DE10304794B4 - Use of an electrically conductive, magnetic fluid - Google Patents
Use of an electrically conductive, magnetic fluid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE10304794B4 DE10304794B4 DE2003104794 DE10304794A DE10304794B4 DE 10304794 B4 DE10304794 B4 DE 10304794B4 DE 2003104794 DE2003104794 DE 2003104794 DE 10304794 A DE10304794 A DE 10304794A DE 10304794 B4 DE10304794 B4 DE 10304794B4
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- Prior art keywords
- magnetic
- electrically conductive
- carrier liquid
- contacts
- component according
- Prior art date
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- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/20—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
- H01C17/06—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for coating resistive material on a base
- H01C17/065—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for coating resistive material on a base by thick film techniques, e.g. serigraphy
- H01C17/06506—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits
- H01C17/06513—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits characterised by the resistive component
- H01C17/06526—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits characterised by the resistive component composed of metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/06—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
- H01F1/061—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder with a protective layer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/10—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure
- H01F1/11—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure in the form of particles
- H01F1/112—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites, e.g. [(Ba,Sr)O(Fe2O3)6] ferrites with hexagonal structure in the form of particles with a skin
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/44—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H29/00—Switches having at least one liquid contact
- H01H29/02—Details
- H01H29/04—Contacts; Containers for liquid contacts
- H01H29/06—Liquid contacts characterised by the material thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H36/00—Switches actuated by change of magnetic field or of electric field, e.g. by change of relative position of magnet and switch, by shielding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H36/00—Switches actuated by change of magnetic field or of electric field, e.g. by change of relative position of magnet and switch, by shielding
- H01H2036/0086—Movable or fixed contacts formed by permanent magnets
Abstract
Verwendung einer elektrisch leitenden, magnetischen Flüssigkeit (1), bestehend aus einer nicht magnetischen und elektrisch nicht leitenden Trägerflüssigkeit (3), die elektrisch leitende und magnetische Partikel (2) enthält, in einem elektrischen Bauteil (6), das wenigstens zwei elektrische Kontakte (12, 13) aufweist, zur Ausbildung eines Übertragungsvolumens (11), mit dem zwischen den wenigstens zwei elektrischen Kontakten (12, 13) ein elektrisches Signal und/oder eine elektrische Spannung und/oder ein elektrischer Strom übertragbar ist und das mittels magnetischer Kräfte (14) relativ zu den wenigstens zwei Kontakten (12, 13) verstellbar ist.use an electrically conductive, magnetic fluid (1), consisting of a non-magnetic and electrically non-conductive carrier liquid (3) containing electrically conductive and magnetic particles (2) in one electrical component (6), the at least two electrical contacts (12, 13), for forming a transmission volume (11), with between the at least two electrical contacts (12, 13) an electrical signal and / or an electrical voltage and / or an electric current transferable is and by means of magnetic forces (14) relative to the at least two contacts (12, 13) is adjustable.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Verwendung einer elektrisch leitenden, magnetischen Flüssigkeit.The The present invention relates to a use of an electric conductive, magnetic fluid.
In einer Vielzahl von elektrischen Anwendungen müssen zwischen mehreren elektrischen Kontakten elektrisch leitende Verbindungen hergestellt werden, beispielsweise um ein elektrisches Steuersignal bzw. eine elektrische Spannung bzw. einen elektrischen Strom zwischen den miteinander verbundenen Kontakten zu übertragen. Betrachtet werden hierbei vor allem dynamische Verbindungen, also Verbindungen, die in Abhängigkeit vorbestimmter Bedingungen geschlossen und geöffnet oder verändert werden.In a variety of electrical applications need to be between multiple electrical Contacts electrically conductive connections are made, for example to an electrical control signal or an electrical voltage or an electrical current between the interconnected To transfer contacts. Above all, dynamic connections, ie connections, are considered. the dependent closed predetermined conditions and opened or changed.
