DE19718871A1 - Process for oxychlorination of ethylene in a fluidized bed catalyst bed - Google Patents

Process for oxychlorination of ethylene in a fluidized bed catalyst bed

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Publication number
DE19718871A1
DE19718871A1 DE1997118871 DE19718871A DE19718871A1 DE 19718871 A1 DE19718871 A1 DE 19718871A1 DE 1997118871 DE1997118871 DE 1997118871 DE 19718871 A DE19718871 A DE 19718871A DE 19718871 A1 DE19718871 A1 DE 19718871A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
catalyst
fluidized bed
ethylene
oxychlorination
bed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE1997118871
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Michael Dr Benje
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Original Assignee
Krupp Uhde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krupp Uhde GmbH filed Critical Krupp Uhde GmbH
Priority to DE1997118871 priority Critical patent/DE19718871A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP1998/002087 priority patent/WO1998050328A1/en
Priority to AU76424/98A priority patent/AU7642498A/en
Publication of DE19718871A1 publication Critical patent/DE19718871A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C17/00Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C07C17/093Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens
    • C07C17/15Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens with oxygen as auxiliary reagent, e.g. oxychlorination
    • C07C17/152Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens with oxygen as auxiliary reagent, e.g. oxychlorination of hydrocarbons
    • C07C17/156Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons by replacement by halogens with oxygen as auxiliary reagent, e.g. oxychlorination of hydrocarbons of unsaturated hydrocarbons

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for oxichlorination of ethylene, wherein the heat arising from a catalytic reaction is eliminated in a catalyst bed which is configured as a fluidized bed via a bundle of heat exchanger tubes immersed therein. The catalyst material forming the fluidized bed is diluted with an inert material forming the catalyst carrier and/or with a ceramic material exhibiting high heat conductivity in order to homogenize heat transfer along the entire fluidized bed. Said method simplifies the process and reduces the cost of heterogeneous, catalytic gas phase reaction in fluidized bed reactors, more specifically in the oxichlorination of ethylene.

Description

Die Erfindung richtet sich auf ein Verfahren zur Oxichlorie­ rung von Ethylen in einem wirbelschichtmäßig ausgebildeten Katalysatorbett.The invention is directed to a process for oxychlorine tion of ethylene in a fluidized bed Catalyst bed.

Ein Problem bei exothermen, aber auch endothermen katalyti­ schen Vorgängen besteht darin, daß zu Beginn des Katalysator­ bettes der Hauptteil der Reaktion und (beispielsweise bei exo­ thermen Vorgängen) der Hauptanfall der Wärme stattfindet, die dann nach außen abgeführt werden muß, während über den Rest der Betthöhe die Restumsetzung erfolgt mit deutlich geringerem Wärmeanfall. Danach müssen die Wärmetauscherrohre, aber auch die Höhe der Katalysatorschicht entsprechend ausgelegt werden. Da die Länge der Verdampferrohre von der gesamten Wirbel­ schicht umspült werden muß, um eine genügende Wärmeabfuhr zu ermöglichen, wird eine große Menge an Katalysator benötigt, was mit entsprechend hohen Kosten verbunden ist.A problem with exothermic, but also endothermic catalyti processes is that at the beginning of the catalyst the main part of the reaction and (for example in exo thermal processes) the main amount of heat that takes place then must be discharged to the outside while over the rest the bed height the remaining conversion takes place with significantly less Heat accumulation. After that, the heat exchanger tubes, too the height of the catalyst layer can be designed accordingly. Because the length of the evaporator tubes from the entire vortex layer must be washed to ensure sufficient heat dissipation a large amount of catalyst is required which is associated with correspondingly high costs.

Um eine Vergleichmäßigung der Temperatur zwischen Fuß und Kopf der Wirbelschicht zu erreichen, ist schon vorgeschlagen wor­ den, Glas, Tonerde oder Kieselsäure bzw. Quarz zur Stabilisie­ rung der Korngrößenverteilung des Katalysators einzusetzen (DE-24 42 182-C3).To even out the temperature between the foot and head Reaching the fluidized bed has already been suggested glass, alumina or silica or quartz for stabilization tion of the particle size distribution of the catalyst (DE-24 42 182-C3).

