DE102017111126B4 - Sandwich plate for rail vehicles and method for their production - Google Patents
Sandwich plate for rail vehicles and method for their production Download PDFInfo
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- DE102017111126B4 DE102017111126B4 DE102017111126.3A DE102017111126A DE102017111126B4 DE 102017111126 B4 DE102017111126 B4 DE 102017111126B4 DE 102017111126 A DE102017111126 A DE 102017111126A DE 102017111126 B4 DE102017111126 B4 DE 102017111126B4
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- mineral fiber
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Abstract
Sandwich-Platte (100) mit einem Kernelement (110) mit einer Frontfläche (111) und einer Rückfläche (112) sowie jeweils einem die Frontfläche (111) und einem die Rückfläche (112) abdeckenden Verschalungselement (120, 130) als miteinander verbundenen Schichtelementen (110 120, 130), wobei mindestens eines der Schichtelemente (110 120, 130) eine Mineralfaser enthält, die zusammen mit einer aushärtbaren flüssigen Substanz in eine vorherbestimmte feste Form gebracht ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eines der Verschalungselemente (110, 130) eine Mineralfaser enthält, die in eine in vorherbestimmter Form ausgehärtete flüssige Substanz eingebracht ist, wobei die Mineralfaser aus Basalt hergestellt ist, und wobei zum Zweck eines Heizens oder Kühlens zwischen einer Oberfläche des Kernelementes, Frontfläche oder Rückfläche, und einer angrenzenden Fläche eines Verschalungselementes (110, 130) mäanderförmig verlegte Leitungen angeordnet sind. Sandwich panel (100) having a core element (110) with a front surface (111) and a rear surface (112) and one each the front surface (111) and a shuttering element (120, 130) covering the rear surface (112) as interconnected layer elements (110 120, 130), wherein at least one of the layer elements (110 120, 130) contains a mineral fiber, which is brought together with a curable liquid substance in a predetermined solid form, characterized in that at least one of the shuttering elements (110, 130) a mineral fiber incorporated in a predetermined-hardened liquid substance, the mineral fiber made of basalt, and for heating or cooling between a surface of the core member, front surface or rear surface, and an adjacent surface of a shuttering member (110 , 130) meandered lines are arranged.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Sandwich-Platte mit einem Kernelement mit einer Frontfläche und einer Rückfläche sowie jeweils einem die Frontfläche und einem die Rückfläche abdeckenden Verschalungselement als miteinander verbundenen Schichtelementen, wobei mindestens eines der Schichtelemente eine Mineralfaser enthält, die zusammen mit einer aushärtbaren flüssigen Substanz in eine vorherbestimmte feste Form gebracht ist.The invention relates to a sandwich panel having a core element with a front surface and a rear surface and each one the front surface and a rear surface covering shuttering element as interconnected layer elements, wherein at least one of the layer elements contains a mineral fiber, which together with a curable liquid substance in a predetermined solid form is brought.
Die Erfindung betrifft des Weiteren ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Sandwich-Platte mit einem Kernelement mit einer Front- und einer Rückfläche sowie jeweils einem die Frontfläche und einem die Rückfläche abdeckenden Verschalungselement als miteinander verbundenen Schichtelementen.The invention further relates to a method for producing a sandwich panel having a core element with a front and a back surface and in each case a shuttering element covering the front surface and a cover element covering the rear surface as interconnected layer elements.
Sandwich-Platten der eingangs genannten Art werden im Stand der Technik insbesondere zur Innenverkleidung von Schienenfahrzeugen verwendet. Alle für die Innenverkleidung von Schienenfahrzeugen zugelassenen Sandwich-Platten müssen unterschiedlichen gesetzlichen Vorgaben betreffend Festigkeit, Brandsicherheit und Oberflächenbeständigkeit genügen. Die bekannten Sandwich-Platten weisen indes unter anderem den Nachteil auf, dass sie für viele Anwendungsfälle entweder ein zu hohes Gewicht aufweisen und/oder eine zu hohe Wärmeleitfähigkeit und/oder eine zu geringe Schallabsorptionsfähigkeit aufweisen.Sandwich panels of the type mentioned above are used in the prior art, in particular for the interior lining of rail vehicles. All sandwich panels approved for interior lining of rail vehicles must comply with different legal requirements regarding strength, fire safety and surface resistance. The known sandwich panels, however, have, inter alia, the disadvantage that, for many applications, they either have too high a weight and / or have too high a thermal conductivity and / or too low a sound absorption capacity.
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Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Sandwich-Platte sowie ein Verfahren zur deren Herstellung zu schaffen, deren Gewicht, Wärmeleitfähigkeit und Schallabsorptionsfähigkeit flexibel gestaltbar ist.The object of the invention is to provide a sandwich plate and a method for the production thereof, whose weight, thermal conductivity and sound absorption capacity can be flexibly designed.
