DE19702254A1 - Highly porous moulding especially light construction block - Google Patents
Highly porous moulding especially light construction blockInfo
- Publication number
- DE19702254A1 DE19702254A1 DE19702254A DE19702254A DE19702254A1 DE 19702254 A1 DE19702254 A1 DE 19702254A1 DE 19702254 A DE19702254 A DE 19702254A DE 19702254 A DE19702254 A DE 19702254A DE 19702254 A1 DE19702254 A1 DE 19702254A1
- Authority
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- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- mass
- mixture
- expanded glass
- oxide
- molded body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/22—Glass ; Devitrified glass
- C04B14/24—Glass ; Devitrified glass porous, e.g. foamed glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/0076—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials characterised by the grain distribution
- C04B20/008—Micro- or nanosized fillers, e.g. micronised fillers with particle size smaller than that of the hydraulic binder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/006—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mineral polymers, e.g. geopolymers of the Davidovits type
- C04B28/008—Mineral polymers other than those of the Davidovits type, e.g. from a reaction mixture containing waterglass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00068—Mortar or concrete mixtures with an unusual water/cement ratio
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Formkörper, vorzugsweise zur Verwendung als Leichtbaustein, sowie eine Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und seine Verwendung. Beim erwähnten Erzeugnis ebenso wie bei dessen Herstellungsverfahren sollen die Vorteile der sogenannten Geopolymere genutzt werden.The invention relates to a molded body, preferably for use as a lightweight building block, as well as a process for its manufacture and its use. When mentioned Product as well as its manufacturing process should take advantage of the so-called Geopolymers are used.
Bei den Geopolymeren handelt es sich vor der Härtung um ein Gemisch besonders
reaktionsfähiger wasserunlöslicher Oxide auf der Basis von Siliziumdioxid in Verbindung mit
Aluminiumoxid, die in wäßrig alkalischem Medium bei Temperaturen ab etwa 85°C in
wirtschaftlich vertretbarer Zeit härtbar sind. Ein solches Oxidgemisch kann wie folgt
zusammengesetzt sein.
15-30 Masse-% kalialkalische Kaliumsilicatlösung
(30-65%ig kalialkalisch)
15-35 Masse-% Metakaolin bzw. ein Oxidgemisch mit Gehalten von
amorphem SiO2 und Aluminiumoxid
45-65 Masse-% Füllstoffe (Korund, Zirkonsand, Basaltmehl u. a.)Before hardening, the geopolymers are a mixture of particularly reactive water-insoluble oxides based on silicon dioxide in combination with aluminum oxide, which can be hardened in an aqueous alkaline medium at temperatures from about 85 ° C. in an economically reasonable time. Such an oxide mixture can be composed as follows.
15-30% by mass of alkaline potash potassium silicate solution (30-65% alkaline potash)
15-35 mass% metakaolin or an oxide mixture with contents of amorphous SiO 2 and aluminum oxide
45-65 mass% fillers (corundum, zircon sand, basalt flour, etc.)
Geopolymere sind Polysialate, die amorphe bis halbkristalline, räumliche Netzwerke
ausbilden können. Die Polysialate haben die folgende allgemeine Formel
Geopolymers are polysialates that can form amorphous to semi-crystalline spatial networks. The polysialates have the following general formula
Mn[-(Si-O2)z-Al-O2-]n,w H2O
M n [- (Si-O 2 ) z -Al-O 2 -] n , w H 2 O
M ist ein einwertiges Kation wie Kalium oder Natrium
n ist der Kondensationsgrad.M is a monovalent cation like potassium or sodium
n is the degree of condensation.
