DE102016106124A1 - Process for the production of duroplastic molded parts - Google Patents
Process for the production of duroplastic molded parts Download PDFInfo
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- DE102016106124A1 DE102016106124A1 DE102016106124.7A DE102016106124A DE102016106124A1 DE 102016106124 A1 DE102016106124 A1 DE 102016106124A1 DE 102016106124 A DE102016106124 A DE 102016106124A DE 102016106124 A1 DE102016106124 A1 DE 102016106124A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/03—Injection moulding apparatus
- B29C45/12—Injection moulding apparatus using two or more fixed moulds, e.g. in tandem
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14778—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the article consisting of a material with particular properties, e.g. porous, brittle
- B29C45/14786—Fibrous material or fibre containing material, e.g. fibre mats or fibre reinforced material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
- B29C70/48—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
- B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/045—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with vegetable or animal fibrous material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/046—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with synthetic macromolecular fibrous material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/1418—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure
- B29C2045/14237—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure the inserts being deformed or preformed outside the mould or mould cavity
- B29C2045/14245—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure the inserts being deformed or preformed outside the mould or mould cavity using deforming or preforming means outside the mould cavity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
- B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2945/76494—Controlled parameter
- B29C2945/76531—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
- B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2945/76655—Location of control
- B29C2945/76732—Mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
- B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2945/76822—Phase or stage of control
- B29C2945/76859—Injection
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
- B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2945/76822—Phase or stage of control
- B29C2945/76869—Mould clamping, compression of the cavity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/1418—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C45/78—Measuring, controlling or regulating of temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2333/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2363/00—Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2371/00—Characterised by the use of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2371/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
- C08J2371/14—Furfuryl alcohol polymers
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Die Anmeldung betrifft ein vereinfachtes Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formteils mit einem faserverstärkten Träger und mindestens einem damit verbundenen aus einem Kunststoff gebildeten Anbauteil, wobei das Formteil insbesondere zur Verwendung oder Weiterverarbeitung als Dekorteil in Innenräumen von Transportvorrichtungen aller Art – wie Kraftfahrzeugen, Schiffen und oder von Flugzeugen – geeignet ist.The application relates to a simplified method for producing a molded part with a fiber-reinforced carrier and at least one attached thereto made of a plastic attachment, wherein the molding in particular for use or further processing as a decorative part in interiors of transport devices of all kinds - such as motor vehicles, ships and or aircraft - suitable is.
Description
Technisches Gebiet Technical area
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein vereinfachtes Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formteils mit einem faserverstärkten Träger und mindestens einem damit verbundenen aus einem Kunststoff gebildeten Anbauteil, wobei das Formteil insbesondere zur Verwendung oder Weiterverarbeitung als Dekorteil in Innenräumen von Transportvorrichtungen aller Art – wie Kraftfahrzeugen, Schiffen und/oder von Flugzeugen – geeignet ist. The present invention relates to a simplified method for producing a molded part with a fiber-reinforced support and at least one attached thereto made of a plastic attachment, wherein the molding in particular for use or further processing as a decorative part in interiors of transport devices of all kinds - such as motor vehicles, ships and / or of aircraft - is suitable.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Aus dem Stand der Technik ist es bekannt, Träger für Dekorteile – beispielsweise für Türinnenverkleidungen, Türmittelfelder, Mittelkonsolen, Instrumententafeln usw. – im Spritzgussverfahren oder mittels Pressen von thermo-/duroplastischen Naturfasermattensystemen herzustellen. From the prior art, it is known to produce carriers for decorative parts - for example, door inner panels, door center panels, center consoles, instrument panels, etc. - by injection molding or by pressing thermo / thermosetting natural fiber mat systems.
Die Verbindung der so hergestellten Träger mit Funktionselementen (Kunststoffteilen) – wie beispielsweise Versteifungsrippen, Befestigungsmitteln etc. – erfolgt typischerweise durch das Ankleben oder Anschweißen der Kunststoffteile an das Trägermaterial. The connection of the carrier produced with functional elements (plastic parts) - such as stiffening ribs, fasteners, etc. - typically takes place by sticking or welding the plastic parts to the carrier material.
