DE19537103A1 - Redundant fiber optic network - Google Patents

Redundant fiber optic network

Info

Publication number
DE19537103A1
DE19537103A1 DE19537103A DE19537103A DE19537103A1 DE 19537103 A1 DE19537103 A1 DE 19537103A1 DE 19537103 A DE19537103 A DE 19537103A DE 19537103 A DE19537103 A DE 19537103A DE 19537103 A1 DE19537103 A1 DE 19537103A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
optical fiber
switches
star
fiber network
ring line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19537103A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Friedrich-Christian Di Tischer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority to DE19537103A priority Critical patent/DE19537103A1/en
Priority to PCT/DE1996/001686 priority patent/WO1997013291A1/en
Priority to BR9610728A priority patent/BR9610728A/en
Priority to EP96938925A priority patent/EP0853829A1/en
Publication of DE19537103A1 publication Critical patent/DE19537103A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0287Protection in WDM systems
    • H04J14/0289Optical multiplex section protection
    • H04J14/0291Shared protection at the optical multiplex section (1:1, n:m)
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2589Bidirectional transmission
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/27Arrangements for networking
    • H04B10/271Combination of different networks, e.g. star and ring configuration in the same network or two ring networks interconnected
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/27Arrangements for networking
    • H04B10/272Star-type networks or tree-type networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/27Arrangements for networking
    • H04B10/275Ring-type networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q11/00Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062Network aspects
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q11/00Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/04Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems for time-division multiplexing
    • H04Q11/0428Integrated services digital network, i.e. systems for transmission of different types of digitised signals, e.g. speech, data, telecentral, television signals
    • H04Q11/0478Provisions for broadband connections
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0278WDM optical network architectures
    • H04J14/0282WDM tree architectures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0278WDM optical network architectures
    • H04J14/0283WDM ring architectures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J2203/00Aspects of optical multiplex systems other than those covered by H04J14/05 and H04J14/07
    • H04J2203/0001Provisions for broadband connections in integrated services digital network using frames of the Optical Transport Network [OTN] or using synchronous transfer mode [STM], e.g. SONET, SDH
    • H04J2203/0028Local loop
    • H04J2203/0039Topology
    • H04J2203/0041Star, e.g. cross-connect, concentrator, subscriber group equipment, remote electronics
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J2203/00Aspects of optical multiplex systems other than those covered by H04J14/05 and H04J14/07
    • H04J2203/0001Provisions for broadband connections in integrated services digital network using frames of the Optical Transport Network [OTN] or using synchronous transfer mode [STM], e.g. SONET, SDH
    • H04J2203/0028Local loop
    • H04J2203/0039Topology
    • H04J2203/0042Ring
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J2203/00Aspects of optical multiplex systems other than those covered by H04J14/05 and H04J14/07
    • H04J2203/0001Provisions for broadband connections in integrated services digital network using frames of the Optical Transport Network [OTN] or using synchronous transfer mode [STM], e.g. SONET, SDH
    • H04J2203/0057Operations, administration and maintenance [OAM]
    • H04J2203/006Fault tolerance and recovery
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q11/00Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062Network aspects
    • H04Q11/0071Provisions for the electrical-optical layer interface
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q11/00Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005Switch and router aspects
    • H04Q2011/0037Operation
    • H04Q2011/0043Fault tolerance
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q11/00Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0079Operation or maintenance aspects
    • H04Q2011/0081Fault tolerance; Redundancy; Recovery; Reconfigurability
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q11/00Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/009Topology aspects
    • H04Q2011/0092Ring
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q11/00Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/009Topology aspects
    • H04Q2011/0094Star
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04QSELECTING
    • H04Q11/00Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/009Topology aspects
    • H04Q2011/0096Tree

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)