Beispielsweise werden bei einem Schalter darin angeordnete Kontakte in Abhängigkeit einer Betätigung des Schalters miteinander verbunden oder voneinander getrennt. Derartige Schalter können beispielsweise als Endschalter ausgestaltet sein, die unterschiedliche Relativlagen zwischen den Kontakten und einem Verbindungselement zum Verbinden der Kontakte erkennen. Bei mechanischen Lösungen wird das Verbindungsele ment körperlich mit den Kontakten kontaktiert, um die jeweilige Verbindung herzustellen. Alternativ sind elektronisch arbeitende Lösungen möglich, bei denen der Schalter beispielsweise induktiv, kapazitiv, optisch, mit Ultraschall oder unter Verwendung des Halleffekts betätigt wird, um das jeweils gewünschte Schaltsignal zu generieren.For example be arranged in a switch therein contacts in dependence an operation of the switch connected or disconnected. such Switches can be configured for example as a limit switch, the different Relative positions between the contacts and a connecting element to connect the contacts recognize. For mechanical solutions the connecting element physically contacted with the contacts to make the respective connection. Alternatively, electronic solutions are possible in which the switch For example, inductive, capacitive, optical, ultrasonic or is operated using the reverb effect to the respective desired switching signal to generate.
Andere Anwendungen sind z.B. Potentiometer, bei denen eine Kollektorbahn entlang einer Widerstandsbahn angeordnet ist und bei denen ein Verbindungselement den Kollektor mit dem Widerstand verbindet. Das Verbindungselement ist dabei entlang der Bahnen verstellbar, wobei das Ausgangssignal des Potentiometers von der Relativlage des Verbindungselements entlang der Bahnen abhängt. Bei einer mechanischen Lösung ist das Verbindungselement üblicherweise als Schleifer ausgestaltet. Da derartige Lösungen verschleißanfällig sind, werden auch hier bereits elektrische bzw. elektronische Lösungen angewandt, die berührungslos und somit verschleißfrei arbeiten. Potentiometer werden beispielsweise für Weg- und Winkelsensoren benötigt.Other Applications are e.g. Potentiometer, where a collector track is arranged along a resistance path and in which a connecting element connects the collector to the resistor. The connecting element is adjustable along the tracks, wherein the output signal of Potentiometer of the relative position of the connecting element along the tracks depends. For a mechanical solution is the connecting element usually designed as a grinder. Since such solutions are susceptible to wear, Here, too, electrical or electronic solutions are used, the non-contact and thus wear-free work. Potentiometers are needed, for example, for displacement and angle sensors.
Dynamische Verbindungen, die mit körperlicher oder schleifender Kontaktierung des Verbindungselements mit den jeweiligen Kontakten arbeiten, können zwar relativ preiswert hergestellt werden, sind jedoch verschleißanfällig und im Hinblick auf eine lange Lebensdauer und Zuverlässigkeit des jeweiligen Bauteils nachteilig. Im Unterschied dazu können elektronische Systeme berührungslos arbeiten, so dass quasi kein Verschleiß auftritt. Elektronische Systeme sind aller dings vergleichsweise teuer. Desweiteren kann auch bei elektronischen Systemen eine hohe Zuverlässigkeit nur begrenzt gewährleistet werden.dynamic Connections with physical or sliding contacting of the connecting element with the each contact can work Although relatively inexpensive to manufacture, but are susceptible to wear and in terms of long life and reliability of the respective component disadvantageous. In contrast, electronic Systems contactless work, so that virtually no wear occurs. Electronic systems But all are comparatively expensive. Furthermore, can also at Electronic systems ensure high reliability only limited.
Aus
der
Die
Die
Die
Die
Die vorliegende Erfindung hat die Aufgabe, für das dynamische Verbinden von wenigstens zwei elektrischen Kontakten einen Weg aufzuzeigen, der preiswert realisierbar ist und bei einer hohen Zuverlässigkeit eine lange Lebenszeit eines damit arbeitenden Systems ermöglicht.The The present invention has the object for dynamic connection to show a way of at least two electrical contacts which is inexpensive and with a high reliability a long lifetime of a system working with it.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Gegenstände der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.These The object is achieved by the objects the independent one claims solved. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent Claims.
