DE1127689B - Tools for hot pressing and drop forging of metals and alloys - Google Patents
Tools for hot pressing and drop forging of metals and alloysInfo
- Publication number
- DE1127689B DE1127689B DER29747A DER0029747A DE1127689B DE 1127689 B DE1127689 B DE 1127689B DE R29747 A DER29747 A DE R29747A DE R0029747 A DER0029747 A DE R0029747A DE 1127689 B DE1127689 B DE 1127689B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- metals
- alloys
- hot pressing
- graphite
- drop forging
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J3/00—Lubricating during forging or pressing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
- C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
- C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/242—Hot working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/243—Cold working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/247—Stainless steel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Description
Hilfsmittel zum Warmpressen und Gesenkschmieden von Metallen und Legierungen Schmier- und Treibmittel zum Warmpressen sowie Gesenkschmieden von Metallen und Legierungen sind in den verschiedensten Zusammensetzungen bekannt und werden teils gespritzt, mit einem Pinsel aufgetragen oder von Hand eingeworfen. Auf Grund der fortlaufenden Mechanisierung, die zu einer wesentlichen Erhöhung der Stückzahlen führt, rückt das Problem des Schmier- und Treibeffektes immer mehr in den Vordergrund. Der größte Teil der angewandten Mittel zeigt entweder einen guten Treibeffekt oder aber eine ausreichende Schmierwirkung. Beides zusammen wird nur in wenigen Fällen erreicht. Dadurch treten betriebliche Schwierigkeiten auf, wie niedrige Standzeiten von Matrizen bzw. Gesenken, Verringerung der Stückzahlen durch nicht ausgetriebene Schmiedestücke usw.Tools for hot pressing and drop forging of metals and alloys Lubricants and propellants for hot pressing and drop forging of metals and Alloys are known in the most varied of compositions and some are sprayed, applied with a brush or thrown in by hand. Due to the ongoing mechanization, leading to a substantial increase in unit numbers leads, the problem of the lubrication and driving effect comes more and more to the fore. Most of the means used show either a good driving effect or but a sufficient lubricating effect. Both will only work together in a few cases achieved. This leads to operational difficulties, such as short downtimes of matrices or dies, reduction of the number of pieces by not driven out Forgings etc.
Die Zusammensetzung der gebräuchlichen Mittel basiert zum größten Teil auf Graphit in fester oder kolloidaler Form, verteilt in öl oder Wasser, gegebenenfalls unter Mitverwendung von Andickungsmitteln als Schwebemittel für den in dem Schmiermittel enthaltenen Graphit. Dir, Schmier- und Treibwirkung ist weitgehend von einer gleichmäßigen Verteilung der Substanzen auf der Gesenk- bzw. Matrizenoberfläche abhängig. Der IdealfA wäre ein in seiner Schichtdicke gleichmäßiger Film, Mit den herkömmlichen Schmiermitteln ist dies jedoch praktisch nicht in allen Fällen mit Sicherheit zu erreichen, da besonders bei tiefen sowie unregelmäßigen Gravuren erhebliche Unterschiede in der Betriebstemperatur vorliegen, so daß es beim Auftragen der Schmier- und Treibmittel zu einer ungleichmäßigen Verteilung bzw. Ve,rdampfung kommt. Es bilden sich an den tiefsten Stellen Tröpfchen in verschiedenen Größen, die in unregelmäßigen Zeitabständen den Leidenfrostschen Punkt erreichen. Dadurch kann das Leidenfrostsche Phänomen für den Treibeffekt nicht voll ausgenutzt werden. Außerdem ist die Schmierwirkung nicht an allen Stellen gleichmäßig und bevorzugt immer an weniger gleichen Stellen vorhanden.The composition of the conventional agents is largely based on graphite in solid or colloidal form, distributed in oil or water, optionally with the use of thickeners as a suspension agent for the graphite contained in the lubricant. The lubricating and driving effect is largely dependent on an even distribution of the substances on the die or die surface. The idealfA would be a film that is uniform in its layer thickness. With conventional lubricants, however, this cannot be achieved with certainty in practically all cases, as there are considerable differences in the operating temperature, especially with deep and irregular engravings, so that when the lubricant and Propellant leads to uneven distribution or evaporation. Droplets of various sizes form at the deepest points and reach the Leidenfrost point at irregular intervals. As a result, the Leidenfrost phenomenon cannot be fully exploited for the driving effect. In addition, the lubricating effect is not uniform at all points and is preferably always present at less identical points.