Abschließend werden die erwähnten Träger dann mit Dekoren kaschiert. Finally, the mentioned carrier are then laminated with decors.
Ein alternatives Herstellungsverfahren stellt das direkte Hinterspritzen eines Dekors dar. An alternative manufacturing method is the direct injection molding of a decor.
Im Falle verpresster Trägerteile werden die Arbeitsschritte Verpressen der Trägermatte und Spritzen der Funktionselemente und Verbinden der Funktionselemente mit dem verpressten Träger üblicherweise in unterschiedlichen Arbeitsschritten und mit unterschiedlichen Werkzeugen ausgeführt. In the case of compressed carrier parts, the operations of pressing the carrier mat and spraying the functional elements and connecting the functional elements to the compressed carrier are usually carried out in different steps and with different tools.
So beschreibt die deutsche Offenlegungsschrift
Ein vergleichbares Verfahren und eine vergleichbare Vorrichtung sind in der deutschen Patentschrift
In beiden der oben genannten Fälle werden die Funktionselemente oder Kunststoffteile an die Naturfasermatte angespritzt. Eine verbesserte Integration der gepressten Matte und der Funktionsteile erfordert allerdings weitere Arbeitsschritte – ggf. unter Einsatz zusätzlicher Vorrichtungen. In both of the above cases, the functional elements or plastic parts are molded onto the natural fiber mat. However, an improved integration of the pressed mat and the functional parts requires further work steps - if necessary, using additional devices.
Eine Verbesserung der Integration zwischen Naturfasermatte und Funktionselementen ist der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift
Allerdings hat sich diese Verfahrensführung insofern als nachteilig erwiesen, als es erforderlich ist, den Formungsschritt für die faserverstärkte Matte – auf der einen Seite – und die Beaufschlagung mit der Kunststoffschmelze zur Anformung des Anbauteils – auf der anderen Seite – auf unterschiedlichen Temperaturniveaus durchzuführen, was das Gesamtverfahren aufwendiger und damit zeitintensiver macht. However, this procedure has proven to be disadvantageous in that it is necessary to perform the molding step for the fiber-reinforced mat - on the one hand - and the application of the plastic melt for molding of the attachment - on the other side - at different temperature levels, which Overall process more complex and thus time-consuming.
Unter dem Aspekt einer effizienteren Produktion derartiger Formteile stellt sich die Aufgabe, ein verbessertes Verfahren zur Verfügung zu stellen, das es ermöglicht, den Herstellungsprozess der Formteile zu vereinfachen bzw. zeitlich zu verkürzen. From the point of view of a more efficient production of such moldings, the object is to provide an improved method that makes it possible to simplify the manufacturing process of the molded parts or shorten in time.
Beschreibung der Erfindung Description of the invention
Somit besteht eine zentrale Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung darin, die Integration eines gepressten, faserverstärkten Trägers mit Kunststoff aufweisenden Anbauteilen zur Herstellung eines Formteils zu vereinfachen, insbesondere das Ausbilden eines oder mehrerer Anbauteile an dem Träger unter vereinfachter Temperaturführung zu ermöglichen. Thus, a central object of the present invention is to simplify the integration of a pressed, fiber-reinforced carrier with plastic-mounted attachments for the production of a molded part, in particular to allow the formation of one or more attachments to the carrier under a simplified temperature control.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit einem Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Daneben betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Formteile als Verbundwerkstoff-Halbzeug gemäß Anspruch 9 sowie Fahrzeugteile, die dieses Verbundwerkstoff-Halbzeug gemäß Anspruch 10 enthalten. Weitere Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der entsprechenden Unteransprüche. This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1. In addition, the present invention relates to the use of the molded parts according to the invention as a composite semifinished product according to claim 9 and vehicle parts, this composite material Semifinished product according to
Vorrichtungen zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. So offenbart die deutsche Offenlegungsschrift
Dabei weist die Vorrichtung zumindest zwei Werkzeugkomponenten (
Daneben weist zumindest eine Werkzeugkomponente (
Der Nachteil dieses Herstellverfahrens besteht darin, dass der Schritt des duroplastischen Formpressens der Matte gemäß den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren je nach dem eingesetzten Material auf einem Temperaturniveau von ca. 140 bis 200 °C erfolgt, während der Schritt des Spritzgießens in einem Temperaturintervall von ca. 20 bis 80 °C durchführbar ist, was die Einhaltung eines Zeitintervalls für die Abkühlung des Werkzeugs auf das niedrigere Temperaturniveau erforderlich macht. The disadvantage of this production method is that the step of thermoset molding of the mat according to the methods known from the prior art, depending on the material used at a temperature level of about 140 to 200 ° C, while the step of injection molding in a temperature interval From about 20 to 80 ° C is feasible, which makes it necessary to maintain a time interval for the cooling of the tool to the lower temperature level.