Die Erfindung beruht auf dem allgemeinen Gedanken, ein elektrisch leitendes und magnetisches oder ferro-magnetisches Fluid in Form eines Übertragungsvolumens in einem elektrischen Bauteil zum Schalten elektrischer Kontakte zu verwenden, wozu das Übertragungsvolumen mittels magnetischer Kräfte relativ zu den Kontakten verstellbar ist. Ein derartiges CMF (Conductive Magnet Fluid) vereint in sich zwei Eigenschaften, nämlich die Beeinflussbarkeit durch magnetische Kräfte einerseits und die elektrische Leitfähigkeit andererseits, in einer elektrisch nicht leitenden Trägerflüssigkeit. Hierdurch ist es möglich, das CMF mittels magnetischer Kräfte, also insbesondere berührungslos zu manipulieren, nämlich um das CMF relativ zu den elektrischen Kontakten zu bewegen. Hierdurch können mit dem CMF zwei oder mehr elektrische Kontakte miteinander verbunden werden, da das CMF erfindungsgemäß hinreichend elektrisch leitfähig ist. Ebenso ist es möglich, das CMF entlang von Kontakten, beispielsweise in einem Potentiometer, zu positionieren. Zwar kommt es auch hier zu einem körperlichen Kontakt zwischen dem CMF und den jeweiligen Kontakten, jedoch können Reibungsbeiwerte zwischen einer Flüssigkeit und einem Festkörper extrem klein sein. Dementsprechend können die elektrischen Kontakte mit dem CMF quasi verschleißfrei kontaktiert werden.The Invention is based on the general idea, an electrically conductive and magnetic or ferromagnetic fluid in the form of a transfer volume in an electrical component for switching electrical contacts to use, what the transfer volume by means of magnetic forces is adjustable relative to the contacts. Such a CMF (Conductive Magnetic fluid) combines in itself two properties, namely the Influencing by magnetic forces on the one hand and the electrical conductivity on the other hand, in an electrically non-conductive carrier liquid. This makes it possible the CMF by means of magnetic forces, so in particular contactless to manipulate, namely to move the CMF relative to the electrical contacts. hereby can connected to the CMF two or more electrical contacts since the CMF is sufficient according to the invention electrically conductive is. It is also possible the CMF along contacts, for example in a potentiometer, to position. Although it comes here to a physical Contact between the CMF and the respective contacts, but friction coefficients between a liquid and a solid be extremely small. Accordingly, the electrical contacts with the CMF virtually wear-free be contacted.
Mit dem CMF kann im elektrischen Bauteil ein Verbindungselement bereit gestellt werden, das mittels magnetischer Kräfte berührungslos relativ zu den jeweiligen Kontakten verstellt werden kann. Hierdurch können verschleißfrei arbeitende Systeme realisiert werden, die zuverlässig arbeiten und eine hohe Lebensdauer besitzen.With The CMF may be provided with a connecting element in the electrical component be provided by means of magnetic forces without contact relative to the respective Contacts can be adjusted. This allows wear-free working Systems are realized that work reliably and have a long service life have.
Dabei ist es insbesondere möglich, das CMF und die jeweiligen Kontakte in einem hermetisch abgeschlossenen Gehäuse unterzubringen und das Gehäuse so auszugestalten, dass die magnetischen Kräfte zum Verstellen des CMF von außen durch eine Wand des Gehäuses hindurch auf das CMF einwirken können. Hierdurch eröffnen sich für die jeweiligen Bauteile neuartige Anwendungsgebiete.there is it possible in particular the CMF and the respective contacts in a hermetically sealed casing to accommodate and the housing in such a way that the magnetic forces for adjusting the CMF from the outside through a wall of the housing through the CMF. Open up for the respective components novel fields of application.
Weitere wichtige Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, aus den Zeichnungen und aus der zugehörigen Figurenbeschreibung anhand der Zeichnungen.Further important features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the Dependent claims, from the drawings and from the associated description of the figures the drawings.
Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.It it is understood that the above and the following yet to be explained features not only in the specified combination, but also in other combinations or alone, without to leave the scope of the present invention.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert, wobei sich gleiche Bezugszeichen auf gleiche oder funktional gleiche oder ähnliche Bauteile beziehen.preferred embodiments The invention are illustrated in the drawings and in the following description explains where like reference numerals refer to the same or functionally same or similar Refer to components.
