DE2015132A1 - Circuit for the linearization of a non-similar characteristic of an electrical see encoder - Google Patents
Circuit for the linearization of a non-similar characteristic of an electrical see encoderInfo
- Publication number
- DE2015132A1 DE2015132A1 DE19702015132 DE2015132A DE2015132A1 DE 2015132 A1 DE2015132 A1 DE 2015132A1 DE 19702015132 DE19702015132 DE 19702015132 DE 2015132 A DE2015132 A DE 2015132A DE 2015132 A1 DE2015132 A1 DE 2015132A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- bridge
- circuit
- differential amplifier
- linearization
- current
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
- G01K7/18—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a linear resistance, e.g. platinum resistance thermometer
- G01K7/20—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a linear resistance, e.g. platinum resistance thermometer in a specially-adapted circuit, e.g. bridge circuit
- G01K7/21—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a linear resistance, e.g. platinum resistance thermometer in a specially-adapted circuit, e.g. bridge circuit for modifying the output characteristic, e.g. linearising
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D3/00—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups
- G01D3/02—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups with provision for altering or correcting the law of variation
- G01D3/021—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups with provision for altering or correcting the law of variation using purely analogue techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/005—Circuits for altering the indicating characteristic, e.g. making it non-linear
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/32—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Technology Law (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
Description
J.C0 Eekardt AG # 26. März 1970JC 0 Eekardt AG # March 26, 1970
7 Stuttgart-50 PAT.BA/vJa7 Stuttgart-50 PAT.BA/vYes
Postfach 500347 A-Nr. 349P.O. Box 500347 A no. 349
s==sBsss=s:=ssssssss:3ssas=es£:=xrs == sBsss = s: = ssssssss: 3ssas = es £: = xr
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltung zur Linearisierung einer nichtlinearen Kennlinie eines elektrischen Gebers (z.B. Widerstandsthermometer), bestehend aus einer Brücke, in deren Diagonale ein Differenzverstärker angeordnet ist und eine Einrichtung zur Speisung der Brücke.The invention relates to a circuit for linearization a non-linear characteristic of an electrical sensor (e.g. resistance thermometer), consisting of a bridge, in the diagonal of which a differential amplifier is arranged and a device for feeding the bridge.
Die Änderung des Widerstandes in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur ist bei den Üblichen Widerstandsthermometer keine lineare Funktion. Eine Korrektur ist besonders dann erforderlich, wenn die mit einem Widerstandsthermometer gemessene Temperatur von Geräten der Digitaltechnik angezeigt oder weiterverarbeitet werden soll (z.B. Anschluß an Digitalrechner) .The change in resistance as a function of temperature is nonexistent with conventional resistance thermometers linear function. A correction is particularly necessary if the temperature measured with a resistance thermometer is displayed by digital technology devices or is to be processed further (e.g. connection to a digital computer).
109842/0891 " 2 '"109842/0891 " 2 '"
Es sind bereits Schaltungen und Maßnahmen bekannt, die eine Korrektur der Fühlerkennlinie zum Gegenstand haben. So werden z.B. bei einer bekannten Schaltung in den Gegenkopplungszweig eines Verstärkers aktive Schaltelemente derart angeordnet, daß deren Nlchtlinearität den ebenfalls nichtlinearen Spannungsabfall am Widerstandsthermometer kompensiert. Diese Maßnahme läßt sich bei einer BrUckenschaltung nicht verf wenden.Circuits and measures are already known which have a correction of the sensor characteristic as their object. For example, in a known circuit, active switching elements are arranged in the negative feedback branch of an amplifier in such a way that their non-linearity compensates for the likewise non-linear voltage drop across the resistance thermometer. This measure can be contact at a bridge circuit not ver f.