übe,rraschencle,rweise hat sich nun ergeben, daß die gewünschte filmartige Verteilung mit der angestrebten, nahezu gleichen Schichtdicke dadurch erreicht werden kann, wenn zum Wannpressen und Gcsenkschmieden von Metallen und Legierungen gemäß der Erfindung ein auf Graphit-Mineralöl-Basis, mit Zusatz eines Netzmitt--ls bestehendes Schmiermittel Verwendung findet.practice, rraschencle, rweise has now shown that the desired film-like Distribution with the desired, almost the same layer thickness can thereby be achieved can, if for tub pressing and drop forging of metals and alloys according to the invention is based on graphite mineral oil, with the addition of a wetting agent - existing one Lubricant is used.
Die Erfindung führt gegenüber anderen Mitteln zu einer wesentlichen Verbesserung der Schmier- und Treibwirkung, die in engem Zusammenhang mit einer Erhöhung der Standzeiten und einer Erweiterung der produzierten Stückzahlen steht. Außerdem ist das Mittel mit jeder handelsüblichen Spritzvorrichtung spritzbar und kann somit auch in automatischen Spritzvorrichtungen eingesetzt werden. Durch die Verwendung eines nahezu aschefreien öles kann im übrigen der verbleibende Rückstand auf den Matrizen bzw. Gesenken auf ein Minimum herabgesetzt werden.Compared to other means, the invention leads to an essential one Improvement of the lubricating and driving effect, which is closely related to a Increase in service life and an expansion of the number of items produced. In addition, the agent can be sprayed with any commercially available spray device and can therefore also be used in automatic spray devices. Through the The remaining residue can also be removed using an almost ash-free oil on the dies or dies are reduced to a minimum.
Es ist zwar bereits bekannt, Schmiermitteln Netzmittel beizugeben. In einem Fall handelt es sich darum, ein ein Netzmittel enthaltendes Schinie-rmittel bei Textilmaschinen zu verwenden, wobei das Netzmittel die Aufgabe hat, den Reinigungsvorgang der durch das Schiniermittel verschmutzten Textilien zu erleichtern. Das Netzmittel wird somit als Waschmittel herangezogen.It is already known to add wetting agents to lubricants. In one case it is a coating agent containing a wetting agent To be used in textile machines, where the wetting agent has the task of the cleaning process of the textiles soiled by the lubricant. The wetting agent is therefore used as a detergent.
In einem anderen Fall wird einem in Wasser gekneteten Graphit ein Netzmittel zugegeben, um die spätere überführung des gebildeten kolloidalen Graphits der wasserhaltigen Graphit-Suspension in ein Öl leichter durchführen zu können. Das Netzmittel hat also hier lediglich die Aufgabe, eine innige, Vermischung des wasserhaltigen Graphits mit dem öl bewerkstelligen zu können, was ohne ein Netzmittel praktisch kaum möglich sein dürfte. Das Netzmittel hat hier somit nach der erfolgten Mischung der Stoffe seine Aufgabe erfüllt, die darin besteht, die Oberflächenspannung für die Vermischung der Stoffe herabzusetzen.In another case, a wetting agent is added to graphite kneaded in water in order to be able to carry out the later conversion of the colloidal graphite formed from the water-containing graphite suspension into an oil more easily. The only task of the wetting agent here is to be able to bring about an intimate mixing of the water-containing graphite with the oil, which is hardly possible in practice without a wetting agent. After the substances have been mixed, the wetting agent has thus fulfilled its task, which consists in reducing the surface tension for the substances being mixed.
In beiden Fällen hegt also eine ganz andere Aufgabenstellung vor wie beim Gegenstand der Erfindung, bei dem es sich darum handelt, einem zum Warmpressen und Gesenkschmieden von glühenden Metallen dienenden Schmier- und Treibmittel bessere Schmier- und Treibeigenschaften zum Lösen des Preßlings aus. der Matrize bzw. aus dem Gesenk zu verleihen, wobei dieses Mittel die Fähigkeit haben muß > auch bei höheren Drücken diese Eigenschaften in hervorragender Weise zu entwickeln.In both cases there is a completely different task than the subject matter of the invention, which is a lubricant and blowing agent used for hot pressing and drop forging of glowing metals with better lubricating and blowing properties for loosening the compact. the die or from the die, this means must have the ability > to develop these properties in an excellent way even at higher pressures.