Es zeigen, jeweils schematisch,It show, in each case schematically,
Entsprechend
Bei
einer besonderen Ausführungsform
können
die Partikel
Bei
einer anderen Ausführungsform
können die
Partikel
Die
elektrische Beschichtung
Auch
ist es möglich,
die magnetische und elektrisch leitende Flüssigkeit dadurch bereitzustellen,
dass magnetische Partikel
Die
Trägerflüssigkeit
Zur
Verdeutlichung ist in
Alternativ
ist auch eine Ausführungsform möglich, bei
welcher die vorzugsweise magnetisch und elektrisch neutrale Trägerflüssigkeit
Die
erfindungsgemäße elektrisch
leitende, magnetische Flüssigkeit
Das
CMF-Volumen
In
den
Entsprechend
Diese
Positionierung des CMF-Volumens
Bei
einer Relativverstellung des Aktuators
Sofern
das Potentiometer
Wie
aus
Die
erfindungsgemäße Anwendung
der elektrisch leitenden, magnetischen Flüssigkeit
Die
Widerstandsbahn
Bei
der Ausführungsform
gemäß
Während bei
der Ausführungsform
gemäß
Bei
den hier gezeigten Ausführungsformen besitzt
die Betätigungseinrichtung
Weitere
Bauteile, die elektrische Kontakte enthalten, die mit Hilfe der
erfindungsgemäßen elektrisch
leitenden, magnetischen Flüssigkeit
Claims (26)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2003104794 DE10304794B4 (en) | 2003-02-05 | 2003-02-05 | Use of an electrically conductive, magnetic fluid |
EP04001172A EP1445778A3 (en) | 2003-02-05 | 2004-01-21 | Electrically conductive magnetic powder |
US10/770,651 US20040155228A1 (en) | 2003-02-05 | 2004-02-03 | Electrically conducting, magnetic powder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2003104794 DE10304794B4 (en) | 2003-02-05 | 2003-02-05 | Use of an electrically conductive, magnetic fluid |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE10304794A1 DE10304794A1 (en) | 2004-09-09 |
DE10304794B4 true DE10304794B4 (en) | 2007-06-06 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE2003104794 Expired - Lifetime DE10304794B4 (en) | 2003-02-05 | 2003-02-05 | Use of an electrically conductive, magnetic fluid |
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DE (1) | DE10304794B4 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202014103242U1 (en) | 2014-07-15 | 2014-10-02 | Hoffmann + Krippner Gmbh | magnetic sensor |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10323765B4 (en) * | 2003-05-22 | 2012-10-18 | Frank Dietrich | Electrical component and use of an electrically conductive, magnetic powder |
DE102011089024A1 (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2013-06-20 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Assembly for locking system of motor car door e.g. driver side door, has switching device comprising contactless magnetic displaceable switching medium for selectively bridging contact regions of different lead frame conductors |
US10082413B2 (en) | 2015-05-26 | 2018-09-25 | M Micro Technologies, Inc. | Magnetic actuated contact using a coil system |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1159071B (en) * | 1962-01-09 | 1963-12-12 | Siemens Ag | Magnetically operated mercury contact |
US3289126A (en) * | 1963-01-10 | 1966-11-29 | Fifth Dimension Inc | Mercury switch employing magnetizable fluid |
US4732706A (en) * | 1985-03-20 | 1988-03-22 | Ferrofluidics Corporation | Method of preparing low viscosity, electrically conductive ferrofluid composition |
JPH07226316A (en) * | 1994-02-14 | 1995-08-22 | Toyohisa Fujita | Magnetic electrorheology fluid and its manufacture |
US5769996A (en) * | 1994-01-27 | 1998-06-23 | Loctite (Ireland) Limited | Compositions and methods for providing anisotropic conductive pathways and bonds between two sets of conductors |
-
2003
- 2003-02-05 DE DE2003104794 patent/DE10304794B4/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1159071B (en) * | 1962-01-09 | 1963-12-12 | Siemens Ag | Magnetically operated mercury contact |
US3289126A (en) * | 1963-01-10 | 1966-11-29 | Fifth Dimension Inc | Mercury switch employing magnetizable fluid |
US4732706A (en) * | 1985-03-20 | 1988-03-22 | Ferrofluidics Corporation | Method of preparing low viscosity, electrically conductive ferrofluid composition |
US5769996A (en) * | 1994-01-27 | 1998-06-23 | Loctite (Ireland) Limited | Compositions and methods for providing anisotropic conductive pathways and bonds between two sets of conductors |
JPH07226316A (en) * | 1994-02-14 | 1995-08-22 | Toyohisa Fujita | Magnetic electrorheology fluid and its manufacture |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202014103242U1 (en) | 2014-07-15 | 2014-10-02 | Hoffmann + Krippner Gmbh | magnetic sensor |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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DE10304794A1 (en) | 2004-09-09 |
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Owner name: METALLUX AG, 71404 KORB, DE |
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Owner name: DIETRICH, FRANK, 73760 OSTFILDERN, DE |
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Owner name: WIKA ALEXANDER WIEGAND SE & CO. KG, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: DIETRICH, FRANK, 73760 OSTFILDERN, DE Effective date: 20131114 |
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R071 | Expiry of right |