DE2613397A1 - High voltage generator for electrostatic powder charge systems - uses Wien-Robinson type oscillator coupled to low voltage transformer winding - Google Patents

High voltage generator for electrostatic powder charge systems - uses Wien-Robinson type oscillator coupled to low voltage transformer winding

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Publication number
DE2613397A1
DE2613397A1 DE19762613397 DE2613397A DE2613397A1 DE 2613397 A1 DE2613397 A1 DE 2613397A1 DE 19762613397 DE19762613397 DE 19762613397 DE 2613397 A DE2613397 A DE 2613397A DE 2613397 A1 DE2613397 A1 DE 2613397A1
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Germany
Prior art keywords
oscillator
high voltage
voltage generator
low voltage
collector
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE19762613397
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German (de)
Inventor
Hans Giesinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gema AG
Original Assignee
Gema AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gema AG filed Critical Gema AG
Publication of DE2613397A1 publication Critical patent/DE2613397A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5383—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a self-oscillating arrangement
    • H02M7/53846—Control circuits
    • H02M7/53862—Control circuits using transistor type converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/08—Plant for applying liquids or other fluent materials to objects
    • B05B5/10—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5383—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a self-oscillating arrangement
    • H02M7/53846—Control circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
    • H03B5/20—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising resistance and either capacitance or inductance, e.g. phase-shift oscillator
    • H03B5/26—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising resistance and either capacitance or inductance, e.g. phase-shift oscillator frequency-determining element being part of bridge circuit in closed ring around which signal is transmitted; frequency-determining element being connected via a bridge circuit to such a closed ring, e.g. Wien-Bridge oscillator, parallel-T oscillator

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The high voltage generator, suitable for use with electrostatic powder charge systems, uses an RC oscillator of the Wien-Robinson type coupled to the low voltage winding of a transformer. The oscillator is coupled in such a way that the frequency is dependent upon the low voltage transformer winding to provide matching with the output load impedance. The oscillator (R2C2) is coupled to a power transistor stage (T) consisting of a transistor (T2) and a drive transistor (T3). The drive transistor base is coupled over a parallel RC circuit (R4C3) with a series resistor (R3) to the positive pole of the d.c. supply. The oscillator feedback loop consists of an RC circuit (R1C1) between the power stage collector and the low voltage winding.

Description

Hochspannungsgenerator Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hochspannungsgenerator mit einem die Niederspannungswicklung eines Transformators speisenden Oszillator.High-voltage generator The invention relates to a high-voltage generator with an oscillator feeding the low-voltage winding of a transformer.

Damit solche Hochspannungsgeneratoren einen annehmbaren Wirkungsgrad aufweisen, ist es erforderlich, dass der Oszillator zusammen mit der eine Iduktivität darstellenden Niederspannungswicklung in Resonanz arbeitet, wobei in der Regel tonfrequente Resonanzfrequenzen gewählt werden. Dies einerseits, um für den Oszillator möglichst kleine Bauteile zu erzielen und andererseits um übermässige Verluste im Transformator zu vermeiden.So that such high-voltage generators have an acceptable level of efficiency have, it is necessary that the oscillator together with the one inductivity performing low-voltage winding works in resonance, wherein in usually audio-frequency resonance frequencies are selected. This on the one hand in order for the oscillator to achieve the smallest possible components and on the other hand to excessive To avoid losses in the transformer.

Dennoch sind bei Verwendung LC-Oszillatoren die Bauteile vergleichsweise gross, so dass mit solchen LC-Oszillatoren ausgerüstete Hochspannungsgeneratoren kaum auf ein geringes Bauvolumen komprimiert werden können.Nevertheless, when using LC oscillators, the components are comparative large, so that high-voltage generators equipped with such LC oscillators can hardly be compressed to a small volume.

In Fällen, wo die Hochspannung nur in einem räumlich sehr beschränkten Ort erforderlich ist, lassen sich daher solche Hochspannungsgeneratoren in der Regel nicht in unmittelbarer Nähe dieses Ortes anordnen, sondern die Hochspannung muss mit entsprechend isolierten Leitungen diesem Ort zugeführt werden Bezüglich Platzbedarf wesentlich bescheidener sind die RC-Oszillatoren, die aber bekanntlich fixfrequent oder zumindest in einem sehr engen Frequenzband resonant sind. Die als Last einem RC-Oszillator angeschaltete Niederspannungswicklung des Transformators, deren Impedanz aus fabrikationstechnischen Gründen weite Toleranzgrenzen aufweist, würde somit den RC-Oszillator verstimmen oder nach einer individuellen Abstimmung des RC-Oszillators rufen.In cases where the high voltage is very limited in space Where required, such high-voltage generators can therefore usually be used do not arrange in the immediate vicinity of this place, but the high voltage must be fed to this location with appropriately insulated lines Regarding space requirements The RC oscillators are much more modest, but they are known to have a fixed frequency or at least are resonant in a very narrow frequency band. As a burden to you RC oscillator connected low-voltage winding of the transformer, its impedance has wide tolerance limits for manufacturing reasons, would thus Detune the RC oscillator or after individual tuning of the RC oscillator call.

