DE19604318A1 - Regenerating nitrogen dioxide adsorption catalyst - Google Patents

Regenerating nitrogen dioxide adsorption catalyst

Info

Publication number
DE19604318A1
DE19604318A1 DE1996104318 DE19604318A DE19604318A1 DE 19604318 A1 DE19604318 A1 DE 19604318A1 DE 1996104318 DE1996104318 DE 1996104318 DE 19604318 A DE19604318 A DE 19604318A DE 19604318 A1 DE19604318 A1 DE 19604318A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
burner
storage medium
heating
catalyst
nitrogen dioxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE1996104318
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Wolfgang Dr Ing Held
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Truck and Bus SE
Original Assignee
MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG filed Critical MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG
Priority to DE1996104318 priority Critical patent/DE19604318A1/en
Publication of DE19604318A1 publication Critical patent/DE19604318A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0842Nitrogen oxides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9404Removing only nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/9409Nitrogen oxides
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0871Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0871Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
    • F01N3/0878Bypassing absorbents or adsorbents
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/12Combinations of different methods of purification absorption or adsorption, and catalytic conversion

Abstract

Regenerating a NOx (nitrogen oxides) storage catalyst comprises: (i) removing NOx from the exhaust fumes in a first adsorption phase, onto a storage medium; and (ii) releasing the NOx by heating the medium whilst reducing to nitrogen, rendering them harmless. The heating is effected by a burner with the combustion air ratio set at lambda less or equal to 1. Preferably, two catalysts are used, so that the exhaust can be passed through either, whilst the other is regenerated.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Regenerierung eines NOx-Speicher­ katalysators gemäß dem Gattungsbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a method for regenerating a NO x storage catalyst according to the preamble of claim 1.

Zur Reduzierung des NOx-Gehaltes von Abgasen einer Brennkraftmaschine ist es be­ kannt, das Abgas in einer ersten Phase über ein Speichermedium zu leiten, welches die Eigenschaft besitzt, das NOx zu adsorbieren. Diese Adsorption erfolgt nur dann, wenn das Abgas relativ kalt ist - beispielsweise zwischen 150°C und 350°C . In einer zweiten Phase, wenn das Abgas eine höhere Temperatur aufweist, wird NOx aus dem Speichermedium wieder ausgetrieben. Zur Reduktion wird das ausgetriebene NOx wieder in die Ansaugluft der Brennkraftmaschine zurückgeführt. Ein derartiges Ver­ fahren ist nur dann sinnvoll, wenn die Brennkraftmaschine nicht zu lange im Teillast­ bereich, also mit niedriger Abgastemperatur gefahren wird, da dann keine Regenerie­ rung des Speichermediums möglich ist und NOx ungehindert in die Umgebung ent­ weicht. Sehr nachteilig ist dieses Verfahren besonders bei Dieselmotoren, wo eine in­ nermotorische Reduktion des NOx wegen des hohen Sauerstoffüberschusses in weiten Betriebsbereichen äußerst problematisch ist.To reduce the NO x content of exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, it is known to conduct the exhaust gas in a first phase via a storage medium which has the property of adsorbing the NO x . This adsorption only occurs when the exhaust gas is relatively cold - for example between 150 ° C and 350 ° C. In a second phase, when the exhaust gas has a higher temperature, NO x is driven out of the storage medium again. For reduction, the expelled NO x is returned to the intake air of the internal combustion engine. Such a method is only useful if the internal combustion engine is not operated for too long in the partial load range, i.e. with a low exhaust gas temperature, since then regeneration of the storage medium is not possible and NO x escapes unhindered into the environment. This process is particularly disadvantageous in diesel engines, where a reduction in NO x in the engine is extremely problematic in wide operating ranges because of the high excess of oxygen.

