DE102019201556B3 - Method and arrangement for connecting components - Google Patents
Method and arrangement for connecting components Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102019201556B3 DE102019201556B3 DE102019201556.5A DE102019201556A DE102019201556B3 DE 102019201556 B3 DE102019201556 B3 DE 102019201556B3 DE 102019201556 A DE102019201556 A DE 102019201556A DE 102019201556 B3 DE102019201556 B3 DE 102019201556B3
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- component
- joining area
- screw connection
- predetermined
- temperature
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- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B31/00—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts
- F16B31/04—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts for maintaining a tensile load
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/562—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits using extra joining elements, i.e. which are not integral with the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/64—Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force
- B29C65/645—Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force using friction or ultrasonic vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/72—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by combined operations or combined techniques, e.g. welding and stitching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
- B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
- B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
- B29C66/73941—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset characterised by the materials of both parts being thermosets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
- B29C66/91211—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods
- B29C66/91216—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods enabling contactless temperature measurements, e.g. using a pyrometer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
- B29C66/91221—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
- B29C66/91411—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
- B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
- B29C66/91921—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature
- B29C66/91941—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to Tg, i.e. the glass transition temperature, of the material of one of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/91943—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to Tg, i.e. the glass transition temperature, of the material of one of the parts to be joined higher than said glass transition temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
- B29C66/944—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time by controlling or regulating the time
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/02—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
- B29C66/73117—Tg, i.e. glass transition temperature
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Anordnung zum Verbinden eines ersten Bauteils (3) mit mindestens einem zweiten Bauteil (5) mittels einer Schraubenverbindung (20), wobei eine erste Komponente (22) der Schraubenverbindung (20) an einem ersten Fügebereich (7) auf dem ersten Bauteil (3) aufliegt, wobei mindestens das erste Bauteil (3) aus einem mit Fasern verstärkten Kunststoff gebildet wird, wobei die Schraubenverbindung (20) zuerst bis zu einem vorgegebenen Voranzugsmoment angezogen wird, wobei die Schraubenverbindung (20) mit einer vorgegebenen Frequenz gelöst und wieder angezogen wird, so dass die mit einer Vorspannkraft belastete erste Komponente (22) um einen vorgegebenen Drehwinkel bewegt wird und durch die resultierende Drehbewegung selektiv Reibungswärme am ersten Fügebereich (7) erzeugt, bis die vorgegebene Temperatur am Fügebereich (7) erreicht ist, wobei die Schraubenverbindung (20) nach Erreichen der vorgegebenen Temperatur am Fügebereich (7) bis zu einem vorgegebenen Montagedrehmoment angezogen wird.The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for connecting a first component (3) to at least one second component (5) by means of a screw connection (20), a first component (22) of the screw connection (20) being connected to a first joining area (7). rests on the first component (3), at least the first component (3) being formed from a fiber-reinforced plastic, the screw connection (20) first being tightened to a predetermined tightening torque, the screw connection (20) having a predetermined Frequency is released and tightened again, so that the first component (22) loaded with a prestressing force is moved by a predetermined angle of rotation and the resulting rotary movement selectively generates frictional heat at the first joining area (7) until the predetermined temperature at the joining area (7) is reached is, the screw connection (20) after reaching the predetermined temperature at the joining area (7) up to a predetermined one assembly torque is tightened.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verbinden von Bauteilen. Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung eine Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zum Verbinden von Bauteilen.The invention relates to a method for connecting components. Furthermore, the invention relates to an arrangement for carrying out the method for connecting components.
