DE102016006247A1 - "Arrangement for laser-induced melting of filaments for 3D printers" - Google Patents
"Arrangement for laser-induced melting of filaments for 3D printers" Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102016006247A1 DE102016006247A1 DE102016006247.9A DE102016006247A DE102016006247A1 DE 102016006247 A1 DE102016006247 A1 DE 102016006247A1 DE 102016006247 A DE102016006247 A DE 102016006247A DE 102016006247 A1 DE102016006247 A1 DE 102016006247A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- bore
- optically transparent
- nozzle body
- arrangement according
- filament
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/20—Cooling means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/49—Scanners
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/53—Nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
- B23K26/032—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece using optical means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
- B23K26/034—Observing the temperature of the workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/1462—Nozzles; Features related to nozzles
- B23K26/1464—Supply to, or discharge from, nozzles of media, e.g. gas, powder, wire
- B23K26/1476—Features inside the nozzle for feeding the fluid stream through the nozzle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
Anordnung für eine Laserheizung zum Aufschmelzen von Filamenten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Laserheizung (1) den Druckkopf (6), die axiale Bohrung (6') zur Durchführung des Filaments (5) und wenigstens eine Bohrung (7) und wenigstens eine Bohrung (14) und das Außengewinde (8) aufweist, und dass der optisch transparente Düsenkörper (9), vorzugsweise aus Quarzglas die Senkung (13), den Umlenkringspiegel (11), die Düse (12) und das Innengewinde (10) aufweist, wobei wenigstens ein Laser (3) gleicher oder unterschiedlicher elektromagnetischer Wellenlänge und leistungssteuerbar durch die Bohrung (7) bzw. die Bohrungen (7n) über den Umlenkringspiegel (11) auf das Filament (5) geführt wird und die durch die Aufschmelzung des Filaments (5) bedingte Infrarotstrahlung (15) über den Umlenkringspiegel (11) und die Bohrung (14) auf wenigstens einen Infrarotsensor (16) geführt wird, die flexible Ringdichtung (17), die Kühlluft Zufuhr (18), den Spalt (19), den Endanschlag (20), den Kühlluft Kanal (21n) und den Ringspalt (22), wobei alle notwendigen Steuermaßnahmen einschließlich der Temperatursteuerung, der Kühlluft Zufuhr (18) und des Filament Vorschubes (4) über die zentrale Steuerelektronik (2) geregelt werden.Arrangement for a laser heater for melting filaments, characterized in that the laser heater (1) comprises the print head (6), the axial bore (6 ') for passing the filament (5) and at least one bore (7) and at least one bore (6). 14) and the external thread (8), and that the optically transparent nozzle body (9), preferably of quartz glass, the counterbore (13), the Umlenkringspiegel (11), the nozzle (12) and the internal thread (10), wherein at least a laser (3) of equal or different electromagnetic wavelength and power controllable through the bore (7) and the bores (7n) on the Umlenkringspiegel (11) on the filament (5) is guided and caused by the melting of the filament (5) Infrared radiation (15) via the Umlenkringspiegel (11) and the bore (14) on at least one infrared sensor (16) is guided, the flexible annular seal (17), the cooling air supply (18), the gap (19), the end stop (20 ), the K Cooling air channel (21n) and the annular gap (22), all the necessary control measures including the temperature control, the cooling air supply (18) and the filament feed (4) via the central control electronics (2) are controlled.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung für eine Laserheizung bzw. für eine Laserschweißvorrichtung nach der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Art.The invention relates to an arrangement for a laser heating or for a laser welding device according to the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
Im Stand der Technik sind Laserheizungen und Laserschweißvorrichtungen in den unterschiedlichsten Technologien und Ausführungsformen offenbart.The prior art discloses laser heaters and laser welders in a variety of technologies and embodiments.