Hier setzt die Erfindung an, die sich zur Aufgabe gestellt hat, insbesondere den Aufwand und die Kosten bei heterogenen, katalytischen Gasphasenreaktionen im Wirbelschichtreaktor, nämlich bei der Oxichlorierung von Ethylen, zu verringern. Dieses Ziel wird durch die Maßnahme des Anspruches 1 gelöst.This is where the invention comes in, which set itself the task has, in particular the effort and costs for heterogeneous, catalytic gas phase reactions in a fluidized bed reactor, namely in the oxychlorination of ethylene. This goal is solved by the measure of claim 1.

Das hier eingesetzte, daß den Katalysatorträger bildende Mate­ rial hat besondere Vorteile, da es von den physikalischen Pa­ rametern dem Katalysator sehr ähnlich ist. Damit lassen sich die Parameter, wie Korngröße, Abriebfestigkeit u. dgl., in einfacher Weise so anpassen, daß sich z. B. die Abriebverluste minimieren lassen.The mate used here that forms the catalyst support rial has special advantages because it depends on the physical Pa rametern is very similar to the catalyst. With that you can the parameters such as grain size, abrasion resistance and. Like., in adjust easily so that z. B. the abrasion losses minimize.

Allgemein ist zu sagen, daß die Erzeugung von 1,2 Dichlorethan (1,2-EDC) durch Oxichlorierung von Ethylen verläuft an einem kupferhaltigen Katalysator (Träger: Aluminiumoxid) nach der Bruttogleichung:
In general, it can be said that the production of 1,2 dichloroethane (1,2-EDC) by oxychlorination of ethylene takes place on a copper-containing catalyst (carrier: aluminum oxide) according to the gross equation:

C2H4 + 2 HCl + 1/2 O2 → C2H4Cl2 + H2O + Δ H
C 2 H 4 + 2 HCl + 1/2 O 2 → C 2 H 4 Cl 2 + H 2 O + Δ H

wobei hier die Reaktion in einem Wirbelschichtreaktor mit Wär­ meabfuhr durch ein vertikales Verdampferrohrbündel durchge­ führt wird. Als Beispiel seien einige Daten genannt:
Betthöhe: ca. 14 m
Mittlerer Katalysatorkorndurchmesser: ca. 51 µm
Kupfergehalt des Katalysators: ca. 4%
Reaktionstemperatur: 220°C
Reaktionsdruck: 4,55 bar
Gasgeschwindigkeit bei Minimalfluidierung: ca. 0,002 m/s
Leerrohrgasgeschwindigkeit im Reaktor: 0,21-0,42 m/s
Weitere Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.
where the reaction is carried out in a fluidized bed reactor with heat dissipation through a vertical evaporator tube bundle. Some data may be mentioned as an example:
Bed height: approx. 14 m
Average catalyst grain diameter: approx. 51 µm
Copper content of the catalyst: approx. 4%
Reaction temperature: 220 ° C
Reaction pressure: 4.55 bar
Gas velocity with minimal fluidization: approx. 0.002 m / s
Empty tube gas velocity in the reactor: 0.21-0.42 m / s
Further refinements result from the subclaims.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist, wie oben schon ausgeführt, wenn als Verdünnungsmaterial der inerte Katalysator, nämlich γ-Alumini­ umoxid, eingesetzt wird.As already stated above, it is particularly advantageous if as Dilution material of the inert catalyst, namely γ-aluminum umoxid, is used.

Auch ist es zweckmäßig, die Form der Teilchen, z. B. die Sphä­ rizität (Abweichung der Katalysator-Teilchen von einer idealen Kugelform) so zu wählen, wie dies bei den Katalysator-Teilchen selbst der Fall ist, wobei hier zweckmäßig ein Katalysator und ein entsprechendes Verdünnungsmaterial mit einer Sphärizität von 0,99 eingesetzt wird (fast ideale Kugelform). Derartig runde Teilchen vermindern idealerweise unerwünschten Abrieb.It is also appropriate to change the shape of the particles, e.g. B. the sphere Ricity (deviation of the catalyst particles from an ideal Spherical shape) to be chosen, as is the case with the catalyst particles itself is the case, in which case a catalyst and an appropriate diluent with a sphericity of 0.99 is used (almost ideal spherical shape). Such round particles ideally reduce unwanted abrasion.