Verfahren und Anordnungen zum Verbinden von Bauteilen, von denen mindestens ein Bauteil aus einem faserverstärkten Kunststoff besteht, sind in zahlreichen Variationen bekannt. Faserverstärkte Kunststoffe bestehen aus einer organischen Matrix, in die Fasern, z. B. Kohlenstoff-, Aramid- oder Glasfasern, entweder sortenrein oder gemischt eingebettet sind. Als Matrixwerkstoffe kommen duroplastische Polymere, wie z. B. Epoxidharz oder Polyurethan, oder thermoplastische Polymere, wie z. B. Polyamid, zum Einsatz. Aus faserverstärkten Kunststoffen werden Bauteile in verschiedensten Industriezweigen hergestellt. Im Fahrzeugbau können dies ganze Karosserien, z. B. ein Monocoque, aber auch einzelne Karosseriebauteile, z.B. ein Boden, ein Dach, eine Rückwand, ein Kotflügel oder ein Sideblade, sein. Hierbei sind metallische und/oder nichtmetallische Bauteile aneinanderzufügen. Eine übliche Verbindungstechnik ist eine Schraubenverbindung, wobei mehrere Fügeteile aus faserverstärkten Kunststoffen als Klemmteil angeordnet werden. Beim Anziehen der Schraubenverbindung längt sich eine verwendete Schraube, wobei die Fügeteile unter einer Druckspannung stehen. Dieses Wirkprinzip der Schraubenverbindung ermöglicht eine Übertragung von Kräften bzw. Momenten und verhindert ein selbsttätiges Lösen der Fügeteile unter angreifenden äußeren Belastungen.Methods and arrangements for connecting components, of which at least one component consists of a fiber-reinforced plastic, are known in numerous variations. Fiber-reinforced plastics consist of an organic matrix into which fibers, e.g. B. carbon, aramid or glass fibers, either sorted or mixed embedded. As matrix materials come thermosetting polymers such. B. epoxy or polyurethane, or thermoplastic polymers such. B. polyamide used. Components made from fiber-reinforced plastics are manufactured in a wide variety of industries. In vehicle construction, this can entire bodies, z. B. a monocoque, but also individual body components, e.g. a floor, a roof, a rear wall, a fender or a sideblade. Metallic and / or non-metallic components are to be joined together. A common connection technique is a screw connection, with several joining parts made of fiber-reinforced plastics being arranged as a clamping part. When tightening the screw connection, a screw used lengthens, whereby the parts to be joined are under compressive stress. This principle of action of the screw connection enables forces or moments to be transmitted and prevents the parts to be loosened automatically under attacking external loads.
Faserverbundwerkstoffe bieten einem Konstrukteur die Möglichkeit, Werkstoffeigenschaften durch eine Faseranordnung an Bauteilbelastungen anzupassen. Üblich ist eine zweidimensionale Anordnung von Verstärkungsfasern. Im Fall einer Durchsteckverschraubung werden Bohrungen in einem Laminat erzeugt. Ein Montageprozess der Schraube erzeugt eine Vorspannkraft, die gleichermaßen auf das Laminat wirkt, das somit einer Querdruckbeanspruchung ausgesetzt wird.Fiber composite materials offer a designer the opportunity to adapt material properties to component loads through a fiber arrangement. A two-dimensional arrangement of reinforcing fibers is common. In the case of a push-through fitting, holes are made in a laminate. An assembly process of the screw generates a pre-tensioning force that also acts on the laminate, which is therefore exposed to a transverse pressure load.
Als nachteilig kann dabei angesehen werden, dass zeitlich verzögert nach dem Anziehen der Schraubenverbindung ein Fließen der Matrix aus Polymer erfolgt, da eine eingeleitete Last nur äußerst ineffizient in eine Faserspannung umgewandelt werden kann und ein Hauptkraftfluss über die Matrix wirkt. Unter der beschriebenen Druckbeanspruchung und den Fließprozessen wird die Vorspannkraft kontinuierlich verringert. Wird dabei eine mindestens nötige Schraubenvorspannkraft bzw. Mindestvorspannkraft unterschritten, so ist die Funktionalität der Schraubenverbindung nicht mehr gewährleistet.It can be regarded as disadvantageous that the polymer matrix flows with a time delay after the screw connection has been tightened, since an introduced load can only be converted into fiber tension extremely inefficiently and a main flow of force acts via the matrix. The prestressing force is continuously reduced under the described compressive stress and the flow processes. If the screw pretension or minimum pretension force falls below the minimum, the functionality of the screw connection is no longer guaranteed.