Unter dem Aspekt einer effizienteren Produktion derartiger Formteile stellt sich die Aufgabe, auf der die vorliegende Erfindung basiert, ein Verfahren zur Verfügung zu stellen, das es ermöglicht, den Herstellungsprozess der Formteile zu vereinfachen bzw. zu verkürzen. From the aspect of more efficient production of such moldings, the object on which the present invention is based is to provide a method which makes it possible to simplify or shorten the manufacturing process of the moldings.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dieses Ziel durch eine Kombination von Niedertemperatur Heißpressen für das Ausformen des faserverstärkten Trägers und einem Spritzgussprozess mit einem technischen Kunststoff erreicht. According to the invention, this goal is achieved by a combination of low-temperature hot pressing for the molding of the fiber-reinforced carrier and an injection molding process with a technical plastic.
Für die Herstellung des Trägers eignen sich Polymere, vorzugsweise Duromere, die im Niedertemperaturbereich von 100–140°C verformbar sind. Besonders bevorzugt eignen sich sog. Acrylatharze, Phenolharze oder Epoxydharze, deren Reaktionstemperatur ggf. mittels geeigneter Aktivatoren herabgesetzt werden kann. Eine ganze Reihe vo Acrylatharzen sind unter der Bezeichnung Acrodur® kommerziell verfügbar. Ggf. können auch sog. Polymerblends eingesetzt werden. For the preparation of the carrier are polymers, preferably thermosets, which are deformable in the low temperature range of 100-140 ° C. Particularly suitable are so-called. Acrylate resins, phenolic resins or epoxy resins, the reaction temperature may optionally be reduced by means of suitable activators. A whole series vo acrylate resins are commercially available under the name Acrodur ®. Possibly. It is also possible to use so-called polymer blends.
Für den simultan zur Ausformung durchzuführenden Spritzgussprozess eignen sich technische Kunststoffe, die sich für eine Verarbeitung in dem oben angegebenen Temperaturintervall anbieten. Aus dem Stand der Technik ist eine große Anzahl von derartigen technischen Polymeren bekannt, wie beispielsweise Polyamide (PA), Polyethylenterephtalat (PET), Polybutylenterephtalat (PBT), Polyoxmethylen (POM), und/oder Polycarbonat (PC), worunter Polybutylenterephtalat (PBT), Polycarbonat (PC) und Polyamide (PA), bevorzugt werden. Ggf. können auch geeignete Copolymere und/oder Polymerblends eingesetzt werden. For the injection molding process to be carried out simultaneously for molding, engineering plastics suitable for processing in the temperature interval indicated above are suitable. A large number of such engineering polymers are known in the art, such as polyamides (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyoxymethylene (POM), and / or polycarbonate (PC), including polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). , Polycarbonate (PC) and polyamides (PA) are preferred. Possibly. It is also possible to use suitable copolymers and / or polymer blends.
Den oben genannten Kunststoffen können während der Herstellung sogenannte Additive zugesetzt werden (Compoundierung), die der genauen Einstellung der Materialeigenschaften auf die Bedürfnisse des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens dienen. The above-mentioned plastics can be added during the production of so-called additives (compounding), which serve the precise adjustment of the material properties to the needs of the method according to the invention.
