DE2802663A1 - Hydrophobising surfaces by vaporising hydrophobic agent under vacuum - for textiles, plastics, wood, metals, leather, silicate(s), etc. - Google Patents

Hydrophobising surfaces by vaporising hydrophobic agent under vacuum - for textiles, plastics, wood, metals, leather, silicate(s), etc.

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Publication number
DE2802663A1
DE2802663A1 DE19782802663 DE2802663A DE2802663A1 DE 2802663 A1 DE2802663 A1 DE 2802663A1 DE 19782802663 DE19782802663 DE 19782802663 DE 2802663 A DE2802663 A DE 2802663A DE 2802663 A1 DE2802663 A1 DE 2802663A1
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Prior art keywords
textiles
vacuum
vaporising
torr
leather
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Granted
Application number
DE19782802663
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German (de)
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DE2802663C2 (en
Inventor
Fritz Hahn
Ulrich Dipl Chem Dr Rall
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Priority to DE19782802663 priority Critical patent/DE2802663A1/en
Publication of DE2802663A1 publication Critical patent/DE2802663A1/en
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Publication of DE2802663C2 publication Critical patent/DE2802663C2/de
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/12—Aldehydes; Ketones
    • D06M13/127—Mono-aldehydes, e.g. formaldehyde; Monoketones
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/02—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with hydrocarbons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/12—Aldehydes; Ketones
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/144—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/144—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
    • D06M13/148—Polyalcohols, e.g. glycerol or glucose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
    • D06M13/2243—Mono-, di-, or triglycerides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

Surface structures are rendered hydrophobic by vaporising the hydrophobic agent onto the surface, under vacuum. The non-reactive active substance is vapourised without decompsn. onto the surface at 80-400 degrees C/10-2 -10-5 torr, pref. 90-200 degrees C./10-3 -10-5 torr, in a vacuum chamber. The distance between the vaporising apparatus and the surface is such that mean free path of the molecule in the vapour space is not exceeded. Used for surfaces comprising textiles, paper, films, made of natural or synthetic polymers, silicates, metals, bast, wood, leather, etc. Energy requirements are reduced as solvents or water are not required for the process; health hazards due to solvents, impregnants; etc. are obviated, negative effects of emulsifiers are obviated; textiles and are carefully handled as no mechanical means are required.

Description

"Verfahren zum Ilydrophob ieren von Flächengebild"Method for Ilydrophob ating of flat structures

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Hydrophobieren von Flächengebilden, durch Aufdampfen unzersetzt verdampfbarer Hydrophobiermittel im Vakuum.The invention relates to a method for hydrophobing flat structures, by evaporation in a vacuum that can be evaporated without decomposition.

Das Hydrophobieren von Flächengebilden, insbesondere Textilmaterialien oder Folien, wird bekanntermaßen in der Weise durchgeführt, daß man geeignete Hydrophobiermittel in wäßriger oder organischer Lösung bzw. Emulsion auf das zu behandelnde Material aufbringt. Die Nachteile dieser Verfahren bestehen vor allem in dem beim Trocknen aufzuwendenden hohen Energieverbrauch und der Urnweltbelastung durch Abwässer bzw. Lösungsmitteldämpfe.The waterproofing of flat structures, especially textile materials or films, is known to be carried out in such a way that suitable water repellants are used in aqueous or organic solution or emulsion on the material to be treated brings up. The main disadvantages of these processes are that of drying The high energy consumption to be expended and the environmental pollution from wastewater or Solvent fumes.

Man hat auch bereits vorgeschlagen, die Hydrophobierung nach -dem Transferverfahren durchzuführen. Hierzu wird das Hydrophobiermittel zunächst auf ein Trägermaterial aufgetragen, das dann mit dem zu hydrophobierenden Material unter Wärmeeinwirkung in unmittelbaren Kontakt gebracht wird. Die Nachteile bestehen in den 2,ufwendungen für das Trägermaterial, das nach dem Transfervorgang nicht wiederverwenuet werden kann.It has also already been proposed that the hydrophobization after -dem To carry out transfer procedures. For this purpose, the water repellent is first applied a carrier material applied, which is then with the material to be hydrophobized under Heat is brought into direct contact. The disadvantages are The 2, expenses for the carrier material that is not reused after the transfer process can be.

