DE102019130757A1 - Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102019130757A1 DE102019130757A1 DE102019130757.0A DE102019130757A DE102019130757A1 DE 102019130757 A1 DE102019130757 A1 DE 102019130757A1 DE 102019130757 A DE102019130757 A DE 102019130757A DE 102019130757 A1 DE102019130757 A1 DE 102019130757A1
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- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- exhaust
- purification device
- line
- gas purification
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
- F01N13/087—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits having valves upstream of silencing apparatus for by-passing at least part of exhaust directly to atmosphere
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/031—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters having means for by-passing filters, e.g. when clogged or during cold engine start
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2053—By-passing catalytic reactors, e.g. to prevent overheating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Abgasanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine, wobei in der Abgasanlage eine erste Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung und in Strömungsrichtung eines Abgases von einem Spalt beabstandet dahinter eine zweite Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung angeordnet sind, wobei das Abgas umschaltbar entweder vor der ersten Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung oder zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung in die Abgasanlage einleitbar ist, wobei sich die Abgasanlage vor der ersten Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung in einen ersten und einen zweiten Abgasstrang gabelt, wobei der erste Abgasstrang das Abgas auf die erste Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung leitet und der zweite Abgasstrang das Abgas in eine Abgaseinleitstelle zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung einleitet.Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der Abgasanlage kann eine Edelmetallbeladung (washcoat) der ersten Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung mit weniger Edelmetall ausgeführt werden.Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, wherein a first exhaust gas purification device is arranged in the exhaust gas system and a second exhaust gas purification device is arranged behind it, spaced from a gap in the flow direction of an exhaust gas, the exhaust gas being switchable either upstream of the first exhaust gas purification device or between the first and second exhaust gas purification device being able to be introduced into the exhaust system , wherein the exhaust system forks in front of the first exhaust gas purification device into a first and a second exhaust gas tract, the first exhaust gas tract guides the exhaust gas to the first exhaust gas purification device and the second exhaust gas tract introduces the exhaust gas into an exhaust gas introduction point between the first and the second exhaust gas purification device In the embodiment of the exhaust system, a precious metal load (washcoat) of the first exhaust gas cleaning device can be carried out with less precious metal.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Abgasanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit den Merkmalen aus dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie ein Verfahren zum Betreiben der Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Abgasanlage mit den Merkmalen aus dem Patentanspruch 4.The invention relates to an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine with the features from the preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating the internal combustion engine with an exhaust system with the features from claim 4.
Zum technischen Umfeld wird beispielsweise auf die internationale Patentanmeldung mit der internationalen Veröffentlichungsnummer
Eine weitere Abgasanlage mit einem HC-Absorber und einem zu diesem parallelen Abgaskatalysator, sowie ein Fahrzeug mit einer solchen Abgasanlage sind aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift
Ein Dreiwegekatalysator altert erfahrungsgemäß räumlich im Bereich seiner höchsten Betriebstemperatur. Diese wird durch eine exotherme Reaktion räumlich kurz nach dem Eintritt und mit zunehmender Alterung in Strömungsrichtung weiter innen im Katalysator erreicht. Die meisten Katalysatoren sind gestuft aufgebaut und bestehen aus zwei Monolithen. Die Katalysator-Anspringtemperatur (light-off-Temperatur) ist stark abhängig von der Alterung des Katalysators. Eine Verkürzung der Katalysator-Anspringtemperatur wirkt sich positiv auf die erreichbaren, minimalen Emissionen aus, da bei früherem Anspringen weniger Rohemissionen unbehandelt durch den Katalysator gelangen.Experience has shown that a three-way catalytic converter ages spatially in the area of its highest operating temperature. This is achieved through an exothermic reaction shortly after entry and with increasing aging further inside the catalyst in the direction of flow. Most catalytic converters have a tiered structure and consist of two monoliths. The catalyst light-off temperature is heavily dependent on the aging of the catalyst. A shortening of the catalytic converter light-off temperature has a positive effect on the minimum emissions that can be achieved, since when the catalytic converter starts earlier, fewer raw emissions pass untreated through the catalytic converter.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Maßnahme aufzuzeigen, wie die Anspringtemperatur auch für einen gealterten Katalysator schneller erreicht werden kann.The object of the present invention is to provide a measure by which the light-off temperature can also be reached more quickly for an aged catalytic converter.
