DE1038127B - Quartz-controlled oscillator circuit - Google Patents
Quartz-controlled oscillator circuitInfo
- Publication number
- DE1038127B DE1038127B DES50528A DES0050528A DE1038127B DE 1038127 B DE1038127 B DE 1038127B DE S50528 A DES50528 A DE S50528A DE S0050528 A DES0050528 A DE S0050528A DE 1038127 B DE1038127 B DE 1038127B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- frequency
- quartz
- controlled oscillator
- screen grid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/30—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator
- H03B5/32—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator being a piezoelectric resonator
- H03B5/34—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator being a piezoelectric resonator active element in amplifier being vacuum tube
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of oscillators covered by H03B
- H03B2200/003—Circuit elements of oscillators
- H03B2200/0048—Circuit elements of oscillators including measures to switch the frequency band, e.g. by harmonic selection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of oscillators covered by H03B
- H03B2200/003—Circuit elements of oscillators
- H03B2200/0056—Circuit elements of oscillators including a diode used for switching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B2201/00—Aspects of oscillators relating to varying the frequency of the oscillations
- H03B2201/02—Varying the frequency of the oscillations by electronic means
- H03B2201/025—Varying the frequency of the oscillations by electronic means the means being an electronic switch for switching in or out oscillator elements
- H03B2201/0258—Varying the frequency of the oscillations by electronic means the means being an electronic switch for switching in or out oscillator elements the means comprising a diode
Landscapes
- Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine quarzkontrollierte Oszillatorschaltung.The invention relates to a quartz-controlled oscillator circuit.
Um die Frequenzkonstanz, die bei belasteten Oszillatoren durch Änderungen der Wechselstromwiderstände beeinträchtigt wird, zu verbessern, war es bekannt, den frequenzerzeugenden Kreis einer Oszillatorschaltung weitgehend von rückwirkenden Einflüssen freizuhalten. Eine häufig angewendete Schaltung ist der elektronengekoppelte Oszillator, bei dem der Schwingkreis zwischen Kathode, Steuergitter und Schirmgitter einer Pentode angeordnet ist, wobei sich das Schirmgitter im allgemeinen auf Massepotential befindet. Die Hochfrequenzenergie wird über den Anodenkreis, der nicht an der Schwingungserzeugung beteiligt und durch das auf Massepotential liegende Schirmgitter abgeschirmt ist, abgenommen. Es ist auch bekannt, die Frequenzkonstanz einer solchen Schaltung durch Quarzstabilisierung weiter zu verbessern, z. B. dadurch, daß zwischen Steuergitter und Schwingkreis ein Quarz geschaltet wird.About the frequency constancy caused by changes in the alternating current resistances when the oscillators are loaded is impaired, it has been known to improve the frequency generating circuit of an oscillator circuit largely free from retroactive influences. A circuit that is often used is the electron-coupled oscillator in which the resonant circuit is between the cathode, control grid and Screen grid of a pentode is arranged, wherein the screen grid is generally at ground potential is located. The high-frequency energy is via the anode circuit, which is not involved in the generation of vibrations involved and is shielded by the screen grid lying at ground potential, removed. It is also known to further improve the frequency constancy of such a circuit through crystal stabilization, z. B. in that a crystal is connected between the control grid and the resonant circuit.
Eine solche Schaltung hat hinsichtlich der Frequenzkonstanz gewisse Nachteile, die sich insbesondere dann bemerkbar machen, wenn es sich um Oberwellenquarze handelt zur Erzeugung sehr hoher Frequenzen. Es besteht dann die Schwierigkeit, den Einfluß des phasendrehenden Oszillatorkreises auf die Quarzfrequenz möglichst klein zu halten. Außerdem wirkt sich die Gitterkathodenkapazität, die parallel zum Quarz liegt, nachteilig auf die Frequenzstabilität aus. Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, daß der Quarz beidseitig auf Schwingungspotential liegt. Das bedeutet für den Fall einer Frequenzumschaltung, ζ. B. durch Umschalten der Steuerquarze mittels Richtleiter, daß sich die Erdkapazitäten störend bemerkbar machen.Such a circuit has certain disadvantages in terms of frequency constancy, which in particular then make noticeable when it comes to harmonic crystals to generate very high Frequencies. There is then the difficulty, the influence of the phase-rotating oscillator circuit on the Keeping the quartz frequency as low as possible. It also affects the grid cathode capacitance, which is parallel to the quartz, is detrimental to the frequency stability. Another disadvantage is that the Quartz is at vibration potential on both sides. In the event of a frequency change, this means ζ. B. by switching the control crystals by means of a directional conductor that the earth capacitance is noticeable disturbing do.
