DE2639339A1 - EVAPORATOR ARRANGEMENT FOR HEAT PUMPS, PROTECTED AGAINST ICING, TO RECEIVE HEAT FROM THE AMBIENT AIR - Google Patents
EVAPORATOR ARRANGEMENT FOR HEAT PUMPS, PROTECTED AGAINST ICING, TO RECEIVE HEAT FROM THE AMBIENT AIRInfo
- Publication number
- DE2639339A1 DE2639339A1 DE19762639339 DE2639339A DE2639339A1 DE 2639339 A1 DE2639339 A1 DE 2639339A1 DE 19762639339 DE19762639339 DE 19762639339 DE 2639339 A DE2639339 A DE 2639339A DE 2639339 A1 DE2639339 A1 DE 2639339A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- ambient air
- evaporator
- evaporators
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
- F25B5/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in series
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3227—Cooling devices using compression characterised by the arrangement or the type of heat exchanger, e.g. condenser, evaporator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
- F25B29/003—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the compression type system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/006—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass for preventing frost
Description
DR-JOACHiM STEFFENSDR-JOACHiM STEFFENS
6032 LOCHHAM/MONCHEN MOZARTSTRASSE 24 TELEFON· (0811) 872551 TELEXi (05) 29830 staff d TELEORAMMEi ELASTOPAT6032 LOCHHAM / MONCHEN MOZARTSTRASSE 24 TELEPHONE (0811) 872551 TELEXi (05) 29830 staff d TELEORAMMEi ELASTOPAT
30. August 1976August 30, 1976
MEIN ZEICHENi MH-3 IHR ZEICHENiMY CHARACTER i MH-3 YOUR CHARACTER i
Motorheizung GmbH BÖdekerstr. 73, 3 HannoverMotorheiz GmbH BÖdekerstr. 73, 3 Hanover
Vor Vereisung gesicherte Verdampferanordnung für Wärmepumpen zur Aufnahme von Wärme aus der UmgebungsluftEvaporator arrangement for heat pumps secured against icing up to absorb heat from the ambient air
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine vor Vereisung gesicherte Verdampferanordnung, insbesondere in enger Bauart, für Wärmepumpen zur Aufnahme von Wärme aus der Umgebungsluft. The present invention relates to an evaporator arrangement secured against icing, in particular in a narrow design, for heat pumps to absorb heat from the ambient air.
Es ist bekannt, daß sich Wärmepumpen für Heizzwecke dadurch auszeichnen, daß sie mittels ihrer Verdampfer ihrer Umgebung Wärme entziehen und diese in Form von Heizenergie wieder freigeben. Die Umgebungswärme wird dabei praktisch mit Hilfe eines Arbeitsmittels (z.B. Frigene, wie Difluordichlormethan = CF2Cl2 «* Handelsbezeichnung F 12) von einem niedrigeren Temperaturniveau auf ein höheres Temperaturniveau gleichsam hinaufgepumpt und dann erst über einen Wärmeaustauscher an das Heizungssystem abgegeben. Wärmepumpen haben somit den Vorteil, daß man mit ihnen mehr Heizenergie gewinnen kann als man zum Antrieb der Wärme-It is known that heat pumps for heating purposes are characterized in that they extract heat from their surroundings by means of their evaporators and release it again in the form of heating energy. The ambient heat is practically pumped up from a lower temperature level to a higher temperature level with the help of a working medium (e.g. Frigene, such as difluorodichloromethane = CF 2 Cl 2 «* trade name F 12) and only then released to the heating system via a heat exchanger. Heat pumps therefore have the advantage that you can gain more heating energy with them than you can drive the heat
809810/0168809810/0168
pumpen benötigt, da sie mittels ihrer Verdampfer zusätzlich Energie aus der Umgebungswärme aufnehmen. Derartige Wärmepumpen werden beispielsweise mit Elektromotoren angetrieben und ergeben im Verhältnis zur eingespeisten elektrischen Energie einen sehr guten Energienutzungsgrad. Allerdings hängt die Wirtschaftlichkeit solcher elektrisch betriebener Wärmepumpen vom Strompreis, d.h. der eingesetzten Primärenergie, ab. Dort, wo die Primärenergie beispielsweise Heizöl ist, ergibt der Umweg über die elektrische Energie einen relativ schlechten Energienutzungsgrad. In solchen Fällen ist es besser, man treibt die Wärmepumpen direkt mit einem Dieselmotor an.pumps because they also absorb energy from the ambient heat by means of their evaporators. Such heat pumps are driven for example with electric motors and result in relation to the fed-in electric Energy has a very good energy efficiency. However, the economics of such electrically operated depends Heat pumps from the electricity price, i.e. the primary energy used, away. Where the primary energy is heating oil, for example, the detour via electrical energy results in one relatively poor energy efficiency. In such cases it is better to drive the heat pumps directly with one Diesel engine on.