Diese Aufgabe wird vorrichtungstechnisch durch die Merkmale im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen aus dem Patentanspruch 4 gelöst.In terms of device technology, this object is achieved by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1 and by a method having the features of claim 4.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Advantageous further developments of the invention are described in the subclaims.
Eine Einleitung des Abgasmassenstroms (z. B. durch ein Wastegate-ähnliches Klappensystem) in die Mitte des Katalysators (der Katalysator besteht aus zwei hintereinander angeordneten Monolithen, bzw. Abgasreinigungsanlagen) zwischen den Monolithen nutzt zum Anspringen des Katalysators den relativ weniger gealterten zweiten Monolithen und stellt dadurch ein deutlich schnelleres Katalysatorlight-off und damit weniger Emissionen sicher. Nach dem light-off, dem Erreichen der Betriebstemperatur, bei der der Katalysator Schadstoffe konvertiert, wird die Einleitung des Abgases zwischen den Monolithen wieder verschlossen und der Katalysator arbeitet „normal“, d. h. es wird zuerst die erste Abgasreinigungsanlage und dann die zweite Abgasreinigungsanlage von dem Abgas durchströmt. Dies führt in vorteilhafter Weise zu einer erheblichen Einsparung an Edelmetallen, vor allem im ersten Monolithen, bei dem das alterungsbedingte spätere Anspringen durch eine erhöhte Edelmetallbeladung kompensiert werden müsste. Ebenso ist es denkbar, den zweiten Monolithen als Hochzeller mit einer höheren Zelldichte (cpsi = Zahl der Zellen pro Quadratinch) auszuführen, um ein noch besseres Anspringen bei einer deutlich geringeren Gesamtabgasgegendruckmehrung zu erzielen.Introducing the exhaust gas mass flow (e.g. through a wastegate-like flap system) into the center of the catalytic converter (the catalytic converter consists of two monoliths arranged one behind the other or exhaust gas cleaning systems) between the monoliths uses the relatively less aged second monolith and to start the catalytic converter thus ensures a significantly faster catalyst light-off and thus fewer emissions. After the light-off, when the operating temperature at which the catalytic converter converts pollutants has been reached, the exhaust gas inlet between the monoliths is closed again and the catalytic converter works "normally". H. the exhaust gas flows through first the first exhaust gas purification system and then the second exhaust gas purification system. This advantageously leads to a considerable saving in precious metals, especially in the first monolith, in which the later light-off due to aging would have to be compensated for by an increased precious metal load. It is also conceivable to design the second monolith as a high cell with a higher cell density (cpsi = number of cells per square inch) in order to achieve an even better start with a significantly lower increase in total exhaust gas back pressure.
Die Ausgestaltungen gemäß Patentanspruch 2 und 3 sind besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsvarianten.The configurations according to claims 2 and 3 are particularly preferred design variants.
Mit dieser erfindungsgemäßen Abgasanlage kann nun ein Verfahren gemäß Patentanspruch 4 zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Abgasanlage dargestellt werden, wenn die erste Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung gealtert ist, durch folgende Verfahrensschritte:
- - Starten der Brennkraftmaschine und Einleiten des Abgases durch den zweiten Abgasstrang in die Abgaseinleitstelle zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung (zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Monolithen), bis die zweite Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung ihre light-off-Temperatur erreicht hat,
- - Umschalten des Verschlusselementes und Einleiten des Abgases durch den ersten Abgasstrang vor die erste Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung.
- - Starting the internal combustion engine and introducing the exhaust gas through the second exhaust line into the exhaust gas introduction point between the first and the second exhaust gas cleaning device (between the first and the second monolith), until the second emission control device has reached its light-off temperature,
- - Switching the closure element and introducing the exhaust gas through the first exhaust line upstream of the first exhaust gas cleaning device.
