DE19545291A1 - Spiral field detector computer tomography - Google Patents
Spiral field detector computer tomographyInfo
- Publication number
- DE19545291A1 DE19545291A1 DE19545291A DE19545291A DE19545291A1 DE 19545291 A1 DE19545291 A1 DE 19545291A1 DE 19545291 A DE19545291 A DE 19545291A DE 19545291 A DE19545291 A DE 19545291A DE 19545291 A1 DE19545291 A1 DE 19545291A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- detector
- field
- spiral
- enables
- field detector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013481 data capture Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000002872 contrast media Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002583 angiography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002594 fluoroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/02—Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/03—Computed tomography [CT]
- A61B6/032—Transmission computed tomography [CT]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/02—Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/027—Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis characterised by the use of a particular data acquisition trajectory, e.g. helical or spiral
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die erste Generation von Computertomographen erstellte eine Schnittbildprojektion durch Erzeugung einer Projektionszeile mit schrittweiser Verschiebung eines Detektorelementes tan gential zum Untersuchungsobjekt. Das Röhren-Detektorsytem wurde anschließend um ein de finiertes Winkelinkrement rotiert uns so sukzessive eine Serie von Projektionsprofilen erzeugt (sog. Translations-Rotationsscanner).The first generation of computer tomographs created a slice projection Generation of a projection line with gradual displacement of a detector element tan potential for the object under investigation. The tube detector system was then expanded by a de Finished angular increment rotates us successively a series of projection profiles (so-called translational rotation scanner).
Die 2. Generation verwendete statt eines Einzelelementes eine Detektorzeile (Mehrelement Translations-Rotationsscanner), die dritte Gerätegeneration wies eine feste Kombination von Röhre und fächerförmigem Detektor auf, die um den Patienten rotiert wurde. Hierdurch wur den Zykluszeiten von ca. 9 s bei einer Akquisitionszeit von minimal ca. 4 s möglich.Instead of a single element, the 2nd generation used a detector line (multi-element Translations-Rotationsscanner), the third generation of devices showed a fixed combination of Tube and fan-shaped detector, which was rotated around the patient. As a result the cycle times of approx. 9 s are possible with an acquisition time of at least approx. 4 s.
Durch eine kontinuierliche Bewegung des Patienten während der Datenaufnahme kann eine wendelförmige Abtastgeometrie erzeugt werden, die eine Erfassung eines Organvolumens in wenigen Sekunden ermöglicht (W. Kalender et al., Radiology 1989). Diese sog. Spiral-CT stellt derzeit den aktuellen Stand der Technik dar.Continuous movement of the patient during data acquisition can cause a helical scanning geometry can be generated, the detection of an organ volume in enables a few seconds (W. Kalender et al., Radiology 1989). This so-called spiral CT provides currently represents the current state of the art.
Die Verwendung eines feldförmigen Strahlendetektors wurde bereits beschrieben (R.E. Sturm et al., Cardiovascular Imaging and image processing, theory and practice, Vol. 72, 1975, 103-122; G 295 03 278.2; P 27 26 635.9-35; US-Patent Nr. 52 93 312, 53 55 309, 53 90 112). Pro blematisch war in der technischen Realisierung jedoch die Dynamik der Detektoren sowie de ren Größe, die eine räumlich hochaufgelöste und ausreichend empfindliche Detektorkonstruk tion verhinderte.The use of a field-shaped radiation detector has already been described (R.E. Sturm et al., Cardiovascular Imaging and image processing, theory and practice, vol. 72, 1975, 103-122; G 295 03 278.2; P 27 26 635.9-35; U.S. Patent No. 52 93 312, 53 55 309, 53 90 112). Per However, the dynamics of the detectors as well as de ren size, which is a spatially high-resolution and sufficiently sensitive detector construction tion prevented.