Die Erfindung bezweckt nun die Schaffung eines Hochspannungsgenerators der eingangs genannten Art, der sowohl dem Bestreben nach Miniaturisierung nachkommt als auch die Notwendigkeit einer individuellen Abstimmung des Oszillators weitgehend vermeidet. Zu diesem Zweck ist der vorgeschlagene Hochspannungsgenerator erfindungsgemäss dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Oszillator ein RC-Oszillator mit wenigstens einem Leistungstransistor ist, dessen Kollektor unter Zwischenschaltung der Niederspannungswicklung an den einen Pol einer Gleichspannungsquelle angeschlossen ist, wobei die Rückkopplungsschleife des RC-Oszillators zwischen dem genannten Kollektor und der Niederspannungswicklung angeschlossen ist.The invention now aims to create a high voltage generator of the type mentioned at the beginning, which meets both the desire for miniaturization as well as the need for individual tuning of the oscillator to a large extent avoids. For this purpose, the proposed high-voltage generator is according to the invention through this characterized in that the oscillator is an RC oscillator with at least one power transistor is whose collector with the interposition of the low-voltage winding to the one pole of a DC voltage source is connected, the feedback loop of the RC oscillator between said collector and the low voltage winding connected.

Die als Last wirkende Niederspannungswicklung ist somit in den Speisekreis des Leistungstransistors eingeschaltet und, da die Rückkopplungsschleife des Oszillators zwischen dem Kollektor des Leistungstransistors und der Niederspannungswicklung angeschlossen ist, hängt die Frequenz des Oszillators von der Impedanz der Niederspannungswicklung ab, so dass sich eine selbsttätige Anpassung des Oszillators an die Impedanz der Last ergibt.The low-voltage winding acting as a load is therefore in the supply circuit of the power transistor turned on and, as the feedback loop of the oscillator between the collector of the power transistor and the low voltage winding connected, the frequency of the oscillator depends on the impedance of the low voltage winding so that the oscillator automatically adjusts itself to the impedance of the Load results.

Zweckmässig ist als RC-Oszillator ein Wien-Robinson-Oszillator vorgesehen. In diesem Zusammenhang wird beispielsweise auf U. Tietze, Ch. Schenk: "Halbleiter-Schaltungstechnik" (Springer-Verlag Berlin, 1969) verwiesen, wo beispielsweise auf Seite 285 die RC-Oszillatoren im allgemeinen und auf den Seiten 286 bis 290 die Wien-Robinson-Oszillatoren im besonderen beschrieben sind.A Wien-Robinson oscillator is expediently provided as the RC oscillator. In this context, for example, U. Tietze, Ch. Schenk: "Semiconductor circuit technology" (Springer-Verlag Berlin, 1969), where for example on page 285 the RC oscillators in general and on pages 286 to 290 the Wien-Robinson oscillators in the special are described.

Obwohl der erfindungsgemässe Hochspannungsgenerator auf vielen Gebieten, wo Miniaturisierung und einfache Herstellbarkeit den Vorrang über einer genauen Einhaltung einer bestimmten Frequenz lage haben, seine Anwendung finden kann, wird erfindungsgemäss die Verwendung des vorgeschlagenen Hochspannungsgenerators in einer elektrostatischen Pulver-Beschichtungsanlage als Hochspannungsquelle zur Aufladung der Pulverteilchen vorgeschlagen.Although the high-voltage generator according to the invention in many areas, where miniaturization and ease of manufacture take precedence over an accurate one Compliance with a certain frequency can find its application according to the invention the use of the proposed high voltage generator in a electrostatic Powder coating system as a high voltage source proposed to charge the powder particles.

Der vorgeschlagene Hochspannungsgenerator kann nämlich so klein und dennoch so leistungsfähig gebaut werden, dass er ohne weiteres in das Innere einer Beschichtungspistole eingebaut werden kann, die somit nur an eine Niederspannungsquelle anzuschliessen ist.The proposed high voltage generator can be so small and Nevertheless, it can be built so powerfully that it can be easily inserted into the interior of a Coating gun can be installed, which is therefore only connected to a low voltage source is to be connected.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Erfindungsgegenstandes ist nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung beschrieben, in deren einzigen Figur ein Schaltschema dargestellt ist.An exemplary embodiment of the subject matter of the invention is shown below described with reference to the drawing, in the single figure of which a circuit diagram is shown is.