So können die Kunststoffe Weichmacher – wie z.B. Phthalsäureester – aufweisen, welche die Sprödigkeit, Härte und Glastemperatur eines Kunststoffes beeinflussen und ihn so besser form- und verarbeitbar machen. Des Weiteren können sog. Extender (sekundäre Weichmacher) – wie z.B. epoxidierte Öle, hochsiedende Mineralöle und Paraffine – vorhanden sein, die ebenfalls die Verarbeitbarkeit verbessern. Thus, the plastics can plasticizers - such. Phthalic acid ester - have, which affect the brittleness, hardness and glass transition temperature of a plastic, making it better moldable and processable. In addition, so-called extenders (secondary plasticizers) - e.g. epoxidized oils, high boiling mineral oils and paraffins - which also improve processability.
Daneben können die eingesetzten Kunststoffe über Stabilisatoren verfügen, die der Verbesserung der chemischen Eigenschaften dienen und den Kunststoff vor schädigenden Einflüssen – wie Oxidation, (UV- oder Wärme-)Strahlung schützen und somit seine Lebensdauer verlängern. In addition, the plastics used can have stabilizers which serve to improve the chemical properties and protect the plastic from harmful influences - such as oxidation, (UV or heat) radiation and thus extend its service life.
Weiterhin können die Kunststoffe – insbesondere wenn die hergestellten Formteile in der Luftfahrt eingesetzt werden sollen – Flammschutzmittel – wie z.B. polybromierte Diphenylether (PBDE), Aluminiumhydroxid (Al(OH)3) (ATH) oder phosphorhaltige Verbindungen – aufweisen. Furthermore, the plastics - especially if the molded parts are to be used in aviation - flame retardants - such as polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE), aluminum hydroxide (Al (OH) 3 ) (ATH) or phosphorus-containing compounds - have.
Letztendlich können die Kunststoffe – in Abhängigkeit von dem vorgesehen Verwendungszweck – Füllstoffe, Verstärkungsstoffe oder Pigmente aufweisen. Ultimately, the plastics can - depending on the intended use - Have fillers, reinforcing agents or pigments.
In einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird eine faserverstärkte Matte (
Durch das Schließen der Werkzeugkomponenten (
Nach dem Abkühlen kann das verfestigte Formteil, das sich aus einem faserverstärkten Träger und einem damit verbundenen Anbauteil zusammensetzt, aus dem Werkzeug entnommen werden. After cooling, the solidified molded part, which is composed of a fiber-reinforced carrier and an associated attachment, are removed from the tool.
Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren weisen die Werkzeugkomponenten (
Der faserverstärkte Träger bzw. die Matte beinhaltet ein Niedertemperatur-Harzsystem, das bevorzugt durch ein Acrylatharz, ein Epoxydharz oder durch einen Polyfurfurylalkohol verkörpert wird. Weitere Niedertemperatur-Harzsysteme sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. The fiber reinforced backing or mat includes a low temperature resin system, which is preferably embodied by an acrylate resin, an epoxy resin, or by a polyfurfuryl alcohol. Other low temperature resin systems are known in the art.
Daneben kann das Niedertemperatur-Harzsystem in einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform einen Aktivator enthalten, der die für die Bildung des verfestigten Harzes – beispielsweise durch eine schwächere Vernetzung – erforderliche Reaktionstemperatur absenkt. In addition, in a further preferred embodiment, the low-temperature resin system may contain an activator which lowers the reaction temperature required for the formation of the solidified resin, for example by a weaker crosslinking.
Der faserverstärkte Träger kann Fasern synthetischen Ursprungs und/oder Naturfasern enthalten. Synthetische Fasern sind aus dem Stand der Technik in großer Zahl bekannt. Als Beispiele seien Polyamidfasern, Polyesterfasern, Polyolefinfasern, Polyvinylchloridfasern, Polyacrylnitrilfasern, Polyethersulfonfasern, Polyvinylalkoholfasern, Polyvinylidenfasern, Polytetrafluorethylenfasern und Polyurethanfasern genannt, worunter hochfeste Synthesefasern und Standardsynthesefasern aus Polyethersulfonen (PES) oder aus Polyacrylnitril (PAN) bevorzugt werden. The fiber-reinforced carrier may contain fibers of synthetic origin and / or natural fibers. Synthetic fibers are well known in the art. Examples which may be mentioned are polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, polyolefin fibers, polyvinyl chloride fibers, polyacrylonitrile fibers, polyethersulfone fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, polyvinylidene fibers, polytetrafluoroethylene fibers and polyurethane fibers, of which high-strength synthetic fibers and standard synthetic fibers of polyethersulfones (PES) or of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) are preferred.