Schließlich hat man das Hydrophobierverfahren auch in der Weise durchgeführt, daß man leicht verdampfbare, reaktive Moleküle, wie z. B. Siloxane, Titanhalogenide, Isocyanate auf Textilmaterialien oder dgl. aufgedampft hat. Dabei muß jedoch im allgemeinen ein Katalysator angewendet werden, der z. B. vorher auf das zu hydrophobierende Material aufgebracht wird. Das Verfahren ist deshalb umständlich und auf eine relativ geringe Zahl reaktiver Substanzen beschränkt.Finally, the water repellent process has also been carried out in such a way that that one easily vaporizable, reactive molecules such. B. siloxanes, titanium halides, Has evaporated isocyanates onto textile materials or the like. However, im generally a catalyst can be used, the z. B. beforehand on the one to be hydrophobicized Material is applied. The procedure is therefore cumbersome and relative limited number of reactive substances.

Der Vorteil der Energieeinsparung entfällt durch die Notwendig];eit der Vorimprägnierung mit der Katalysatorlösung.The advantage of saving energy is omitted because of the necessity pre-impregnation with the catalyst solution.

Gegenstand der Erfinduny-ist ein Verfahren zum Hydrophobieren von Flächengebilden durch Aufdampfen hydrophobierend wirkender Substanzen im Vakuum, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man nicht reaktive Hydrophobiermittel ohne Zersetzung bei Temperaturen von 80 bis 400 °C in einer Vakuumkammer unter einem Druck von 10 2 bis 10 -5 Torr auf die zu hydrophobierende Oberfläche aufdampft, wobei der Abstand zwischen Verdampfungsgefäß und Oberfläche so gewählt wird, daß die mittlere freie Weglänge der Moleküle im Dampfraum nicht überschritten wird.The subject of the invention is a process for making water repellent Flat structures by vapor deposition of substances with a hydrophobic effect in a vacuum, characterized in that non-reactive water repellants are used without decomposition at temperatures of 80 to 400 ° C in a vacuum chamber under a pressure of 10 2 to 10 -5 Torr is evaporated onto the surface to be hydrophobized, the distance between the evaporation vessel and the surface is chosen so that the middle free Path length of the molecules in the vapor space is not exceeded.

In dem Verfahren werden an sich bekannte, nicht reaktive Hydrophobiermittel eingesetzt, die sich im Vakuum ohne Zersetzung verdampfen lassen. Solche Verbindungen sind beispielsweise Paraffine der Schmelzpunkte 50 bis 70 °C, gehärtete Fette, z. B. gehärtetes Rüböl oder Glycerintristearat, tiono- bzw. Diglyceride höherer Fettsäuren, z. B. Glycerinmonobehenat, Fettketone der Kettenlängen C3G-C48, Fettsäuren der Kettenlängen C18-C24, Wachse, z. B. Bienenwachs oder Montanwachs, Fettsäuresalze, z. B.In the process, known, non-reactive water repellants are used used, which can be evaporated in a vacuum without decomposition. Such connections are, for example, paraffins with a melting point of 50 to 70 ° C, hydrogenated fats, e.g. B. hydrogenated rapeseed oil or glycerol tristearate, iono- or diglycerides of higher fatty acids, z. B. glycerol monobehenate, fatty ketones of chain lengths C3G-C48, fatty acids of chain lengths C18-C24, waxes e.g. B. beeswax or montan wax, fatty acid salts, e.g. B.

