DE102018216756A1 - Electrochemical cell, and method for producing an electrochemical cell - Google Patents
Electrochemical cell, and method for producing an electrochemical cell Download PDFInfo
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- DE102018216756A1 DE102018216756A1 DE102018216756.7A DE102018216756A DE102018216756A1 DE 102018216756 A1 DE102018216756 A1 DE 102018216756A1 DE 102018216756 A DE102018216756 A DE 102018216756A DE 102018216756 A1 DE102018216756 A1 DE 102018216756A1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 claims description 16
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Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektrochemische Zelle (12), insbesondere Festoxidbrennstoffzelle (22). Die elektrochemische Zelle zeichnet sich durch zumindest eine durch Bestrahlung mit gepulster, elektromagnetischer Strahlung (16) gesinterte Komponente (20, 42, 60) aus. Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrochemischen Zelle (12), insbesondere einer Festoxidbrennstoffzelle (22), wobei zumindest eine Komponente (20, 42, 60) der elektrochemischen Zelle (12) gesintert wird. Das Verfahren zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die zumindest eine Komponente (20, 42, 60) zumindest teilweise durch Bestrahlung mit gepulster, elektromagnetischer Strahlung (16) gesintert wird.The invention relates to an electrochemical cell (12), in particular a solid oxide fuel cell (22). The electrochemical cell is characterized by at least one component (20, 42, 60) sintered by irradiation with pulsed, electromagnetic radiation (16). The invention also relates to a method for producing an electrochemical cell (12), in particular a solid oxide fuel cell (22), at least one component (20, 42, 60) of the electrochemical cell (12) being sintered. The method is characterized in that the at least one component (20, 42, 60) is at least partially sintered by irradiation with pulsed, electromagnetic radiation (16).
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine elektrochemische Zelle, insbesondere Festoxidbrennstoffzelle, sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrochemischen Zelle, insbesondere einer Festoxidbrennstoffzelle, wobei zumindest eine Komponente der elektrochemischen Zelle gesintert wird.The present invention relates to an electrochemical cell, in particular a solid oxide fuel cell, and a method for producing an electrochemical cell, in particular a solid oxide fuel cell, at least one component of the electrochemical cell being sintered.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Die vorliegende elektrochemische Zelle mit den Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat gegenüber dem Stand der Technik den Vorteil, dass sie zumindest eine durch Bestrahlung mit gepulster, elektromagnetischer Strahlung gesinterte Komponente aufweist. Dadurch unterlag die zumindest eine elektrochemische Komponente einer geringeren thermischen Belastung, wodurch die elektrochemische Zelle eine höhere Materialstabilität und damit eine höhere Lebensdauer aufweist.The present electrochemical cell with the features of the main claim has the advantage over the prior art that it has at least one component sintered by irradiation with pulsed, electromagnetic radiation. As a result, the at least one electrochemical component was subjected to a lower thermal load, as a result of which the electrochemical cell has a higher material stability and thus a longer service life.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Merkmale sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der elektrochemischen Zelle möglich. So ist es vorteilhaft, wenn es sich bei der zumindest einen durch Bestrahlung mit gepulster elektromagnetischer Strahlung gesinterten Komponente um zumindest eine Schicht eines Substrats, insbesondere eines metallgeträgerten Substrats, und/oder eines Funktionsschichtsystems, handelt. Dadurch kann die Lebensdauer der elektrochemischen Zelle besonders erhöht werden.Advantageous developments of the electrochemical cell are possible due to the features listed in the subclaims. It is therefore advantageous if the at least one component sintered by irradiation with pulsed electromagnetic radiation is at least one layer of a substrate, in particular a metal-supported substrate, and / or a functional layer system. This can increase the life of the electrochemical cell particularly.
Auch ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die zumindest eine durch Bestrahlung mit gepulster, elektromagnetischer Strahlung gesinterte Komponente, insbesondere die zumindest eine Schicht, zumindest im Wesentlichen in einer Richtung eine Abmessung, insbesondere eine Schichtdicke, von weniger als 200 µm, insbesondere weniger als 50 µm, vorzugsweise weniger als 20 µm, aufweist, wodurch die elektrochemische Zelle zumindest eine besonders homogen gesinterte Komponente, insbesondere Schicht, mit verbesserten Materialeigenschaften aufweist.It is also advantageous if the at least one component sintered by irradiation with pulsed electromagnetic radiation, in particular the at least one layer, has a dimension, in particular a layer thickness, of less than 200 μm, in particular less than 50 μm, at least essentially in one direction. preferably less than 20 μm, whereby the electrochemical cell has at least one particularly homogeneously sintered component, in particular layer, with improved material properties.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrochemischen Zelle, insbesondere einer elektrochemischen Zelle nach der vorhergehenden Beschreibung. Das Verfahren hat gegenüber dem Stand der Technik den Vorteil, dass die zumindest eine Komponente zumindest teilweise durch Bestrahlung mit gepulster, elektromagnetischer Strahlung gesintert wird. Dadurch kann die zumindest eine Komponente in kürzerer Zeit gesintert werden, wodurch wiederum die thermische Belastung der zumindest einen Komponente reduziert werden kann.The invention also relates to a method for producing an electrochemical cell, in particular an electrochemical cell according to the preceding description. The method has the advantage over the prior art that the at least one component is at least partially sintered by irradiation with pulsed, electromagnetic radiation. As a result, the at least one component can be sintered in a shorter time, which in turn can reduce the thermal load on the at least one component.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Merkmale sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des Verfahrens möglich. So ist es vorteilhaft, wenn es sich bei der zumindest einen Komponente um zumindest eine Schicht eines Substrats, insbesondere eines metallgeträgerten Substrats, und/oder eines Funktionsschichtsystems, handelt, welche durch die Bestrahlung mit gepulster, elektromagnetischer Strahlung gesintert wird. Dadurch kann während eines Sinterprozesses gezielt die thermische Belastung einzelner Schichten reduziert werden.Advantageous further developments of the method are possible due to the features listed in the subclaims. Thus, it is advantageous if the at least one component is at least one layer of a substrate, in particular a metal-supported substrate, and / or a functional layer system, which is sintered by the irradiation with pulsed, electromagnetic radiation. As a result, the thermal load on individual layers can be reduced in a targeted manner during a sintering process.