Abstract

The proposed redundant optical waveguide network has a central unit (Z) from which optical radial lines (U1-U3) radiate out to intermediate or terminal devices (D1-D3). For backup purposes, an additional ring line with bi-directional capability is provided and runs from the central unit (Z) via the intermediate or terminal devices (D1-D3) and back to the central unit. The intermediate and terminal devices can be connected to the ring line via bi-directional junction points. The ring line can be used continuously even for less important traffic provided that the radial lines are intact, and can be reserved for use as a backup path only when the need arises.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von der Gattung, wie im unabhängigen Anspruch 1 angegeben. Ein solches Lichtwellenleiter-Netz ist bekannt aus der DE 43 18 732 A1.The invention is based on the genus, as in the independent Claim 1 specified. Such an optical fiber network is known from DE 43 18 732 A1.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Bei den im Anspruch 1 erwähnten Zwischen- oder Endgeräten kann es sich z. B. um dezentrale Knoten mit Demultiplex-, Multiplex- oder Konzentratorfunktion oder auch um die Eingangsschaltung eines Teilnehmergerätes handeln. Das erfindungsgemäße Lichtwellenleiter-Netz bietet neue Möglichkeiten der Ersatzschaltung für ein Teilnehmer-Anschlußnetz mit Hilfe einer bidirektional betreibbaren Ringleitung.In the intermediate or terminal devices mentioned in claim 1 can it be z. B. decentralized nodes with demultiplexing, Multiplex or concentrator function or around that Act input circuit of a subscriber device. The Optical fiber network according to the invention offers new Possibilities of the equivalent circuit for a subscriber access network with the help of a bidirectional operable Loop.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung gezeigt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es ist dargestellt inAn embodiment of the invention is in the drawing shown and in the following description explained. It is shown in

Fig. 1: Ein Teil eines Lichtwellenleiter-Netzes nach der Erfindung; Fig. 1: Part of an optical fiber network according to the invention;

Fig. 2: Eine erste Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeit eines Zwischen- oder Endgerätes und Fig. 2: A first embodiment of an intermediate or terminal and

Fig. 3: Eine zweite Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeit. Fig. 3: A second design option.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

In Fig. 1 stellen dar:
Z: Eine Zentrale mit Verteil- oder Knotenfunktion;
D1 bis D3: Zwischen- oder Endgeräte in einem Sternnetz;
U1 bis U3: Optische Sternleitungen zwischen der Zentrale Z und jeweils einem der Zwischen- oder Endgeräte D1 bis D3;
T11 . . . T1n, T21 . . . T2n, T31 . . . T3n: Weiterführende optische Leitungen im Sternnetz von jeweils einem der Zwischen- oder Endgeräte D1, D2 beziehungsweise D3 zu Teilnehmereinrichtungen;
R: Eine bidirektional betreibbare Ringleitung auf der selben Netzebene wie die Sternleitungen U1 bis U3;
S1, S2: Gegensinnig steuerbare Schalter zum Verbinden der Ringleitung R mit der Zentrale Z;
K1 bis K3: Bidirektionale Verzweigungspunkte (bevorzugt in Gestalt optischer Konferenzgabeln) in der Ringleitung R;
A1 bis A3: Verbindungsleitungen zwischen jeweils einem Verzweigungspunkt und einem Zwischen- oder Endgerät.
. Constitute in Figure 1 represent:
Z: A center with a distribution or node function;
D1 to D3: intermediate or terminal devices in a star network;
U1 to U3: optical star lines between the control center Z and one of the intermediate or terminal devices D1 to D3;
T11. . . T1n, T21. . . T2n, T31. . . T3n: further optical lines in the star network from one of the intermediate or terminal devices D1, D2 or D3 to subscriber devices;
R: A bidirectionally operable ring line on the same network level as the star lines U1 to U3;
S1, S2: Oppositely controllable switches for connecting the ring line R to the center Z;
K1 to K3: bidirectional branching points (preferably in the form of optical conference forks) in the ring line R;
A1 to A3: connecting lines between a branch point and an intermediate or terminal device.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Gestaltungsmöglichkeit eines Zwischen- oder Endgerätes D′, das sowohl an eine Sternleitung U als auch an eine Verbindungsleitung A angeschlossen ist. Zur Umschaltung zwischen diesen beiden Leitungen dient ein optischer Umschalter UO, dem ein opto-elektrischer Wandler W folgt. Fig. 2 shows a design option of an intermediate or terminal D ', which is connected to both a star line U and a connecting line A. An optical switch UO, which is followed by an opto-electrical converter W, is used to switch between these two lines.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine Gestaltungsmöglichkeit eines alternativen Zwischen- oder Endgerätes D′′, bei dem zunächst über opto­ elektronische Wandler WU beziehungsweise WA elektrische Signale erzeugt werden, zwischen denen durch einen elektrischen Umschalter UE umgeschaltet werden kann. Fig. 3 shows a design option of an alternative intermediate or terminal D '', in which electrical signals are first generated via opto-electronic converter WU or WA, between which can be switched by an electrical switch UE.