Die Erfindung gibt eine Schaltung an, in der eine Beeinflussung des Steuerquarzes weitgehend vermieden wird und die außerdem die Anwendung einer vorteilhaften und sicheren Frequenzumschaltung ermöglicht, wenn die Erzeugung verschiedener Frequenzen mittels umschaltbarer Steuerquarze vorgesehen ist.The invention specifies a circuit in which influencing the control crystal is largely avoided and which also enables the use of an advantageous and safe frequency switching, if the generation of different frequencies is provided by means of switchable control crystals is.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird eine quarzkontrollierte Oszillatorschaltung mit Elektronenkopplung so ausgeführt, daß einem zwischen Steuergitter und Schirmgitter der Oszillatorröhre liegenden Schwingkreis mit einer zur Kathode führenden induktiven oder kapazitiven Anzapfung ein zwischen dem Schirmgitter und dem schirmgitterseitigen Ende des Schwingkreises angeordneter Steuerquarz in Reihe geschaltet ist, der auf einen oder mehrere andere dazu parallel liegende Steuerquarze mittels auf der Erdseite liegender steuerbarer Richtleiter frequenzumschaltbar ausgebildet ist. Dadurch ergibt sich, daß der phasendrehende Oszilla-According to the invention, a quartz-controlled oscillator circuit with electron coupling is designed in such a way that that a resonant circuit lying between the control grid and the screen grid of the oscillator tube an inductive or capacitive tap leading to the cathode between the screen grid and the screen grid-side end of the resonant circuit arranged control crystal is connected in series, the to one or more other parallel control crystals by means of controllable ones on the earth side Directional conductor is designed to be frequency-switchable. This means that the phase-rotating oscillator
Quarzkontrollierte OszillatorschaltungCrystal controlled oscillator circuit
Anmelder:Applicant:
Siemens & Halske Aktiengesellschaft,Siemens & Halske Aktiengesellschaft,
Berlin und München,
München 2, Wittelsbacherplatz 2Berlin and Munich,
Munich 2, Wittelsbacherplatz 2
Franz Edmaier, München,
ist als Erfinder genannt wordenFranz Edmaier, Munich,
has been named as the inventor
torkreis wegen der fehlenden Gittervorspannung durch die Gitter-Kathoden-Strecke der Oszillatorröhre stark gedämpft ist und eine dementsprechend breite Resonanzkurve erhält. Frequenzänderungen des Oszillatorkreises beeinflussen die Frequenzstabilität des Steuerquarzes daher nur außerordentlich wenig.gate circuit because of the lack of grid bias through the grid-cathode section of the oscillator tube is strongly damped and has a correspondingly broad resonance curve. Frequency changes of the The oscillator circuit therefore only has an extremely little effect on the frequency stability of the control crystal.
Die zum Quarz parallel liegende Kathodenschirmgitterkapazität wirkt sich, da sie durch das Steuergitter abgeschirmt ist, praktisch nicht auf die Frequenzkonstanz aus.The cathode screen grid capacitance, which is parallel to the quartz , has practically no effect on the frequency constancy because it is screened by the control grid.