In Abhängigkeit von z unterscheidet man beispielsweise, wenn M Kalium ist, drei Typen von
Polysialaten:
Depending on z, for example, if M is potassium, a distinction is made between three types of polysialates:
Das Geopolymernetzwerk ist aus SiO4 und AlO4 Tetraedern aufgebaut, die über den Sauerstoff miteinander verknüpft sind. Die Anwesenheit von Kationen (Na⁺, K⁺, Li⁺ u. a.) im Netzwerk ist zur Kompensation der negativen Ladung am Aluminium, die sich aus dessen 4fach Koordination ergibt, notwendig. The geopolymer network is made up of SiO 4 and AlO 4 tetrahedra, which are linked to one another via the oxygen. The presence of cations (Na +, K +, Li +, etc.) in the network is necessary to compensate for the negative charge on aluminum, which results from its 4-fold coordination.
Grundsätzliche Patente zur Herstellung und Anwendung von Geopolymeren wurden von J. Davidovics eingereicht (beispielsweise EP 0 026 687 B1, EP 0 153 097 B1, WO 82/00816, WO 83/03093, WO 85/03699).Fundamental patents for the manufacture and use of geopolymers were granted by J. Davidovics submitted (e.g. EP 0 026 687 B1, EP 0 153 097 B1, WO 82/00816, WO 83/03093, WO 85/03699).
Spezielle bekannte Anwendungen geschäumter Geopolymere im Bauwesen, wobei deren relativ geringes Gewicht, ihr Wärmeisolationsvermögen und der geringe Energieaufwand für den Aushärtevorgang, da diese Werkstoffe ggf. sogar an Ort und Stelle in einer Form bei Temperaturen unter 100°C aushärten, sind beispielsweise Wandelemente für den Hochbau mit einer flächenhaften Stützstruktur (DE 41 08 644 A1). Diese Bauelemente zeichnen sich durch niedrige Herstellungskosten aus und setzen im Brandfalle keine toxischen Gase frei. Zur Verminderung des Umfangs der bei der Montage eines Schornsteins anfallenden manuellen Tätigkeiten wurde ein zwei- oder auch mehrschaliges Schornsteinelement aus einem Geopolymer-Schaumwerkstoff gefertigt (DE 41 18 006 A1). Das Verkleben dieser Schornsteinelemente erfolgt stoffhomogen mit einem ungeschäumten Geopolymerwerkstoff. Ein aus Geopolymerschaum hergestelltes Bauelement, das zum technischen Ausbau von Gebäuden, z. B. für Installationsschächte, genutzt werden kann ist in DE 41 26 140 A1 beschrieben. Allen diesen Werkstoffen ist gemeinsam, daß die Porosität und damit das Wärmeisoliervermögen nicht über ein bestimmtes Maß hinaus gesteigert werden können. Nachteilig ist auch, daß zum Teil gefährliche und teure Chemikalien, wie beispielsweise Wasserstoffperoxid zum Aufschäumen eingesetzt werden (DE 37 44 210 A1).Special known applications of foamed geopolymers in construction, with their relatively low weight, their thermal insulation properties and the low energy consumption for the curing process, as these materials may even be provided in a form on the spot Curing at temperatures below 100 ° C are, for example, wall elements for building construction with a planar support structure (DE 41 08 644 A1). These components stand out due to low manufacturing costs and do not release any toxic gases in the event of fire. To reduce the amount of work involved in installing a chimney manual activities resulted in a two- or multi-shell chimney element made of a geopolymer foam material (DE 41 18 006 A1). Gluing this Chimney elements are made homogeneously with a non-foamed geopolymer material. A construction element made of geopolymer foam, which is used for the technical expansion of Buildings, e.g. B. for installation shafts can be used is in DE 41 26 140 A1 described. All these materials have in common that the porosity and thus the Thermal insulation capacity cannot be increased beyond a certain level. It is also disadvantageous that some dangerous and expensive chemicals, such as Hydrogen peroxide can be used for foaming (DE 37 44 210 A1).