Bei Wärmepumpen, die zur Beheizung von Räumen dienen und bei denen die Verdampfer sich die zusätzliche Energie aus der Umgebungsluft holen, stehen die Verdampfer üblicherweise direkt mit der Außenluft in Verbindung. Da die Beheizung von Räumen insbesondere dann erfolgt, wenn es "draußen" kalt ist, beispielsweise bei Außentemperaturen von -5 bis +5°»besteht für den Verdampfer, bedingt durch die auch noch bei diesen Temperaturen vorhandene Luftfeuchtigkeit, die Gefahr des Vereisens, wodurch der Wärmeübergang sehr stark herabgesetzt wird. Dies gilt insbesondere für kompakte Verdampfer, d.h. Verdampfer in enger Bauart, die aus Gründen der Platzersparnis eine lamellenartige Konstruktion nach Art der Autokühler mit Zwangsbelüftung aufweisen. Bei diesen Verdampfern wird sogar durch die Vereisung der Luftdurchsatz und damit die Aufnahme von Wärme aus der Umgebungsluft unterbunden, wodurch der Energienutzungsgrad der Wärmepumpe soweit absinkt, daß die Heizung nahezu unwirksam wird.In the case of heat pumps that are used to heat rooms and where the evaporator draws the additional energy from the Fetching ambient air, the evaporators are usually in direct contact with the outside air. As the heating of rooms takes place especially when it is cold "outside", for example at outside temperatures of -5 to + 5 ° »exists for the evaporator, due to the humidity that is still present at these temperatures, the risk of freezing, which greatly reduces the heat transfer. This is especially true for compact ones Evaporator, i.e. evaporator in a narrow design, which has a lamellar construction to save space like the car cooler with forced ventilation. With these evaporators, the air throughput is even reduced by icing and thus the absorption of heat from the ambient air is prevented, thereby reducing the energy efficiency of the The heat pump drops so far that the heating is almost ineffective.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Anordnung zu schaffen, mit der es möglich ist, einem Verdampfer einer Wärmepumpe, insbesondere einem solchen in Kompaktbauweise, aus relativ kalter Luft Wärme zuzuführen, ohne daß dabei der Verdampfer vereist.The object of the invention is therefore to provide an arrangement with which it is possible to an evaporator a Heat pump, especially one with a compact design, to supply heat from relatively cold air without doing so the evaporator is icing up.
,809810/0168, 809810/0168
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe dadurch, daß in einem geschlossenen Luftkanal, durch den die Umgebungsluft selbständig oder mittels Zwangsbelüftung geführt wird, mindestens zwei Verdampfer hinereinander angeordnet sind, wobei in der ersten Stufe die Verdampfung des Arbeitsmittels in dem Verdampfer bzw. den Verdampfern, die mit der Außenluft zuerst in Berührung kommen, so geregelt ist, daß die Wärmeaustauschflächen dieser Verdampfer so kalt sind, daß an diesen Flächen zwar eine Kondensation des in der Umgebungsluft befindlichen Wasserdampfes stattfindet, nicht aber ein Gefrieren des durch die Kondensation gebildeten und dann abgeleiteten Wassers, und in der zweiten Stufe die Verdampfung des Arbeitsmittels in den nachgeschalteten Verdampfern, die dann mit der relativ trockenen Luft in Berührung kommen, so erfolgt, wie es der übliche Betrieb der Wärmepumpe erfordert.This object is achieved in that in a closed air duct through which the ambient air independently or is performed by means of forced ventilation, at least two evaporators are arranged one behind the other, in the first Stage the evaporation of the working medium in the evaporator or evaporators that come into contact with the outside air first come, is regulated so that the heat exchange surfaces of these evaporators are so cold that on these surfaces condensation of the water vapor in the ambient air takes place, but not freezing of the water formed by the condensation and then discharged, and in the second stage the evaporation of the Working medium in the downstream evaporators, which then come into contact with the relatively dry air, takes place, as the normal operation of the heat pump requires.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist somit eine vor Vereisung gesicherte Verdampferanordnung für Wärmepumpen zur Aufnahme von Wärme aus der Umgebungsluft, die sich durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs angeführten Merkmale auszeichnet.The subject of the invention is thus an evaporator arrangement for receiving heat pumps which is secured against icing of heat from the ambient air, which is characterized by the features listed in the characterizing part of the claim excels.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird somit die Außenluft zunächst in einer ersten Stufe relativ trocken gemacht, bevor sie in einer zweiten Stufe so stark abgekühlt wird wie es der Heizbetrieb zur Aufnahme einer ausreichenden Wärmeleistung des Arbeitsmittels erfordert. Die Trocknung in der ersten Stufe erfolgt durch Abkühlung des Verdampfers auf Temperaturen größer als 0° C oder nur soweit darunter, daß sich an den Wärmetauscherflächen des Verdampfers der ersten Stufe nur tropfbares Wasser bilden kann, das entweder abgeleitet wird oder aber auch für den Heizprozess verwendet werden kann.According to the invention, the outside air is thus first made relatively dry in a first stage, before it is in a second stage is cooled down as much as the heating mode to take up sufficient heat output of the work equipment required. The drying in the first stage takes place by cooling the evaporator to temperatures greater than 0 ° C or only so far below that on the heat exchanger surfaces of the evaporator the first Stage can only form dripping water, which is either diverted or used for the heating process can be.