Aus der
Aus der
Aus der
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, ein Verfahren zum Verbinden von Bauteilen, von welchen mindestens ein Bauteil aus einem faserverstärkten Kunststoff besteht, sowie eine korrespondierende Anordnung zum Ausführen eines solchen Verfahrens bereitzustellen, welches mit weniger Prozessschritten bzw. weniger Ausrüstung ausgeführt werden kann.The invention is based on the object of providing a method for connecting components, of which at least one component consists of a fiber-reinforced plastic, and a corresponding arrangement for carrying out such a method, which can be carried out with fewer process steps or less equipment.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren zum Verbinden von Bauteilen mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 und durch eine Anordnung zum Verbinden von Bauteilen mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 7 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen mit zweckmäßigen Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Patentansprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved by a method for connecting components with the features of
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird zum Verbinden eines ersten Bauteils, welches aus einem mit Fasern verstärkten Kunststoff gebildet wird, mit mindestens einem zweiten Bauteil mittels einer Schraubenverbindung eingesetzt. Hierbei liegt eine erste Komponente der Schraubenverbindung an einem ersten Fügebereich auf dem ersten Bauteil auf, wobei die Schraubenverbindung zuerst bis zu einem vorgegebenen Voranzugsmoment angezogen wird. Die Schraubenverbindung wird dann mit einer vorgegebenen Frequenz gelöst und wieder angezogen, so dass die mit einer Vorspannkraft belastete erste Komponente um einen vorgegebenen Drehwinkel bewegt und durch die resultierende Drehbewegung selektiv Reibungswärme am ersten Fügebereich des ersten Bauteils erzeugt wird, bis die vorgegebene Temperatur am Fügebereich erreicht ist. Nach Erreichen der vorgegebenen Temperatur wird die Schraubenverbindung am Fügebereich bis zu einem vorgegebenen Montagedrehmoment angezogen. Hierbei wird die Temperatur mit etwa 110 bis 150% einer Glasübergangstemperatur des mit Fasern verstärkten Kunststoffs des korrespondierenden Bauteils vorgegeben. Dadurch liegt die Temperatur über der Glasübergangstemperatur einer verwendeten Kunststoffmatrix, aber sicher unterhalb einer Zersetzungstemperatur des mit Fasern verstärkten Kunststoffs.The method according to the invention is used to connect a first component, which is formed from a plastic reinforced with fibers, to at least one second component by means of a screw connection. Here, a first component of the screw connection rests on a first joining area on the first component, the screw connection first being tightened up to a predetermined pre-tightening torque. The screw connection is then with a predetermined frequency released and tightened again, so that the first component loaded with a biasing force is moved by a predetermined angle of rotation and the resulting rotational movement selectively generates frictional heat at the first joining area of the first component until the predetermined temperature at the joining area is reached. After reaching the specified temperature, the screw connection on the joining area is tightened to a specified assembly torque. Here, the temperature is predetermined to be about 110 to 150% of a glass transition temperature of the fiber-reinforced plastic of the corresponding component. As a result, the temperature is above the glass transition temperature of a plastic matrix used, but certainly below a decomposition temperature of the plastic reinforced with fibers.
Zudem wird eine Anordnung zur Ausführung des Verfahrens zum Verbinden eines ersten Bauteils, welches aus einem mit Fasern verstärkten Kunststoff gebildet ist, mit mindestens einem zweiten Bauteil, mit einem Schraubwerkzeug vorgeschlagen. Erfindungsgemäß ist das Schraubwerkzeug ausgebildet, die Schraubenverbindung bis zu einem vorgegebenen Anzugsmoment anzuziehen und die Schraubenverbindung mit einer vorgegebenen Frequenz zu lösen und wieder anzuziehen, so dass die mit einer Vorspannkraft belastete erste Komponente um einen vorgegebenen Drehwinkel bewegt wird und durch die resultierende Drehbewegung selektiv Reibungswärme am ersten Fügebereich erzeugt, bis die vorgegebene Temperatur am ersten Fügebereich erreicht ist.In addition, an arrangement for carrying out the method for connecting a first component, which is formed from a fiber-reinforced plastic, with at least one second component, with a screwing tool, is proposed. According to the invention, the screwing tool is designed to tighten the screw connection up to a predetermined tightening torque and to loosen and tighten the screw connection at a predetermined frequency, so that the first component loaded with a prestressing force is moved by a predetermined angle of rotation and, due to the resulting rotary movement, selectively frictional heat on generated first joining area until the predetermined temperature is reached at the first joining area.
