DE19825278A1 - Brake regulating system for motor vehicle with rear axle and front axle braking circuits and electronic control unit - Google Patents

Brake regulating system for motor vehicle with rear axle and front axle braking circuits and electronic control unit

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Publication number
DE19825278A1
DE19825278A1 DE19825278A DE19825278A DE19825278A1 DE 19825278 A1 DE19825278 A1 DE 19825278A1 DE 19825278 A DE19825278 A DE 19825278A DE 19825278 A DE19825278 A DE 19825278A DE 19825278 A1 DE19825278 A1 DE 19825278A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
brake
brake circuit
rear axle
axle
control unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19825278A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Jakob Unterforsthuber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority to DE19825278A priority Critical patent/DE19825278A1/en
Publication of DE19825278A1 publication Critical patent/DE19825278A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/40—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition comprising an additional fluid circuit including fluid pressurising means for modifying the pressure of the braking fluid, e.g. including wheel driven pumps for detecting a speed condition, or pumps which are controlled by means independent of the braking system
    • B60T8/4072—Systems in which a driver input signal is used as a control signal for the additional fluid circuit which is normally used for braking
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/66—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/68—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves
    • B60T13/686—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves in hydraulic systems or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
    • B60T7/04—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated
    • B60T7/042—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation foot actuated by electrical means, e.g. using travel or force sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/26—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels
    • B60T8/266—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels using valves or actuators with external control means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/26—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels
    • B60T8/266—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels using valves or actuators with external control means
    • B60T8/267—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels using valves or actuators with external control means for hybrid systems with different kind of brakes on different axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/321—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration deceleration
    • B60T8/3255—Systems in which the braking action is dependent on brake pedal data

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)

Abstract

The brake regulating unit is designed so that no working connection exists between the rear axle braking circuit (9 asterisk ,12,13) and the brake pedal (1). A sensor (5;6) is provided for determining the wish of the driver, depending on the operation of the brake pedal. The rear axle braking circuit is controlled alone by the auxiliary braking circuit (9 asterisk ), depending on the wish of the driver.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Bremsregelungsanlage für Kraftfahr­ zeuge nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a brake control system for motor vehicles witness according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine derartige Bremsregelungsanlage ist beispielsweise in dem Artikel "Dynamische Stabilitäts Control DSC der Baureihe 7 von BMW", ATZ, 1997, Seite 134f und Seite 208f, beschrieben. Ausgangsbasis hierfür ist die in der Automobilindustrie übliche hydraulische Bremsanlage. Zulassungsvoraus­ setzung für diese Bremsanlagen ist eine Aufteilung auf zwei hydraulisch ge­ trennte Bremskreise, den Hinterachs-Bremskreis und den Vorderachs- Bremskreis. Weiterhin ist vom Gesetzgeber vorgeschrieben, ab welcher Ver­ zögerung ein Überbremsen der Hinterräder zulässig ist. D. h., für ein stabiles Bremsmanöver dürfen die Räder der Hinterachse nicht vor den Rädern der Vorderachse blockieren. Im Falle von ABS-, ASC- oder DSC-Anlagen ist in die beiden Bremskreise jeweils ein Hilfsbremskreis in Form von Hydraulik­ aggregaten integriert, durch die an den Rädern ein Bremsdruck einstellbar ist, der von der Fahrervorgabe, d. h. von dem durch die Betätigung des Bremspedal vorgegebenen Vorsteuerdruck, abweicht. Ein Beispiel für einen hydraulischen Wirkschaltplan einer derartigen DSC-Bremsanlage ist in Bild 12 des genannten ATZ-Artikels dargestellt.Such a brake control system is for example in the article "Dynamic Stability Control DSC Series 7 from BMW", ATZ, 1997, Page 134f and page 208f. The starting point for this is that in the Automotive industry usual hydraulic brake system. Admission requirements This brake system is divided into two hydraulic units separated brake circuits, the rear axle brake circuit and the front axle Brake circuit. Furthermore, the legislator stipulates from which ver over-braking of the rear wheels is permitted. That is, for a stable The rear axle wheels must not brake in front of the wheels Block the front axle. In the case of ABS, ASC or DSC systems is in the two brake circuits each have an auxiliary brake circuit in the form of hydraulics Integrated units, through which a brake pressure can be set on the wheels is that of the driver specification, d. H. of which by operating the Brake pedal predetermined pilot pressure, deviates. An example of one Hydraulic circuit diagram of such a DSC brake system is shown 12 of the mentioned ATZ article.