Auch ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Pulse der gepulsten, elektromagnetischen Strahlung eine Pulsdauer von weniger als 0,1 Sekunde, insbesondere weniger als 0,01 Sekunde, vorzugweise weniger als 0,001 Sekunde, aufweisen, wodurch die Dauer der Sinterung signifikant verkürzt werden kann.It is also advantageous if the pulses of the pulsed electromagnetic radiation have a pulse duration of less than 0.1 second, in particular less than 0.01 second, preferably less than 0.001 second, whereby the duration of the sintering can be shortened significantly.
Vorteilhaft ist es auch, wenn die zumindest eine Komponente zumindest im Wesentlichen in Richtung der Bestrahlung mit einer Abmessung von weniger als 150 µm, insbesondere weniger als 50 µm, vorzugsweise weniger als 20 µm, bereitgestellt wird, wodurch eine besonders gute und homogene Sinterung der zumindest einen Komponente erfolgen kann.It is also advantageous if the at least one component is provided at least substantially in the direction of the radiation with a dimension of less than 150 μm, in particular less than 50 μm, preferably less than 20 μm, as a result of which a particularly good and homogeneous sintering of the at least a component can be made.
Von Vorteil ist es auch, wenn die gepulste, elektromagnetische Strahlung zumindest im Wesentlichen eine Wellenlänge und/oder zumindest im Wesentlichen eine Wellenlängenverteilung aus einem Wellenlängenbereich von 100 nm bis 1000 nm, insbesondere von 100 nm bis 600 nm, vorzugsweise 100 nm bis 300 nm aufweist, wodurch eine besonders effiziente Sinterung erfolgen kann.It is also advantageous if the pulsed electromagnetic radiation has at least essentially a wavelength and / or at least essentially a wavelength distribution from a wavelength range from 100 nm to 1000 nm, in particular from 100 nm to 600 nm, preferably 100 nm to 300 nm , whereby a particularly efficient sintering can take place.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Wellenlänge der gepulsten elektromagnetischen Strahlung so angepasst wird, dass eine Absorptionsrate der zumindest einen Komponente maximal, vorzugsweise höher als eine Absorptionsrate anderer Komponenten der elektromagnetischen Zelle (
Auch ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn zumindest ein nicht zu sinternder Bereich mittels einer Maske abgedeckt wird, wodurch die nicht zu sinternden Bereiche vor einer Bestrahlung verschont werden können.It is also particularly advantageous if at least one area that is not to be sintered is covered by a mask, as a result of which the area is not closed sintering areas can be spared from radiation.
Außerdem kann die zumindest eine Komponente zusätzlich zumindest teilweise durch thermische Behandlung, vorzugsweise in einem Ofen, gesintert werden, wodurch ein Sinterprozess flexibel gestaltet werden kann.In addition, the at least one component can additionally be sintered at least partially by thermal treatment, preferably in an oven, as a result of which a sintering process can be designed flexibly.
FigurenlisteFigure list
In den Zeichnungen ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen
-
1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer Vorrichtung zur Herstellung einer elektrochemischen Zelle mit einer ersten Komponente der elektrochemischen Zelle, -
2 eine schematische Darstellung des Ausführungsbeispiels aus1 mit einer weiteren Komponente der elektrochemischen Zelle, -
3 eine schematische Darstellung des Ausführungsbeispiels aus2 mit einer weiteren Komponente der elektrochemischen Zelle, -
4 eine schematische Darstellung des Ausführungsbeispiels aus3 mit einer weiteren Komponente der elektrochemischen Zelle,
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1 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a device for producing an electrochemical cell with a first component of the electrochemical cell, -
2nd a schematic representation of the embodiment1 with another component of the electrochemical cell, -
3rd a schematic representation of the embodiment2nd with another component of the electrochemical cell, -
4th a schematic representation of the embodiment3rd with another component of the electrochemical cell,
Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments
In der
Des Weiteren ist in
Die erste Schicht
Das Substrat
Das Substrat
Mittels des vorliegenden Verfahrens wird nun die erste Komponente
Darüber hinaus ist es durch die ermöglichte schnelle Sinterung unerheblich, ob die Sinterung in einer reduzierten Atmosphäre abläuft oder an Luft. So kann die Sinterung an Luft erfolgen, wodurch der Aufwand zur Schaffung einer reduzierten Atmosphäre entfällt.In addition, the rapid sintering that is made possible makes it irrelevant whether the sintering takes place in a reduced atmosphere or in air. Sintering can take place in air, which means that there is no need to create a reduced atmosphere.