Da der Quarzkreis in seiner Serienresonanz schwingt und die Impedanzen dementsprechend klein sind, da zum anderen der Quarz in die Schaltung so eingebaut ist, daß er einseitig auf Erdpotential liegt, kann die Oszillatorschaltung vorzugsweise mittels Richtleiter frequenzumschaltbar ausgebildet werden.Since the quartz circuit oscillates in its series resonance and the impedances are correspondingly small, since, on the other hand, the quartz is built into the circuit in such a way that it is at ground potential on one side, the oscillator circuit can preferably be designed to be frequency-switchable by means of a directional conductor.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der Erfindung ist in der Figur dargestellt.An embodiment according to the invention is shown in the figure.
An das Steuergitter, die Kathode und das Schirmgitter der Pentode 1 ist der frequenzbestimmende Schwingkreis 2, 3 angeschlossen. Die hier angewandte Dreipunktschaltung mit induktiver Spannungsteilung (Hartley) kann durch eine Schaltung mit kapazitiver Spannungsteilung (Colpitts) ersetzt werden. Der Anodenkreis, der nicht an der Schwingungserzeugung beteiligt ist, wohl aber durch Abstimmung des Kreises 13, 14 auf ein ganzzahliges Vielfaches der Grundfrequenz zur Frequenzvervielfachung herangezogen wird, ist durch das über den Kondensator 12 geerdete Schirmgitter gegen den der Frequenzerzeugung dienenden Teil der Pentode abgeschirmt. Zur Verbesserung der Frequenzstabilität ist zwischen dem schirmgitterseitigen Ende des Schwingkreises 2, 3, der mit einer zur Kathode führenden Anzapfung versehen ist, und dem Schirmgitter der Pentode über den Kondensator 12 ein Steuerquarz, beispielsweise 7, The frequency-determining oscillating circuit 2, 3 is connected to the control grid, the cathode and the screen grid of the pentode 1. The three-point circuit with inductive voltage division (Hartley) used here can be replaced by a circuit with capacitive voltage division (Colpitts). The anode circuit, which is not involved in the generation of vibrations, but is used to multiply the frequency by tuning the circuit 13, 14 to an integral multiple of the fundamental frequency, is shielded from the part of the pentode that is used for frequency generation by the screen grille that is earthed via the capacitor 12. To improve the frequency stability, a control crystal, for example 7, is placed between the screen grid-side end of the resonant circuit 2, 3, which is provided with a tap leading to the cathode, and the screen grid of the pentode via the capacitor 12.
809 60O/340809 60O / 340
eingeschaltet. Frequenzverstimmungen durch Änderungen des Schwingkreises 2, 3 beeinflussen den in Serienresonanz arbeitenden Steuerquarz nur ganz geringfügig, da der durch die Steuergitter-Kathoden-Strecke der Pentode gedämpfte Schwingkreis 2, 3 eine breite Resonanzkurve besitzt.switched on. Frequency detunings due to changes in the resonant circuit 2, 3 only have a very slight effect on the control crystal operating in series resonance, since the resonant circuit 2, 3 damped by the control grid-cathode path of the pentode has a broad resonance curve.
Oberwellenquarzschaltungen, die im allgemeinen geringere Frequenzstabilität aufweisen als Schaltungen mit Grundwellenquarzen, arbeiten in der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung, wie Versuche gezeigt haben, einwandfrei.Harmonic crystal circuits, which generally have a lower frequency stability than circuits with fundamental wave crystals, work in the arrangement according to the invention, as experiments have shown have, flawless.
Die Frequenzumschaltung in Oszillatoren, die bei Verwendung mechanischer Umschalter, z. B. Relais, vor allem bei sehr hohen Frequenzen unstabile Verhältnisse zur Folge haben, kann in der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltung wegen der kleinen Impedanzen des in Serienresonanz arbeitenden Quarzkreises vorteilhafterweise mittels einer Kombination je eines Steuerquarzes 4, 5, 6 oder 7 mit je einem Richtleiter 8, 9, 10 oder 11 vorgenommen werden. Über ao einen Schalter 15 wird jeweils der dem einzuschaltenden Steuerquarz zugeordnete Richtleiter an eine Spannung gelegt, die ihn leitend macht, während alle übrigen Richtleiter durch eine Vorspannung gesperrt sind.The frequency switching in oscillators, which when using mechanical switches, z. B. Relay, can result in unstable conditions, especially at very high frequencies, in the inventive The circuit is advantageous because of the small impedances of the quartz circuit operating in series resonance by means of a combination of a control crystal 4, 5, 6 or 7 each with a directional guide 8, 9, 10 or 11 can be made. A switch 15 is used to switch to the one to be switched on The directional conductor assigned to the control crystal is connected to a voltage that makes it conductive while all other directional conductors are blocked by a bias.