Zur Herstellung von Bausteinen hoher Porosität ist es auch bekannt, Blähglasgranulat mit anorganischen Bindemitteln, wie beispielsweise Kalkmörtel (DE 41 04 919 A1) oder hochwertigem Tonerdezement (DE 44 46 011 A1) zu formen und auszuhärten. Bei guten Werten der prozentualen geschlossenen Porosität ist im ersten Falle ist eine unbefriedigende Festigkeit zu erwarten, während im zweiten Falle der verwendete Zement relativ teuer ist und die Dichte des fertigen Erzeugnisses gegenüber derjenigen des Blähglasgranulats recht hoch ist.For the production of building blocks of high porosity, it is also known to use expanded glass granules inorganic binders such as lime mortar (DE 41 04 919 A1) or high-quality alumina cement (DE 44 46 011 A1) to shape and harden. With good ones Values of the percentage closed porosity is unsatisfactory in the first case Strength can be expected, while in the second case the cement used is relatively expensive and the density of the finished product is right compared to that of the expanded glass granulate is high.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, aus preiswerten Rohstoffen einen Formkörper, vorzugsweise einen Leichtbaustein, mit hoher Porosität, d. h. niedriger Dichte bei ausreichender Festigkeit herzustellen.The invention is based on the object of making a molded body from inexpensive raw materials, preferably a lightweight building block with high porosity, d. H. low density to produce sufficient strength.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in den Patentansprüchen beschriebene Erfindung gelöst.This object is achieved by the invention described in the patent claims.
Der erfindungsgemäße Formkörper, bei welchem die Blähglasgranalien mit dem Bindemittel lediglich benetzt sind, hat bei ausreichender Festigkeit, die später im Zusammenhang mit dem Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert werden wird, eine besonders hohe Porosität die sich in geringen bis mäßigen Dichtewerten ausdrückt, weil zu den Poren (Hohlräumen) der Granalien selbst noch die Hohlräume zwischen diesen kommen, die wie oben angedeutet, nur zu einem geringen Volumenbruchteil mit dem Geopolymer-Bindemittel ausgefüllt sind. Dies wird durch die nachfolgende Gegenüberstellung der Dichte verschiedener Baustein- Materialien verdeutlicht:The molded body according to the invention, in which the expanded glass granules with the binder are merely wetted, if there is sufficient strength, which is later related to the embodiment will be explained in more detail, a particularly high porosity Expressed in low to moderate density values because of the pores (cavities) of the Granules themselves still come into the cavities between these, which as indicated above, only are filled to a small volume fraction with the geopolymer binder. this is shown by the following comparison of the density of different building block Materials clarified:
Die Verwendung von hochporösen Blähglasgranulaten führt zu Formkörpern, die sich durch ihre guten Isolationseigenschaften auszeichnen. Ein weiteres Merkmal ist der bei der Aushärtung der Formkörper auftretende geringe Schwund und die damit verbundene hohe Maßhaltigkeit der gefertigten Formteile. The use of highly porous expanded glass granules leads to moldings that stand out are characterized by their good insulation properties. Another feature is that of the Curing of the moldings occurring low shrinkage and the associated high Dimensional accuracy of the manufactured molded parts.
Ein wesentlicher Vorteil des geopolymeren Binders besteht darin, daß er bei Raumtemperatur hergestellt und verarbeitet werden kann, was einen Einsatz direkt am Ort des Baugeschehens ermöglicht.A major advantage of the geopolymeric binder is that it is at room temperature can be manufactured and processed, which means that it can be used directly on site enables.
Zu den besonders hervorzuhebenden vorteilhaften Auswirkungen der Erfindung gehört schließlich die Möglichkeit der Abproduktnutzung und zwar zum einen von Abfallglas zu Herstellung des Blähglasgranulats und zum anderen durch den Einsatz von Flugaschen, Hochofenstäuben sowie Glaspulver wiederum aus Abfallglas im erfindungswesentlichen Oxidgemisch.One of the advantageous effects of the invention which should be particularly emphasized Finally, there is the possibility of using waste products, on the one hand from waste glass Production of expanded glass granulate and, on the other hand, through the use of fly ash, Blast furnace dusts and glass powder, in turn, from waste glass in the essential part of the invention Oxide mixture.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend an einem Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert, wobei auch die vorteilhaften Auswirkungen der Erfindung hinsichtlich Festigkeit und chemischer Beständigkeit dargestellt werden:The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment, with also the beneficial effects of the invention in terms of strength and chemical Persistence can be represented:
Der Unterschied zu anderen aus Geopolymeren hergestellten Formteilen besteht im Einsatz
von Blähglasgranulaten als Füllstoff. Diese hochporösen Granulate verfügen über folgendes
Eigenschaftsbild.