Aluminiuntristearat, Metallalkoholate, z. B. Butyltitanat, Silikone usw. Die Mittel können allein oder im Gemisch angewendet werden.Aluminum tristearate, metal alcoholates, e.g. B. butyl titanate, silicones etc. The agents can be used alone or in admixture.

Bei den zu bedampfenden Flächengebilden handelt es sich in erster Linie um Textilmaterialien, Folien oder Papierbahnen. Die Flächengebilde können aus beliebigen Materialien bestehen, z. B. natürlichen oder synthetischen Polymeren, Silikaten, Metallen, Bast, Holz, Leder oder dgl.The flat structures to be vaporized are primarily Line around textile materials, foils or paper webs. The fabrics can consist of any materials, e.g. B. natural or synthetic polymers, Silicates, metals, bast, wood, leather or the like.

Die Materialien können gefärbt, bedruckt oder mit Permantausrüstungen, z. B-. Knitter- oder Krumpfechtausrüstungen, Flammschutzausrüstungen oder dgl. versehen sein. Gegebenenfalls empfiehlt sich eine Vorreinigung des Materials, um Schmälzen, Avivagen oder andere Verunreinigungen zu entfernen.The materials can be colored, printed or with permanent finishing, z. B-. Crinkle or shrink-proof finishes, flame retardant finishes or the like. Provided be. If necessary, a pre-cleaning of the material is recommended in order to Remove finishing agents or other impurities.

Das Verfahren wird in einer Vakuumkammer, entweder ahsatzweise oder im Durchlaufverfahren, durchgeführt. Für den letzteren Fall können kontinuierliche oder semikontinuierliche Vakuumanlagen verwendet werden, wie sie beispielsweise als Vakuum-Bandbedampfungsanlagen bekannt sind. Die Vakuumanlage wird mit einem bis auf 400 °C beheizbaren offenen Behälter für das zu verdampfende Mittel beschickt. Dieser Behälter ist unter der waagerecht darüber hinweggeführten Materialbahn angeordnet. Der Abstand zwischen Behälter und Materialbahn darf die mittlere freie Weglänge der Hydrophobiermittel-Moleküle im Vakuum nicht überschreiten. Er beträgt vorzugsweise etwa 50 bis 300 Millimeter, wobei je nach Vakuum auch kürzere Abstände bis etwa 10 Millimeter erforderlich sein können. Der Behälter besitzt zweckmäßig die Form eines länglichen Troges, der quer zur Bewegungsrichtung der Materialbahn angeordnet ist und etwa deren Breite aufweist.The procedure is carried out in a vacuum chamber, either batchwise or carried out in a continuous process. For the latter case can be continuous or semicontinuous vacuum systems are used, such as those for example known as vacuum belt evaporation systems. The vacuum system comes with a charged up to 400 ° C heatable open container for the agent to be evaporated. This container is arranged under the material web that is moved horizontally over it. The distance between the container and the material web may be the mean free path of the water repellant molecules in the vacuum do not exceed. It is preferably about 50 to 300 millimeters, with shorter distances up to about 10 millimeters may be required. The container expediently has the shape an elongated trough which is arranged transversely to the direction of movement of the material web is and has approximately its width.

Der Verdampfungsvorgang wird bei einem Vakuum von etwa 10 -2 bis 10 5 Torr durchgeführt. Vorzugsweise wird bei 10 bis 10 -5 Torr gearbeitet. Die Temperatur im Verdampfer kann zwischen 80 und 400 °C stufenlos geregelt werden, sie beträgt vorzugsweise 90 bis 200 00. Die Geschwindigkeit der Materialbahn kann beim Durchlaufverfahren ebenfalls stufenlos geregelt werden; sie beträgt je nach der gewünschten Auflage 1 bis 100 Meter/Minute, wobei die Materialbahn etwa Raumtemperatur besitzt.The evaporation process takes place at a vacuum of about 10 -2 to 10 5 Torr performed. It is preferred to work at 10 to 10 -5 Torr. The temperature The evaporator can be regulated continuously between 80 and 400 ° C, it is preferably 90 to 200 00. The speed of the material web can be in the case of the continuous process can also be regulated continuously; it is depending on the desired edition 1 to 100 meters / minute, with the material web being around room temperature.