Claims (1)
Schweizerische Patentschrift Nr. 256 363;
britische Patentschrift Nr. 287 484;
USA.-Patentschrift Nr. 2 553 366;
W. A. Edson : »Vacuum Tube Oszillators«,
New York, 1953, S. 204-205.Considered publications:
Swiss Patent No. 256 363;
British Patent No. 287,484;
U.S. Patent No. 2,553,366;
WA Edson: "Vacuum Tube Oscillators",
New York, 1953, pp. 204-205.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DES50528A DE1038127B (en) | 1956-09-26 | 1956-09-26 | Quartz-controlled oscillator circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DES50528A DE1038127B (en) | 1956-09-26 | 1956-09-26 | Quartz-controlled oscillator circuit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1038127B true DE1038127B (en) | 1958-09-04 |
Family
ID=7487787
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DES50528A Pending DE1038127B (en) | 1956-09-26 | 1956-09-26 | Quartz-controlled oscillator circuit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE1038127B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1090727B (en) * | 1959-08-22 | 1960-10-13 | Deutsche Bundesbahn | Frequency switching of crystal-controlled oscillators by means of semiconductor diodes |
| US3020421A (en) * | 1959-09-08 | 1962-02-06 | Collins Radio Co | Crystal switching system |
| US3070754A (en) * | 1960-02-24 | 1962-12-25 | Singer Mfg Co | Signal generator utilizing plural oscil-lators with plural crystals |
| FR2283581A1 (en) * | 1974-08-30 | 1976-03-26 | Thomson Csf | Quartz controlled multi-frequency oscillator - uses multiple quartz elements switched simultaneously with capacitors |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB287484A (en) * | 1927-03-21 | 1929-03-28 | Marconi Wireless Telegraph Co | Improvements in or relating to piezo-electric devices |
| CH256363A (en) * | 1942-11-23 | 1948-08-15 | Bataille Roger | Method for setting a radio-electric station to a desired frequency and radio-electric station for implementing this method. |
| US2553366A (en) * | 1949-06-15 | 1951-05-15 | Pye Ltd | Crystal controlled high-frequency oscillator |
-
1956
- 1956-09-26 DE DES50528A patent/DE1038127B/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB287484A (en) * | 1927-03-21 | 1929-03-28 | Marconi Wireless Telegraph Co | Improvements in or relating to piezo-electric devices |
| CH256363A (en) * | 1942-11-23 | 1948-08-15 | Bataille Roger | Method for setting a radio-electric station to a desired frequency and radio-electric station for implementing this method. |
| US2553366A (en) * | 1949-06-15 | 1951-05-15 | Pye Ltd | Crystal controlled high-frequency oscillator |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1090727B (en) * | 1959-08-22 | 1960-10-13 | Deutsche Bundesbahn | Frequency switching of crystal-controlled oscillators by means of semiconductor diodes |
| US3020421A (en) * | 1959-09-08 | 1962-02-06 | Collins Radio Co | Crystal switching system |
| US3070754A (en) * | 1960-02-24 | 1962-12-25 | Singer Mfg Co | Signal generator utilizing plural oscil-lators with plural crystals |
| FR2283581A1 (en) * | 1974-08-30 | 1976-03-26 | Thomson Csf | Quartz controlled multi-frequency oscillator - uses multiple quartz elements switched simultaneously with capacitors |
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