Alle Verbindungen in den Figuren sind nur in einer Übertragungsrichtung (von der Zentrale zu den Teilnehmereinrichtungen) dargestellt, jedoch in Wirklichkeit bidirektional zu betrachten, wobei die Übertragung entweder auf einem gemeinsamen oder zwei getrennten Lichtwellenleitern erfolgen kann.All connections in the figures are only in one Direction of transmission (from headquarters to Subscriber facilities), but in reality to be considered bidirectionally, with either transmission on a common or two separate Optical fibers can be made.

Jedes der dargestellten Zwischen- oder Endgeräte, zum Beispiel Demultiplexer STM-4, ist auf zweierlei Weise an die Zentrale Z anschließbar. Die normale Verbindung verläuft sternförmig über die Sternleitungen U1 bis U3. Darüberhinaus gibt es noch einen zweiten, bedarfsweise aktivierbaren Übertragungsweg, der über eine an die Zentrale Z angeschlossene, für alle Zwischen- oder Endgeräte D1 bis D3 gemeinsame Ringleitung R führt, die in räumlicher Nähe zu allen Zwischen- oder Endgeräten der selben Netzebene des gesamten Lichtwellenleiter-Netzes verlaufen sollte. Die Ringleitung kann über die gegensinnig gesteuerten Schalter 51, 52 bezüglich der Übertragungsrichtung entweder im Uhrzeigersinn oder umgekehrt betrieben werden.Each of the intermediate or terminal devices shown, for example demultiplexer STM-4, can be connected to the control center Z in two ways. The normal connection runs in a star shape over the star lines U1 to U3. In addition, there is a second transmission path that can be activated as required, which leads via a ring line R connected to the central station Z and common to all intermediate or terminal devices D1 to D3, which is in spatial proximity to all intermediate or terminal devices of the same network level of the entire optical waveguide Network should run. The ring line can be operated via the counter-controlled switches 51 , 52 with respect to the direction of transmission either clockwise or vice versa.

Die Anschaltung der Zwischen- oder Endgeräte D1 bis D3 an die Ringleitung R erfolgt mittels optischer Konferenzgabeln K1 bis K3, welche gleichrangigen Verkehr zwischen (d. h. von beziehungsweise zu) drei Toren erlauben und die aus einer Zusammenschaltung dreier symmetrischer Gabeln bestehen. Die Ringleitung R wird nur im Bedarfsfalle aktiviert, d. h. einer der Schalter S1, S2 wird nur dann geschlossen, wenn eine der Sternleitungen U1 bis U3 unterbrochen ist. Die Ringleitung R kann aber auch dauernd für weniger wichtigen Verkehr zum Beispiel auf einer eigenen Wellenlänge benutzt werden, solange die Sternleitungen noch intakt sind, und nur im Bedarfsfalle als Ersatzweg benutzt werden.The connection of the intermediate or terminal devices D1 to D3 the ring line R takes place by means of optical conference forks K1 to K3, which rank traffic between (i.e. from allow three gates and one from one Interconnection of three symmetrical forks exist. The Ring line R is only activated when needed, i.e. H. one the switch S1, S2 is only closed when one of the Star lines U1 to U3 is interrupted. The ring line R can also be used continuously for less important traffic Example are used on their own wavelength,  as long as the star lines are still intact, and only in If necessary, traps can be used as an alternative route.