Um das Überbremsen der Hinterräder bei derartigen Bremsregelungs­ anlagen zu vermeiden, sind je nach Fahrzeugtyp entweder Kompromisse bei der Auslegung der Bremskraftverteilung notwendig oder aufwendige Zusatztechniken erforderlich.To brake the rear wheels in such brake control Avoiding systems, depending on the vehicle type, are either compromises  the design of the brake force distribution necessary or complex Additional techniques required.

Fahrzeuge mit günstiger Achslastverteilung, niedrigem Schwerpunkt und langem Radstand besaßen bisher in der Regel eine Festabstimmung, die so ausgelegt sein mußte, daß unter ungünstigsten Randbedingungen die ge­ setzlichen Anforderungen ohne Zusatzmaßnahmen erfüllt werden. Nachteilig bei einer derartigen Festabstimmung ist, daß bei beladenem Fahrzeug und hohen Verzögerungen die Hinterräder noch weit von der Kraftschlußgrenze entfernt sind, wenn die Vorderräder bereits blockieren. Auf diese Weise wird u. U. deutlich Bremsweg verschenkt. Deshalb werden auch bei diesen Fahr­ zeugen in zunehmendem Maße die Bremskraftverteilungen in Richtung hö­ herer Bremskraft an den Hinterrädern ausgelegt. Eine derartige Bremskraftverteilung ist bei Fahrzeugen mit Frontantrieb (hohe Vorderachs- Last), Geländefahrzeugen (hoher Schwerpunkt) und Transportern (hohe Zuladung) generell notwendig.Vehicles with favorable axle load distribution, low center of gravity and long wheelbase have usually had a fixed vote so had to be interpreted that the ge legal requirements are met without additional measures. Disadvantageous with such a fixed vote is that with the vehicle loaded and high decelerations the rear wheels still far from the adhesion limit removed if the front wheels are already blocking. That way u. U. Significantly wasted braking distance. That is why even with these driving increasingly testify the brake force distributions in the direction of high designed braking force on the rear wheels. Such Braking force distribution in vehicles with front-wheel drive (high front axle Load), off-road vehicles (high center of gravity) and vans (high Payload) generally necessary.