Ausgehend von einem Verfahren gemäß dem Gattungsbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Regenerierung des Speichermediums und die Reduktion von ausgetriebenen NOx so zu gestalten, daß das Verfahren insbesondere für Dieselmotoren anwendbar und man vom Betriebszyklus der Brennkraftmaschine weitgehend unabhängig ist.Based on a method according to the preamble of claim 1, the invention has for its object to design the regeneration of the storage medium and the reduction of driven NO x so that the method is particularly applicable to diesel engines and one is largely independent of the operating cycle of the internal combustion engine.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspru­ ches 1.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of the patent claim ches 1.

Durch die Verwendung eines Brenners kann das Speichermedium jederzeit regeneriert werden, unabhängig von der Betriebsweise der Brennkraftmaschine. Da der Brenner erfindungsgemäß stets mit einem Luftverhältnis von λ ≦ 1 betrieben wird, ist auch die Reduktion des NOx zu N₂ gesichert, ebenfalls unabhängig von der Betriebsweise der Brennkraftmaschine.By using a burner, the storage medium can be regenerated at any time, regardless of the operating mode of the internal combustion engine. Since the burner is always operated according to the invention with an air ratio of λ ≦ 1, the reduction of NO x to N₂ is also ensured, also regardless of the operating mode of the internal combustion engine.

Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung des Verfahrens zeichnet sich durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 2 aus. Durch die Verwendung zweiter Katalysatoren (Duplex- Ver­ fahren) kann kontinuierlich adsorbiert und regeneriert werden.An advantageous development of the method is characterized by the features of Claim 2 from. By using two catalysts (duplex ver driving) can be continuously adsorbed and regenerated.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß die Adsorption von NOx bzw. die Regenerierung des Speichermediums und die Reduktion des NOx zu N₂ wechselweise, jedoch kontinuierlich möglich ist, losgelöst von der Betriebsweise der Brennkraftmaschine. Bei längeren Phasen im Teillastbereich, in denen nach dem Stand der Technik keine Regenerierung des Speichermediums durch die Abgastemperatur möglich ist, kann erfindungsgemaß mittels eines Brenners das NOx aus dem Spei­ chermedium ausgetrieben werden. Der Brenner wird dabei stets mit einem Luft­ verhältnis von λ ≦ 1 betrieben, so daß das durch Aufheizung mit dem Brenner ausgetretene NOx unmittelbar durch die Abgase des Brenners zu N₂ reduziert wird.The inventive method is characterized in that the adsorption of NO x or the regeneration of the storage medium and the reduction of NO x to N₂ is alternately, but continuously possible, detached from the operation of the internal combustion engine. For longer phases in the partial load range, in which, according to the prior art, no regeneration of the storage medium by the exhaust gas temperature is possible, the NO x can be expelled from the storage medium by means of a burner. The burner is always operated with an air ratio of λ ≦ 1, so that the NO x leaked by heating with the burner is reduced directly to N₂ by the exhaust gases of the burner.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist besonders vorteilhaft bei Dieselmotoren anwend­ bar, welche in allen Lastbereichen mit Luftüberschuß arbeiten, wodurch eine Re­ duktion von NOx auf innermotorischem Wege nur sehr unvollkommen gelingt.The method according to the invention is particularly advantageous in the case of diesel engines which operate with excess air in all load ranges, as a result of which reduction of NO x by internal engine means is very incomplete.

Durch die Verwendung zweier Katalysatoren ist es möglich, vollkommen kontinuier­ lich zu arbeiten. Während einer der Katalysatoren NOx adsorbiert, kann der andere durch Aufheizung mittels des kleinen Brenners regeneriert werden, oder umgekehrt.By using two catalysts, it is possible to work completely continuously. While one of the catalysts is adsorbing NO x , the other can be regenerated by heating using the small burner, or vice versa.