The difference to other molded parts made from geopolymers is the use of expanded glass granules as a filler. These highly porous granulates have the following properties.
- - Korngrößenklassen: 0,5-10 mm- Grain size classes: 0.5-10 mm
- - Korndichte: 0,25-0,50 g/cm3 - Grain density: 0.25-0.50 g / cm 3
- - Schüttdichte: 0,15-0,30 g/cm3 - Bulk density: 0.15-0.30 g / cm 3
- - Wärmeleitzahl: 0,045-0,060 W/mK- Thermal conductivity: 0.045-0.060 W / mK
- - Porosität: 75-90% geschl. Poros.- Porosity: 75-90% closed Porous.
- - Einzelkornbruchlast: 3-5 MPa- Single grain breaking load: 3-5 MPa
Die Granulate werden mit dem geopolymeren Bindergemisch vermischt und in eine Form eingebracht. Die Zusammensetzung des Bindergemischs kann dabei, wie bereits oben beschrieben, sehr variabel gestaltet werden. Insbesondere bieten die Oxidgemische breite Auswahlmöglichkeiten. Hier können alle Oxidgemische mit Gehalten von amorphen SiO2 und Aluminiumoxid in Betracht gezogen werden, wie zum Beispiel die große Zahl der natürlich vorkommenden Alumosilicate, hochaufgemahlenes Glas, Metakaolin, Flugaschen, Hochofenstäube, hochaufgemahlenes Basalt und andere.The granules are mixed with the geopolymeric binder mixture and placed in a mold. As already described above, the composition of the binder mixture can be made very variable. In particular, the oxide mixtures offer a wide range of options. All oxide mixtures with contents of amorphous SiO 2 and aluminum oxide can be considered here, such as the large number of naturally occurring aluminosilicates, highly ground glass, metakaolin, fly ash, blast furnace dust, highly ground basalt and others.
Neben dem Einsatz des thermisch aktivierten Kaolins in Form des bereits genannten Metakaolins, bieten die thermisch und durch bestimmte Sinteratmosphären aktivierten Tone wesentliche Vorteile. Dabei ist es verarbeitungstechnisch interessant, daß ein solcher Ton zur Einstellung der gewünschten Plastizität beim Strangziehen verwendet werden kann, gleichzeitig aber auch Bestandteil des reaktiven Oxidgemisches ist.In addition to the use of thermally activated kaolin in the form of the one already mentioned Metakaolins are clays activated thermally and by certain sintering atmospheres substantial advantages. It is interesting from a processing point of view that such a tone is used for Adjustment of the desired plasticity can be used during strand drawing, but at the same time it is also part of the reactive oxide mixture.
Gezielt aktivierte Tone können auch zur Bildung von schwerlöslichen Hydrosilikaten zum Immobilisieren von Schwermetallen eingesetzt werden. Daraus ereben sich vielfältige Applikationsmöglichkeiten.Targeted activated clays can also lead to the formation of sparingly soluble hydrosilicates Immobilizing heavy metals can be used. A variety of things arise out of this Application possibilities.
Von wirtschaftlichem Interesse ist auch die Verfügbarkeit von Ton.The availability of clay is also of economic interest.