In diesem Schaltschema erkennt man einen Transformator Tr, dessen eine Wicklung Tr einerends mit dem positiven Pol (+) einer nicht näher dargestellten Gleichspannungsquelle und andernends mit dem Kollektor eines Leistungstransistors T2 einer Transistorstufe T verbunden ist.In this circuit diagram you can see a transformer Tr, whose a winding Tr at one end with the positive pole (+) of a not shown DC voltage source and at the other end with the collector of a power transistor T2 of a transistor stage T is connected.

Der Emitter des Leistungstransistors T2 liegt an Masse, wie auch der negative Pol (-) der Gleichspannungsquelle.The emitter of the power transistor T2 is connected to ground, as is the negative pole (-) of the DC voltage source.

Die Transistorstufe T weist auch einen Treibertransistor T3 auf, dessen Emitter mit der Basis und dessen Kollektor mit dem Kollektor des Leistungstransistors T2 verbunden ist. Die Basis des Treibertransistors T ist über eine 3 Parallelschaltung eines Widerstandes R4 mit einem Kondensator C3 und einen damit in Serie geschalteten Widerstand R3 an den positiven Pol (+) der Gleichspannungsquelle angeschlossen.The transistor stage T also has a driver transistor T3, whose Emitter with the base and its collector with the collector of the power transistor T2 is connected. The base of the driver transistor T is via a 3 parallel circuit a resistor R4 with a capacitor C3 and one connected in series with it Resistor R3 connected to the positive pole (+) of the DC voltage source.

Der Kollektor eines weiteren Transistors T1 ist mit dem Schaltpunkt zwischen R4 - C3 und R3 bzw. mit einem Schaltpunkt A verbunden. Der Emitter dieses Transistors T1 dagegen liegt an Masse, während die Basis über eine Diode nl an den Schaltpunkt zwischen der Serieschaltung eines Widerstandes R1 (der regelbar sein kann) mit einem Kondensator C1 und einer Parallelschaltung eines Widerstandes R2 und eines Kondensators C2 verbunden ist.The collector of another transistor T1 is connected to the switching point connected between R4 - C3 and R3 or with a switching point A. The emitter of this Transistor T1, on the other hand, is connected to ground, while the base has a diode nl to the switching point between the series connection of a resistor R1 (which can be regulated can be) with a capacitor C1 and a parallel connection of a resistor R2 and a capacitor C2 is connected.

Andernends ist die zuletzt genannte Parallelschaltung ebenfalls mit dem Schaltpunkt A verbunden. Hingegen ist das andere Ende der Serieschaltung R1 - C1 mit dem Kollektor des Leistungstransistors T2 und des Treibertransistors T3, d.h. mit einem Schaltpunkt B verbunden. Sie bildet somit die Rückkopplungsschleife für das RC-Glied R2 - C2 Es sei angenommen, der Transistor T1 befinde sich in leitendem Zustand. Der Schaltpunkt A liegt in diesem Moment über T1 praktisch an Masse. Da T2 in diesem Moment sperrt, erfolgt die Speisung des RC - Gliedes R2 C C2 von dem positiven Pol aus über die Last Tr und den Schaltpunkt B so lange, bis durch die Serieschaltung R1 - C1 kein Strom mehr fliesst. In diesem Moment sperrt T1, wodurch die Spannung am Schaltpunkt A über R3 ansteigt, was zur Folge hat, dass über T3 auch der Leistungstransistor T2 leitet. Nun fliesst durch die Niederspannungswicklung Tr Strom an Masse, wobei der Schaltpunkt B nun praktisch an Masse liegt.At the other end, the last-mentioned parallel connection is also included connected to switching point A. In contrast, the other end of the series circuit is R1 - C1 with the collector of the power transistor T2 and the driver transistor T3, i.e. connected to a switching point B. It thus forms the feedback loop for the RC element R2 - C2 It is assumed that the transistor T1 is conducting State. At this moment, switching point A is practically grounded via T1. There T2 blocks at this moment, the RC element R2 C C2 is fed by the positive pole off via the load Tr and the switching point B until through the Series connection R1 - C1 no more current flows. At this moment, T1 locks, which means the voltage at switching point A increases via R3, which means that via T3 the power transistor T2 also conducts. Now flows through the low voltage winding Tr current to ground, with switching point B now practically connected to ground.