Da die Bedampfung nur einseitig erfolgt, kann ein zweiter Durchlauf der Materialbahn zur Bedampfung der anderen Seite erforderlich sein.Since the vapor is only applied on one side, a second pass can be carried out the material web may be required for steaming the other side.

Zur besseren Fixierung des aufgedampften drittels kann eine thermische Nachbehandlung zweckmäßig sein. Die Nachbehandlungstemperatur soll knapp oberhalb des Erweichungspunktes des Hydrophobiermittels liegen. In der Praxis arbeitet man vorzugsweise zwischen 50 und 200 OC. Die Behandlungsdauer richtet sich nach der Dicke der aufzudampfenden Schicht und der Oberflächenstruktur des Flächengebildes. Sie liegt vorzugsweise zwischen 60 und 180 Sekunden.For better fixation of the vapor-deposited third, a thermal Post-treatment should be appropriate. The post-treatment temperature should be just above the softening point of the water repellent. In practice you work preferably between 50 and 200 OC. The duration of treatment depends on the thickness of the material to be evaporated Layer and the surface structure of the fabric. It preferably lies between 60 and 180 seconds.

Durch das beschriebene Verfahren wird ein hervorragender Hydrophobiereffekt erreicht. Dabei werden die Nachteile der herkömmlichen Verfahren vermieden, und z. B. folgende Vorteile erzielt: 1. der Energieaufwand für die Verdampfung von Wasser oder Lösungsmitteln bei der Trocknung der imprägnierten Materialien wird vermieden 2. Textilgewebe werden schonend behandelt, da sie keinen mechanischen Belastungen ausgesetzt sind 3. ein negativer Einfluß von Emulgatoren auf den Hydrophobiereffekt wird vermieden 4. gesundheitsschädliche Lösungsmittel oder Umweltbelastungen durch verbrauchte Imprägnierflotten, Trägermaterialien oder dgl. entfallen.The process described produces an excellent water-repellent effect achieved. The disadvantages of the conventional methods are avoided, and z. B. achieves the following advantages: 1. The energy expenditure for the evaporation of water or solvents during the drying of the impregnated materials are avoided 2. Textile fabrics are treated gently because they do not have any mechanical loads 3. a negative influence of emulsifiers on the water repellent effect is avoided 4. harmful solvents or environmental pollution Used impregnation liquors, carrier materials or the like are not required.

Beispiele 1) Eine Vakuumbedampfungsanlage wird mit einer Verdampferschale beschickt, die 3 g Aluminiumtristearat enthält. In einem Abstand von 20 cm oberhalb der Verdampferschale ist ein Polyester-Baumwoll-Mischgewebe (65 : 35, qm-Gewicht 350 g, Abmessungen 30 x 50 cm) so befestigt, daß es dem Dampf voll ausgesetzt ist. Die Anlage wird nun auf 5 x 10 -4 Torr evakuiert, die Verdampferschale langsam auf 160 °C erhitzt und den Dampf 2 Minuten einwirken lassen.Examples 1) A vacuum evaporation system is equipped with an evaporator dish charged, which contains 3 g of aluminum tristearate. At a distance of 20 cm above the evaporator dish is a polyester-cotton blend (65: 35, sqm weight 350 g, dimensions 30 x 50 cm) attached so that it is fully exposed to the steam. The system is now evacuated to 5 x 10 -4 Torr, the evaporator dish slowly open Heated to 160 ° C and let the steam work for 2 minutes.