Die Ringleitung R bietet eine Mehrwege-Ersatzschaltungsmöglichkeit für alle Zwischen- oder Endgeräte D1 bis D3. Durch die Möglichkeit des Betriebes im Uhrzeigersinn und im entgegengesetzten Sinn ist eine zusätzliche Redundanz erreicht, da auch eine Unterbrechung der Ringleitung selbst miterfaßt wird.The ring line R offers a multi-way equivalent circuit for any intermediate or Terminal devices D1 to D3. Due to the possibility of operating in Clockwise and in the opposite sense is one additional redundancy achieved because of an interruption the loop itself is included.

Claims (7)

1. Lichtwellenleiter-Netz mit einer optischen Ringleitung (R), die über wenigstens einen ersten Schalter (S1, S2) an eine Zentrale (Z) anschaltbar und über bidirektionale Verzweigungspunkte (K1 bis K3) und zweite Schalter (UO, UE) mit über andere Leitungen des Lichtwellenleiter-Netzes angeschlossenen Geräten verbindbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die anderen Leitungen optische Sternleitungen (U1 bis U3) sind, die sternförmig von der Zentralen (Z) mit Verteil- oder Knotenfunktion ausgehen und Teil eines Sternnetzes sind, bei dem zwischen Zentrale (Z) und Teilnehmereinrichtungen Zwischen- oder Endgeräte (D1 bis D3) geschaltet sind, und daß die zweiten Schalter Umschalter (UO, UE) sind und an jeder Sternleitung (U1 bis U3) jeweils ein Zwischen- oder Endgerät (D1 bis D3) über einen dieser Umschalter (UO, UE) wahlweise an die Sternleitung oder an einen der Verzweigungspunkte (K1 bis K3) in der Ringleitung (R) anschaltbar ist.1. Optical fiber network with an optical ring line (R), which can be connected to a center (Z) via at least a first switch (S1, S2) and via bidirectional branching points (K1 to K3) and second switches (UO, UE) with via other lines of the fiber optic network connected devices can be connected, characterized in that the other lines are optical star lines (U1 to U3), which emanate from the center (Z) with a distribution or node function and are part of a star network, in which between Central (Z) and subscriber devices, intermediate or terminal devices (D1 to D3) are connected, and that the second switches are changeover switches (UO, UE) and an intermediate or terminal device (D1 to D3) on each star line (U1 to U3) One of these switches (UO, UE) can be connected to either the star line or to one of the branch points (K1 to K3) in the ring line (R). 2. Lichtwellenleiter-Netz nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ringleitung für weniger wichtigen Verkehr benutzt wird, solange die Sternleitungen noch intakt sind, und nur im Bedarfsfalle als Ersatzweg benutzbar ist. 2. Optical fiber network according to claim 1, characterized characterized that the ring line for less important Traffic is used as long as the star lines are still intact are, and can only be used as an alternative if necessary.   3. Lichtwellenleiter-Netz nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zwischengeräte Konzentratorfunktion haben.3. Optical fiber network according to claim 1 or 2, characterized characterized in that the intermediate concentrator function to have. 4. Lichtwellenleiter-Netz nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zwischen- oder Endgeräte (D1 bis D3) Multiplexer bzw. Demultiplexer sind.4. Optical fiber network according to claim 1 or 2, characterized characterized in that the intermediate or terminal devices (D1 to D3) Are multiplexers or demultiplexers. 5. Lichtwellenleiter-Netz nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Endgeräte unmittelbar Teilnehmerendgeräte sind.5. Optical fiber network according to claim 1 or 2, characterized characterized in that the terminals immediately Participant terminals are. 6. Lichtwellenleiter-Netz nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens einer der Umschalter, die jeweils zwischen dem Netz und einem opto- elektrischen Wandler (W) eines Zwischen- oder Endgerätes (D1 bis D3) angeordnet sind, ein optischer Umschalter (UO) ist.6. Optical fiber network according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that at least one of the Switches, each between the network and an opto- electrical converter (W) of an intermediate or terminal device (D1 to D3) are arranged, an optical switch (UO). 7. Lichtwellenleiter-Netz nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens einer der Umschalter, die jeweils zwischen einerseits zwei opto- elektrischen Wandlern (WU, WA) eines Zwischen- oder Endgerätes (D1 bis D3) und andererseits teilnehmerseitigen Einrichtungen angeordnet sind, ein elektrischer Umschalter (UE) ist.7. Optical fiber network according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that at least one of the Switches, each between two opto- electrical converters (WU, WA) of an intermediate or Terminal (D1 to D3) and on the other hand subscriber side Devices are arranged, an electrical switch (UE) is.
DE19537103A 1995-10-05 1995-10-05 Redundant fiber optic network Withdrawn DE19537103A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19537103A DE19537103A1 (en) 1995-10-05 1995-10-05 Redundant fiber optic network
PCT/DE1996/001686 WO1997013291A1 (en) 1995-10-05 1996-09-09 Redundant optical waveguide network
BR9610728A BR9610728A (en) 1995-10-05 1996-09-09 Redundant network of light wave conductors
EP96938925A EP0853829A1 (en) 1995-10-05 1996-09-09 Redundant optical waveguide network