Bei der Schraubenverbindung kann es sich beispielsweise um eine Durchsteckverbindung handeln, bei welcher ein Gewindeschaft einer Schraube durch fluchtende Durchgangsöffnungen im ersten Bauteil und im zweiten Bauteil geführt wird und auf einer Seite der Durchsteckverbindung mit einem Schraubenkopf und auf einer anderen Seite der Durchsteckverbindung mit einer Mutter festgelegt wird. Hierbei kann dann der Schraubenkopf und/oder die Mutter der Schraubenverbindung als erste Komponente der Schraubenverbindung um einen vorgegebenen Drehwinkel bewegt werden, um die Reibungswärme am ersten Fügebereich des ersten Bauteils zu erzeugen. Alternativ kann die Schraubenverbindung als Aufschraubverbindung ausgeführt sein, bei welcher ein Gewindeschaft einer Schraube durch eine Durchgangsöffnung im ersten Bauteil geführt und in eine im zweiten Bauteil eingebrachte Bohrung mit Innengewinde eingeschraubt ist und ein Schraubenkopf der Schraube auf dem ersten Fügebereich des ersten Bauteils aufliegt. Die Bohrung im zweiten Bauteil kann beispielsweise als Durchgangbohrung mit Innengewinde oder als Sacklochbohrung mit Innengewinde ausgeführt werden. Hierbei kann dann der Schraubenkopf der Schraube als erste Komponente der Schraubenverbindung um einen vorgegebenen Drehwinkel bewegt werden, um die Reibungswärme am ersten Fügebereich des ersten Bauteils zu erzeugen.The screw connection can be, for example, a push-through connection in which a threaded shaft of a screw is guided through aligned through openings in the first component and in the second component and fixed on one side of the push-through connection with a screw head and on another side of the push-through connection with a nut becomes. The screw head and / or the nut of the screw connection as the first component of the screw connection can then be moved by a predetermined angle of rotation in order to generate the frictional heat at the first joining area of the first component. Alternatively, the screw connection can be designed as a screw connection, in which a threaded shaft of a screw is guided through a through opening in the first component and screwed into a bore with an internal thread in the second component and a screw head of the screw rests on the first joining area of the first component. The hole in the second component can be designed, for example, as a through hole with an internal thread or as a blind hole with an internal thread. The screw head of the screw as the first component of the screw connection can then be moved by a predetermined angle of rotation in order to generate the frictional heat at the first joining area of the first component.
Durch Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung kann das Vorspannkraftverhalten der Schraubenverbindung durch die Verschraubung bei einer vorgegebenen erhöhten Temperatur verbessert werden. Hierbei wird die erhöhte Temperatur am ersten Fügebereich des aus einem mit Fasern verstärkten Kunststoff gebildeten ersten Bauteils nicht durch eine zusätzliche Wärmequelle, sondern durch ein vorhandenes Schraubwerkzeug mittels Reibungswärme zwischen der ersten Komponente der Schraubenverbindung und dem ersten Fügebereich des ersten Bauteils erzeugt. Da das Schraubwerkzeug ohnehin zum Herstellen der Schraubenverbindung verwendet wird, sind zur Durchführung des Verfahrens weniger Ausrüstungskomponenten erforderlich. Da auf eine Bereitstellung der Wärmequelle verzichtet werden kann, sind auch weniger Prozessschritte zum Verbinden von Bauteilen erforderlich.By means of embodiments of the present invention, the prestressing force behavior of the screw connection can be improved by the screw connection at a predetermined elevated temperature. The increased temperature at the first joining area of the first component formed from a fiber-reinforced plastic is not generated by an additional heat source, but by an existing screwing tool by means of frictional heat between the first component of the screw connection and the first joining area of the first component. Since the screwing tool is used anyway to produce the screw connection, fewer equipment components are required to carry out the method. Since there is no need to provide the heat source, fewer process steps are required to connect components.
