DE202006015047U1 - Ice warning system for wind power systems has sensor module and data logger, whereby data logger is connected by data lines to sensor module, to anemometer and to controller for wind power system - Google Patents
Ice warning system for wind power systems has sensor module and data logger, whereby data logger is connected by data lines to sensor module, to anemometer and to controller for wind power system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE202006015047U1 DE202006015047U1 DE202006015047U DE202006015047U DE202006015047U1 DE 202006015047 U1 DE202006015047 U1 DE 202006015047U1 DE 202006015047 U DE202006015047 U DE 202006015047U DE 202006015047 U DE202006015047 U DE 202006015047U DE 202006015047 U1 DE202006015047 U1 DE 202006015047U1
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- sensor module
- wind power
- data logger
- ice
- anemometer
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000533950 Leucojum Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/40—Ice detection; De-icing means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P13/00—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement
- G01P13/02—Indicating direction only, e.g. by weather vane
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/10—Devices for predicting weather conditions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/80—Diagnostics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/323—Air humidity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/325—Air temperature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Kurzfassung des theoretischen HintergrundesAbstract of the theoretical background
Ursache für die Vereisung von Windkraftanlagen ist das Vorhandensein von flüssigem Wasser, d.h. Vorhandensein von flüssigen Nebeltröpfchen bei Temperaturen unterhalb von 0°C. Um in den festen Aggregatzustand überzugehen benötigen die Nebeltröpfchen einen Kristallisationskeim. Als Kristallisationskeim können Staubteilchen, in der Luft befindliche Eiskristalle oder ein Gegenstand wirken. Sobald der Kristallisationskeim ein Nebeltröpfchen berührt erstarrt dieses. Kollidiert ein unterkühltes Nebeltröpfchen mit dem Rotorblatt einer Windkraftanlage, so erstarrt es schlagartig und friert auf dem Rotorblatt fest. So können innerhalb kurzer Zeit dicke Eisschichten auf der Vorderkante der Rotorblätter entstehen. Da unterkühltes Wasser und Eis bei gleicher Temperatur unterschiedliche Dampfdrücke besitzen, kann anhand von Temperatur und relativer Luftfeuchte auf das Vorhandensein von unterkühltem Wasser in der Luft geschlossen werden.reason for the Icing of wind turbines is the presence of liquid water, i. Presence of liquid fog droplets at temperatures below 0 ° C. To go into the solid aggregate state need the fog droplets a crystallization germ. As a crystallization germ dust particles, Airborne ice crystals or an object act. As soon as the crystallization germ touches a mist droplet it solidifies. collided a supercooled one fog droplets with the rotor blade of a wind turbine, it solidifies abruptly and freezes on the rotor blade. So can in a short time thick layers of ice form on the leading edge of the rotor blades. Since undercooled Water and ice have different vapor pressures at the same temperature, can be based on temperature and relative humidity on the presence of subcooled Water in the air to be closed.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die meisten herkömmlichen Sensoren zur Erkennung von Vereisung stammen aus dem Bereich der Luftfahrt. Ein Beispiel dafür ist der Rosemount Icing Detector. Der Rosemount Icing Detector zur Bestimmung von gefrierendem Nebel besteht aus einem zylindrischen Probekörper, der durch ein Piezo-Element zu mechanischen Eigenschwingungen angeregt wird. Beim Auftreten von gefrierendem Nebel lagert sich Eis an dem Probekörper an. Durch die zusätzliche Masse des Eises werden die Eigenfrequenzen der Mechanischen Schwingungen des Probekörpers geändert, was auf Eisansatz schließen läßt.The most conventional Sensors for the detection of icing come from the area of Aviation. An example for is the Rosemount Icing Detector. The Rosemount Icing Detector for Determination of freezing mist consists of a cylindrical Specimens by a piezo element is excited to mechanical natural oscillations. Upon occurrence from freezing mist, ice builds up on the specimen. By the additional The mass of the ice becomes the natural frequencies of the mechanical vibrations of the test piece changed, which suggests ice onset.