Claims (2)

1. Verfahren zur Regenerierung eines NOx-Speicherkatalysators, bei dem NOx in einer ersten Phase dem Abgas durch Adsorption an ein Speicher­ medium entzogen wird und bei dem in einer zweiter Phase das NOx durch Aufheizen des Speichermediums wieder freigesetzt und durch Reduktion zu N₂ unschädlich gemacht wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Aufheizen durch einen Brenner erfolgt, und daß dieser Brenner zum Zwecke der Reduk­ tion mit einem Luftverhältnis λ ≦ 1 betrieben wird.1. A method for the regeneration of a NO x storage catalyst, in which NO x is removed from the exhaust gas by adsorption in a storage medium in a first phase and in which the NO x is released again in a second phase by heating the storage medium and by reduction to N₂ is rendered harmless, characterized in that the heating is carried out by a burner, and that this burner is operated for the purpose of reduction with an air ratio λ ≦ 1. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwei Katalysatoren vorgesehen sind, so daß das Abgas wahlweise dem einen, oder dem anderen Katalysator zugeführt werden kann, derart, daß ein erster Katalysator der Absorption dient, während ein zweiter Katalysator mit dem Brenner regeneriert wird, oder umgekehrt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that two catalysts are provided so that the exhaust gas either one or the other Catalyst can be supplied such that a first catalyst Absorption is used while a second catalyst regenerates with the burner or vice versa.
DE1996104318 1996-02-07 1996-02-07 Regenerating nitrogen dioxide adsorption catalyst Withdrawn DE19604318A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1996104318 DE19604318A1 (en) 1996-02-07 1996-02-07 Regenerating nitrogen dioxide adsorption catalyst

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1996104318 DE19604318A1 (en) 1996-02-07 1996-02-07 Regenerating nitrogen dioxide adsorption catalyst

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE19604318A1 true DE19604318A1 (en) 1997-08-14

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Family Applications (1)

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DE (1) DE19604318A1 (en)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1013904A2 (en) * 1998-12-22 2000-06-28 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Internal combustion engine having lean NOx catalyst
US7025810B2 (en) 2004-01-13 2006-04-11 Arvin Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for shutting down a fuel-fired burner of an emission abatement assembly
US7118613B2 (en) 2004-01-13 2006-10-10 Arvin Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for cooling the components of a control unit of an emission abatement assembly
EP1710409A1 (en) * 2004-01-21 2006-10-11 Yanmar Co., Ltd. Exhaust gas purifier and method of control therefor
US7243489B2 (en) 2004-01-13 2007-07-17 Arvin Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for monitoring engine performance as a function of soot accumulation in a filter
US7581389B2 (en) 2004-01-13 2009-09-01 Emcon Technologies Llc Method and apparatus for monitoring ash accumulation in a particulate filter of an emission abatement assembly
US7628011B2 (en) 2004-01-13 2009-12-08 Emcon Technologies Llc Emission abatement assembly and method of operating the same
US7685811B2 (en) 2004-01-13 2010-03-30 Emcon Technologies Llc Method and apparatus for controlling a fuel-fired burner of an emission abatement assembly
US7908847B2 (en) 2004-01-13 2011-03-22 Emcon Technologies Llc Method and apparatus for starting up a fuel-fired burner of an emission abatement assembly
US8641411B2 (en) 2004-01-13 2014-02-04 Faureua Emissions Control Technologies, USA, LLC Method and apparatus for directing exhaust gas through a fuel-fired burner of an emission abatement assembly
US8789363B2 (en) 2007-06-13 2014-07-29 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Usa, Llc Emission abatement assembly having a mixing baffle and associated method