809810/0168809810/0168
Die Regelung der Temperatur des Verdampfers der ersten Stufe geschieht durch Regelung eines ersten Drosselventils in der Arbeitsmittelleitung in Abhängigkeit vom Naßdampfdruck des Arbeitsmittels der ersten Stufe oder aber in Abhängigkeit der Temperatur derselben. Es wird also entweder auf konstanten Naßdampfdruck, oder was ganz ähnliche Wirkung hat, auf konstante Temperatur durch Betätigung des Drosselventils geregelt. Hierauf erfolgt die zweite Drosselung mittels des zweiten Drosselventils, die eine weitere Druckentspannung auf solche Werte bringt, wie sie die notwendige Heizleistung erfordert.The temperature of the evaporator of the first stage is regulated by regulating a first throttle valve in the working medium line as a function of the wet steam pressure of the working medium of the first stage or as a function the temperature of the same. So it is either at constant wet steam pressure, or something quite similar effect has been regulated to a constant temperature by operating the throttle valve. The second throttling then takes place by means of the second throttle valve, which brings a further pressure release to such values as it is necessary Requires heating power.
Das lediglich bei dem Verdampfer der ersten Stufe anfallende tropfbare Wasser kann 79,8 kcal Heizenergie abgeben, wenn man es in einer nachgeschalteten "kleinen Eisfabrik" einfrieren läßt. Zu diesem Zweck wird das Tropfwasser mittels einer volumenschlüssigen (nicht kraftschlüssigen) Wasserpumpe Gefrierkanälen oder Gefrierspalten zugeleitet, aus denen es als leicht zerbrechliches Eis austritt. Dieses Eis kann ohne weiteres einer nützlichen Verwendung zugeführt werden oder aus den Kanälen oder Spalten ausgeschwemmt werden.The dripping water that only occurs in the evaporator of the first stage can give off 79.8 kcal of heating energy, if it is allowed to freeze in a downstream "small ice cream factory". For this purpose, the dripping water is by means of a volumetric (non-frictional) water pump is fed to freezing channels or freezing crevices which it emerges as fragile ice. This ice can easily be put to useful use or be washed out of the channels or crevices.
Zur weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung wird auf die beigefügte, aus sich selbst heraus verständliche Figur verwiesen, wobei bemerkt wird, daß sich die Erfindung nicht auf diese spezielle Ausführungsform beschränkt. Die Figur zeigt in schematischer Darstellung einen Wärmepumpenkreislauf mit der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung der Verdampfer 2,3 in dem geschlossenen Luftkanal 1. Die Auffangwanne für das Kondenswasser ist mit 4 und die Abflußvorrichtung für das Kondenswasser mit 5 bezeichnet.To further explain the invention, reference is made to the enclosed figure, which is self-explanatory, it should be noted that the invention is not limited to this particular embodiment. The figure shows a schematic representation of a heat pump circuit with the arrangement of the evaporators 2, 3 according to the invention in the closed air duct 1. The collecting tray for the Condensation water is denoted by 4 and the drainage device for the condensed water is denoted by 5.