Ein Überbremsen der Hinterräder wurde üblicherweise durch den Einsatz von lastabhängigen Bremskraftreglern vermieden. ABS-Anlagen bieten je­ doch die Möglichkeit, ein Überbremsen der Hinterräder auf elektronischem Wege zu vermeiden. Nachdem mittlerweile in den meisten Fahrzeugen ABS- Systeme serienmäßig eingebaut werden, wird von dieser Möglichkeit unter der Bezeichnung EBV (Elektronische Bremskraft-Verteilung) zunehmend Gebrauch gemacht. Nachteilig ist dabei, daß bei Ausfall der Regelungsanlage je nach Auslegung bereits bei niedrigen bis mittleren Verzögerungen die Bremsstabilität nicht mehr gegeben ist. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist, daß die EBV erst eingreift, wenn bestimmte Stabilitätskriterien überschritten sind. Bei der Abstimmung liegt die Priorität auf der Bremsstabilität vor dem Bremsweg. Um bei Bremsungen in der Kurve die Bremsstabilität zu gewährleisten, muß das System den Bremsdruck der Hinterräder auf Kosten des kürzestmöglichen Bremsweges deutlich reduzieren. Zudem kommt es beim Eingreifen dieser Systeme zu unerwünschten Pulsationen am Bremspedal. Ein weiterer Nachteil heutiger Bremsanlagen besteht darin, daß die Grundbremskraftverteilung durch die Dimensionierung der Radbremsen an Vorder- und Hinterachse vorgegeben ist; d. h. für Varianten eines Grundmodells müssen sehr häufig andere Komponenten verwendet werden.Overbraking of the rear wheels was usually through the use avoided by load-dependent brake force regulators. ABS systems offer but the possibility of over-braking the rear wheels on electronic Ways to avoid. After ABS in most vehicles Systems installed as standard are covered by this option the term EBV (Electronic Brake Force Distribution) is increasing Made use of. The disadvantage here is that if the Control system, depending on the design, even at low to medium Delays the braking stability is no longer given. Another The disadvantage is that the EBV only intervenes when certain stability criteria are exceeded. When it comes to voting, the priority is on Braking stability before the braking distance. To avoid braking when cornering To ensure braking stability, the system must control the braking pressure  Rear wheels clearly at the expense of the shortest possible braking distance to reduce. It also happens when these systems intervene unwanted pulsations on the brake pedal. Another disadvantage of today Braking systems consist in the fact that the basic braking force distribution through the Dimensioning of the wheel brakes on the front and rear axles specified is; d. H. for variants of a basic model very often others have to Components are used.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Bremsregelungsanlage eingangs ge­ nannter Art derart zu verbessern, daß ein Überbremsen der Hinterräder auf einfache und kostengünstige Weise vermieden wird, daß bei Kurvenbrem­ sungen eine hohe Bremskraft bei gleichzeitig guter Bremsstabilität möglich ist, daß keine unerwünschten Pulsationen am Bremspedal auftreten und daß die Bremskraftverteilung zwischen Vorder- und Hinterrädern elektronisch bestimmt werden kann.It is an object of the invention to provide a brake control system at the outset mentioned type to improve such that overbraking of the rear wheels simple and inexpensive way is avoided that when cornering high braking force with good braking stability possible is that there are no unwanted pulsations on the brake pedal and that the braking force distribution between the front and rear wheels is electronic can be determined.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind die Gegenstände der ab­ hängigen Ansprüche.This object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are the subjects of the pending claims.

Erfindungsgemäß wird der Hinterachs-Bremskreis vom direkten Fahrer­ eingriff getrennt, so daß keine Wirkverbindung zwischen dem Hinterachs­ bremskreis und dem Bremspedal besteht. Der Bremsdruck an den Rad­ bremszylindern des Hinterachsbremskreises wird demnach ausschließlich vom Hilfsbremskreis, z. B. in Form eines Hydroaggregats, aufgebracht. Dazu arbeitet der Hilfsbremskreis im sogenannten Brake-By-Wire-Modus. Voraus­ setzung hierfür ist die Erfassung des Fahrerwunsches. Der Fahrerwunsch ist direkt proportional mit der Betätigung bzw. dem Betätigungsgrad des Brems­ pedals. Vorzugsweise wird der Fahrerwunsch mittels des ohnehin vorhande­ nen Drucksensors im Vorderachs-Bremskreis zur Messung des Vorsteu­ erdrucks erfaßt. Redundant zu diesem Drucksensor wird in einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ein Wegsensor zur Messung des Betätigungs­ grades des Bremspedals vorgesehen. Mittels des Drucksensors und des Wegsensors kann zum einen eine Plausibilitätsüberwachung zur Erkennung des Ausfalls des Vorderachs-Bremskreises durchgeführt werden. Zum anderen kann im Falle eines Ausfalls des Vorderachs-Bremskreises allein durch den vom Vorderachs-Bremskreis und vom Bremspedal entkoppelten Hinterachs-Bremskreis mittels des Hilfsbremskreises in Abhängigkeit von dem Signal des Wegsensors zur Erfassung des Fahrerwunsches gebremst werden.According to the invention, the rear axle brake circuit is operated by the direct driver intervention separately, so that no operative connection between the rear axle brake circuit and the brake pedal. The brake pressure on the wheel brake cylinders of the rear axle brake circuit is therefore exclusive from the auxiliary brake circuit, e.g. B. in the form of a hydraulic unit, applied. To the auxiliary brake circuit works in the so-called brake-by-wire mode. Advance This is done by recording the driver's request. The driver request is directly proportional to the actuation or the degree of actuation of the brake pedals. The driver's request is preferably made by means of the already existing one  NEN pressure sensor in the front axle brake circuit to measure the pilot under pressure. Redundant to this pressure sensor is in another Embodiment of the invention, a displacement sensor for measuring the actuation degree of the brake pedal is provided. By means of the pressure sensor and the On the one hand, the displacement sensor can perform a plausibility monitoring for detection failure of the front axle brake circuit. To the others may do so in the event of a front axle brake circuit failure due to the decoupling from the front axle brake circuit and the brake pedal Rear axle brake circuit using the auxiliary brake circuit depending on the signal from the displacement sensor for recording the driver's request is braked become.