In den letzten Jahren ist durch die Etablierung von Halbleiterdetektoren die Steigerung der Empfindlichkeit von Röntgendetektoren möglich geworden. Hierdurch konnte z. B. eine Spiral-CT Konfiguration mit zwei Detektorbahnen realisiert werden. Durch geeignete Detektorkonfi gurationen kann nun eine primär dreidimensionale (volumetrische) Datenerfassung erfolgen. In recent years, the establishment of semiconductor detectors has increased the Sensitivity of X-ray detectors has become possible. This could, for. B. a spiral CT Configuration with two detector tracks can be realized. By suitable detector confi gurations, a three-dimensional (volumetric) data acquisition is now possible.
Durch die Erfindung soll erreicht werden, daßThe invention is intended to achieve that
- 1. durch Kombination des Felddetektors mit einer Translationseinrichtung (Spiral-CT)1. by combining the field detector with a translation device (spiral CT)
- a) der untersuchte Bereich vergrößert und/odera) the examined area is enlarged and / or
- b) die räumliche Auflösung erhöht wird.b) the spatial resolution is increased.
- Hierdurch wird ein Felddetektor-Spiral-CT ermöglicht.This enables a field detector spiral CT.
- 2. durch Fourier-Transformation der Bilddaten eine selektive Neuerfassung von Dichteände rungen (niedrige Ortsfrequenz) mit reduzierter Strahlenbelastung ermöglicht wird. Hierdurch kann die dynamische Dichteänderung von Organvolumina nach Kontrastmittelgabe mit gerin ger Dosisbelastung gemessen werden.2. by Fourier transformation of the image data, a selective re-acquisition of density levels stations (low spatial frequency) with reduced radiation exposure. Hereby the dynamic change in density of organ volumes after administration of contrast medium can be reduced low dose exposure can be measured.
- 3. durch Projektion der volumetrischen Schnittbilddaten die Erzeugung eines virtuellen Rönt genprojektionsbildes ermöglicht wird. Hierdurch ist die Kombination eines Schnittbild-(CT)-ge rätes mit einem Röntgengerät (Durchleuchtung, Angiographie) möglich.3. the generation of a virtual X-ray by projection of the volumetric slice image data projection map is made possible. This is the combination of a sectional image (CT) ge advisable with an X-ray machine (fluoroscopy, angiography).
- 4. die Erfassung eines Körpervolumens in einer einzelnen Detektor-/Röhrenrotation ermöglicht wird.4. enables the detection of a body volume in a single detector / tube rotation becomes.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend in den Ausführungsbeispielen sowie den zugehörigen Figurenbeispielen erläutert:The invention is described below in the exemplary embodiments and the associated ones Figure examples explained:
Fig. 1 Eine Röntgenröhre (1) wird mit einem feldförmigen Röntgendetektor (2) gekoppelt. Diese Einheit wird während der Aufnahme um den Patienten rotiert. Fig. 1 An X-ray tube ( 1 ) is coupled to a field-shaped X-ray detector ( 2 ). This unit is rotated around the patient during the admission.
Fig. 2 In Abhängigkeit von der Expositionsgeometrie kann die Größe des einzelnen Detektor feldes (1, 2) durch Zu- oder Abschalten von Detektorelementen variabel festgelegt werde, wo bei in aller Regel eine kleinere Feldgröße in den zentralen Detektorfeldanteilen vorliegt. Fig. 2 Depending on the exposure geometry, the size of the individual detector field ( 1 , 2 ) can be variably determined by switching detector elements on or off, where there is usually a smaller field size in the central detector field components.
Fig. 3 Ein konventionelles computertomographisches Schnittbild kann durch Addition mehre rer Detektorelementzeilen (1) erzeugt werden, wobei die Schichtdicke vom gewünschten Ver hältnis zwischen verwendeter Dosis und Auflösung bestimmt ist. Fig. 3 A conventional computed tomography sectional image can be generated by adding several detector element rows ( 1 ), the layer thickness being determined by the desired ratio between the dose used and the resolution.
Fig. 4 Durch die Verschiebung des Patienten (1) während der Datenaufnahme kann das unter suchte Volumen und/oder die räumliche Auflösung im Untersuchungsbereich erhöht werden. Fig. 4 By moving the patient ( 1 ) during the data acquisition, the volume examined and / or the spatial resolution in the examination area can be increased.