Für eine Sandwich-Platte der eingangs genannten Art wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass mindestens eines der Verschalungselemente eine Mineralfaser enthält, die in eine in vorherbestimmter Form ausgehärtete flüssige Substanz eingebracht ist, wobei die Mineralfaser aus Basalt hergestellt ist, und wobei zum Zweck eines Heizens oder Kühlens zwischen einer Oberfläche des Kernelementes, Frontfläche oder Rückfläche, und einer angrenzenden Fläche eines Verschalungselementes mäanderförmig verlegte Leitungen angeordnet sind.For a sandwich panel of the type mentioned, this object is achieved in that at least one of the shuttering elements contains a mineral fiber, which is introduced into a hardened in predetermined form liquid substance, wherein the mineral fiber is made of basalt, and wherein for the purpose of Heating or cooling between a surface of the core element, front surface or rear surface, and an adjacent surface of a formwork element meander laid lines are arranged.
Für ein Herstellungsverfahren der eingangs genannten Art wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass mindestens eines der Verschalungselemente eine Mineralfaser enthält, die zusammen mit einer aushärtbaren flüssigen Substanz in eine vorherbestimmte feste Form gebracht wird, wobei die Mineralfaser aus Basalt hergestellt ist, und wobei zum Zweck eines Heizens oder Kühlens der fertigen Sandwich-Platte zwischen einer Oberfläche des Kernelementes, Frontfläche oder Rückfläche, und einer angrenzenden Fläche eines Verschalungselementes mäanderförmig verlegte Leitungen angeordnet werden.For a manufacturing method of the type mentioned above, this object is achieved in that at least one of the shuttering elements contains a mineral fiber, which is brought together with a curable liquid substance in a predetermined solid form, wherein the mineral fiber is made of basalt, and where for the purpose a heating or cooling of the finished sandwich panel between a surface of the core element, front surface or rear surface, and an adjoining surface of a formwork element meander laid lines are arranged.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche der jeweiligen unabhängigen Patentansprüche, deren Elemente im Sinne einer weiteren Verbesserung des Lösungsansatzes der der Erfindung zugrunde gelegten Aufgabe wirken.Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims of the respective independent claims, the elements of which act in the sense of a further improvement of the approach of the invention underlying the object.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Sandwich-Platte wird mit Hilfe der Merkmalskombination, dass in mindestens eines der Verschalungselemente eine Mineralfaser enthält, die in eine in vorherbestimmter Form ausgehärtete flüssige Substanz eingebracht ist, wobei die Mineralfaser aus Basalt hergestellt ist, und wobei zum Zweck eines Heizens oder Kühlens zwischen einer Oberfläche des Kernelementes, Frontfläche oder Rückfläche, und einer angrenzenden Fläche eines Verschalungselementes mäanderförmig verlegte Leitungen angeordnet sind, eine im Stand der Technik unerreichte Flexibilität betreffend die Parameter Gewicht, Wärmeleitfähigkeit und Schall-absorptionsfähigkeit ermöglicht.In the sandwich panel according to the invention, using the feature combination, at least one of the shuttering elements contains a mineral fiber incorporated in a predetermined hardened liquid substance, the mineral fiber being made of basalt, and for the purpose of heating or cooling between a surface of the core element, front surface or rear surface, and an adjoining surface of a formwork element meandered lines are arranged, allowing an unmatched in the art flexibility regarding the parameters weight, thermal conductivity and sound absorption.
Die gleichen Vorteile werden mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens erreicht.The same advantages are achieved by means of the method according to the invention.
Gemäß einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Sandwich-Platte ist bei Kernelementen, die keine aus Basalt hergestellte Mineralfaser enthalten, vorgesehen, dass das Kernelement eine poröse Struktur aufweist. So kann das Kernelement beispielsweise aus einem auf Basis eines Kunststoffmaterials erstellten Schaumstoff hergestellt sein, oder es kann eine metallische Wabenstruktur aufweisen.According to a first preferred embodiment of the sandwich panel according to the invention, in core elements which do not contain basalt-made mineral fibers, it is provided that the core element has a porous structure. For example, the core element can be made from a foam made from a plastic material, or it can have a metallic honeycomb structure.
Die im Zusammenhang mit der festen Formgebung eines Schichtelementes verwendete aushärtbare flüssige Substanz kann beispielsweise ein Harz oder ein Klebstoff sein.The curable liquid substance used in connection with the solid shaping of a layer element may be, for example, a resin or an adhesive.