[Quelle: Mazin, I.P:Thermodynamics of Icing Cylinder for Measurements of Liquid Water Content in Supercooles Clouds][Source: Mazin, I.P: Thermodynamics of Icing Cylinder for Measurements of Liquid Water Content in Supercool Clouds]
Im
Patent
Das US
Patent US-A-4 210 021 beschreibt einen Sensor, der aus einem beheizten
Gehäuse
besteht. Die der Luftströmung
zugewandte Seite des beheizten Gehäuses stellt eine Arbeitsoberfläche dar,
die mit Nebeltröpfchen
zusammenstößt. Die
Verdampfung der Nebeltröpfchen
benötigt
Energie, was eine Abkühlung
dieser Oberfläche
zur Folge hat. Die der Luftströmung
abgewandte Seite des Gehäuses
stellt eine zweite Arbeitsoberfläche
dar, die nicht mit Nebeltröpfchen
kollidiert. Diese Seite hat die Temperatur der Luft. Sind keine
Nebeltröpfchen
vorhanden, dann besitzen beide Oberflächen die gleiche Temperatur.
Beim Vorhandensein von Nebeltröpfchen
kühlt sich
die der Luftströmung
zugewandte Seite gegenüber
der der Luftströmung
abgewandten Seite ab. Auf diese Weise wird das Vorhandensein von
Nebel, insbesondere von gefrierendem Nebel festgestellt.In the patent
US Patent US-A-4 210 021 describes a sensor consisting of a heated housing. The airflow-facing side of the heated housing is a work surface that collides with droplets of mist. The evaporation of the mist droplets requires energy, resulting in a cooling of this surface. The air flow side facing away from the housing is a second working surface that does not collide with fog droplets. This site has the temperature of the air. If there are no fog droplets, then both surfaces have the same temperature. In the presence of mist droplets, the air flow side facing away from the air flow side facing away from cools. In this way, the presence of fog, especially of freezing fog is detected.
Ein Eiswarnsystem, dass nicht aus der Luftfahrt stammt wurde von der Firma Igus GmbH entwickelt. Das Eiswarnsystem der Firma Igus GmbH mißt über Sensoren in den Rotorblättern die Mechanischen Eigenschwingungen der Rotorblätter der Windkraftanalge. Bei Eisansatz an den Rotorblättern ändern sich die Eigenfrequenzen der Rotorblattschwingungen. So kann die Dicke der Eisschicht auf den Rotorblättern berechnet werden.One Ice alert system that was not from the aviation industry was from the Company Igus GmbH developed. The ice alert system of Igus GmbH measures over sensors in the rotor blades the mechanical natural vibrations of the rotor blades of Windkraftanalge. at Ice accumulation on the rotor blades change the natural frequencies of the rotor blade vibrations. So can the thickness the ice layer on the rotor blades be calculated.
Problemstellungproblem
Die
im Stand der Technik beschriebenen Konstruktionen bringen folgende
Probleme mit sich:
P1: Der Massenstrom der Nebeltröpfchen wird
nicht ermittelt, die Windgeschwindigkeit wird auch nicht ermittelt.
Dadurch wird der Wassergehalt des Nebels nicht festgestellt. Der
Sensor zeigt an, ob Vereisung stattfindet aber nicht in welchen
Umfang die Vereisung stattfindet. Die genaue Beschaffenheit des
gefrierenden Nebels ist aber wichtig für die Berechnung der Eisschichtdicke
an jedem Teil der Windkraftanlage.
P2: Für den Betrieb von Windkraftanlagen
ist es zudem wichtig, dass die Windkraftanlage nach dem Verschwinden
des gefrierenden Nebels und nach dem Verschwinden der Eisschicht
durch Sublimation, wieder automatisch in Betrieb genommen wird.
Die vorher genannten Eiswarnsysteme ermitteln nicht die Geschwindigkeit,
mit der die Eisschicht von der Windkraftanlage sublimiert.
P3:
Eiswarnsysteme, die über
die Eigenfrequenz der Schwingung der Rotorblätter den Eisansatz an den Rotorblättern bestimmen
können
auch Daten den Abbau der Eisschicht auf den Rotorblättern liefern. Sie
benötigen
aber Sensoren, die in den Rotorblättern angebracht werden müssen. Dies
ist aufwendig und verursacht hohe Kosten.The constructions described in the prior art involve the following problems:
P1: The mass flow of the mist droplets is not determined, the wind speed is not determined. As a result, the water content of the mist is not detected. The sensor indicates whether icing is taking place but not to what extent the icing takes place. However, the exact nature of the freezing mist is important for calculating the ice sheet thickness at each part of the wind turbine.