Fig. 5 Durch 2-dimensionale Fouriertransformation kann das Schnittbildvolumen vom Orts raum in den Frequenzraum (k-Raum) transferiert werden. Hierdurch wird eine selektive Neu bestimmung der Röntgendichteverteilung (1, zentrale k-Raumanteile) bei Erhaltung der Kon turinformation (2, periphere k-Raumanteile) möglich. Fig. 5 By 2-dimensional Fourier transformation, the slice image volume can be transferred from the spatial area to the frequency space (k-space). This enables a selective redetermination of the X-ray density distribution ( 1 , central k-space components) while maintaining the contour information ( 2 , peripheral k-space components).
Zur Bestimmung des Kontrastmittelanreicherungsverhaltens in einem interessierenden Organ volumen über die Zeit kann eine initiale Akquisition mit höherer Dosis, gefolgt von Rotationen mit niedrigerer Dosis erfolgen. Die Ortsinformation (periphere k-Raumanteile) wird durch die initiale Rotation erzeugt, während die folgenden Rotationen lediglich die Änderung der Dichte (zentrale k-Raumanteile) beeinflussen.To determine the contrast agent enrichment behavior in an organ of interest Volume over time can be an initial acquisition with a higher dose, followed by rotations with a lower dose. The location information (peripheral k-space components) is given by the initial rotation produces, while subsequent rotations only change the density (central k-space components) influence.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19545291A DE19545291A1 (en) | 1995-02-27 | 1995-12-05 | Spiral field detector computer tomography |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE29503278 | 1995-02-27 | ||
DE29515454U DE29515454U1 (en) | 1995-02-27 | 1995-09-19 | Spiral field detector computer tomograph |
DE19545291A DE19545291A1 (en) | 1995-02-27 | 1995-12-05 | Spiral field detector computer tomography |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE19545291A1 true DE19545291A1 (en) | 1996-08-29 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE19545291A Ceased DE19545291A1 (en) | 1995-02-27 | 1995-12-05 | Spiral field detector computer tomography |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104254786A (en) * | 2011-10-03 | 2014-12-31 | Fei公司 | A computed tomography imaging process and system |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2005955A (en) * | 1977-10-11 | 1979-04-25 | Philips Nv | Device for determining local absorption values in a body section and an array of detectors for such a device |
DE4218637C1 (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 1993-11-04 | Siemens Ag | Computer tomography appts. providing real-time display - combines each real-time shadow image with conventional shadow image obtained initially |
DE4223430C1 (en) * | 1992-06-24 | 1993-11-11 | Siemens Ag | Computer tomograph with means for displaying silhouettes |
US5355309A (en) * | 1992-12-30 | 1994-10-11 | General Electric Company | Cone beam spotlight imaging using multi-resolution area detector |
DE4438988A1 (en) * | 1993-11-08 | 1995-05-11 | Gen Electric | Projection-region reconstruction method for a helically sampling computer tomography device with a multigap detector field which uses overlapping beams |
-
1995
- 1995-12-05 DE DE19545291A patent/DE19545291A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2005955A (en) * | 1977-10-11 | 1979-04-25 | Philips Nv | Device for determining local absorption values in a body section and an array of detectors for such a device |
DE4218637C1 (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 1993-11-04 | Siemens Ag | Computer tomography appts. providing real-time display - combines each real-time shadow image with conventional shadow image obtained initially |
DE4223430C1 (en) * | 1992-06-24 | 1993-11-11 | Siemens Ag | Computer tomograph with means for displaying silhouettes |
US5355309A (en) * | 1992-12-30 | 1994-10-11 | General Electric Company | Cone beam spotlight imaging using multi-resolution area detector |
DE4438988A1 (en) * | 1993-11-08 | 1995-05-11 | Gen Electric | Projection-region reconstruction method for a helically sampling computer tomography device with a multigap detector field which uses overlapping beams |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
MÜLLER, G., Dr.-Ing.: Die Fouriertransformation in der Bildverarbeitung, Elektronik 3/2.2.1990, S. 50, 55-59 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104254786A (en) * | 2011-10-03 | 2014-12-31 | Fei公司 | A computed tomography imaging process and system |
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