DE2846371A1 - Vehicle collision safety systems actuator - uses two glued oscillating, oppositely-polarised piezoceramic wafers mounted on circuit board, reacting to acceleration change - Google Patents

Vehicle collision safety systems actuator - uses two glued oscillating, oppositely-polarised piezoceramic wafers mounted on circuit board, reacting to acceleration change

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Publication number
DE2846371A1
DE2846371A1 DE19782846371 DE2846371A DE2846371A1 DE 2846371 A1 DE2846371 A1 DE 2846371A1 DE 19782846371 DE19782846371 DE 19782846371 DE 2846371 A DE2846371 A DE 2846371A DE 2846371 A1 DE2846371 A1 DE 2846371A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
circuit board
oppositely
polarised
glued
oscillating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE19782846371
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Walter Jansche
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority to DE19782846371 priority Critical patent/DE2846371A1/en
Publication of DE2846371A1 publication Critical patent/DE2846371A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P15/00Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
    • G01P15/02Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
    • G01P15/08Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values
    • G01P15/09Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values by piezoelectric pick-up
    • G01P15/0922Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses with conversion into electric or magnetic values by piezoelectric pick-up of the bending or flexing mode type

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Abstract

The accelerometer is used to release safety mechanisms in a vehicle during a head-on collision. A piezoelectric element (1) consisting of two oppositely polarised piezoceramic sections (4, 5) glued together is clamped directly on to a circuit board (3). The ceramic sections are connected to a charge amplifier which converts the high input impedance signal to a low impedance output which is proportional to the acceleration. In a collision the element oscillates flexurally to generate an electrical signal which releases the required safety procedures. The device is unsensitive to transverse accelerations since seat belts and air cushions are useless in a side collision. It is encapsulated to protect it from moisture. Frequency response is constant between 10 Hz and 1kHz which suffices for safety mechanism release.

Description

Beschleunigungsaufnehmer zum Auslösen vonAccelerometer to trigger

Sicherheitseinrichtungen Stand der Technik Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Beschleunigungsgeber nach der Gattung des Hautpanspruchs. Aus der DE-OS 22 07 831 ist schon ein Beschleunigungsaufnehmer bekannt, der eine Piezotablette aufweist, die mit Mitteln zum Vorspannen, z.B. Tellerfedern über eine Schlägmasse vorspannbar ist.State of the art safety devices The invention is based from an accelerator according to the genus of the main claim. From the DE-OS 22 07 831 an accelerometer is already known, which is a piezo tablet with means for pretensioning, e.g. disc springs via a whipping mass can be prestressed.

Diese Anordnung hat den Nachteil, daß ein großer mechanischer Aufwand nötig ist und daß der Beschleunigungsaufnehmer eine hohe Querempfindlichkeit aufweist.This arrangement has the disadvantage that a great mechanical effort is necessary and that the accelerometer has a high cross-sensitivity.

Vorteile der Erfindung Der erfindungsgemäße Beschleunigungsaufnehmer mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß er einfach und kompakt aufgebaut ist und auch im rauhen Betrieb eines Kraftfahrzeuges sicher und zuverlässig arbeitet. Als weiterer Vorteil ist anzusehen, daß der Biegeschwinger die für die vorgesehene Anwendung wichtige niedrige Querbeschleunigungsempfindlichkeit aufweist.Advantages of the Invention The accelerometer according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage over this that it is simple and compact and also in the rough operation of a motor vehicle works safely and reliably. Another advantage is that the flexural oscillator the low lateral acceleration sensitivity, which is important for the intended application having.

Zeichnungen Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Fig. 1 und 2 verschiedene Spannarten des piezoelektrischen Elementes.Drawings An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. 1 shows and 2 different types of tensioning of the piezoelectric element.

Beschreibung des Ausführungsbeispiels In Fig. 1 ist ein als Biegeschwinger ausgebildetes piezoelektrisches Element 1 dargestellt, das einseitig mit einer Spannvorrichtung 2 auf eine als Unterlage dienende Leiterplatte 3 gepreßt wird und dadurch fest eingespannt ist. Das piezoelektrische Element 1 weist zwei gegensinnig polarisierte Scheiben 4 und 5 auf, die miteinander verklebt sind. Wird das piezoelektrische Element 1 im Wechsel Zug- und Druckspannungen bzw. Biege spannungen, in den beiden miteinander verklebten Streifen 4 und 5 ausgesetzt, so kann an der Oberseite 4 und Unterseite 5 ein elektrisches Signal abgegriffen werden. Die Unterseite 5 ist direkt auf eine Leiterbahn 6 gepreßt, während des elektrische Signal, das die Oberseite 4 abgibt, über die Spannvorrichtung 2 auf die Leiterbahn 7 geleitet wird. Wegen der gegensinnigen Polarisation der beiden Plättchen 4 und 5 entstehen an den Ab griffen gleichsinnige und sich daher addierende Spannungssignale.DESCRIPTION OF THE EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENT In Fig. 1 is a flexural oscillator formed piezoelectric element 1 shown, the one-sided with a clamping device 2 is pressed onto a printed circuit board 3 serving as a base and thereby firmly clamped is. The piezoelectric element 1 has two oppositely polarized disks 4 and 5, which are glued together. If the piezoelectric element 1 alternating tensile and compressive stresses or bending stresses, in the two together glued strips 4 and 5 exposed, so can on the top 4 and bottom 5 an electrical signal can be tapped. The bottom 5 is right on one Conductor 6 pressed, during the electrical signal that the top 4 emits, is passed via the clamping device 2 onto the conductor track 7. Because of the opposing Polarization of the two plates 4 and 5 arise at the tap voltage signals in the same direction and therefore adding up.