Auch wird erfindungsgemäß beim Verdünnungsmaterial eine Korn­ größenverteilung gewählt, die derjenigen des Katalysatormate­ riales selbst entspricht, auch dies fördert die Verringerung des Abriebverhaltens, so daß die ausgetragene Feinstaubmenge gegenüber herkömmlich betriebenen Systemen nicht geändert wird.According to the invention, a grain is also used in the dilution material size distribution chosen that of the catalyst mate riales itself, this also promotes reduction the abrasion behavior, so that the amount of fine dust discharged not changed compared to conventionally operated systems  becomes.

Eine zweckmäßige Variante der Erfindung besteht darin, daß Verdünnungsmaterial aus Keramik hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit ein­ gesetzt wird. Hierbei kann es sich beispielsweise um Silicium­ carbit handeln.An expedient variant of the invention is that Thinner material made of ceramic with high thermal conductivity is set. This can be silicon, for example trade carbit.

Allgemein sei angemerkt, daß das Verfahren auch bei anderen Wirbelschichtprozessen anwendbar ist, es muß nicht zwingend zur Oxichlorierung von Ethylen eingesetzt werden, obgleich es hier von besonderem Wert ist. Die Wärmeleitfähigkeit des ein­ gesetzten Inertmateriales hat wesentlichen Einfluß auf die mantelseitigen Wärmeübergangszahlen. Hier können in besonderer Weise keramische Werkstoffe eingesetzt werden, wodurch sich die Effizienz des Katalysator-Verdünnungsverfahrens nochmals steigern läßt.In general, it should be noted that the method also applies to others Fluid bed processes is applicable, it doesn't have to be mandatory be used for the oxychlorination of ethylene, although it is of particular value here. The thermal conductivity of the one set inert material has a significant influence on the jacket-side heat transfer coefficients. Here in particular Way ceramic materials are used, which makes the efficiency of the catalyst dilution process again can increase.

Neben der besonders vorteilhaften Mengenangabe von bis zu 50% γ-Aluminiumoxid als Verdünnungsmaterial sei angemerkt, daß hier auch andere Mischungsverhältnisse in Betracht kommen. Je nach Einsatzgebiet kann auch ein höherer Anteil des Verdün­ nungsmateriales vorgesehen sein.In addition to the particularly advantageous quantity of up to 50% γ-alumina as a dilution material should be noted that other mixing ratios can also be considered here. Each depending on the application, a higher proportion of the dilution be provided.

Claims (5)

1. Verfahren zur Oxichlorierung von Ethylen, wobei die in einer katalytischen Reaktion entstehende Wärme in einem wirbel­ schichtmäßig ausgebildeten Katalysatorbett über darin eintau­ chende Wärmetauscher-Rohrbündel abgeführt wird und wobei das die Wirbelschicht ausbildende Katalysatormaterial, insbesonde­ re zur Vergleichmäßigung der Wärmeübertragung über die Höhe der Wirbelschicht, mit einem inerten, den Katalysatorträger bildenden Material und/oder keramisches Material hoher Wärme­ leitfähigkeit verdünnt wird.1. A process for oxychlorination of ethylene, wherein the in a catalytic reaction heat generated in a vortex layered catalyst bed above thaw in it is removed and the heat exchanger tube bundle catalyst material forming the fluidized bed, in particular re to equalize the heat transfer over the height the fluidized bed, with an inert, the catalyst carrier forming material and / or high heat ceramic material conductivity is diluted. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Verdünnungsmaterial γ-Aluminiumoxid eingesetzt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized, that γ-alumina is used as the dilution material. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Katalysatormaterial bis zu 50% mit γ-Aluminiumoxid verdünnt wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized, that the catalyst material up to 50% with γ-alumina is diluted. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Verdünnungsmaterial Siliciumcarbit (SiC) eingesetzt wird. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized, that used as the dilution material silicon carbide (SiC) becomes.   5. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Verdünnungsmaterial-Teilchen zur Verminderung des Abriebes in möglichst idealer Kugelform eingesetzt werden.5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized, that diluent particles to reduce abrasion be used in the ideal spherical shape.
DE1997118871 1997-05-03 1997-05-03 Process for oxychlorination of ethylene in a fluidized bed catalyst bed Ceased DE19718871A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1997118871 DE19718871A1 (en) 1997-05-03 1997-05-03 Process for oxychlorination of ethylene in a fluidized bed catalyst bed
PCT/EP1998/002087 WO1998050328A1 (en) 1997-05-03 1998-04-09 Method for oxichlorination of ethylene in a fluidized bed-catalyst bed
AU76424/98A AU7642498A (en) 1997-05-03 1998-04-09 Method for oxichlorination of ethylene in a fluidized bed-catalyst bed