Weiterhin ist bekannt, in den Kompensationsteil eines Stufenverstärkers einen Widerstand vorzusehen, der die Kennlinienkorrektur bewirkt. In diesem Zusammenhang ist auch bekannt, durch geeignete Widerstandskombinationen im Vergleichezweig eines Stufenverschlüsslers eine Linearisierung zu erreichen, wenn der Kompensationskreis Bestandteil einer Wheatstone*sehen Brücke ist.It is also known to provide a resistor in the compensation part of a stage amplifier which effects the characteristic curve correction. In this context it is also known to achieve linearization by means of suitable combinations of resistors in the comparison branch of a step cipher, if the compensation circle is part of a Wheatstone * Bridge is.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Kennlinie von Widerstandsthermometern, die in einer BrUckenschaltung angeordnet sind, unmittelbar zu korrigieren. Die Messung von Temperaturdifferenzen soll ebenfalls ohne zusätzlichen Aufwand möglich sein.The invention is based on the object of the characteristic curve of resistance thermometers, which are in a bridge circuit are arranged to correct immediately. The measurement of temperature differences should also be carried out without additional Effort be possible.
Die Erfindung besteht darin, daß die Einrichtung zur Speisung der Brücke am Ausgang des Differenzverstärkers gesteuert 1st.The invention consists in that the device for feeding the bridge is controlled at the output of the differential amplifier 1st.
109842/0891 "3"109842/0891 " 3 "
Besonders vorteilhaft kann dabei vorgesehen werden, daß als Speisestrom der Meßbrücke der Kollektorstrom eines Transistors dient, der über eine konstante Spannungsquelle proportional zu dem Spannungsabfall an einem Widerstand angesteuert wird, der an dem Ausgangsstrom des Differenzverstärkers beaufschlagt ist. Durch diese Ausgestaltung wird ein der Temperatur proportionaler Ausgangsstrom mit Hilfe des an einem Widerstand entstehenden Spannungsabfalles zur Steuerung der Brücke benutzt, so daß der Ausgangsström sich linear mit der Temperatüränderung ändert.It can be particularly advantageously provided that as Feed current of the measuring bridge is the collector current of a transistor which is proportional to a constant voltage source driven to the voltage drop across a resistor which is applied to the output current of the differential amplifier. This configuration is one of the Temperature proportional output current using the an voltage drop resulting from a resistance to control the bridge is used, so that the output current changes linearly with the change in temperature.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen, erläutert. ^The invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, explained. ^
Es zeigtIt shows
Fig. 1 das Prinzipschaltbild und Fig. 2 ein Ausführungsbeispiel für eine stroiagespeiste Brücke.1 shows the basic circuit diagram and FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment for a Stroiage-fed bridge.
Ia Fig. 1 bildet das Widerstandsthermometer R-, m%% den ©husehen Widerständen Z9 3 und 4 ein® Brüekensehaliimga Bar Differenzverstärker 3 entnimmt der Brückendiagonale ein d@rIa Fig. 1 forms the resistance thermometer R-, m %% the © husehen resistors Z 9 3 and 4 a® bridge sehaliimg a bar differential amplifier 3 takes from the bridge diagonal a d @ r
Verstimmung der Brücke proportionales Signal und verstärkt fs, Das Äusgangssign&l A des Differenzverstärker© ^ird ¥ersorgungs@l@ment 6 -.zugsfUhrt· Die Vers©rgmg der sich damit mit d©r ladenaag d©©Detuning the bridge proportional signal and amplifies fs, the output signal & l A of the differential amplifier
zur Speisung der Brücke, der Steuer- und Verstärkerelemente erforderliche Energie wird der Quelle 7 entnommen.for supplying the bridge, the control and amplifier elements required energy is taken from source 7.