Die entstandenen hochohmigen Signale werden über die Leiterbahnen 6 und 7 einem Ladungsverstärker zugeführt, durch den ein niederohmiges, der Beschleunigung proportionales Spannungssignal entsteht. Ebenso wie das piezoelektrische Element ist der Ladungsverstärker auf der Leiterpiatte 3 untergebracht.The resulting high-resistance signals are transmitted via the conductor tracks 6 and 7 are fed to a charge amplifier through which a low-resistance, the acceleration proportional voltage signal arises. Just like the piezoelectric element the charge amplifier is housed on the printed circuit board 3.

Ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel des Biegeschwingers ist in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Das piezoelektrische Element 1 ist hier zwischen zwei Einspannklötze 8, 9 aus Isolierstoff gespannt. Die Lötanschlüsse zum Abnehmen der elektrischen Signale befinden sich innerhalb der Einspannung Da der Beschleunigungsaufnehmer gegen Feuchtigkeit empfindlich ist, empfiehlt es sich, die Einrichtung einzukapseln.A further exemplary embodiment of the flexural oscillator is shown in FIG. 2 shown. The piezoelectric element 1 is here between two clamping blocks 8, 9 stretched from insulating material. The soldered connections for removing the electrical Signals are within the clamping Da of the accelerometer If you are sensitive to moisture, it is best to encapsulate the device.

Das Auslösen der Sicherheitseinrichtungen, wie z.B.The triggering of the safety devices, e.g.

eines Luftkissens, soll nur in dem Fall erfolgen, wenn das Fahrzeug in Fahrtrichtung auf ein Hindernis trifft, da im Falle einer seitlichen Kollision das Luftkissen keinen Schutz bietet. Daher müssen unerwünschte Signale durch Scherkräfte bei Querbeschleunigungen unterbunden werden. Der erfindungsgemäße Beschleunigugsaufnehmer weist wegen seiner vorteilhaften Konstruktion eine niedrige Querbeschleunigungsempfindlichkeit auf.an air cushion, should only be done in the case when the vehicle encounters an obstacle in the direction of travel, in the event of a side collision the air cushion does not offer any protection. Therefore, unwanted signals must be caused by shear forces are prevented in the event of lateral acceleration. The accelerometer according to the invention Due to its advantageous construction, it has a low sensitivity to lateral acceleration on.

Der Frequenzgang des Beschleunigungsaufnehmers ist im Frequenzbereich von 10 Hz bis 1 KHz ungefähr konstant.The frequency response of the accelerometer is in the frequency domain approximately constant from 10 Hz to 1 KHz.

Für die Auslösung von Luftkissen genügt grundsätzlich ein Beschlenigungsaufnehmer mit einer Bandbreite von 10 ... 200 Hz. Da hochfrequente Verzögerungswerte am Beginn eines Aufprallvorganges vorhanden sind, ist es möglich, eine frühere Auslösung des Luftkissens durch einen breitbandigen Beschleunigungsaufnehmer zu erreichen. Auch bei Gurtstrammersystemen ist ein Beschleunigungsaufnehmer mit großer Bandbreite erwünscht, da hier höherfrequente Verzögerungen erfaßt werden sollen.Basically, it is sufficient to trigger air cushions a Acceleration sensors with a bandwidth of 10 ... 200 Hz. As high-frequency Deceleration values are available at the beginning of an impact process, it is possible an earlier release of the air cushion by a broadband accelerometer to reach. An accelerometer is also included with belt tensioner systems A large bandwidth is desirable, since higher-frequency delays are recorded here should.

Claims (4)