Der Vorderachs-Bremskreis ist vorzugsweise elektrohydraulisch gesteuert. Der Hinterachs-Bremskreis kann beispielsweise ebenfalls elektrohydraulisch oder aber auch elektromechanisch betrieben werden.The front axle brake circuit is preferably controlled electrohydraulically. The rear axle brake circuit can also be electro-hydraulic, for example or can also be operated electromechanically.

Durch diese erfindungsgemäße Bremsregelungsanlage kann für jeden Bremsfall eine optimale Bremskraftverteilung gewählt werden, ohne Kom­ promisse zwischen Bremsstabilität und Bremsweg eingehen zu müssen. Da der vom Bremspedal und vom Vorderachs-Bremskreis entkoppelte Hinter­ achs-Bremskreis nicht mehr am Hauptbremszylinder angeschlossen ist, kann dieser einfacher und mit kleinerem Bauraum ausgelegt werden.Through this brake control system according to the invention for everyone Optimal distribution of braking force should be selected when braking, without com Having to make a compromise between braking stability and braking distance. There the rear decoupled from the brake pedal and the front axle brake circuit axle brake circuit is no longer connected to the master brake cylinder, this can be designed more simply and with a smaller installation space.

In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt. Es zeigtExemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing. It shows

Fig. 1 einen vom Bremspedal und vom Vorderachs-Bremskreis entkoppelten Hinterachs-Bremskreis, der elektromechanisch gesteuert wird und Fig. 1 a decoupled from the brake pedal and the front axle brake circuit rear axle brake circuit, which is controlled electromechanically and

Fig. 2 einen vom Bremspedal und vom Vorderachs-Bremskreis entkoppelten Hinterachs-Bremskreis, der elektrohydraulisch gesteuert ist. Fig. 2 is a decoupled from the brake pedal and the front-axle brake circuit rear-axle brake circuit, which is electro-hydraulically controlled.

In Fig. 1 ist ein Bremspedal 1 über einen Bremskraftverstärker 2 und einen Hauptbremszylinder 4 mit einem hydraulisch gesteuerten Vorderachs- Bremskreis 8, 10, 11 wirkverbunden. Hierzu führt eine hydraulische Leitung vom Hauptbremszylinder 4 zu einem Hilfsbremskreis 8 in Form eines Hydraulikaggregates. Der Druck in den Radbremsen 10 und 11 an der Vor­ derachse wird direkt durch die Betätigung des Bremspedals 1 und/oder mittels des Hilfsbremskreises 8 eingestellt.In Fig. 1, 10 is a brake pedal 1 through a brake booster 2 and a master cylinder 4 having a hydraulically controlled front-axle brake circuit 8, 11 is operatively connected. For this purpose, a hydraulic line leads from the master brake cylinder 4 to an auxiliary brake circuit 8 in the form of a hydraulic unit. The pressure in the wheel brakes 10 and 11 on the front axle is set directly by operating the brake pedal 1 and / or by means of the auxiliary brake circuit 8 .