Im vorliegenden Fall wird die thermische Belastung durch die Bestrahlung mit gepulster, elektromechanischer Strahlung derart reduziert, dass das im Substrat
Entsprechend weist eine elektrochemische Zelle
Des Weiteren ist es denkbar, dass dem Substrat
Neben dem Ausbrennen des Porenbildners aus dem keramischen Substrat
Auch wäre es denkbar das Substrat
Die Pulse der gepulsten, elektromagnetischen Strahlung weisen eine Pulsdauer von weniger als 0,1 Sekunde auf, wodurch die Sinterung sehr schnell und zugleich mit geringer thermischer Belastung erfolgen kann.The pulses of the pulsed, electromagnetic radiation have a pulse duration of less than 0.1 second, as a result of which the sintering can take place very quickly and at the same time with little thermal stress.
Im vorliegenden Fall weist die gepulste, elektromagnetische Strahlung sogar eine Pulsdauer von weniger als 0,01 Sekunde auf, wodurch die thermische Belastung zusätzlich verringert wird, wobei weiterhin eine effiziente Sinterung erfolgt.In the present case, the pulsed, electromagnetic radiation even has a pulse duration of less than 0.01 second, which further reduces the thermal load, while efficient sintering continues to take place.
Bei Bedarf wäre es auch denkbar, dass die gepulste, elektromagnetische Strahlung eine Pulsdauer von weniger als 0,001 Sekunde aufweist, wodurch die thermische Belastung zusätzlich besonders stark verringert werden kann.If necessary, it would also be conceivable for the pulsed electromagnetic radiation to have a pulse duration of less than 0.001 second, as a result of which the thermal load can additionally be reduced particularly strongly.
Die erste Komponente
Die gepulste, elektromagnetische Strahlung weist eine Wellenlängenverteilung aus einem Wellenlängenbereich von 100 nm bis 1000 nm auf, dadurch wird ein ausreichend breites Spektrum an gepulster, elektromagnetischer Strahlung zur Verfügung gestellt, sodass eine effektive Sinterung verschiedener Materialien der Komponenten, bzw. Schichten, erfolgen kann.The pulsed electromagnetic radiation has a wavelength distribution from a wavelength range from 100 nm to 1000 nm, thereby providing a sufficiently broad spectrum of pulsed electromagnetic radiation so that different materials of the components or layers can be sintered effectively.
Im vorliegenden Fall wird die Wellenlänge der gepulsten, elektromagnetischen Strahlung so angepasst, dass eine Absorptionsrate der ersten Komponente
Bei der Bestrahlung der ersten Komponente
In dem in
In
Die Anode
Die Anode
Mittels des vorliegenden Verfahrens wird nun die zweite Komponente
Auch in diesem Fall ist es durch die ermöglichte schnelle Sinterung unerheblich, ob die Sinterung in einer reduzierten Atmosphäre abläuft oder an Luft. So kann die Sinterung auch hier an Luft erfolgen, wodurch der Aufwand zur Schaffung einer reduzierten Atmosphäre entfällt. Durch die schnelle Sinterung werden oxidationsanfällige Materialien, wie beispielsweise Edelstahl im Metallträger
Die zweite Komponente
Die Pulse der gepulsten, elektromagnetischen Strahlung weisen die gleiche Pulsdauer wie die Pulse der gepulsten elektromagnetischen Strahlung aus
Im Gegensatz zu
Alternativ wäre es aber auch denkbar, dass die Wellenlängen zwischen 100 nm und 600 nm liegen, wodurch sowohl die Anode
Des Weiteren wird in dem in
In
Der Elektrolyt
Der Elektrolyt
Wie auch die erste Komponente
Im Gegensatz zur ersten Schicht
Des Weiteren wird, wie in
In
Die Kathode
Die Kathode
In
Außerdem führen die schnelle Sinterung mit gepulster elektromagnetischer Strahlung dazu, dass der Metallträger
In den Beispielen aus
In einer alternativen Ausführung, welche nicht bildlich dargestellt ist, wäre es auch denkbar, dass die einzelnen Komponenten
In einer weiteren alternativen Ausführung, welche nicht bildlich dargestellt ist, wäre es auch denkbar, dass das Funktionsschichtsystem
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturPatent literature cited
- DE 102016223781 A1 [0002]DE 102016223781 A1 [0002]
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WO2012140684A1 (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2012-10-18 | Dyepower | Sintering process of metal oxide based formulations |
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DE102016223781A1 (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2018-05-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel cell with improved robustness |
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