809810/0168809810/0168
LeerseiteBlank page
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19762639339 DE2639339A1 (en) | 1976-09-01 | 1976-09-01 | EVAPORATOR ARRANGEMENT FOR HEAT PUMPS, PROTECTED AGAINST ICING, TO RECEIVE HEAT FROM THE AMBIENT AIR |
LU78045A LU78045A1 (en) | 1976-09-01 | 1977-08-30 | |
FR7726577A FR2363770A1 (en) | 1976-09-01 | 1977-09-01 | Heat pump for space heating of buildings - has expansion valves upstream of and between stages of two stage evaporator inside air duct |
BE180632A BE858345A (en) | 1976-09-01 | 1977-09-01 | EVAPORATOR SYSTEM PROTECTED AGAINST FROST AND INTENDED FOR HEAT PUMPS TO ABSORB HEAT FROM THE ROOM AIR |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19762639339 DE2639339A1 (en) | 1976-09-01 | 1976-09-01 | EVAPORATOR ARRANGEMENT FOR HEAT PUMPS, PROTECTED AGAINST ICING, TO RECEIVE HEAT FROM THE AMBIENT AIR |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2639339A1 true DE2639339A1 (en) | 1978-03-09 |
Family
ID=5986901
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19762639339 Pending DE2639339A1 (en) | 1976-09-01 | 1976-09-01 | EVAPORATOR ARRANGEMENT FOR HEAT PUMPS, PROTECTED AGAINST ICING, TO RECEIVE HEAT FROM THE AMBIENT AIR |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE858345A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2639339A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2363770A1 (en) |
LU (1) | LU78045A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2555131A1 (en) * | 1983-11-18 | 1985-05-24 | Teledyne Ind | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR AIRCRAFT AIR CONDITIONING IN PARKING |
DE3434950A1 (en) * | 1984-09-22 | 1986-04-03 | Heinrich Dipl.-Ing. 4902 Bad Salzuflen Kesselmeyer | System for improving the efficiency of a heat-pump evaporator with simplified ice thawing |
WO1991011668A1 (en) * | 1990-01-25 | 1991-08-08 | Hoelter Heinz | Refrigerator with a pressure-relief valve adapted to the refrigerant |
WO1996010156A3 (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1996-06-13 | Ewald Gossler | Method and device for cooling gases |
EP2119985A3 (en) * | 2006-07-05 | 2010-02-03 | Markus Kroll | Tempering unit on a heat pump basis |
WO2017009003A1 (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2017-01-19 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Air-conditioning device for a motor vehicle and method for operating said air-conditioning system |
DE102021204434A1 (en) | 2021-05-03 | 2022-11-03 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Evaporator device for a compression refrigeration cycle system, compression refrigeration cycle system and method for operating such a compression refrigeration cycle system |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2474666A1 (en) * | 1980-01-24 | 1981-07-31 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING HEAT USING A HEAT PUMP USING A MIXTURE OF FLUIDS AS A WORKING AGENT AND AIR AS A SOURCE OF HEAT |
GB0125424D0 (en) | 2001-10-23 | 2001-12-12 | Acer Snowmec Ltd | Snow making |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2146796A (en) * | 1934-05-25 | 1939-02-14 | Gen Motors Corp | Refrigerating apparatus |
CH182173A (en) * | 1935-06-11 | 1936-01-31 | Sulzer Ag | Heat exchange device for cooling, dehumidifying, respectively. Warming air or other gases. |
US2488161A (en) * | 1945-08-30 | 1949-11-15 | Avco Mfg Corp | Automatic control means for refrigerating systems |
FR1035197A (en) * | 1951-04-07 | 1953-08-18 | Ateliers Et Chantiers Loire Sa | Improvement in air drying |
US2758446A (en) * | 1953-01-05 | 1956-08-14 | Gen Electric | Two control two-temperature refrigerating system |
FR1566236A (en) * | 1968-01-10 | 1969-05-09 |
-
1976
- 1976-09-01 DE DE19762639339 patent/DE2639339A1/en active Pending
-
1977
- 1977-08-30 LU LU78045A patent/LU78045A1/xx unknown
- 1977-09-01 BE BE180632A patent/BE858345A/en unknown
- 1977-09-01 FR FR7726577A patent/FR2363770A1/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2555131A1 (en) * | 1983-11-18 | 1985-05-24 | Teledyne Ind | APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR AIRCRAFT AIR CONDITIONING IN PARKING |
DE3434950A1 (en) * | 1984-09-22 | 1986-04-03 | Heinrich Dipl.-Ing. 4902 Bad Salzuflen Kesselmeyer | System for improving the efficiency of a heat-pump evaporator with simplified ice thawing |
WO1991011668A1 (en) * | 1990-01-25 | 1991-08-08 | Hoelter Heinz | Refrigerator with a pressure-relief valve adapted to the refrigerant |
WO1996010156A3 (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1996-06-13 | Ewald Gossler | Method and device for cooling gases |
US5865033A (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1999-02-02 | Gossler; Ewald | Method and device for cooling gases |
EP2119985A3 (en) * | 2006-07-05 | 2010-02-03 | Markus Kroll | Tempering unit on a heat pump basis |
WO2017009003A1 (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2017-01-19 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Air-conditioning device for a motor vehicle and method for operating said air-conditioning system |
DE102021204434A1 (en) | 2021-05-03 | 2022-11-03 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Evaporator device for a compression refrigeration cycle system, compression refrigeration cycle system and method for operating such a compression refrigeration cycle system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2363770A1 (en) | 1978-03-31 |
LU78045A1 (en) | 1978-01-11 |
BE858345A (en) | 1978-01-02 |
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