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1997118871 DE19718871A1 (en) 1997-05-03 1997-05-03 Process for oxychlorination of ethylene in a fluidized bed catalyst bed

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DE19718871A1 true DE19718871A1 (en) 1998-11-12

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AU (1) AU7642498A (en)
DE (1) DE19718871A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1998050328A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1020222A2 (en) * 1999-01-08 2000-07-19 Süd Chemie Mt S.R.L. Catalytic composition for controlling exothermic reactions on a fixed bed
DE102008048526A1 (en) 2008-09-23 2010-04-01 Uhde Gmbh Process for the use of the heat of reaction in the production process of 1,2-dichloroethane from ethylene in a fluidized bed reactor

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI341218B (en) 2005-11-14 2011-05-01 Oxy Vinyls Lp Catalyst compositions and process for oxychlorination

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD86387A (en) *
US4446249A (en) * 1979-11-05 1984-05-01 The B. F. Goodrich Company Copper catalyst compositions for fluid-bed oxyhydrochlorination of ethylene
US5202511A (en) * 1989-08-16 1993-04-13 The Dow Chemical Company Catalyst diluent for oxychlorination process
DE4131446A1 (en) * 1991-09-21 1993-06-09 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen, De REACTOR AND METHOD FOR CARRYING OUT HETEROGENIC CATALYTIC GAS PHASE REACTIONS
DE4305001A1 (en) * 1993-02-18 1994-08-25 Hoechst Ag Oxychlorination device

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4339620A (en) * 1979-11-05 1982-07-13 The B. F. Goodrich Company Copper-catalyzed fluid-bed ethylene oxhydrochlorination process

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD86387A (en) *
US4446249A (en) * 1979-11-05 1984-05-01 The B. F. Goodrich Company Copper catalyst compositions for fluid-bed oxyhydrochlorination of ethylene
US5202511A (en) * 1989-08-16 1993-04-13 The Dow Chemical Company Catalyst diluent for oxychlorination process
DE4131446A1 (en) * 1991-09-21 1993-06-09 Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen, De REACTOR AND METHOD FOR CARRYING OUT HETEROGENIC CATALYTIC GAS PHASE REACTIONS
DE4305001A1 (en) * 1993-02-18 1994-08-25 Hoechst Ag Oxychlorination device

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1020222A2 (en) * 1999-01-08 2000-07-19 Süd Chemie Mt S.R.L. Catalytic composition for controlling exothermic reactions on a fixed bed
EP1020222A3 (en) * 1999-01-08 2001-11-21 Süd Chemie Mt S.R.L. Catalytic composition for controlling exothermic reactions on a fixed bed
US6593269B1 (en) 1999-01-08 2003-07-15 Sud Chemie Mt S.R.L. Catalysts for exothermic reactions on a fixed bed
DE102008048526A1 (en) 2008-09-23 2010-04-01 Uhde Gmbh Process for the use of the heat of reaction in the production process of 1,2-dichloroethane from ethylene in a fluidized bed reactor
WO2010034392A1 (en) * 2008-09-23 2010-04-01 Uhde Gmbh Method for using the reaction heat developing during the production process of 1,2-dichloroethane from ethylene in a fluidized bed reactor
RU2481320C2 (en) * 2008-09-23 2013-05-10 Тиссенкрупп Уде Гмбх Method of using reaction heat obtained during production of 1,2-dichloroethane from ethylene in fluidised bed reactor
US8552229B2 (en) 2008-09-23 2013-10-08 Thyssenkrupp Uhde Gmbh Method for utilization of the reaction heat that occurs in the production process of 1,2-dichloroethane from ethylene in a fluidized bed reactor

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Publication number Publication date
AU7642498A (en) 1998-11-27
WO1998050328A1 (en) 1998-11-12

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