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3534845A1 (en) * 1985-09-30 1987-04-02 Kraftwerk Union Ag Process for reducing nitrogen oxides in the flue gas stream of a steam generator and steam generator in particular for this process
EP0161470B1 (en) * 1984-04-05 1988-07-20 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for eliminating undesirable gaseous substances from fumes
DE3917983A1 (en) * 1989-06-02 1990-12-06 Gaswaerme Inst Ev Removing nitrogen oxide(s) from flue gases - by incorporating redn. gas and catalytically reducing
EP0503882A1 (en) * 1991-03-13 1992-09-16 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust gas purification system for an internal combustion engine
EP0540280A1 (en) * 1991-10-29 1993-05-05 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Nitrogen oxides decreasing apparatus for internal combustion engine
EP0581279A2 (en) * 1992-07-30 1994-02-02 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha An exhaust gas purification device for an engine
EP0582917A1 (en) * 1992-08-04 1994-02-16 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha An exhaust gas purification device for an engine
DE4404617A1 (en) * 1994-02-14 1995-08-17 Daimler Benz Ag Selective nitrogen oxide reduction in exhaust gas

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0161470B1 (en) * 1984-04-05 1988-07-20 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for eliminating undesirable gaseous substances from fumes
DE3534845A1 (en) * 1985-09-30 1987-04-02 Kraftwerk Union Ag Process for reducing nitrogen oxides in the flue gas stream of a steam generator and steam generator in particular for this process
DE3917983A1 (en) * 1989-06-02 1990-12-06 Gaswaerme Inst Ev Removing nitrogen oxide(s) from flue gases - by incorporating redn. gas and catalytically reducing
EP0503882A1 (en) * 1991-03-13 1992-09-16 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust gas purification system for an internal combustion engine
EP0540280A1 (en) * 1991-10-29 1993-05-05 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Nitrogen oxides decreasing apparatus for internal combustion engine
EP0581279A2 (en) * 1992-07-30 1994-02-02 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha An exhaust gas purification device for an engine
EP0582917A1 (en) * 1992-08-04 1994-02-16 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha An exhaust gas purification device for an engine
DE4404617A1 (en) * 1994-02-14 1995-08-17 Daimler Benz Ag Selective nitrogen oxide reduction in exhaust gas

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1013904A2 (en) * 1998-12-22 2000-06-28 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Internal combustion engine having lean NOx catalyst
EP1013904A3 (en) * 1998-12-22 2001-12-12 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Internal combustion engine having lean NOx catalyst
US7581389B2 (en) 2004-01-13 2009-09-01 Emcon Technologies Llc Method and apparatus for monitoring ash accumulation in a particulate filter of an emission abatement assembly
US7118613B2 (en) 2004-01-13 2006-10-10 Arvin Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for cooling the components of a control unit of an emission abatement assembly
US7243489B2 (en) 2004-01-13 2007-07-17 Arvin Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for monitoring engine performance as a function of soot accumulation in a filter
US7025810B2 (en) 2004-01-13 2006-04-11 Arvin Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for shutting down a fuel-fired burner of an emission abatement assembly
US7628011B2 (en) 2004-01-13 2009-12-08 Emcon Technologies Llc Emission abatement assembly and method of operating the same
US7685811B2 (en) 2004-01-13 2010-03-30 Emcon Technologies Llc Method and apparatus for controlling a fuel-fired burner of an emission abatement assembly
US7908847B2 (en) 2004-01-13 2011-03-22 Emcon Technologies Llc Method and apparatus for starting up a fuel-fired burner of an emission abatement assembly
US8641411B2 (en) 2004-01-13 2014-02-04 Faureua Emissions Control Technologies, USA, LLC Method and apparatus for directing exhaust gas through a fuel-fired burner of an emission abatement assembly
EP1710409A1 (en) * 2004-01-21 2006-10-11 Yanmar Co., Ltd. Exhaust gas purifier and method of control therefor
EP1710409A4 (en) * 2004-01-21 2010-09-29 Yanmar Co Ltd Exhaust gas purifier and method of control therefor
US8789363B2 (en) 2007-06-13 2014-07-29 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Usa, Llc Emission abatement assembly having a mixing baffle and associated method
US9328640B2 (en) 2007-06-13 2016-05-03 Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Usa, Llc Emission abatement assembly having a mixing baffle and associated method

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