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19537103A DE19537103A1 (en) 1995-10-05 1995-10-05 Redundant fiber optic network

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE19537103A1 true DE19537103A1 (en) 1997-04-10

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DE19537103A Withdrawn DE19537103A1 (en) 1995-10-05 1995-10-05 Redundant fiber optic network

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0853829A1 (en)
BR (1) BR9610728A (en)
DE (1) DE19537103A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1997013291A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999037050A1 (en) * 1998-01-03 1999-07-22 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Communications system with star/ring topology

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GB2327020A (en) * 1997-06-30 1999-01-06 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M A self-healing meshed network

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DE3726660A1 (en) * 1987-08-11 1989-02-23 Telefonbau & Normalzeit Gmbh Optical fibre transmission system
EP0305994A2 (en) * 1987-08-31 1989-03-08 Fujitsu Limited Data communication system having means for switching between main and stand-by apparatuses
DE3937738A1 (en) * 1989-11-13 1991-05-16 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag SUBSCRIBER CONNECTION NODE OF A DIGITAL MESSAGE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
DE4113795C1 (en) * 1991-04-25 1992-12-17 Krone Ag, 1000 Berlin, De Optical light beam distributor for fibre=optic network - has beam deflector in form of truncated equilateral pyramid between input dispensing optics and output focusing optics

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DE3422219A1 (en) * 1984-06-15 1985-12-19 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Optical data transmission system in the access network
DE3836773A1 (en) * 1988-10-28 1990-05-23 Licentia Gmbh Network access circuit
DE4318732A1 (en) * 1993-06-05 1994-12-08 Sel Alcatel Ag Optical network

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3726660A1 (en) * 1987-08-11 1989-02-23 Telefonbau & Normalzeit Gmbh Optical fibre transmission system
EP0305994A2 (en) * 1987-08-31 1989-03-08 Fujitsu Limited Data communication system having means for switching between main and stand-by apparatuses
DE3937738A1 (en) * 1989-11-13 1991-05-16 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag SUBSCRIBER CONNECTION NODE OF A DIGITAL MESSAGE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
DE4113795C1 (en) * 1991-04-25 1992-12-17 Krone Ag, 1000 Berlin, De Optical light beam distributor for fibre=optic network - has beam deflector in form of truncated equilateral pyramid between input dispensing optics and output focusing optics

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
LUTZKE,Dieter: Licht Wellenleiter Technik, Pflaum Verlag, München, 1986, S.327-331 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999037050A1 (en) * 1998-01-03 1999-07-22 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Communications system with star/ring topology

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR9610728A (en) 1999-07-13
EP0853829A1 (en) 1998-07-22
WO1997013291A1 (en) 1997-04-10

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