DE2454480B1 - IR search and tracking device - Google Patents
IR search and tracking deviceInfo
- Publication number
- DE2454480B1 DE2454480B1 DE19742454480 DE2454480A DE2454480B1 DE 2454480 B1 DE2454480 B1 DE 2454480B1 DE 19742454480 DE19742454480 DE 19742454480 DE 2454480 A DE2454480 A DE 2454480A DE 2454480 B1 DE2454480 B1 DE 2454480B1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- longitudinal axis
- input lens
- detector
- recording head
- image
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G7/00—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles
- F41G7/20—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles based on continuous observation of target position
- F41G7/22—Homing guidance systems
- F41G7/2253—Passive homing systems, i.e. comprising a receiver and do not requiring an active illumination of the target
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G7/00—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles
- F41G7/20—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles based on continuous observation of target position
- F41G7/22—Homing guidance systems
- F41G7/2213—Homing guidance systems maintaining the axis of an orientable seeking head pointed at the target, e.g. target seeking gyro
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G7/00—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles
- F41G7/20—Direction control systems for self-propelled missiles based on continuous observation of target position
- F41G7/22—Homing guidance systems
- F41G7/2273—Homing guidance systems characterised by the type of waves
- F41G7/2293—Homing guidance systems characterised by the type of waves using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/78—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S3/782—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
- G01S3/785—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system
- G01S3/786—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system the desired condition being maintained automatically
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/64—Imaging systems using optical elements for stabilisation of the lateral and angular position of the image
- G02B27/644—Imaging systems using optical elements for stabilisation of the lateral and angular position of the image compensating for large deviations, e.g. maintaining a fixed line of sight while a vehicle on which the system is mounted changes course
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
- Mechanical Optical Scanning Systems (AREA)
Description
Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung sehen vor, daß der Detektor bzw. die Detektorreihe mit einem Kühler nach Vuillemier ausgestattet ist. Ein solcher Kühler besitzt ein geschlossenes Kühlsystem, das sich durch seine kompakte Bauweise bei gieichzeitig geringem Eigengewicht auszeichnet. Zweckmäßig ist es ferner, wenn das Gehäuse im Bereich des Eingangsobjektivs von einem sphärisch ausgebildeten Radom aus gesintertem CdTe abgedeckt ist. Dieses nicht hygroskopische Material besitzt hervorragende thermische Eigenschaften: Es ver- trägt aerodynamische Aufheizungen, und seine Absorption steigt bis zu Temperaturen um 200"C nur unwesentlich an. Further features of the invention provide that the detector or the Detector series is equipped with a Vuillemier cooler. Such a cooler has a closed cooling system, which is due to its compact design at the same time characterized by a low dead weight. It is also useful if that Housing in the area of the input lens of a spherical radome is covered from sintered CdTe. This non-hygroscopic material possesses excellent thermal properties: it carries aerodynamic Heating up, and its absorption increases only insignificantly up to temperatures around 200 "C at.
Im folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung an Hand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert, wobei die in den beiden dargestellten Figuren einander entsprechenden Teile dieselben Bezugszahlen aufweisen. In the following an embodiment of the invention is based on a Drawing explained in more detail, the two figures shown are mutually exclusive corresponding parts have the same reference numerals.
Es zeigt F i g. 1 eine Seitenansicht auf den die Erfindung enthaltenden Teil des Gerätes - zum Teil im Schnitt dargestellt und F i g. 2 die Draufsicht auf ein Gerät gemäß F i g. 1, aus dessen Gehäusewand ein Stück herausgebrochen wurde.It shows F i g. Figure 1 is a side view of that incorporating the invention Part of the device - shown partly in section and FIG. 2 the top view of a device according to FIG. 1, a piece of which was broken out of the housing wall.
Die von dem zeichnerisch nicht dargestellten Flugobjekt abgestrahlte Wärmeenergie gelangt in Pfeilrichtung 24 und in der dem Energieverlust entsprechenden Reihenfolge über das beispielsweise sphärisch ausgebildete Radom 18, das Eingangsobjektiv 1, das Bildaufrichteprisma 2, den Kippspiegel 3, einen aus mehreren optischen Gliedern bestehenden geknickten Strahlengang 4 auf den mit einem Kühler 17 - beispielsweise einem Vuillenmier-Kühler - ausgestatteten Detektor 5. Als Materialien für das Radom kommen im wesentlichen CdTe, Ge oder GaAs und für die Optiken des geknickten Strahlenganges Germanium, Cadmiumtellurid, Irtan 6, Cäsiumjodid oder auch Thalliumbromid in Frage. The radiated from the flying object, not shown in the drawing Thermal energy arrives in the direction of arrow 24 and in the direction corresponding to the energy loss Sequence via the radome 18, which is, for example, spherical, the input lens 1, the image erecting prism 2, the tilting mirror 3, one of several optical members existing kinked beam path 4 on the one with a cooler 17 - for example a Vuillenmier cooler-equipped detector 5. As materials for the radome mainly CdTe, Ge or GaAs and for the optics of the kinked beam path Germanium, cadmium telluride, irtane 6, cesium iodide or thallium bromide are possible.