Des Weiteren sind die Verschalungselemente vorzugsweise mittels eines Harzes oder eines Klebstoffes fest mit dem Kernelement verbunden.Furthermore, the shuttering elements are preferably firmly connected to the core element by means of a resin or an adhesive.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Sandwich-Platte ist die Mineralfaser mittels eines aushärtbaren Aerogels, also einem mit Luft untermischten Harz oder Klebstoff in die vorherbestimmte Form gebracht.According to a further preferred embodiment of the sandwich panel according to the invention, the mineral fiber is brought into the predetermined shape by means of a curable airgel, that is, a resin or adhesive mixed with air.
Gemäß einer anderen bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Sandwich-Platte weist das Gemisch aus Mineralfaser und aushärtbarer flüssiger Substanz als Edukt durch Aufschäumung mittels eines Gases eine poröse Struktur auf.According to another preferred embodiment of the sandwich panel according to the invention, the mixture of mineral fiber and curable liquid substance as educt by foaming by means of a gas on a porous structure.
Ein Hohlraumvolumen der porösen Struktur ist dabei vorzugsweise gewählt, um dem ausgehärteten Produkt ein vorherbestimmtes Gewicht und/oder eine vorherbestimmte Wärmeleitfähigkeit und/oder eine vorherbestimmte Schallabsorptionsfähigkeit vorzugeben.A void volume of the porous structure is preferably selected in order to predetermine a predetermined weight and / or a predetermined thermal conductivity and / or a predetermined sound absorption capacity of the cured product.
Die Mineralfaser kann in einem Schichtelement beispielsweise in Form eines eine gerichtete Struktur aufweisenden Rowings, einer eine gerichtete Struktur aufweisenden Matte mit einer hohen Anzahl ungerichteter Mineralfasern, eines eine vorgegebene Struktur aufweisenden Gewebes oder in Form einer strukturlosen Schnitzelanhäufung angeordnet sein. Gemäß einer wichtigen bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Sandwich-Platte enthalten sowohl das Kernelement als auch die Verschalungselemente eine aus Basalt hergestellte Mineralfaser, die zusammen mit einer aushärtbaren flüssigen Substanz in eine vorherbestimmte feste Form gebracht ist.The mineral fiber can be arranged in a layer element, for example in the form of a directed structure of a roving, of a directional structure having a high number of undirected mineral fibers, of a fabric having a predetermined structure or in the form of a structureless chip accumulation. According to an important preferred embodiment of the sandwich panel according to the invention, both the core element and the shuttering elements comprise a mineral fiber made of basalt which is brought into a predetermined solid form together with a curable liquid substance.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Sandwich-Platte weist das Kernelement gegenüber den Verschalungselementen eine unterschiedliche Dichte auf.According to a further preferred embodiment of the sandwich panel according to the invention, the core element has a different density than the shuttering elements.
Gemäß einer Standardausführung sind die Mineralfasern des Kernelementes sowie der Verschalungselemente mittels der aushärtbaren flüssigen Substanz zu einem rechteckigen Paneel geformt.According to a standard embodiment, the mineral fibers of the core element and the shuttering elements are formed by means of the curable liquid substance into a rectangular panel.
Indes können das Kernelement sowie die Verschalungselemente zum Zweck einer verbesserten Haftung im Wege einer Oberflächenvergrößerung im Bereich ihrer aneinander angrenzenden Flächen eine konkav/konvex gebogene Formgebung aufweisen.However, the core element as well as the shuttering elements can have a concave / convexly curved shape for the purpose of improved adhesion by means of an increase in surface area in the region of their adjoining surfaces.
Darüber hinaus können das Kernelement sowie die Verschalungselemente mittels der aushärtbaren flüssigen Substanz in eine vorherbestimmte 3-dimensionale Form gebracht sein.In addition, the core element and the shuttering elements can be brought into a predetermined 3-dimensional shape by means of the curable liquid substance.
Zum Zweck eines Heizens oder eines Kühlens der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sind zwischen einer Oberfläche des Kernelementes, Frontfläche oder Rückfläche, und einer angrenzenden Fläche eines Verschalungselementes mäanderförmig verlegte Leitungen angeordnet. Eine entsprechende Leitung kann dabei als Rohrleitung zum Durchfluss eines Kühl- oder Heizmediums oder als elektrischer Widerstandsdraht mit der Wirkung eines Heizmediums ausgelegt sein.For the purpose of heating or cooling the device according to the invention meandering lines are arranged between a surface of the core element, front surface or rear surface, and an adjacent surface of a shuttering element. A corresponding line can be designed as a pipe to flow through a cooling or heating medium or as an electrical resistance wire with the effect of a heating medium.