In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens kann ein zweites Bauteil ebenfalls aus einem mit Fasern verstärkten Kunststoff gebildet werden. Hierbei kann eine zweite Komponente an einem zweiten Fügebereich auf dem zweiten Bauteil aufliegen, wobei auch die mit der Vorspannkraft belastete zweite Komponente um den vorgegebenen Drehwinkel bewegt werden und durch die resultierende Drehbewegung selektiv Reibungswärme am zweiten Fügebereich erzeugen kann, bis die vorgegebene Temperatur am zweiten Fügebereich erreicht ist. Dadurch ist es möglich auch zwei aus einem mit Fasern verstärkten Kunststoff gebildete Bauteile über eine Schraubenverbindung miteinander zu verbinden.In an advantageous embodiment of the method, a second component can also be formed from a plastic reinforced with fibers. Here, a second component can rest on a second joining area on the second component, the second component loaded with the pretensioning force also being moved by the predetermined rotation angle and being able to selectively generate frictional heat at the second joining area by the resulting rotary movement until the predetermined temperature at the second joining area is reached. This makes it possible to connect two components formed from a fiber-reinforced plastic by means of a screw connection.
In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens kann das Voranzugsmoment mit etwa 50% des Montagedrehmoments vorgegeben werden. Des Weiteren kann der Drehwinkel mit etwa 45° vorgegeben werden. Dadurch kann ein bestimmter Anteil der Belastung durch die Vorspannkraft auch während des Lösens der Schraubenverbindung aufrechterhalten werden, um die Reibungswärme zu erzeugen. Zudem kann die Belastung durch die Vorspannkraft während des Anziehens der Schraubenverbindung nicht über das Montagedrehmoment erhöht werden.In a further advantageous embodiment of the method, the pre-tightening torque can be predetermined at approximately 50% of the assembly torque. In addition, the angle of rotation can be specified at approximately 45 °. As a result, a certain proportion of the preload load can be maintained during the loosening of the screw connection in order to generate the frictional heat. In addition, the load caused by the preload force cannot be increased beyond the assembly torque while tightening the screw connection.
In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens kann die Temperatur am korrespondierenden Fügebereich mittels einer Temperaturmessvorrichtung gemessen werden. Alternativ kann die Temperatur am korrespondierenden Fügebereich über die Dauer der Reibungswärmeerzeugung abgeschätzt werden, wobei die Dauer der Reibungswärmeerzeugung durch einen Zeitgeber vorgegeben werden kann.In a further advantageous embodiment of the method, the temperature at the corresponding joining area can be measured using a temperature measuring device. Alternatively, the temperature at the corresponding joining area can be estimated over the duration of the frictional heat generation, wherein the duration of the frictional heat generation can be specified by a timer.
In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Anordnung kann die Schraubenverbindung eine Schraube mit einem Gewindeschaft umfassen, welcher eine Durchgangsöffnung im Bauteileverbund durchgreift, und an einem Ende der Durchgangsöffnung durch eine als Kopf ausgeführte erste Komponente am ersten Fügebereich und am anderen Ende der Durchgangsöffnung durch eine als Mutter ausgeführte zweite Komponente an einem zweiten Fügebereich des mindestens einen zweiten Bauteils festgelegt werden kann. In an advantageous embodiment of the arrangement, the screw connection can comprise a screw with a threaded shaft, which passes through a through opening in the component assembly, and at one end of the through opening by a first component designed as a head on the first joining area and at the other end of the through opening by a second designed as a nut Component can be fixed to a second joining area of the at least one second component.
In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Anordnung kann ein zweites Bauteil ebenfalls aus einem mit Fasern verstärkten Kunststoff gebildet werden. Hierbei kann das Schraubwerkzeug ausgebildet werden, die zweite Komponente der Schraubenverbindung, welche am zweiten Fügebereich auf dem zweiten Bauteil aufliegt und mit der Vorspannkraft belastet ist, um den vorgegebenen Drehwinkel zu bewegen, so dass die zweite Komponente durch die resultierende Drehbewegung selektiv Reibungswärme am zweiten Fügebereich erzeugen kann, bis die vorgegebene Temperatur am zweiten Fügebereich erreicht ist.In a further advantageous embodiment of the arrangement, a second component can also be formed from a plastic reinforced with fibers. Here, the screwing tool can be designed, the second component of the screw connection, which rests on the second joining area on the second component and is loaded with the pretensioning force in order to move the predetermined rotation angle, so that the second component selectively generates frictional heat at the second joining area due to the resulting rotary movement can generate until the predetermined temperature is reached at the second joining area.