Zur Erfassung des Fahrerwunsches, der proportional zur Betätigung bzw. zum Betätigungsgrad des Bremspedals 1 ist, sind ein Wegsensor 5 am Bremspedal 1 sowie ein Drucksensor 6 vorgesehen, der den Vorsteuerdruck in der Hydraulikleitung am Ausgang des Hauptbremszylinders 4 im Vorderachs-Bremskreis ermittelt. Ein elektronisches Zentralsteuergerät 7* erfaßt die elektrischen Signale des Drucksensors 6 sowie der Raddrucksen­ soren 14 und 15. Über das Zentralsteuergerät 7* wird der hydraulische Hilfs­ bremskreis 8 angesteuert. Darüber hinaus führt vom Zentralsteuergerät 7* auch eine Steuerleitung zum Hinterachs-Steuergerät 9*. Das Hinterachs- Steuergerät 9* erhält die elektrischen Signale des Wegsensors 5, des Drucksensors 6 sowie der Raddrucksensoren 16 und 17 der Radbremsen 12 und 13 an der Hinterachse. Das Hinterachs-Steuergerät 9* steuert die Radbremsen 12 und 13 an der Hinterachse über Steuerleitungen bei­ spielsweise elektromechanisch an. Somit besteht keine Wirkverbindung zwi­ schen dem Hinterachs-Bremskreis 9*, 12 und 13 und dem Bremspedal 1. To detect the driver's request, which is proportional to the actuation or the degree of actuation of the brake pedal 1 , a displacement sensor 5 on the brake pedal 1 and a pressure sensor 6 are provided, which determine the pilot pressure in the hydraulic line at the output of the master brake cylinder 4 in the front axle brake circuit. An electronic central control unit 7 * detects the electrical signals from the pressure sensor 6 and the wheel pressure sensors 14 and 15 . The hydraulic auxiliary brake circuit 8 is controlled via the central control unit 7 *. In addition, a control line leads from the central control unit 7 * to the rear axle control unit 9 *. The rear axle control unit 9 * receives the electrical signals from the displacement sensor 5 , the pressure sensor 6 and the wheel pressure sensors 16 and 17 of the wheel brakes 12 and 13 on the rear axle. The rear axle control unit 9 * controls the wheel brakes 12 and 13 on the rear axle via control lines, for example electromechanically. There is therefore no operative connection between the rear axle brake circuit 9 *, 12 and 13 and the brake pedal 1 .

Bei intaktem Vorderachs-Bremskreis wird der Hinterachs-Bremskreis abhängig von den Signalen der Drucksensoren 6, 14, 15, 16 und 17 vorzugsweise über das Zentralsteuergerät 7* angesteuert. Bei intaktem Vor­ derachs-Bremskreis kann der Druck in den Radbremsen 10, 11, 12 und 13 insbesondere derart geregelt werden, daß kein Überbremsen der Räder der Hinterachse auftritt. Wird ein Ausfall des Vorderachs-Bremskreises beispielsweise durch unplausible Signale des Wegsensors 5 und des Drucksensors 6 erkannt, kann allein über den Hinterachs-Bremskreis mittels des Hinterachs-Steuergeräts 9* in Abhängigkeit vom Signal des Wegsensors 5 am Bremspedal 1 ein noch zufriedenstellendes Bremsmanöver ausführt werden. Ergänzend wird darauf hingewiesen, daß das Zentralsteuergerät 7* und das Hinterachssteuergerät 9* auch in einem einzigen Steuergerät zusammengefaßt werden können.If the front axle brake circuit is intact, the rear axle brake circuit is preferably controlled via the central control unit 7 * depending on the signals from the pressure sensors 6 , 14 , 15 , 16 and 17 . If the front axle brake circuit is intact, the pressure in the wheel brakes 10 , 11 , 12 and 13 can in particular be regulated in such a way that there is no over-braking of the wheels of the rear axle. If a failure of the front axle brake circuit is detected, for example, by implausible signals from the displacement sensor 5 and the pressure sensor 6 , a satisfactory braking maneuver can be carried out solely via the rear axle brake circuit by means of the rear axle control unit 9 *, depending on the signal from the displacement sensor 5 on the brake pedal 1 . In addition, it is pointed out that the central control unit 7 * and the rear axle control unit 9 * can also be combined in a single control unit.

