird mit Antihaftbeschichtung vorgesehen, um das Anhaften der Folie zu vermeiden. Es ist für die Beobachtung vorteilhaft, den Tisch transparent, aus Glas oder Keramik, auszuführen, weil durch polarisierte Scheiben die Spannungsfelder beobachtet oder gefilmt werden können. Diese geben Aufschluß über die Gleichmäßigkeit des Vorganges und helfen, die Recktemperatur zu optimieren.During the stretching process, the desired dependencies, e.g. force-strain diagram for certain temperatures Fig. 3 or the elasticity modulus Fig. 4 are determined from the angle of inclination. All desired data are determined on the computer and summarized in a table. The heated stretching table 4 is provided with a non-stick coating to prevent the film from sticking. It is advantageous for observation purposes to make the table transparent, made of glass or ceramic, because the stress fields can be observed or filmed through polarized panes. These provide information about the uniformity of the process and help to optimize the stretching temperature.

Labor-Vorrichtung zum biaxialen Dehnen von Folien aus thermoplastischemLaboratory device for biaxial stretching of films made of thermoplastic

Kunststoff.Plastic.

Um die Temperatur des Folienzuschnitts 1 zu registrieren, wird diese berührungslos gemessen und registriert. Außerdem ist es vorteilhaft, die Änderung der Folienstärke in Abhängigkeit von der Dehnung aufzutragen. Dies wird ebenfalls kontaktlos gemessen und aufgezeichnet.In order to record the temperature of the film cut 1, it is measured and recorded without contact. It is also advantageous to plot the change in film thickness as a function of the stretch. This is also measured and recorded without contact.

ss Die Abzugswalzen 2 werden so ausgeführt, daß die Anpresskraft den Folienzuschnitt 1 während des gesamten Dehnvorganges sicher festhält. Eine Oberflächenbehandlung, Rändel oder Kordel oder andere Profile, ist vorteilhaft. Die Abzugswalzeneinheit kann auch so ausgeführt werden, Fig. 5, daß nur zwei Walzenpaare 2 vorhanden sind und, anstatt der weiteren zwei Klemmeinrichtungen 9, zum Festhalten der Folienzuschnittsenden eingebaut sind.ss The take-off rollers 2 are designed so that the contact pressure holds the film cut 1 securely during the entire stretching process. A surface treatment, knurling or cord or other profiles, is advantageous. The take-off roller unit can also be designed so, Fig. 5, that only two pairs of rollers 2 are present and, instead of the other two clamping devices 9, are installed to hold the film cut ends.

In der Ausführung der Labor-Vorrichtung wird der Auswertungskomfort, vollautomatische Aufzeichnung der gewünschten Zusammenhänge, Kraft, Dehnung, Temperatur usw. sowohl graphisch, als auch in Tabellenform, mit Computer und Farbdrucker gegeben.The design of the laboratory device provides the convenience of evaluation, fully automatic recording of the desired relationships, force, strain, temperature, etc. both graphically and in tabular form, with a computer and color printer.

Claims (7)

Labor-Vorrichtung zum biaxialen Dehnen von Folien aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff.Laboratory device for biaxial stretching of thermoplastic films. Vorrichtung zum biaxialen Recken eines, aus einer oder mehreren Schichten bestehenden Folienzuschnitts aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff, die in der Reihenfolge aus folgenden Elementen besteht:Device for biaxially stretching a thermoplastic film cut consisting of one or more layers, which consists of the following elements in the following order: Beheizter Recktisch j 4 Paar Abzugswalzen oder 2 Klemmvorrichtungen und zwei Paar Abzugswalzen mit Antrieb und KühlvorrichtungHeated stretching table j 4 pairs of take-off rollers or 2 clamping devices and two pairs of take-off rollers with drive and cooling device Schutzansprüche:Protection claims: 1. Vorrichtung zum biaxialen Recken eines, aus ein- oder mehreren Schichten1. Device for biaxially stretching one or more layers bestehenden Folienzuschnitts aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der höhenverstellbare und beheizte Recktisch antihaftbeschichtet ist und aus transparentem Glas oder Keramik besteht.existing foil cut made of thermoplastic material, characterized in that the height-adjustable and heated stretching table has a non-stick coating and is made of transparent glass or ceramic. 2. Vorrichtung nach Schutzanspruch2. Device according to protection claim dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich über und unter dem Recktisch polarisierte Gläser befinden, welche eine kontinuierliche Aufnahme des Spannungsbildes ermöglichen.characterized in that polarized glasses are located above and below the stretching table, which enable a continuous recording of the stress image. 3. Vorrichtung nach Schutzanspruch 1 bis3. Device according to claim 1 to dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Folientemperatur oder Folienstärke oder beides, während des Reckvorganges, kontinuierlich berührungslos gemessen und aufgezeichnet werden.characterized in that the film temperature or film thickness or both are continuously measured and recorded without contact during the stretching process. 4. Vorrichtung nach Schutzanspruch 1 bis4. Device according to claim 1 to dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zu reckende Folienzuschnitt an allen vier Enden mit Abzugswalzen festgeklemmt und mit allen, mindestens mit zwei, Walzenpaaren auf das vorgegebene Maß gereckt wird.characterized in that the film cut to be stretched is clamped at all four ends with pull-off rollers and is stretched to the specified dimension with all, at least two, pairs of rollers. 5. Vorrichtung nach Schutzanspruch 1 bis5. Device according to claim 1 to dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zu reckende Folienzuschnitt in beiden Richtungen eingespannt und mittels zwei, senkrecht aufeinander stehenden, Abzugswalzen auf das vorgegebene Maß gereckt wird.characterized in that the film cut to be stretched is clamped in both directions and is stretched to the specified dimension by means of two pull-off rollers arranged perpendicular to one another. 6. Vorrichtung nach Schutzanspruch 1 bis6. Device according to claim 1 to dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abzugswalzen mit einem besonderen Profil, z. B. Zahnradform, ausgeführt sind.characterized in that the take-off rollers are designed with a special profile, e.g. gear shape. 7. Vorrichtung nach Schutzanspruch 1 bis7. Device according to claim 1 to dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese nach Einstellung aller Werte, z.B. Reckgeschwindigkeit, Reckverhältnis usw. vollautomatisch arbeitet und alle gewünschte Werte registriert.characterized in that after setting all values, e.g. stretching speed, stretching ratio, etc., it operates fully automatically and registers all desired values.
DE29805330U 1998-03-24 1998-03-24 Laboratory device for the biaxial stretching of foils made of thermoplastic Expired - Lifetime DE29805330U1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29805330U DE29805330U1 (en) 1998-03-24 1998-03-24 Laboratory device for the biaxial stretching of foils made of thermoplastic

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29805330U DE29805330U1 (en) 1998-03-24 1998-03-24 Laboratory device for the biaxial stretching of foils made of thermoplastic

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DE29805330U1 true DE29805330U1 (en) 1998-06-25

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19938011C2 (en) * 1999-01-25 2003-02-20 Council Scient Ind Res Two-dimensional stress relaxation test apparatus

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19938011C2 (en) * 1999-01-25 2003-02-20 Council Scient Ind Res Two-dimensional stress relaxation test apparatus

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R086 Non-binding declaration of licensing interest
R207 Utility model specification

Effective date: 19980806

R156 Lapse of ip right after 3 years

Effective date: 20020101