Aus dem Gesagten ist ersichtlich, dass die Sperrzeit des Transistors T1 und mithin die Frequenz des dargestellten Oszillators auch von der Impedanz der Niederspannungswicklung Tr abhängt, so dass sich eine automatische Anpassung an diese Impedanz erzielen lässt. Dagegen wird die Schaltzeit des Leistungstransistors T2 durch das RC- Glied R4 - C3 bestimmt, das auch massgebend für die Wellenform des durch die Niederspannungswicklung Tr fliessenden Stromes ist.From what has been said it can be seen that the blocking time of the transistor T1 and therefore the frequency of the oscillator shown also depends on the impedance of the Low voltage winding Tr depends, so that an automatic adjustment to itself can achieve this impedance. In contrast, the switching time of the power transistor T2 through the RC Link R4 - C3 determines that is also decisive for is the waveform of the current flowing through the low voltage winding Tr.

Nachstehend sind rein beispielsweise die Werte einiger Schaltelemente angegeben, die für eine Betriebsspannung von etwa 12 Volt geeignet sind: R1: 2200 C1: 3000 pF, R2: 470 C2: 22000 pF, R3 470 C3: 1500 pF, und R4: 2700Below are the values of some switching elements purely by way of example which are suitable for an operating voltage of around 12 volts: R1: 2200 C1: 3000 pF, R2: 470 C2: 22000 pF, R3 470 C3: 1500 pF, and R4: 2700

Claims (6)

PATENTANSPRUECHE 1.1 Hochspannungsgenerator mit einem die Niederspannungswicklung eines Transformators speisenden Oszillator, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Oszillator ein'RC-Oszillator mit wenigstens einem Leistungstransistor ist, dessen Kollektor unter Zwischenschaltung der Niederspannungswicklung an den einen Pol einer Gleichspannungsquelle angeschlossen ist, wobei die Rückkopplungsschlife des RC-Oszillators zwischen dem genannten Kollektor und der Niederspannungswicklung angeschlossen ist. PATENT CLAIMS 1.1 High voltage generator with a low voltage winding a transformer feeding oscillator, characterized in that the oscillator is an'RC oscillator with at least one power transistor whose collector with the interposition of the low-voltage winding to one pole of a DC voltage source is connected, with the feedback loop of the RC oscillator between the called collector and the low voltage winding is connected. 2. Hochspannungsgenerator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als RC-Oszillator ein Wien-Robinson-Oszillator vorgesehen ist.2. High voltage generator according to claim 1, characterized in that that a Wien-Robinson oscillator is provided as the RC oscillator. 3. Hochspannungsgenerator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kollektor des Leistungstransistors an den Kollektor eines Treibertransistors angeschlossen ist, dessen Emitter mit der Basis des Leistungstransistors verbunden ist, dessen Emitter seinerseits mit dem negativen Pol der Gleichspannungsquelle verbunden ist.3. High voltage generator according to claim 1, characterized in that that the collector of the power transistor to the collector of a driver transistor is connected, the emitter of which is connected to the base of the power transistor whose emitter is in turn connected to the negative pole of the DC voltage source connected is. 4. Hochspannungsgenerator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Leistungstransistor ein NPN-Transistor ist, dessen Kollektor unter Zwischenschaltung der Niederspannungswicklung an den positiven Pol der Gleichspannungsquelle angeschlossen ist.4. High-voltage generator according to claim 1, characterized in that that the power transistor is an NPN transistor, the collector of which is interposed the low-voltage winding is connected to the positive pole of the DC voltage source is. 5. Hochspannungsgenerator nach den Ansprüchen 2 bis 4.5. High voltage generator according to claims 2 to 4. 6. Verwendung des Hochspannungsgenerators nach Anspruch 1 in einer elektrostatischen Pulverbeschichtungsanlage aus Hochspannungsquelle zum Aufladen der Pulverteilchen.6. Use of the high voltage generator according to claim 1 in one electrostatic powder coating machine from high voltage source for charging the powder particles.
DE19762613397 1975-04-09 1976-03-29 High voltage generator for electrostatic powder charge systems - uses Wien-Robinson type oscillator coupled to low voltage transformer winding Ceased DE2613397A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH448975A CH583476A5 (en) 1975-04-09 1975-04-09

Publications (1)

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DE2613397A1 true DE2613397A1 (en) 1976-10-21

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DE19762613397 Ceased DE2613397A1 (en) 1975-04-09 1976-03-29 High voltage generator for electrostatic powder charge systems - uses Wien-Robinson type oscillator coupled to low voltage transformer winding

Country Status (3)

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JP (1) JPS51136138A (en)
CH (1) CH583476A5 (en)
DE (1) DE2613397A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0589202A3 (en) * 1992-09-24 1994-11-30 Wagner Int Pistol for electrostatic powder coating and method for generating a high voltage.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0589202A3 (en) * 1992-09-24 1994-11-30 Wagner Int Pistol for electrostatic powder coating and method for generating a high voltage.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS51136138A (en) 1976-11-25
CH583476A5 (en) 1976-12-31

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