In Fig. 2 ist anstelle eines elektromechanisch gesteuerten Hinterachs- Bremskreises ein elektrohydraulisch gesteuerter Hinterachs-Bremskreis dargestellt. Hierzu zweigt vom Ausgleichsbehälter 3 im Unterschied zum Stand der Technik, bei dem der Hinterachs-Bremskreis ebenfalls am Hauptbremszylinder 4 angeschlossen ist, eine Hydraulikleitung zum Hilfs­ bremskreis 9 in Form eines Hydraulikaggregats ab. Ein einziges elektroni­ sches Steuergerät 7 steuert sowohl den Hilfsbremskreis 8 als auch den Hilfsbremskreis 9 an. Im Steuergerät 7 sind beispielsweise zwei physikalisch getrennte Steuergeräte in einem Gehäuse zusammengefaßt, es können aber auch zwei getrennte Steuergeräte vorgesehen sein (wie in Fig. 1). Die beiden getrennten Hydraulikaggregate können auch zu einem einzigen Hydraulikaggregat zusammengefaßt werden (sog. modifizierte DSC- Hydraulik).In Fig. 2, an electro-hydraulically controlled rear axle brake circuit is shown instead of an electromechanically controlled rear axle brake circuit. For this purpose branches from the expansion tank 3 in contrast to the prior art, in which the rear axle brake circuit is also connected to the master brake cylinder 4 , a hydraulic line to the auxiliary brake circuit 9 in the form of a hydraulic unit. A single electronic control unit 7 controls both the auxiliary brake circuit 8 and the auxiliary brake circuit 9 . In the control unit 7 , for example, two physically separate control units are combined in one housing, but two separate control units can also be provided (as in FIG. 1). The two separate hydraulic units can also be combined into a single hydraulic unit (so-called modified DSC hydraulics).

Der wesentliche Unterschied zum gewürdigten Stand der Technik ist, daß der Hinterachs-Bremskreis durch den Anschluß am Ausgleichsbehälter 3 vom Bremspedal 1 entkoppelt und somit vom direkten Fahrereingriff getrennt ist. Bremsvorgänge an den Radbremsen 12 und 13 der Hinterachse werden ausschließlich durch das Steuergerät 7 und den Hilfsbremskreis 9 durchgeführt. Hierdurch lassen sich beliebige Druckwerte an den Radbremsen 12 und 13 einstellen. Insbesondere kann darauf geachtet werden, daß kein Überbremsen der Räder an der Hinterachse auftritt. Auch im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 kann bei Ausfall des Vorderachs- Bremskreises allein noch durch den Hinterachs-Bremskreis ausreichend gebremst werden. Fällt das Steuergerät 7 aus, kann zumindest noch mittels des Vorderachs-Bremskreises direkt über den Vorsteuerdruck, der über das Bremspedal 1 vorgegeben wird, gebremst werden. Auch in diesem Fall findet kein Übersteuern der Räder an der Hinterachse statt.The main difference from the acknowledged prior art is that the rear axle brake circuit is decoupled from the brake pedal 1 by the connection to the expansion tank 3 and is therefore separated from direct driver intervention. Braking operations on the wheel brakes 12 and 13 of the rear axle are carried out exclusively by the control unit 7 and the auxiliary brake circuit 9 . This allows any pressure values to be set on the wheel brakes 12 and 13 . In particular, care can be taken to ensure that there is no overbraking of the wheels on the rear axle. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, if the front axle brake circuit fails, the rear axle brake circuit alone can brake sufficiently. If the control unit 7 fails, braking can be carried out at least by means of the front axle brake circuit directly via the pilot pressure that is specified via the brake pedal 1 . In this case, too, the wheels on the rear axle are not oversteered.