P2: For the operation of wind turbines, it is also important that the wind turbine is automatically restarted after the disappearance of the freezing mist and after the disappearance of the ice layer by sublimation. The aforementioned ice warning systems do not determine the speed with which the ice sheet from the wind turbine sublimates.
P3: Ice warning systems that determine the ice accumulation on the rotor blades via the natural frequency of the vibration of the rotor blades can also provide data on the degradation of the ice layer on the rotor blades. But you need sensors that need to be mounted in the rotor blades. This is expensive and causes high costs.
Beschreibung der Erfindung.Description of the invention.
Die Probleme P1 bis P3 werden durch folgende Erfindung gelöst.The Problems P1 to P3 are solved by the following invention.
Das
Eiswarnsystem besteht aus einem Datenlogger und einem Sensormodul
(
Liegt kein gefrierender Nebel vor, so wird die Wärme aus dem elektrisch beheizten Probekörper fast ausschließlich durch Konvektion an die umgebende Luft übertragen. Herrscht kein gefrierender Nebel vor, so ist die Wärmeübertragung durch Konvektion und somit auch die Temperatur des Probekörpers ausschließlich abhängig von der Windgeschwindigkeit.Lies no freezing mist, so the heat is from the electrically heated Test specimen almost exclusively transferred by convection to the surrounding air. There is no freezing fog before, so is the heat transfer by convection and thus the temperature of the specimen exclusively dependent on the wind speed.
Beim Auftreten von gefrierendem Nebel kollidieren Nebeltröpfchen mit dem Probekörper und bleiben auf ihm haften. Da die Oberflächentemperatur des Probekörpers über der Lufttemperatur liegt, beginnen die auf der Oberfläche des Probekörpers haftenden Nebeltröpfchen zu verdunsten. In diesem Fall wird die Wärme aus dem elektrisch beheizten Probekörper durch Konvektion und zusätzlich über den Wasserdampf an die umgebende Luft abgeführt. Durch den erhöhten Wärmeübergang sinkt die Temperatur des Probekörpers. Das zusätzliche Absinken der Temperatur ist ein Maß für die menge an Wasser, die auf der Oberfläche des Probekörpers verdunstet. Auf diese Weise wird der Wassermassenstrom berechnet, der mit dem Probekörper kollidiert.At the The occurrence of freezing mist collides with fog droplets the test piece and stick to it. As the surface temperature of the specimen exceeds the Air temperature is low, start on the surface of the Specimen adhering fog droplets to evaporate. In this case, the heat from the electrically heated specimen through Convection and additionally over the Water vapor dissipated to the surrounding air. Due to the increased heat transfer the temperature of the test specimen decreases. The extra Decreasing the temperature is a measure of the amount of water that on the surface of the test piece evaporates. In this way, the water mass flow is calculated, the one with the test piece collided.
Bei Schneefall kommt es ebenfalls zur Kollision von Schneeflocken mit dem Probekörper. Die Schneeflocken bleiben ebenfalls auf dem Probekörper haften, da seine Temperatur über dem Gefrierpunkt liegt. In diesem Fall wird ebenfalls Wasser auf der Oberfläche des Probekörpers verdunstet. Anhand der Lufttemperatur und der relativen Luftfeuchte erkennt der Datenlogger aber, daß kein unterkühltes Wasser in der Atmosphäre vorhanden ist und somit kein gefrierender Nebel vorherrscht.at Snowfall is also involved in the collision of snowflakes the test piece. The snowflakes also stick to the specimen, because its temperature is over the freezing point. In this case, water will also be on the surface of the test piece evaporates. Based on the air temperature and the relative humidity recognizes the datalogger but that no supercooled water in the atmosphere is present and thus no freezing fog prevails.
Der Datenlogger berechnet anhand von Lufttemperatur, relativer Luftfeuchte, Windgeschwindigkeit, Rotordrehzahl und Temperatur des Probekörpers den Massenstrom der Nebeltröpfchen, die sich auf den verschiedenen Bauteilen der Windkraftanlage ablagern. Hat die errechnete Eisschichtdicke an einem vorher festgelegten Bauteil der Windkraftanlage einen festgelegten Wert überschritten, so setzt das Eiswarnsystem die Windkraftanlage außer Betrieb.Of the Data logger calculated on the basis of air temperature, relative humidity, Wind speed, rotor speed and temperature of the specimen Mass flow of the mist droplets, which are deposited on the various components of the wind turbine. Has the calculated ice layer thickness at a predetermined Component of the wind turbine exceeded a specified value, The ice warning system puts the wind turbine out of operation.