Im Folgenden ist die Erfindung anhand einer einzigen Figur näher erläutert.
-
1 zeigt eine Aufsicht auf eine dreidimensional dargestellte erfindungsgemäße Abgasanlage.
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1 shows a plan view of a three-dimensional exhaust system according to the invention.
Die erfindungsgemäße Abgasanlage
Das Verschlusselement
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Abgasanlage
- - Starten der Brennkraftmaschine und Einleiten des Abgases durch den zweiten Abgasstrang
5 in die Abgaseinleitstelle6 zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung2 ,3 , bis die zweite Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung ihre light-off-Temperatur erreicht hat, - - Umschalten des
Verschlusselementes 7 und Einleiten des Abgases durch den ersten Abgasstrang4 vor die erste Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung2 .
- - Starting the internal combustion engine and introducing the exhaust gas through the second exhaust line
5 into the exhaust gas introduction point6th between the first and second exhaust gas purification devices2 ,3 until the second emission control device has reached its light-off temperature, - - Switching the locking element
7th and introducing the exhaust gas through the first exhaust line4th in front of the first emission control device2 .
Bei der ersten und der zweiten Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung
Eine Einleitung des Abgasmassenstroms in die Mitte des Katalysators (der Katalysator besteht aus zwei hintereinander angeordneten Monolithen) zwischen den Monolithen, der ersten und der zweiten Abgasreinigungsanlage
BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols
- 1.1.
- AbgasanlageExhaust system
- 2.2.
- erste Abgasreinigungsvorrichtungfirst exhaust gas purification device
- 3.3.
- zweite Abgasreinigungsvorrichtungsecond emission control device
- 4.4th
- erster Abgasstrangfirst exhaust line
- 5.5.
- zweiter Abgasstrangsecond exhaust line
- 6.6th
- AbgaseinleitstelleExhaust gas introduction point
- 7.7th
- VerschlusselementClosure element
- 8.8th.
- TurbinengehäuseTurbine housing
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNGQUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturPatent literature cited
- WO 2012/084091 A1 [0002]WO 2012/084091 A1 [0002]
- DE 102011101982 A1 [0003]DE 102011101982 A1 [0003]
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102019130757.0A DE102019130757A1 (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102019130757.0A DE102019130757A1 (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine |
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DE102019130757A1 true DE102019130757A1 (en) | 2021-05-20 |
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DE102019130757.0A Pending DE102019130757A1 (en) | 2019-11-14 | 2019-11-14 | Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102020103865A1 (en) | 2020-02-14 | 2021-08-19 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Internal combustion engine with an exhaust system |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10216537B3 (en) * | 2002-04-15 | 2004-02-05 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc., Dearborn | Reversing device for flowing media, in particular switch valve for the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine |
EP2055909A1 (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2009-05-06 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Method for operating a combustion engine with low emission of pollutants and corresponding combustion engine |
WO2012084091A1 (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2012-06-28 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust system with hc adsorber and parallel exhaust-gas catalytic converter, and vehicle having an exhaust system of said type |
DE102011101982A1 (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2012-11-22 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust system with HC adsorber and parallel catalytic converter and vehicle with such exhaust system |
-
2019
- 2019-11-14 DE DE102019130757.0A patent/DE102019130757A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10216537B3 (en) * | 2002-04-15 | 2004-02-05 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc., Dearborn | Reversing device for flowing media, in particular switch valve for the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine |
EP2055909A1 (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2009-05-06 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Method for operating a combustion engine with low emission of pollutants and corresponding combustion engine |
WO2012084091A1 (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2012-06-28 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust system with hc adsorber and parallel exhaust-gas catalytic converter, and vehicle having an exhaust system of said type |
DE102011101982A1 (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2012-11-22 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust system with HC adsorber and parallel catalytic converter and vehicle with such exhaust system |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102020103865A1 (en) | 2020-02-14 | 2021-08-19 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Internal combustion engine with an exhaust system |
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