Die Mischung des neuen Schmier- bzw. Treibmittels kann unverdünnt eingesetzt werden und bleibt in seiner Zusammensetzung, insbesondere wenn der Graphit durch ein Andickungsmittel, z. B. Caleiumstearat, in Schwebe gehalten wird, homogen. Eine besonders günstige Zusammensetzung des erfindungsgemäßen Schmier- und Treibmittels ist folgende: 151/o Graphit (gemahlen, 70 bis 751 Q in Maschinenöl (Raffinat 9, Aschegehalt etwa 0,003%, Flammpunkt etwa 2341 Q mit 0, 1 % höher oxäthyliertein ([0 C2 H419) nichtionogenem Alkylphenylpolyglykoläther als Netzmittel und 5 19/9 Calciumstearat als Schwebeinittel für den Graphit.The mixture of the new lubricant or propellant can be used undiluted and remains in its composition, especially if the graphite is thickened by a thickener, e.g. B. Caleium stearate, held in suspension, homogeneous. A particularly favorable composition of the lubricant and foaming agent according to the invention is as follows: 151 / o graphite (milled, 70-751 Q in machine oil (raffinate 9, ash content about 0.003%, flash point about 2341 Q to 0, 1% oxäthyliertein higher ([0 C2 H419) non-ionic alkylphenyl polyglycol ether as a wetting agent and 5 19/9 calcium stearate as a suspension agent for the graphite.
Der grundsätzliche Unterschied des neuen Schmier-und Treibmittels für Metalle und Legierungen gegenüber den bisher gebräuchlichen besteht in dem Zusatz eines Netzmittels, wobei die einzelnen Komponenten so abgestimmt sind, daß die Anforderungen an ein derartiges Mittel im Hinblick auf eine gleichmäßige Schmier- und Treibwirkung vollkommen erfüllt werden. Außerdem ist trotz Verwendung eines festen und nicht kolloidalen Graphits die Homogenität gewährleistet und ein reibungsloses Spritzen möglich.The fundamental difference between the new lubricant and propellant for metals and alloys, compared to the previously used ones, consists in the addition a wetting agent, the individual components being matched to meet the requirements to such a means with regard to a uniform lubricating and propelling effect to be fully fulfilled. Also, despite using a fixed and not colloidal graphite ensures homogeneity and smooth spraying possible.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DER29747A DE1127689B (en) | 1961-02-24 | 1961-02-24 | Tools for hot pressing and drop forging of metals and alloys |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DER29747A DE1127689B (en) | 1961-02-24 | 1961-02-24 | Tools for hot pressing and drop forging of metals and alloys |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1127689B true DE1127689B (en) | 1962-04-12 |
Family
ID=7403103
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DER29747A Pending DE1127689B (en) | 1961-02-24 | 1961-02-24 | Tools for hot pressing and drop forging of metals and alloys |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE1127689B (en) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR968248A (en) * | 1948-06-21 | 1950-11-22 | Process for using colloidal graphite in the cold drawing of steels with high thermal resistance and high resistance to chemical agents | |
GB773493A (en) * | 1953-05-21 | 1957-04-24 | Valerie Blumenthal | A lubricating composition and process of production thereof |
FR1147603A (en) * | 1955-04-07 | 1957-11-27 | W J And T Lambert And Company | Lubricant |
GB795957A (en) * | 1954-02-18 | 1958-06-04 | Abner Jacobson | Graphite suspension and method of making the same |
DE1072343B (en) * | 1955-04-20 | 1959-12-31 |
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1961
- 1961-02-24 DE DER29747A patent/DE1127689B/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR968248A (en) * | 1948-06-21 | 1950-11-22 | Process for using colloidal graphite in the cold drawing of steels with high thermal resistance and high resistance to chemical agents | |
GB773493A (en) * | 1953-05-21 | 1957-04-24 | Valerie Blumenthal | A lubricating composition and process of production thereof |
GB795957A (en) * | 1954-02-18 | 1958-06-04 | Abner Jacobson | Graphite suspension and method of making the same |
FR1147603A (en) * | 1955-04-07 | 1957-11-27 | W J And T Lambert And Company | Lubricant |
DE1072343B (en) * | 1955-04-20 | 1959-12-31 |
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