Liegt kein gefrierender Nebel mehr vor, so beginnt die Eisschicht durch Sublimation zu schrumpfen. Das Eiswarnsystem ermittelt anhand der Lufttemperatur, der Windgeschwindigkeit und der relativen Luftfeuchte die Massenabnahme der Eisschicht durch Sublimation. Unterschreitet die Dicke der Eisschicht einen festgelegten zulässigen Wert, dann setzt das Eiswarnsystem die Windkraftanlage automatisch wieder in Betrieb.Lies If there is no freezing mist, the ice layer begins Sublimation to shrink. The ice alert system uses the Air temperature, wind speed and relative humidity the mass decrease of the ice layer by sublimation. falls below the thickness of the ice layer a set allowable value, then that sets Ice alert system automatically restarts the wind turbine.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE202006015047U DE202006015047U1 (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2006-09-29 | Ice warning system for wind power systems has sensor module and data logger, whereby data logger is connected by data lines to sensor module, to anemometer and to controller for wind power system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE202006015047U DE202006015047U1 (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2006-09-29 | Ice warning system for wind power systems has sensor module and data logger, whereby data logger is connected by data lines to sensor module, to anemometer and to controller for wind power system |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE202006015047U1 true DE202006015047U1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
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DE202006015047U Expired - Lifetime DE202006015047U1 (en) | 2006-09-29 | 2006-09-29 | Ice warning system for wind power systems has sensor module and data logger, whereby data logger is connected by data lines to sensor module, to anemometer and to controller for wind power system |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010000723A3 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2010-05-27 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | A method of controlling a wind power plant |
EP2592447A1 (en) | 2011-11-08 | 2013-05-15 | Topwind Consultancy B.V. | Frost condition detection system and method |
RU2499913C1 (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2013-11-27 | Александр Юрьевич Онин | Wind-driven power plant with heated diffuser accelerator |
EP2856126A1 (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2015-04-08 | Université Laval | Method and apparatus for determining an icing condition status of an environment |
RU2582386C2 (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2016-04-27 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Оренбургский государственный аграрный университет" | Windmills |
CN106781229A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-05-31 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Coated by ice of overhead power transmission line method for early warning |
CN115684025A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2023-02-03 | 长春理工大学 | Cloud state polarization detection device and detection method |
-
2006
- 2006-09-29 DE DE202006015047U patent/DE202006015047U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010000723A3 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2010-05-27 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | A method of controlling a wind power plant |
AU2009265720B2 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2011-12-08 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | A method of controlling a wind power plant |
US8821108B2 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2014-09-02 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Method of controlling a wind power plant |
EP2592447A1 (en) | 2011-11-08 | 2013-05-15 | Topwind Consultancy B.V. | Frost condition detection system and method |
RU2499913C1 (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2013-11-27 | Александр Юрьевич Онин | Wind-driven power plant with heated diffuser accelerator |
WO2013176568A1 (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2013-11-28 | Onin Aleksandr Yur Evich | Wind energy installation with heated diffusive accelerator |
EP2856126A1 (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2015-04-08 | Université Laval | Method and apparatus for determining an icing condition status of an environment |
EP2856126A4 (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2016-02-17 | UNIVERSITé LAVAL | Method and apparatus for determining an icing condition status of an environment |
US9846261B2 (en) | 2012-05-31 | 2017-12-19 | UNIVERSITé LAVAL | Method and apparatus for determining an icing condition status of an environment |
RU2582386C2 (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2016-04-27 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Оренбургский государственный аграрный университет" | Windmills |
CN106781229A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-05-31 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Coated by ice of overhead power transmission line method for early warning |
CN115684025A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2023-02-03 | 长春理工大学 | Cloud state polarization detection device and detection method |
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Effective date: 20070111 |
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R081 | Change of applicant/patentee |
Owner name: KLOTSCHE, MICHAEL, DIPL.-ING. UNIV., DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: KLOTSCHE, MICHAEL, DIPL.-ING., 85354 FREISING, DE Effective date: 20080319 |
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R156 | Lapse of ip right after 3 years |
Effective date: 20100401 |