Zur Fertigung eines Formteils wurde ein solches Bindergemisch hergestellt. Zu diesem
Zweck wurden
Such a binder mixture was produced for the production of a molded part. For this purpose were
50 Masse-% Metakaolin
30 Masse-% Wasserglas (40%-ige Lsg. von Na2O.3SiO2;
ρ = 1,39 g/cm3)
5 Masse-% 10%-ige NaOH
50 mass% metakaolin
30% by mass of water glass (40% solution of Na 2 O.3SiO 2 ; ρ = 1.39 g / cm 3 )
5% by mass of 10% NaOH
vermischt. Günstig auf die Festigkeit der hergestellten Formteile wirkt sich eine Vorpolymerisation, die z. B. durch eine einstündige Lagerung des oben genannten Binders bei 40-50°C erreicht werden kann, aus. Zur Einstellung der gewünschten Viskosität wurden zu dem Gemisch noch 15 Masse-% Wasser zugegeben.mixed. A has a favorable effect on the strength of the molded parts produced Prepolymerization, e.g. B. by storing the abovementioned binder for one hour 40-50 ° C can be reached from. To set the desired viscosity were to 15% by mass of water was added to the mixture.
65 Masseteile dieses Bindergemisches werden mit 35 Masseteilen eines Blähglasgranulates gemischt und in eine Form (7,7×11,8×23,8 cm3) gegeben. Die Verdichtung der Masse erfolgt durch Stampfen und Rütteln. Ist das Strangziehen als Formgebungsverfahren vorgesehen, ist es möglich zur Einstellung der gewünschten Viskosität aktivierten Ton, der gleichzeitig Bestandteil des reaktiven Oxidgemisches ist, einzusetzen.65 parts by weight of this binder mixture are mixed with 35 parts by weight of expanded glass granules and placed in a mold (7.7 × 11.8 × 23.8 cm 3 ). The mass is compacted by tamping and shaking. If extrusion is intended as a shaping process, it is possible to use activated clay, which is also part of the reactive oxide mixture, to set the desired viscosity.
Nach der Trocknung und Härtung, die bei Bedarf durch eine Temperaturerhöhung auf 70 bis
120°C wesentlich beschleunigt werden kann, erhält man Formkörper, die auch
komplizierter als beispielsweise ein Normziegelstein gestaltet sein können und sich durch
folgende Eigenschaften auszeichnen:
Ihre Dichte liegt im Bereich von 500 bis 750 kg/m3 und ist damit vergleichbar mit der von
Bims-, Blähton- oder Gas- Poren-Beton und wesentlich geringer als die von den meisten
üblichen Baumaterialien.After drying and hardening, which can be significantly accelerated by increasing the temperature to 70 to 120 ° C if necessary, moldings are obtained which can also be more complicated than, for example, a standard brick and are characterized by the following properties:
Their density is in the range from 500 to 750 kg / m 3 and is thus comparable to that of pumice, expanded clay or gas-pore concrete and much lower than that of most common building materials.
An aus einem Baustein herausgeschnittenen Probestücken mit den Abmessungen
30×45×80 mm3 wurde die Festigkeit sowie die Beständigkeit gegenüber verschiedenen chemischen
Prüfbelastungen festgestellt:
The strength and resistance to various chemical test loads were determined on test pieces cut out of a building block with the dimensions 30 × 45 × 80 mm 3:
- - Biegefestigkeit: 1,27 N/mm2 - Flexural strength: 1.27 N / mm 2
-
- Masseverlust nach 24 Stunden Wasserlagerung: 4,9 Masse-%
(Der Masseverlust beruht hauptsächlich auf der Auslaugung überflüssiger Bindemittel. Der Prüfkörper bleibt formbeständig.)- Loss of mass after 24 hours of immersion in water: 4.9% by mass
(The loss of mass is mainly due to the leaching of superfluous binders. The test specimen remains dimensionally stable.) -
- Masseverlust nach 4 Stunden kochen in Wasser: 4,0 Masse-%
(Der Masseverlust beruht hauptsächlich auf der Auslaugung überflüssiger Bindemittel. Der Prüfkörper bleibt formbeständig.)- Loss of mass after 4 hours of boiling in water: 4.0% by mass
(The loss of mass is mainly due to the leaching of superfluous binders. The test specimen remains dimensionally stable.) -
- Masseverlust nach 24 Stunden Lagerung in 1%iger Natronlauge: etwa 3 Masse-%
(Der Prüfkörper bleibt formbeständig.)- Loss of mass after 24 hours of storage in 1% sodium hydroxide solution: approx. 3% by mass
(The test specimen remains dimensionally stable.) -
- Masseverlust nach 24 Stunden Lagerung in 70%iger Schwefelsäure: etwa 3 Masse-%
(Der Prüfkörper bleibt formbeständig.).- Loss of mass after 24 hours of storage in 70% sulfuric acid: approx. 3% by mass
(The test specimen remains dimensionally stable.).