Die anschließende Prüfung des Gewebes ergab folgende Werte: Bundesmann-Beregungsprüfung Spray-Test AATCC-22-1971 DIN 53 888 13 % Wasseraufnahme Abperleffekt Note-100 Ein unbehandeltes Gewebe wies demgegenüber folgende Werte auf: Bundesmann-Beregungsprüfung Spray-Test AATCC-22-1971 DIN 53 888 100 % Wasseraufnahme Abperleffekt Note O Mit der gleichen Versuchsanordnung wurden weitere Hydrophobiermittel geprüft und dabei folgende Ergebnisse erhalten: Mittel Bundesmann Spray-Test DIN 53 388 AATCC-22-1971 Paraffin 60/62 22 B 90 Bienenwachs techn. 26 % 70 Rohmontanwachs 15 % 70 Rüböl, gehärtet 7 % 80 Stearinsäuretri- '18 % 70 glycerid 2) Eine Vakuum-Bandbedampfungsanlage wird mit einem Verdampferschiff beschickt, das die gleiche Breite wie die zu bedampfende Textilbahn besitzt. Die Textilbalm wird oberhalb des Verdampferschiffes in einem Abstand von 200 mm mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit vorbeigeführt. Einzelheiten sind der nachfolgenden Tabelle zu entnehmen: A B C D E F Textilmaterial Baumwolle- Polyester wie A Polyamid Glasfaser wie A polyester- Mischung Hydropho.- Paraffin Stearin- Rüböl, Al-Tri- Rüböl,geh., Glycerinmono- mittel 60/62 säure- gehär- stearat 85 % + Bu- behenat Trigly- tet tyltitanat, cerid 15 % Druck (Torr) 10-1 5x10-2 4x10-3 5x10-4 10-5 10-3 Verdampfungs- Temperatur 105 115 100 140 90 150 (° C) Geschwindig- keit d.Tex- tilbahn 10 50 15 90 5 20 (in/Min.) Auflagemenge (g/m²) 3 2,5 5 2 8 3 Bundesmann 22 % 18 % 7 % 14 % 26 % 20 % (18 %) DIN 53888 Spraytest AATCC-22- 10 80 80 100 90 70 (90) 1971 Werte in ( ): Nachbehandlung bei 150° C, 60 Sekunden.The subsequent test of the fabric gave the following values: Bundesmann sprinkling test spray test AATCC-22-1971 DIN 53 888 13% water absorption beading effect rating-100 In contrast, an untreated fabric had the following values: Bundesmann sprinkling test spray test AATCC-22-1971 DIN 53 888 100% water absorption, beading effect, grade O With the same test set-up, further water repellants were tested and the following results were obtained: Medium Bundesmann spray test DIN 53 388 AATCC-22-1971 Paraffin 60/62 22 B 90 beeswax techn. 26% 70 raw montan wax 15% 70 rapeseed oil, hardened 7% 80 stearic acid tri- '18% 70 glyceride 2) A vacuum belt evaporation system is fed with an evaporation ship that has the same width as the textile web to be steamed. The textile balm is passed above the evaporator ship at a distance of 200 mm at a constant speed. Details can be found in the following table: ABCDEF Textile material cotton-polyester such as A polyamide glass fiber such as A polyester- mixture Hydrophobic paraffin stearin rapeseed oil, Al-Tri- rapeseed oil, hog., Glycerin mono- medium 60/62 acid hardening stearate 85% + behenate Triglyte tyltitanate, cerid 15% Pressure (Torr) 10-1 5x10-2 4x10-3 5x10-4 10-5 10-3 Evaporation Temperature 105 115 100 140 90 150 (° C) Speed tex- cable car 10 50 15 90 5 20 (in / min.) Circulation (g / m²) 3 2.5 5 2 8 3 Federal man 22% 18% 7% 14% 26% 20% (18%) DIN 53888 Spray test AATCC-22- 10 80 80 100 90 70 (90) 1971 Values in (): Post-treatment at 150 ° C, 60 seconds.