Gemäß einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird zur Herstellung eines Schichtelementes im Wege einer Vorkonfektionierung ein mit Luft getränktes Harz (Aerogel), eine mit Luft getränkte viskose klebrige Flüssigkeit oder ein koagulativ wirkendes Pulver auf die Mineralfaser aufgebracht. Eine Vorkonfektionierung wird dabei vorzugsweise in einem Bad mit anschließender Wärmehärtung vorgenommen.According to a first preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, an air-impregnated resin (airgel), an air-soaked viscous sticky liquid or a coagulant powder is applied to the mineral fiber to produce a layered element by way of prefabrication. A prefabrication is preferably carried out in a bath with subsequent heat curing.
Vorzugsweise werden Faser-Harz-Komponenten erstellt, die in vorgehärteter oder ausgehärteter Form im weiteren Fertigungsprozess zusammen verarbeitet werden.Preferably, fiber-resin components are created, which are processed together in pre-cured or cured form in the further manufacturing process.
Eine Verpressung der Faser-Harz-Komponenten erfolgt dann vorzugsweise in einem Autoklav unter Vakuum oder mittels einer Heiß-Presse.Compression of the fiber-resin components is then preferably carried out in an autoclave under vacuum or by means of a hot press.
Des Weiteren wird die Mineralfaser vorzugsweise mittels eines aushärtbaren Aerogels (einem mit Luft untermischten Harz oder Klebstoff) in eine vorherbestimmte Form gebracht. Furthermore, the mineral fiber is preferably brought into a predetermined shape by means of a curable airgel (an air-blended resin or adhesive).
Die erfindungsgemäße Sandwich-Platte wird im Folgenden anhand einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform erläutert, die in den Figuren der Zeichnung dargestellt ist. Darin zeigt:
-
1 eine schematisch dargestellte bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Sandwich-Platte in einer Ansicht von schräg oben.
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1 a schematically illustrated preferred embodiment of the sandwich panel according to the invention in a view obliquely from above.
Die in der
Das Kernelement
Das Hohlraumvolumen der porösen Struktur des Kernelementes
Die aushärtbare flüssige Substanz ist von einem Harz gebildet, und die Verschalungselemente
Die Mineralfaser der Verschalungselemente
Die Mineralfaser in den Verschalungselementen
Das oben erläuterte Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dient lediglich dem Zweck eines besseren Verständnisses der durch die Ansprüche vorgegebenen erfindungsgemäßen Lehre, die als solche durch das Ausführungsbeispiel nicht eingeschränkt ist.The above-described embodiment of the invention is merely for the purpose of better understanding of the teaching of the invention predetermined by the teaching, which is not limited as such by the embodiment.
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
- 100 =100 =
- Sandwich-PlatteSandwich panel
- 110 =110 =
- Kernelementcore element
- 111 =111 =
- Frontflächefront surface
- 112 =112 =
- Rückflächerear surface
- 110, 120, 130 =110, 120, 130 logo CNRS logo INIST
- Schichtelementelayer elements
- 120, 130 =120, 130 =
- Verschalungselementeformwork elements
Claims (7)
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006071463A2 (en) | 2004-12-29 | 2006-07-06 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology Ii, Llc. | Sandwich composite material using an air-laid process and wet glass |
DE102011082087A1 (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2012-03-22 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Core material for e.g. aircraft wing, has honeycomb webs that are filled in cavities between fiber strands of filler provided in metal plates, through bonding agent |
WO2015153475A1 (en) | 2014-03-30 | 2015-10-08 | Ayithi Veera | Systems and methods of producing a structural and non-structural homogeneous and hybrid composite panels, prepregs, hand layup panels with "basalt" fiber, various composite materials, and additives |
DE102015007885A1 (en) | 2015-06-20 | 2016-12-22 | Daimler Ag | Method for producing a composite component for a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, and composite component for a vehicle |
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2017
- 2017-05-22 DE DE102017111126.3A patent/DE102017111126B4/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2006071463A2 (en) | 2004-12-29 | 2006-07-06 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Technology Ii, Llc. | Sandwich composite material using an air-laid process and wet glass |
DE102011082087A1 (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2012-03-22 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Core material for e.g. aircraft wing, has honeycomb webs that are filled in cavities between fiber strands of filler provided in metal plates, through bonding agent |
WO2015153475A1 (en) | 2014-03-30 | 2015-10-08 | Ayithi Veera | Systems and methods of producing a structural and non-structural homogeneous and hybrid composite panels, prepregs, hand layup panels with "basalt" fiber, various composite materials, and additives |
DE102015007885A1 (en) | 2015-06-20 | 2016-12-22 | Daimler Ag | Method for producing a composite component for a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, and composite component for a vehicle |
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