Durch ein Rotieren des in den Punkten 6 und 7 gelagerten Aufnahmekopfes 21 um die Längsachse 22 wird der Suchbereich, in dem ein Flugobjekt vermutet wird, kreisförmig abgetastet. Der Aufnahmekopf 21 trägt das Eingangsobjektiv 1, das Bildaufrichteprisma 2, den Kippspiegel 3, den geknickten Strahlengang 4 und das Radom 18 und wird von dem Motor 8 angetrieben. By rotating the pick-up head mounted in points 6 and 7 21 around the longitudinal axis 22, the search area in which a flight object is suspected is scanned circularly. The recording head 21 carries the input lens 1, the image erecting prism 2, the tilting mirror 3, the bent beam path 4 and the radome 18 and is of the motor 8 driven.
Außerdem kann das Bildaufrichteprisma 2 für sich zusätzlich noch mit einer im Verhältnis zum Aufnahmekopf 21 abgeänderten Frequenz rotieren; im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel rotiert es mit halber Frequenz, z. B. mit 5 Hz, so daß der Aufnahmekopf in diesem Fall mit 10 Hz rotieren wird. Die zusätzliche Drehbewegung des Bildaufrichteprismas 2 wird durch den gleichfalls in der Längsachse 22 angeordneten Motor 9 bewirkt und dient im Trackerbetrieb der Bildfeldabtastung.In addition, the image erecting prism 2 can also be used for itself rotate at a frequency changed in relation to the pick-up head 21; in the present Embodiment it rotates at half the frequency, for. B. at 5 Hz, so that the recording head in this case will rotate at 10 Hz. The additional rotation of the erecting prism 2 is driven by the motor 9, which is also arranged in the longitudinal axis 22 causes and serves to scan the image field in tracker mode.
Durch eine weitere - vom Eingangsobjektiv 1, dem Bildaufrichteprisma 2 und dem Kippspiegel 3 gleichzeitig ausgeführte - den vorbeschriebenen Rotationsbewegungen überlagerte Kippbewegung um eine in zur Längsachse 22 senkrechter Ebene angeordnete Kippachse 19 entsteht eine spiralförmige Bewegung. Die Kippbewegung kann je nach Betriebsfall 0,25 bis 1 Hz betragen und wird von dem auf der Achse 19 befestigten Motor 10 erzeugt. Hierbei darf der Kippspiegel 3 lediglich um den halben Winkel der diese Kippbewegung mitmachenden übrigen Elemente verdreht werden, was durch ein zwischen Eingangsobjektiv 1 und Kippspiegel 3 geschaltetes Getriebe 11 erreicht wird. Another - from the input lens 1, the image erecting prism 2 and the tilting mirror 3 executed simultaneously - the rotational movements described above superimposed tilting movement about a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 22 Tilt axis 19 creates a spiral movement. The tilting movement can vary depending on Operational case be 0.25 to 1 Hz and is attached to the one on the axis 19 Engine 10 generated. Here, the tilting mirror 3 may only be half the angle the remaining elements participating in this tilting movement are twisted, which is caused by a gear 11 connected between the input lens 1 and tilting mirror 3 is achieved will.
Für die Regelschleife ist auf der Kippachse 19 ein Tachogenerator 12 vorgesehen. Auf der Längsachse 22 dagegen ist für die Zielkoordinatenauswertung bei Rotationsbewegung sowie für die Polarabtastung bei Trackerbetrieb je ein Winkelgeber 13 bzw. 15 angeordnet, während ein entsprechender Winkelgeber 14 für die Kippbewegung auf der Kippachse 19 befestigt ist. A tachometer generator is on the tilting axis 19 for the control loop 12 provided. On the other hand, on the longitudinal axis 22 is for the target coordinate evaluation one angle encoder each for rotational movement and for polar scanning in tracker operation 13 or 15 arranged, while a corresponding angle encoder 14 for the tilting movement is attached to the tilt axis 19.
Außerdem ist auf der Längsachse 22 noch ein die Spannungsversorgung für die Antriebs- und Referenzsignale der rotierenden Teile überragender Schleifringsatz 16 angeordnet.In addition, the power supply is on the longitudinal axis 22 Outstanding slip ring set for the drive and reference signals of the rotating parts 16 arranged.
Beim Umschalten von Such- auf Trackerbetrieb dient der Rotations- und Kippmechanismus lediglich dem Nachführen des momentanen Bildfeldes. Deshalb wird die automatische Rotations- und Kippbewegung unterbrochen; die Antriebe hängen für diesen Fall in der Servoschleife des Nachführsystems. Zur Abtastung des kleineren Trackerbildfeldes braucht auch das Bildaufrichteprisma 2 lediglich noch mit einer weniger als 25 Hz betragenden Frequenz zu rotieren. Mit dieser Bewegung wird das Bildfeld über den Detektorstreifen gedreht. When switching from search to tracker mode, the rotation and tilt mechanism only tracking the current image field. That's why the automatic rotation and tilting movement is interrupted; the drives hang in this case in the servo loop of the tracking system. For scanning the smaller one The image erecting prism 2 also needs only one tracker image field to rotate at a frequency of less than 25 Hz. With this movement that becomes Image field rotated over the detector strip.