Claims (8)
Korngröße: 0,5 . . . 10 mm
Korndichte: 0,25-0,50 g/cm3
Schüttdichte: 0,15-0,30 g/cm3
Wärmeleitzahl: 0,045-0,06 W/mK
Porosität: 75-90% geschl. Poros.
Einzelkornbruchlast: 3-5 MPa2. Shaped body according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains an expanded glass granulate with the following properties:
Grain size: 0.5. . . 10 mm
Grain density: 0.25-0.50 g / cm 3
Bulk density: 0.15-0.30 g / cm 3
Thermal conductivity: 0.045-0.06 W / mK
Porosity: 75-90% closed Porous.
Single grain fracture load: 3-5 MPa
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19702254A DE19702254A1 (en) | 1997-01-23 | 1997-01-23 | Highly porous moulding especially light construction block |
DE29724777U DE29724777U1 (en) | 1997-01-23 | 1997-01-23 | Highly porous moulding especially light construction block - consists of geopolymer=bonded expanded glass granule(s) in hardened mixture with binder, comprising alkali metal solution and oxide(s) mixture |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19702254A DE19702254A1 (en) | 1997-01-23 | 1997-01-23 | Highly porous moulding especially light construction block |
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DE19702254A1 true DE19702254A1 (en) | 1998-07-30 |
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DE19702254A Withdrawn DE19702254A1 (en) | 1997-01-23 | 1997-01-23 | Highly porous moulding especially light construction block |
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DE (1) | DE19702254A1 (en) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000035632A2 (en) * | 1998-12-17 | 2000-06-22 | Norton Company | Abrasive article bonded using a hybrid bond |
DE19860878C2 (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 2003-10-16 | Hermsdorfer Inst Tech Keramik | Filler for organic and inorganic polymers and uses of a polymer material with such a filler |
DE10326252A1 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2005-01-05 | Dennert Poraver Gmbh | Process for producing a shaped body from a lightweight aggregate granulate and a binder |
WO2011134783A1 (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2011-11-03 | Construction Research & Technology Gmbh | Alkali-activated aluminosilicate binder containing glass beads |
DE10300043B4 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2011-12-22 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Process for the production of molded and fired foam clay components |
CN106116659A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-11-16 | 山东理工大学 | Heat-conducting type zeolite zirconium boride ceramic microballon is prepared porous and is catchmented the method for sponge brick |
CN106116655A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-11-16 | 山东理工大学 | Heat-conducting type zeolite silicon nitride ceramics microballon is prepared porous and is catchmented the method for sponge brick |
CN106187038A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-12-07 | 山东理工大学 | Heat-conducting type zeolite quartz sand ceramic fine bead is prepared porous and is catchmented the method for sponge brick |
CN106187035A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-12-07 | 山东理工大学 | Heat-conducting type zeolitic silica ceramic fine bead is prepared porous and is catchmented the method for sponge brick |
CN106187044A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-12-07 | 山东理工大学 | Filter-type activated carbon carbide slag is prepared porous and is catchmented the method for sponge brick |
CN106187037A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-12-07 | 山东理工大学 | Heat-conducting type zeolite aluminium oxide ceramics microballon is prepared porous and is catchmented the method for sponge brick |
CN106187036A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-12-07 | 山东理工大学 | Heat-conducting type zeolite tantalum carbide ceramics microballon is prepared porous and is catchmented the method for sponge brick |
CN106187039A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-12-07 | 山东理工大学 | Sound absorption-type polyster fibre rock phosphate in powder is prepared porous and is catchmented the method for sponge brick |
CN110564422A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-13 | 湖南城市学院 | Soil heavy metal pollution passivation material capable of releasing K ions and preparation method thereof |
WO2023194436A3 (en) * | 2022-04-05 | 2023-12-21 | glapor Werk Mitterteich GmbH | Molding, especially fire-proof structural panel |
-
1997