Claims (3)

1. Bremsregelungsanlage für Kraftfahrzeuge mit einem Hinterachs- Bremskreis und mit einem Vorderachs-Bremskreis, mit einem elektronischen Steuergerät, mit einem Bremspedal, über dessen Betätigung zumindest im Vorderachs-Bremskreis ein Vorsteuerdruck vom Fahrer vorgebbar ist, und mit je einem Hilfsbremskreis im Hinterachs- und im Vorderachs-Bremskreis, wodurch der Druck in den Radbremszylindern abweichend vom vorgegebenen Vorsteuerdruck einstellbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß keine Wirkverbindung zwischen dem Hinterachs- Bremskreis (9*, 12, 13; 9, 12, 13) und dem Bremspedal (1) besteht, daß ein Sensor (5; 6) zur Erfassung des Fahrerwunsches abhängig von der Betätigung des Bremspedals (1) vorgesehen ist und daß der Hinterachs- Bremskreis (9*, 12, 13; 3, 9, 12, 13) abhängig vom Fahrerwunsch allein durch den Hilfsbremskreis (9; 9*) gesteuert wird.1. Brake control system for motor vehicles with a rear-axle brake circuit and with a front-axle brake circuit, with an electronic control unit, with a brake pedal, via the actuation of which a pilot pressure can be specified by the driver, at least in the front-axle brake circuit, and with one auxiliary brake circuit each in the rear axle and in the front axle brake circuit, whereby the pressure in the wheel brake cylinders can be adjusted differently from the specified pilot pressure, characterized in that there is no operative connection between the rear axle brake circuit ( 9 *, 12 , 13 ; 9 , 12 , 13 ) and the brake pedal ( 1 ) that a sensor ( 5 ; 6 ) for detecting the driver's request depending on the actuation of the brake pedal ( 1 ) is provided and that the rear axle brake circuit ( 9 *, 12 , 13 ; 3 , 9 , 12 , 13 ) depends on the driver's request alone is controlled by the auxiliary brake circuit ( 9 ; 9 *). 2. Bremsregelungsanlage nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Sensor zur Erfassung des Fahrerwunsches der Drucksensor (6) zur Messung des Vorsteuerdrucks im Vorderachs-Bremskreis (1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 11) ist.2. Brake control system according to claim 1, characterized in that a sensor for detecting the driver's request, the pressure sensor ( 6 ) for measuring the pilot pressure in the front axle brake circuit ( 1 , 2 , 4 , 8 , 10 , 11 ). 3. Bremsregelungsanlage nach Patentanspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Sensor zur Erfassung des Fahrerwunsches ein Wegsensor (5) zur Messung des Betätigungsgrades des Bremspedals (1) ist.3. Brake control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a sensor for detecting the driver's request is a displacement sensor ( 5 ) for measuring the degree of actuation of the brake pedal ( 1 ).
DE19825278A 1998-06-05 1998-06-05 Brake regulating system for motor vehicle with rear axle and front axle braking circuits and electronic control unit Withdrawn DE19825278A1 (en)

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EP1470979A2 (en) * 2003-04-24 2004-10-27 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Vehicle brake system
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EP2722241A1 (en) * 2012-10-18 2014-04-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brake system for a vehicle and method of operating a brake system of a vehicle
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DE10154425A1 (en) * 2001-11-06 2003-05-15 Continental Teves Ag & Co Ohg Process for controlling the braking force of vehicle brake systems of the brake-by-wire type
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DE102005061543A1 (en) * 2005-12-22 2007-07-05 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Automatic brake system for vehicles has return pump for rear axle brake circuit connected to brake fluid reservoir and master cylinder with two chambers, one of which is connected to pressure sensor detecting braking by driver
WO2011104090A1 (en) * 2010-02-24 2011-09-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brake system for a vehicle and method for operating a brake system of a vehicle
US8950826B2 (en) 2010-02-24 2015-02-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brake system for a vehicle and method for operating a brake system of a vehicle
US8955922B2 (en) 2010-02-24 2015-02-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brake system for a vehicle and method for operating a brake system of a vehicle
US8998347B2 (en) 2010-02-24 2015-04-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brake system for a vehicle and method for operating a brake system of a vehicle
US9499143B2 (en) 2010-02-24 2016-11-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brake system for a vehicle and method for operating a brake system of a vehicle
EP2722241A1 (en) * 2012-10-18 2014-04-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brake system for a vehicle and method of operating a brake system of a vehicle
DE102015010400A1 (en) 2015-08-11 2017-02-16 Günter Fendt Active level braking device for a vehicle, and method for an active level braking device

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