Ansprüche ^S BeschleunigungsauSnehmer zum Auslösen von Sicherheitseinrichtungen wie Luftkissen, Gurtstrammer oder ähnliche Systeme beim Aufprall von Fahrzeugen mit Hilfe eines piezoelektrischen Elementes und eines Ladungsverstärkers, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das piezoelektrische Element als Biegeschwinger ausgebildet ist, der an einem Ende mit Hilfe einer Spannvorrichtung (2) fest eingespannt ist und der mit dem anderen Ende frei schwingen kann. Claims ^ S acceleration sensor for triggering safety devices such as air cushions, belt tensioners or similar systems in the event of a vehicle impact with the help of a piezoelectric element and a charge amplifier, thereby characterized in that the piezoelectric element is designed as a flexural oscillator which is firmly clamped at one end with the aid of a clamping device (2) and which can swing freely with the other end. 2. Beschleunigungsaufnehmer nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch zwei zusammengeklebte entgegengesetzt polarisierte Piezokeramikscheiben (4, 5). 2. Accelerometer according to claim 1, characterized by two oppositely polarized piezoceramic disks (4, 5) glued together. 3. Beschleunigungsaufnehmer nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Biegeschwinger (1) direkt auf eine Leiterplatte (3) aufgespannt ist, die den Ladungsverstärker zur Impedanzumsetzung trägt. 3. Accelerometer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the flexural oscillator (1) is clamped directly on a circuit board (3), the carries the charge amplifier to convert the impedance. 4. Beschleunigungsgeber nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er durch Einkapseln gegen Feuchtigkeit geschützt ist.4. Acceleration sensor according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized in that it is protected against moisture by encapsulation.
DE19782846371 1978-10-25 1978-10-25 Vehicle collision safety systems actuator - uses two glued oscillating, oppositely-polarised piezoceramic wafers mounted on circuit board, reacting to acceleration change Ceased DE2846371A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19782846371 DE2846371A1 (en) 1978-10-25 1978-10-25 Vehicle collision safety systems actuator - uses two glued oscillating, oppositely-polarised piezoceramic wafers mounted on circuit board, reacting to acceleration change

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19782846371 DE2846371A1 (en) 1978-10-25 1978-10-25 Vehicle collision safety systems actuator - uses two glued oscillating, oppositely-polarised piezoceramic wafers mounted on circuit board, reacting to acceleration change

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DE2846371A1 true DE2846371A1 (en) 1980-05-08

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3814950A1 (en) * 1988-05-03 1989-11-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert ACCELERATOR
EP0476356A1 (en) * 1990-09-19 1992-03-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Seat occupation switching device for automotive vehicles
FR2723641A1 (en) * 1994-08-09 1996-02-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert ACCELERATION DETECTOR MOUNTED IN MOTOR VEHICLES FOR KNOWING ACCELERATION FORCES EXECUTING THE VEHICLE BY GENERATING A CONTROL SIGNAL
DE4440078A1 (en) * 1994-11-10 1996-05-15 Telefunken Microelectron Piezoelectric accelerometer
DE19525147A1 (en) * 1995-07-11 1997-01-16 Telefunken Microelectron Piezoelectric acceleration sensor e.g. for motor vehicle airbag release during collision - consists of combination of two in opposite polarisation w.r.t. each other layered and electrically and mechanically connected bending elements, which are formed of piezoelectric material
DE10108849C2 (en) * 2000-03-18 2002-05-08 Conti Temic Microelectronic Method for controlling occupant protection devices in a vehicle

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2207831A1 (en) * 1972-02-19 1973-08-23 Dynamit Nobel Ag ELECTRONIC SENSOR FOR TRIGGERING SAFETY DEVICES IN THE EVENT OF A VEHICLE IMPACT

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2207831A1 (en) * 1972-02-19 1973-08-23 Dynamit Nobel Ag ELECTRONIC SENSOR FOR TRIGGERING SAFETY DEVICES IN THE EVENT OF A VEHICLE IMPACT

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DE-Z.: Elektronik, H. 7, 1973, Bd. 22, S. 267-268 *
DE-Z.: Valvo Berichte Bd. 20, H. 2 April 1977, S. 90-91 *

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3814950A1 (en) * 1988-05-03 1989-11-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert ACCELERATOR
EP0476356A1 (en) * 1990-09-19 1992-03-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Seat occupation switching device for automotive vehicles
FR2723641A1 (en) * 1994-08-09 1996-02-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert ACCELERATION DETECTOR MOUNTED IN MOTOR VEHICLES FOR KNOWING ACCELERATION FORCES EXECUTING THE VEHICLE BY GENERATING A CONTROL SIGNAL
WO1996005515A1 (en) * 1994-08-09 1996-02-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Acceleration sensor
DE4440078A1 (en) * 1994-11-10 1996-05-15 Telefunken Microelectron Piezoelectric accelerometer
US5631421A (en) * 1994-11-10 1997-05-20 Temic Telefunken Microelectronic Gmbh Piezoelectric acceleration transducer
EP0712005A3 (en) * 1994-11-10 1998-08-12 TEMIC TELEFUNKEN microelectronic GmbH Piezoelectric acceleration sensor
DE19525147A1 (en) * 1995-07-11 1997-01-16 Telefunken Microelectron Piezoelectric acceleration sensor e.g. for motor vehicle airbag release during collision - consists of combination of two in opposite polarisation w.r.t. each other layered and electrically and mechanically connected bending elements, which are formed of piezoelectric material
DE19525147C2 (en) * 1995-07-11 1998-08-13 Telefunken Microelectron Piezoelectric bending sensor, especially a series bimorph sensor
DE10108849C2 (en) * 2000-03-18 2002-05-08 Conti Temic Microelectronic Method for controlling occupant protection devices in a vehicle
DE10108850C2 (en) * 2000-03-18 2002-05-08 Conti Temic Microelectronic Method for controlling occupant protection devices in a vehicle
DE10108848C2 (en) * 2000-03-18 2002-05-16 Conti Temic Microelectronic Method for controlling occupant protection devices in a vehicle

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