- 1997-01-23 DE DE19702254A patent/DE19702254A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000035632A2 (en) * | 1998-12-17 | 2000-06-22 | Norton Company | Abrasive article bonded using a hybrid bond |
WO2000035632A3 (en) * | 1998-12-17 | 2002-10-10 | Norton Co | Abrasive article bonded using a hybrid bond |
DE19860878C2 (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 2003-10-16 | Hermsdorfer Inst Tech Keramik | Filler for organic and inorganic polymers and uses of a polymer material with such a filler |
DE10300043B4 (en) * | 2002-02-15 | 2011-12-22 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Process for the production of molded and fired foam clay components |
DE10326252A1 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2005-01-05 | Dennert Poraver Gmbh | Process for producing a shaped body from a lightweight aggregate granulate and a binder |
US7150843B2 (en) | 2003-06-11 | 2006-12-19 | Dennert Poraver Gmbh | Process for the production of a shaped article from a lightweight-aggregate granulate and a binder |
WO2011134783A1 (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2011-11-03 | Construction Research & Technology Gmbh | Alkali-activated aluminosilicate binder containing glass beads |
CN102791651A (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2012-11-21 | 建筑研究和技术有限公司 | Alkali-activated aluminosilicate binder containing glass beads |
US8657954B2 (en) | 2010-04-26 | 2014-02-25 | Construction Research & Technology Gmbh | Alkali-activated aluminosilicate binder containing glass beads |
CN106116655A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-11-16 | 山东理工大学 | Heat-conducting type zeolite silicon nitride ceramics microballon is prepared porous and is catchmented the method for sponge brick |
CN106187039A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-12-07 | 山东理工大学 | Sound absorption-type polyster fibre rock phosphate in powder is prepared porous and is catchmented the method for sponge brick |
CN106187038A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-12-07 | 山东理工大学 | Heat-conducting type zeolite quartz sand ceramic fine bead is prepared porous and is catchmented the method for sponge brick |
CN106187035A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-12-07 | 山东理工大学 | Heat-conducting type zeolitic silica ceramic fine bead is prepared porous and is catchmented the method for sponge brick |
CN106187044A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-12-07 | 山东理工大学 | Filter-type activated carbon carbide slag is prepared porous and is catchmented the method for sponge brick |
CN106187037A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-12-07 | 山东理工大学 | Heat-conducting type zeolite aluminium oxide ceramics microballon is prepared porous and is catchmented the method for sponge brick |
CN106187036A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-12-07 | 山东理工大学 | Heat-conducting type zeolite tantalum carbide ceramics microballon is prepared porous and is catchmented the method for sponge brick |
CN106116659A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-11-16 | 山东理工大学 | Heat-conducting type zeolite zirconium boride ceramic microballon is prepared porous and is catchmented the method for sponge brick |
CN106187036B (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2018-01-12 | 山东理工大学 | The method that heat-conducting type zeolite tantalum carbide ceramics microballon prepares the porous sponge brick that catchments |
CN106187044B (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2018-04-06 | 山东理工大学 | The method that filter-type activated carbon carbide slag prepares the porous sponge brick that catchments |
CN106116659B (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2018-08-14 | 山东理工大学 | The method that heat-conducting type zeolite zirconium boride ceramic microballon prepares the porous sponge brick that catchments |
CN106116655B (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2018-08-24 | 山东理工大学 | The method that heat-conducting type zeolite silicon nitride ceramics microballon prepares the porous sponge brick that catchments |
CN110564422A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-13 | 湖南城市学院 | Soil heavy metal pollution passivation material capable of releasing K ions and preparation method thereof |
WO2023194436A3 (en) * | 2022-04-05 | 2023-12-21 | glapor Werk Mitterteich GmbH | Molding, especially fire-proof structural panel |
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