Claims (6)

"Verfahren zum Hydrophobieren von Flächengebilden" Patentansprüche 1. Verfahren zum Hydrophobieren von Flächengebilden durch Aufdampfen hydrophobierend wirkender Substanzen im Vakuum, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man nicht reaktive Hydrophobiermittel ohne Zersetzung bei Temperaturen von 80 bis 400 °C in einer Vakuumkammer unter einem Druck. von 10 -2 bis 10 -5 Torr auf die zu hydrophobierende Oberfläche aufdampft, wobei der Abstand zwischen Verdampfungsgefäß und Oberfläche so gewählt wird, daß die mittlere freie Weglänge der Molekeule im Dampfraum nicht überschritten wird. "Process for hydrophobing flat structures" claims 1. Process for hydrophobizing flat structures by vapor deposition making them hydrophobic acting substances in a vacuum, characterized in that non-reactive water repellants are used without decomposition at temperatures of 80 to 400 ° C in a vacuum chamber under one Pressure. evaporates from 10 -2 to 10 -5 Torr onto the surface to be hydrophobized, wherein the distance between the evaporation vessel and the surface is chosen so that the mean free path of the molecular lobe in the vapor space is not exceeded. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Aufdampfen bei Temperaturen von 90 bis 200 °C erfolgt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the vapor deposition takes place at temperatures of 90 to 200 ° C. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 ud 2, dadurch aekennzeichnet, daß das Vakuum 10 3 bis 10 -5 Torr beträgt.3. The method according to claim 1 ud 2, characterized in that the Vacuum is 10 3 to 10 -5 torr. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Durchlaufverfahren mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 1 bis 100 m/Minute gearbeitet wird.4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that im Continuous process is worked at a speed of 1 to 100 m / minute. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis £1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand zwischen Verdampfungsgefäß und Materialbahn 50 bis 300 Millimeter beträgt.5. The method according to claim 1 to £ 1, characterized in that the The distance between the evaporation vessel and the material web is 50 to 300 millimeters. 6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine thermische Nachbehandlung des bedampften Materials erfolgt, wobei die Temperatur etwa dem Erweichungspunkt des Hydrophobiermittels entspricht.6. The method according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that a thermal post-treatment of the vapor-deposited material takes place, whereby the temperature corresponds approximately to the softening point of the water repellent.
DE19782802663 1978-01-21 1978-01-21 Hydrophobising surfaces by vaporising hydrophobic agent under vacuum - for textiles, plastics, wood, metals, leather, silicate(s), etc. Granted DE2802663A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19782802663 DE2802663A1 (en) 1978-01-21 1978-01-21 Hydrophobising surfaces by vaporising hydrophobic agent under vacuum - for textiles, plastics, wood, metals, leather, silicate(s), etc.

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19782802663 DE2802663A1 (en) 1978-01-21 1978-01-21 Hydrophobising surfaces by vaporising hydrophobic agent under vacuum - for textiles, plastics, wood, metals, leather, silicate(s), etc.

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DE2802663A1 true DE2802663A1 (en) 1979-07-26
DE2802663C2 DE2802663C2 (en) 1987-01-22

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017002005A1 (en) * 2015-06-29 2017-01-05 Stora Enso Oyj Method for hydrophobing a cellulose substrate
WO2020100101A1 (en) * 2018-11-16 2020-05-22 Stora Enso Oyj Method for hydrophobizing a cellulose substrate by utilizing a fatty acid halide

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
NICHTS-ERMITTELT *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017002005A1 (en) * 2015-06-29 2017-01-05 Stora Enso Oyj Method for hydrophobing a cellulose substrate
US10378153B2 (en) 2015-06-29 2019-08-13 Stora Enso Oyj Method for hydrophobing a cellulose substrate
RU2719990C2 (en) * 2015-06-29 2020-04-23 Стора Энсо Ойй Method for hydrophobisation of cellulose substrate
WO2020100101A1 (en) * 2018-11-16 2020-05-22 Stora Enso Oyj Method for hydrophobizing a cellulose substrate by utilizing a fatty acid halide

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2802663C2 (en) 1987-01-22

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