Eine im Gehäuse 20 ebenfalls noch vorgesehene, jedoch nicht näher dargestellte, weil bekannte Elektronik, enthält Multiplexer sowie die für Verstärkung, Punktflächentrennung u. dgl. mehr erforderlichen elektronischen Bauelemente. One that is also still provided in the housing 20, but not in detail The electronics shown, because they are known, contain multiplexers as well as those for amplification, Point area separation and the like. More electronic components required.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19742454480 DE2454480C2 (en) | 1974-11-16 | 1974-11-16 | IR search and tracking device |
SE7512174A SE410232B (en) | 1974-11-16 | 1975-10-30 | IR SEARCH AND FOLLOWING DEVICE |
IT6976575A IT1055668B (en) | 1974-11-16 | 1975-11-10 | Infra-red searching and tracking device - is for surveillance of solid angle of several steradians using radiated by flying object |
NO753830A NO140392C (en) | 1974-11-16 | 1975-11-14 | IR SEARCH AND FOLLOWING APPARATUS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19742454480 DE2454480C2 (en) | 1974-11-16 | 1974-11-16 | IR search and tracking device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2454480B1 true DE2454480B1 (en) | 1975-12-11 |
DE2454480C2 DE2454480C2 (en) | 1981-11-12 |
Family
ID=5931062
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19742454480 Expired DE2454480C2 (en) | 1974-11-16 | 1974-11-16 | IR search and tracking device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE2454480C2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2647646A1 (en) * | 1976-01-22 | 1977-07-28 | Gen Dynamics Corp | OPTICAL SCANNING DEVICE |
FR2472191A1 (en) * | 1979-12-21 | 1981-06-26 | Eltro Gmbh | Wide angle opto-electronic surveillance system - has oscillating scanning element driven via electromagnetic coil to reduce dead time |
FR2565698A1 (en) * | 1984-06-06 | 1985-12-13 | Thomson Csf | AIRBORNE SYSTEM FOR OPTOELECTRIC DETECTION, LOCATION AND OMNIDIRECTIONAL TARGET TRACKING |
DE4135260C1 (en) * | 1991-10-25 | 1993-02-25 | Bodenseewerk Geraetetechnik Gmbh, 7770 Ueberlingen, De | |
EP0640806A1 (en) * | 1993-08-23 | 1995-03-01 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Sensor window compliant mounting assembly |
EP0962740A1 (en) | 1998-06-04 | 1999-12-08 | LFK Lenkflugkörpersysteme GmbH | Target seeker head and method of target recognition and tracking by means of the target seeker head |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1112941A (en) * | 1965-01-02 | 1968-05-08 | Smiths Industries Ltd | Improvements in or relating to scanning apparatus |
DE1473939B1 (en) * | 1965-08-06 | 1972-07-27 | Menke Josef F | DEVICE FOR OPTICAL-MECHANICAL IMAGE FIELD SCANNING |
DE1547272C1 (en) * | 1966-11-25 | 1975-03-27 | Eltro Gmbh | Automatically working location or target tracking device |
DE1548421B2 (en) * | 1966-12-23 | 1971-01-28 | Eltro GmbH & Co Gesellschaft für Strahlungstechnik, 6900 Heidelberg: | Device for detecting electromagnetic radiation and determining its direction of incidence |
-
1974
- 1974-11-16 DE DE19742454480 patent/DE2454480C2/en not_active Expired
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2647646A1 (en) * | 1976-01-22 | 1977-07-28 | Gen Dynamics Corp | OPTICAL SCANNING DEVICE |
FR2472191A1 (en) * | 1979-12-21 | 1981-06-26 | Eltro Gmbh | Wide angle opto-electronic surveillance system - has oscillating scanning element driven via electromagnetic coil to reduce dead time |
FR2565698A1 (en) * | 1984-06-06 | 1985-12-13 | Thomson Csf | AIRBORNE SYSTEM FOR OPTOELECTRIC DETECTION, LOCATION AND OMNIDIRECTIONAL TARGET TRACKING |
DE4135260C1 (en) * | 1991-10-25 | 1993-02-25 | Bodenseewerk Geraetetechnik Gmbh, 7770 Ueberlingen, De | |
EP0538671A1 (en) * | 1991-10-25 | 1993-04-28 | Bodenseewerk Gerätetechnik GmbH | Seeker, mainly for missile guidance |
EP0640806A1 (en) * | 1993-08-23 | 1995-03-01 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Sensor window compliant mounting assembly |
EP0962740A1 (en) | 1998-06-04 | 1999-12-08 | LFK Lenkflugkörpersysteme GmbH | Target seeker head and method of target recognition and tracking by means of the target seeker head |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2454480C2 (en) | 1981-11-12 |
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Legal Events
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