Fig. 2 zeigt ein Ausf Uhrungsbeispiel. Die Brücke wird aus dem Wie. er stands thermometer R-, ,, und R17, c sowie den ohmschen Widerständen 3, 9 und 10 gebildet. Zwischen dem Wideretand 8 und dem Widerstandsthermometer R^, g greift die Gegenkopplung ein. Der Differenzverstärker 5 ¥lrd von der Brückendiagonal spannung Un (Differenzspannung} angesteuert. Die Transistoren Tr ^ und Tr ^ werden mit den Widerständen 11 und 12 eingestellt. Es fließt dabei der Hoheström J^. Der Ruhestrom JA fließt über den Lastwiderstand R, und über den Widerstand 8 der Brücke, der in· bekannter Weise als Gegenkopplungswiderstand dient, Der Ausgangsstroia das Differenzverstärker wird dem Ruhestrom J, überlagert und erzeugt über dem Widerstand 13 einan Spannungsabfall A U. Disssr Spannungsabfall dient als Referenzspannung für di« konstant® Spannungsquelle 14, Mitteln Transistor Tr , wird der Speisestrom der Brücke von der konstanten Spanriungsquelle bestimmt«Fig. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment. The bridge becomes the how. He stood thermometer R-, ,, and R 17 , c and the ohmic resistors 3, 9 and 10 formed. The negative feedback intervenes between the resistor 8 and the resistance thermometer R ^, g. The differential amplifier 5 ¥ lrd is controlled by the bridge diagonal voltage U n (differential voltage). The transistors T r ^ and T r ^ are set with the resistors 11 and 12. The Hoheström J ^ flows. The quiescent current J A flows through the load resistor R, and via the resistor 8 of the bridge, which serves in a known way as a negative feedback resistor, the output current of the differential amplifier is superimposed on the quiescent current J, and generates a voltage drop A U via the resistor 13. The voltage drop serves as a reference voltage for di «constant® Voltage source 14, means transistor T r , the supply current of the bridge is determined by the constant voltage source «
Die erXordsrliche Energie für die gesamte Schaltung liefert die Quelle 7» Die Wirkungsweise sei anhand der Fig* 1 oder 2 und der nachflogenden Rechnung erläutert«The erXordrliche energy for the entire circuit supplies the source 7 »Let the mode of operation be based on Fig. 1 or 2 and the following invoice explained "
Annahmen: R2 ■ Rc * R und Uß * 0Assumptions: R 2 ■ Rc * R and U ß * 0
10S842/0891 " 5 "10S842 / 0891 " 5 "
Wird nun R^ = R^0 + AR undIf now R ^ = R ^ 0 + AR and
R1Q = Rj +R^ gewählt, so wirdR 1 Q = Rj + R ^ is chosen, then
τ- „t R .1 1A 2 R3 · J-τ- "t R .1 1 A 2 R 3 · J-
Dabei ist I^ der Ausgangsstrom und I der Versorgungsstrom der Brücke. Die Kompensationswirkung erfolgt nun aufgrund des AnsatzesI ^ is the output current and I is the supply current the bridge. The compensation effect now takes place on the basis of the approach
I β Ir, 4 "I β Ir, 4 "
Die nichtlineare Kennlinie des Widerstandsthermometers wird allgemein erfaßt durch die BeziehungThe non-linear characteristic of the resistance thermometer is generally detected by the relationship
R1 - a0T -D0T2 R 1 - a 0 T -D 0 T 2
2 Es zeigt sich, daß der Einfluß von bQT durch2 It turns out that the influence of b Q T by
I«I+ kIA kompensiert werden kann*I «I + kI A can be compensated *
Geht man mit diesem Ansatz in den Ausdruck für I. ein, so erhält manIf one goes into the expression for I. with this approach, so you get
τ τ Δ R . ^R 1A s 1O "ης" + kI τ τ Δ R. ^ R 1 A s 1 O "ης" + kI
A s 1O "ης" + kIA T Dabei ist A s 1 O "ης" + kI A T where
AR-V-V2 Mit der Abkürzung AR-VV 2 With the abbreviation
q β 2 R3 "■■■ wird q β 2 R 3 "■■■ becomes
hH (1 + hq - (1 + hq -
Γ - 6 -Γ - 6 -
— ö —- ö -
Wird die Reihe nach dem Glied hq abgebrochen, dann wird mit h. If the series is broken off after the term hq, then with h .
