DE244267C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE244267C DE244267C DENDAT244267D DE244267DA DE244267C DE 244267 C DE244267 C DE 244267C DE NDAT244267 D DENDAT244267 D DE NDAT244267D DE 244267D A DE244267D A DE 244267DA DE 244267 C DE244267 C DE 244267C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- cooling
- vessel
- sack
- pipe
- seals
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000078 corrosive Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100001010 corrosive Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J19/0013—Controlling the temperature of the process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
- B01F35/93—Heating or cooling systems arranged inside the receptacle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
- B01J2219/00076—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements inside the reactor
- B01J2219/00078—Fingers
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING
- M 244267 KLASSE 17/. GRUPPE- M 244267 CLASS 17 /. GROUP
Kühlvorrichtung, insbesondere für Reaktionsgefäße.Cooling device, in particular for reaction vessels.
Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 3. März 1910 ab.Patented in the German Empire on March 3, 1910.
Die Herstellung vieler chemischer Produkte gelingt im kleinen meistens ganz gut, bei Fabrikation größerer Mengen versagt jedoch vielfach das betreffende Verfahren. Der Grund hierfür liegt meistens darin, daß bei Vergrößerung der Apparate die Heiz- oder Kühlfläche durchaus nicht in dem Maße zunimmt wie der Inhalt, im Gegenteil im Verhältnis zum Inhalt sogar abnimmt. Das Einbauen von Heiz- oder Kühlschlangen oder sonstiger bekannter Kühlkörper bietet wegen der notwendigen Dichtungen und Verschraubungen im Innern des Gefäßes große Nachteile und ist in vielen Fällen, besonders bei Säuren, nicht angängig.The manufacture of many chemical products is usually quite successful on a small scale, in manufacturing However, the process in question often fails in larger quantities. The reason this is mostly due to the fact that when the apparatus is enlarged, the heating or cooling surface by no means increases to the same extent as the content, on the contrary in relation to the content even decreases. The installation of heating or cooling coils or other known ones Because of the necessary seals and screw connections inside the The vessel has major disadvantages and is not acceptable in many cases, especially with acids.
Erst dadurch, daß es durch die vorliegende Neuerung gelungen ist, sackförmige Rohre ohne Schrauben und Dichtungen im Innern des Gefäßes leicht auswechselbar anzuordnen, ist man imstande, säurebeständige Rührapparate mit beliebig großer Heiz- oder Kühlfläche herzustellen, welche geeignet sind zu Nitrierungen, SuIfonierungen, Darstellung von Säuregemischen, überhaupt zum schnellen Kühlen oder Erwärmen von stark ätzenden Flüssigkeiten.Only because the present innovation succeeded in creating sack-shaped tubes without One is to arrange screws and seals in the interior of the vessel in an easily replaceable manner able to produce acid-resistant stirrers with any large heating or cooling surface, which are suitable for nitration, sulphonation, preparation of acid mixtures, for quick cooling or heating of highly corrosive liquids.
Man ist somit in der Lage, derartige Arbeiten in der kürzesten Reaktionszeit ohne Betriebsstörung auszuführen, was in der Massenherstellung vieler Produkte einen hervorragenden technischen Erfolg bedeutet und wesentlich zu besserer Ausbeute und reineren Produkten führt.It is thus possible to carry out such work in the shortest possible response time without any operational disruptions execute, which means an outstanding technical success in the mass production of many products and is essential leads to better yield and cleaner products.