Die Naturfasern können organischen (pflanzlichen oder tierischen) oder anorganischen Ursprungs (mineralisch) sein. Als Material für die Naturfasern haben sich Kenaf, Flachs, Jute, Hanf, Sisal, Bambus, Kokos, Abaca, Seegras und/oder Holzfasern bewährt. Als mineralische Fasern seien zum Beispiel Glasfasern, Basaltfasern und/oder Kohlenstofffasern genannt. Diese Fasern gewährleisten sehr leichte und feste Faserverbunde und sind ferner vergleichsweise gut und kostengünstig verfügbar. The natural fibers may be organic (vegetable or animal) or inorganic (mineral) origin. Kenaf, flax, jute, hemp, sisal, bamboo, coconut, abaca, seagrass and / or wood fibers have proven to be the natural fiber material. Examples of mineral fibers are glass fibers, basalt fibers and / or carbon fibers. These fibers ensure very light and strong fiber composites and are also comparatively good and inexpensive available.
Erfindungsgemäß verkörpert der für die Ausbildung des Anbauteils eingesetzte Kunststoff einen technischen Kunststoff, bevorzugt ein Polyamid (PA) oder ein Polybutylenterephthalat (PBT). According to the invention, the plastic used for the formation of the attachment embodies a technical plastic, preferably a polyamide (PA) or a polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).
Daneben hat die vorliegende Erfindung die Verwendung eines erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Formteils als Verbundwerkstoff-Halbzeug zum Gegenstand. Bevorzugt wird das so hergestellte Verbundwerkstoff-Halbzeug im Fahrzeugbau und besonders im Kraftfahrzeugbau oder im Luftfahrzeugbau eingesetzt. In addition, the present invention has the use of a molded part according to the invention as a composite semifinished product for the subject. Preferably, the composite semifinished product thus produced is used in vehicle construction and especially in motor vehicle construction or in aircraft construction.
Des Weiteren betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Fahrzeugteil, das ein erfindungsgemäß hergestelltes Verbundwerkstoff-Halbzeug enthält, wobei das Fahrzeugteil ein Bestandteil der Fahrzeuginnenverkleidung ist. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a vehicle part which contains a composite semifinished product produced according to the invention, wherein the vehicle part is a component of the vehicle interior trim.
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- DE 102004054228 A1 [0007] DE 102004054228 A1 [0007]
- DE 69222130 T2 [0008] DE 69222130 T2 [0008]
- DE 102011005350 A1 [0010, 0010, 0015] DE 102011005350 A1 [0010, 0010, 0015]
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DE102016106124.7A DE102016106124B4 (en) | 2016-04-04 | 2016-04-04 | Process for producing a molded part, use of the molded part as a composite material semifinished product and vehicle part containing the molded part |
CN201710218428.7A CN107263796B (en) | 2016-04-04 | 2017-04-05 | Method for producing thermosetting molded article |
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WO2023287761A1 (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2023-01-19 | Cubic Corporation | Composite automatic gate paddle |
EP4186666A1 (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2023-05-31 | Faurecia Intérieur Industrie | Method for manufacturing a trim element and associated trim element |
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CN110450350B (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2021-07-02 | 港威奥图亚有限公司 | Method for producing a model body |
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EP4186666A1 (en) | 2021-11-30 | 2023-05-31 | Faurecia Intérieur Industrie | Method for manufacturing a trim element and associated trim element |
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DE102016106124B4 (en) | 2021-06-02 |
CN107263796A (en) | 2017-10-20 |
CN107263796B (en) | 2021-07-06 |
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