Die vorstehend in der Beschreibung genannten Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen sowie die nachfolgend in der Figurenbeschreibung genannten und/oder in den Figuren alleine gezeigten Merkmale und Merkmalskombinationen sind nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar, ohne den Rahmen der Erfindung zu verlassen. Es sind somit auch Ausführungen als von der Erfindung umfasst und offenbart anzusehen, die in den Figuren nicht explizit gezeigt oder erläutert sind, jedoch durch separierte Merkmalskombinationen aus den erläuterten Ausführungen hervorgehen und erzeugbar sind.The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description and the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or shown alone in the figures can be used not only in the combination indicated in each case, but also in other combinations or on their own, without the scope of Leaving invention. Embodiments are thus also to be regarded and encompassed by the invention, which are not explicitly shown or explained in the figures, but which emerge from the explanations explained and can be generated by separate combinations of features.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung bezeichnen gleiche Bezugszeichen Komponenten bzw. Elemente, die gleiche bzw. analoge Funktionen ausführen. Hierbei zeigen:
-
1 ein schematisches Ablaufdiagramm eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Verbinden von Bauteilen; -
2 eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung zur Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Verbinden von Bauteilen aus1 , -
3 eine schematischen Schnittdarstellung einer mit dem Verfahren aus1 hergestellten Schraubenverbindung zwischen zwei Bauteilen; und -
4 eine Darstellung einesDetails IV aus3 .
-
1 a schematic flow diagram of an embodiment of a method according to the invention for connecting components; -
2nd is a schematic representation of an embodiment of an arrangement according to the invention for executing the method according to the invention for connectingcomponents 1 , -
3rd is a schematic sectional view of a using themethod 1 produced screw connection between two components; and -
4th a representation of a detailIV out3rd .
Wie aus
Bei dem in
Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel des Verfahrens
Wie aus
Wie aus
Erfindungsgemäß ist das Schraubwerkzeug
Wie aus
Wie oben bereits ausgeführt ist, ist bei einem alternativen nicht dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ein zweites Bauteil
BezugszeichenlisteReference symbol list
- 11
- Anordnung zum Verbinden eines ersten Bauteils mit mindestens einem zweiten BauteilArrangement for connecting a first component to at least one second component
- 33rd
- erstes Bauteilfirst component
- 55
- zweites Bauteilsecond component
- 77
- erster Fügebereichfirst joining area
- 88th
- zweiter Fügebereichsecond joining area
- 99
- DurchgangsöffnungThrough opening
- 1010th
- SchraubwerkzeugScrewdriver
- 1212
- TemperaturmessvorrichtungTemperature measuring device
- 1414
- ZeitgeberTimer
- 2020th
- SchraubenverbindungScrew connection
- 2121st
- Schraubescrew
- 2222
- erste Komponente (Kopf)first component (head)
- 2424th
- GewindeschaftThreaded shaft
- 2626
- zweite Komponente (Mutter)second component (mother)
- 100100
- Verfahren zum Verbinden eines ersten Bauteils mit mindestens einem zweiten BauteilMethod for connecting a first component to at least one second component
- S100 bis S120S100 to S120
- VerfahrensschrittProcedural step
Claims (9)
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20030223841A1 (en) | 2002-05-31 | 2003-12-04 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Process for the releasable attachment of wearing parts in devices for treating suspended fiber stock |
US20110150602A1 (en) | 2008-04-12 | 2011-06-23 | Sieper Guenter | Method for producing a moulded part with an annular cross-section and moulded part produced according to a method of this type |
DE102016005903A1 (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2017-11-16 | Audi Ag | Method for connecting components |
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2019
- 2019-02-07 DE DE102019201556.5A patent/DE102019201556B3/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030223841A1 (en) | 2002-05-31 | 2003-12-04 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Process for the releasable attachment of wearing parts in devices for treating suspended fiber stock |
US20110150602A1 (en) | 2008-04-12 | 2011-06-23 | Sieper Guenter | Method for producing a moulded part with an annular cross-section and moulded part produced according to a method of this type |
DE102016005903A1 (en) | 2016-05-13 | 2017-11-16 | Audi Ag | Method for connecting components |
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