Die neue Bauart geht aus der beiliegenden Zeichnung eines speziell zu Nitrierungen dienenden Rührapparates hervor. Die zur Kühlung des Gemisches dienenden Sackrohre α und b werden direkt von oben eingeführt und können ohne jede Verschraubung mit dem Gefäß bleiben, eventuell jedoch außen mit diesem verschraubt und abgedichtet werden. Statt des sternförmigen Querschnittes α kann natürlich auch jede andere zur Erzielung einer großen Oberfläche geeignete Form (Rippenkörper usw.) gewählt werden. In vielen Fällen genügt auch der runde Querschnitt, wie bei b dargestellt. Um jedes Sackrohr von den übrigen unabhängig zu gestalten, erhält es seine eigene von den übrigen getrennte Zuführung des Kühlwassers. Dasselbe tritt durch die Rohre c ein und durch die Röhrchen d aus. Soll der Inhalt des Gefäßes erwärmt werden, z. B. durch Dampf, so erfolgt der Durchfluß in entgegengesetztem Sinne. Das aus jedem einzelnen Sackrohr frei abfließende Kühlwasser wird von Zeit zu Zeit mit einem Indikator auf Säuregehalt geprüft, wodurch der geringste Defekt eines Sackrohres entdeckt und das betreffende Rohr ohne Betriebsstörung herausgenommen und eventuell durch ein neues ersetzt werden kann. Die übrigen Sackrohre kühlen also infolge der getrennten Zuführung während des Herausnehmens eines defekten Rohres oder während des Auswechselns ohne Unterbrechung weiter, und gerade dies ist von größter Bedeutung, weil der oft wertvolle Inhalt des Gefäßes bei einem solchen Defekt gerettet werden kann.The new design is shown in the accompanying drawing of a stirrer specially used for nitriding. The blind pipes α and b used to cool the mixture are introduced directly from above and can remain with the vessel without any screw connection, but may be screwed to the outside and sealed. Instead of the star-shaped cross-section α , any other shape (rib body, etc.) suitable for achieving a large surface area can of course also be selected. In many cases, the round cross-section is sufficient, as shown at b . In order to make each pocket pipe independent of the others, it receives its own separate supply of cooling water from the others. It enters through tubes c and exits through tubes d . If the contents of the vessel are to be heated, e.g. B. by steam, the flow occurs in the opposite sense. The cooling water flowing freely out of each individual sack pipe is checked from time to time with an indicator for acidity, whereby the slightest defect in a sack pipe can be discovered and the pipe in question can be removed and possibly replaced with a new one without any malfunction. The remaining sack pipes therefore continue to cool as a result of the separate supply during removal of a defective pipe or during replacement without interruption, and this is precisely what is of the greatest importance because the often valuable contents of the vessel can be saved in the event of such a defect.
Bei den bisher bekannten Kühlkörpern dagegen bildet der ganze Apparat ein einziges zusammenhängendes Kühlsystem, wodurch das Auswechseln eines einzelnen defekten Rohres ohne vollständige Außerbetriebsetzung des ganzen Apparates nicht möglich ist, was oftWith the previously known heat sinks, on the other hand, the entire device forms a single unit coherent cooling system, which means that a single defective pipe can be replaced Without complete shutdown of the entire apparatus is not possible, which is often
gleichbedeutend ist mit dem Verlust der in Arbeit befindlichen wertvollen Materialien.is synonymous with the loss of valuable materials in progress.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE244267C true DE244267C (en) |
Family
ID=503324
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT244267D Active DE244267C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE244267C (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2585274A (en) * | 1944-12-22 | 1952-02-12 | Stanolind Oil & Gas Co | Catalytic reactor |
US2723539A (en) * | 1950-11-20 | 1955-11-15 | Ohio Commw Eng Co | Apparatus for dehydration of liquids by freezing |
US2940733A (en) * | 1956-10-08 | 1960-06-14 | Ajem Lab Inc | Heat exchange systems for cooling and cleaning contaminated heated gases |
DE1501605B1 (en) * | 1964-12-07 | 1970-07-09 | Boliden Ab | Heat exchanger with an upright container for the liquid to be cooled, into which dip tubes protrude from above |
EP0474221A1 (en) * | 1990-09-06 | 1992-03-11 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Device for agitating and mixing liquid |
EP1693175A1 (en) * | 2005-02-19 | 2006-08-23 | Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Process for manufacturing an automotive part by overmoulding a metal sheet |
-
0
- DE DENDAT244267D patent/DE244267C/de active Active
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2585274A (en) * | 1944-12-22 | 1952-02-12 | Stanolind Oil & Gas Co | Catalytic reactor |
US2723539A (en) * | 1950-11-20 | 1955-11-15 | Ohio Commw Eng Co | Apparatus for dehydration of liquids by freezing |
US2940733A (en) * | 1956-10-08 | 1960-06-14 | Ajem Lab Inc | Heat exchange systems for cooling and cleaning contaminated heated gases |
DE1501605B1 (en) * | 1964-12-07 | 1970-07-09 | Boliden Ab | Heat exchanger with an upright container for the liquid to be cooled, into which dip tubes protrude from above |
EP0474221A1 (en) * | 1990-09-06 | 1992-03-11 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Device for agitating and mixing liquid |
EP1693175A1 (en) * | 2005-02-19 | 2006-08-23 | Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Process for manufacturing an automotive part by overmoulding a metal sheet |
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