+ 2aoV + 2a oV
der Auegangsstrom I. proportional der Temperaturthe output current I. proportional to the temperature
T: IA β ac TT: I A β ac T
Nach dem Rechnungsgang kann nachgewiesen werden, daß die Kompensation auch für Messung einer Temperaturdifferenz mit zwei Widerstandsthermometern in der BrUckenschaltung zu erreichen ist.After the invoice has been issued, it can be proven that the Compensation also for measuring a temperature difference with two resistance thermometers in the bridge circuit can be reached.
- 7 -109842/0891- 7-109842/0891
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19702015132 DE2015132B2 (en) | 1970-03-28 | 1970-03-28 | CIRCUIT FOR LINEARIZATION OF A NON-LINEAR CHARACTERISTIC CURVE OF AN ELECTRIC SENSOR |
| CH325471A CH524816A (en) | 1970-03-28 | 1971-03-05 | Circuit arrangement for linearizing a non-linear characteristic of an electrical encoder |
| FR7110587A FR2085139A5 (en) | 1970-03-28 | 1971-03-25 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19702015132 DE2015132B2 (en) | 1970-03-28 | 1970-03-28 | CIRCUIT FOR LINEARIZATION OF A NON-LINEAR CHARACTERISTIC CURVE OF AN ELECTRIC SENSOR |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2015132A1 true DE2015132A1 (en) | 1971-10-14 |
| DE2015132B2 DE2015132B2 (en) | 1972-10-05 |
Family
ID=5766649
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19702015132 Pending DE2015132B2 (en) | 1970-03-28 | 1970-03-28 | CIRCUIT FOR LINEARIZATION OF A NON-LINEAR CHARACTERISTIC CURVE OF AN ELECTRIC SENSOR |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH524816A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2015132B2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2085139A5 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2350083A1 (en) * | 1972-10-09 | 1974-04-18 | Yamatake Honeywell Co Ltd | CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR CORRECTING THE OUTPUT SIGNAL OF A MEASURING DEVICE |
| DE2406073A1 (en) * | 1974-02-08 | 1975-10-02 | Deutsche Fernsprecher Gmbh | Catalyst temperature indication using comparator - involves input connected to potentiometer in series with opposite-polarity thermo-element |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4060715A (en) * | 1976-07-16 | 1977-11-29 | The Perkin-Elmer Corporation | Linearized bridge circuitry |
| DE3817098A1 (en) * | 1988-05-19 | 1989-11-30 | Dieter Dipl Ing Bohn | Method for the electrical representation of a physical measured variable in the form of an impedance change |
| US6316564B1 (en) | 1999-10-07 | 2001-11-13 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Acrylic block copolymer pigment dispersants containing heterocyclic groups |
-
1970
- 1970-03-28 DE DE19702015132 patent/DE2015132B2/en active Pending
-
1971
- 1971-03-05 CH CH325471A patent/CH524816A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-03-25 FR FR7110587A patent/FR2085139A5/fr not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2350083A1 (en) * | 1972-10-09 | 1974-04-18 | Yamatake Honeywell Co Ltd | CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR CORRECTING THE OUTPUT SIGNAL OF A MEASURING DEVICE |
| DE2406073A1 (en) * | 1974-02-08 | 1975-10-02 | Deutsche Fernsprecher Gmbh | Catalyst temperature indication using comparator - involves input connected to potentiometer in series with opposite-polarity thermo-element |
| DE2406073C3 (en) * | 1974-02-08 | 1982-02-25 | Deutsche Fernsprecher Gesellschaft Mbh Marburg, 3550 Marburg | Circuit arrangement for temperature monitoring on catalytic converters for the exhaust gases from motor vehicle internal combustion engines |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH524816A (en) | 1972-06-30 |
| DE2015132B2 (en) | 1972-10-05 |
| FR2085139A5 (en) | 1971-12-17 |
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