Für das Rapid Prototyping wurden in der letzten Zeit sogenannte 3D-Drucker entwickelt, die einen Kunststoff oder auch Metalle in Draht- oder Pulverform zu Prototypmodellen bzw. 3D-Modellen aufschmelzen, wobei die Drahtform auch als Filament bezeichnet wird. Hierzu werden die Materialien einem Extrusionskopf zugeführt und verflüssigt, wobei möglichst dünne Schichten lagenförmig von unten nach oben über eine geheizte Düse durch thermisches Verschmelzen mit anschließendem verfestigendem Abkühlen aufgetragen werden.For the purpose of rapid prototyping, so-called 3D printers have recently been developed which melt a plastic or else metals in wire or powder form into prototype models or 3D models, whereby the wire form is also referred to as filament. For this purpose, the materials are fed to an extrusion head and liquefied, wherein as thin as possible layers are applied layer-shaped from bottom to top over a heated nozzle by thermal fusion followed by solidifying cooling.
Nachteilig bei diesem Verfahren ist die thermische Trägheit des Systems die dazu führen kann, dass die Düse verstopft oder auch das Filament in seinem Vorschub blockiert wird, so dass die Düse in beiden Fällen blockiert ist, was insbesondere auch bei großem Materialdurchsatz ein häufiges Problem darstellt.A disadvantage of this method is the thermal inertia of the system which can cause the nozzle clogged or the filament is blocked in its feed, so that the nozzle is blocked in both cases, which is a common problem especially with large material throughput.
Erfindungsgemäß wird daher vorgeschlagen, dass das Filament durch einen transparenten Düsenkörper aus Glas geleitet wird, wobei vor der eigentlichen Düse durch eine optische Umlenkeinheit ein Laser das Filament aufschmelzt und durch gleichzeitige Reflexion der Infrarotstrahlung aus diesem zentralen Bereich über einen Infrarotsensor die dort vorhandene Temperatur messtechnisch ausgewertet wird.According to the invention it is therefore proposed that the filament is passed through a transparent nozzle body made of glass, wherein in front of the actual nozzle by an optical deflection unit, a laser melts the filament and evaluated by simultaneous reflection of the infrared radiation from this central region via an infrared sensor, the temperature existing there metrologically becomes.
In folgendem wird die Erfindung anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels in Verbindung mit einer Zeichnung beschrieben.In the following the invention will be described with reference to a preferred embodiment in conjunction with a drawing.
Dabei zeigt:Showing:
Erfindungsgemäß wird der Laser (
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
- 11
- Laserheizunglaser heating
- 22
- zentrale Steuerelektronikcentral control electronics
- 33
- Laserlaser
- 44
- Filament VorschubFilament feed
- 55
- Filamentfilament
- 66
- Druckkopfprinthead
- 6'6 '
- Druckkopf BohrungPrint head bore
- 77
- Bohrungdrilling
- 88th
- Außengewindeexternal thread
- 99
- optisch transparenter Düsenkörperoptically transparent nozzle body
- 1010
- Innengewindeinner thread
- 1111
- UmlenkringspiegelUmlenkringspiegel
- 1212
- Düsejet
- 1313
- Senkungreduction
- 1414
- Bohrungdrilling
- 1515
- Infrarotstrahlunginfrared radiation
- 1616
- Infrarotsensorinfrared sensor
- 1717
- flexible Ringdichtungflexible ring seal
- 1818
- Kühlluft ZufuhrCooling air intake
- 1919
- Spaltgap
- 2020
- Endanschlagend stop
- 2121
- Kühlluft KanalCooling air duct
- 2222
- Ringspaltannular gap
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016006247.9A DE102016006247A1 (en) | 2016-05-20 | 2016-05-20 | "Arrangement for laser-induced melting of filaments for 3D printers" |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016006247.9A DE102016006247A1 (en) | 2016-05-20 | 2016-05-20 | "Arrangement for laser-induced melting of filaments for 3D printers" |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE102016006247A1 true DE102016006247A1 (en) | 2017-11-23 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016006247.9A Withdrawn DE102016006247A1 (en) | 2016-05-20 | 2016-05-20 | "Arrangement for laser-induced melting of filaments for 3D printers" |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE102016006247A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2021052814A1 (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2021-03-25 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Stock feeding device |
DE102019126633A1 (en) * | 2019-10-02 | 2021-04-08 | Dirk Philipp | Device for melting and extruding a filament for a melt layer application and printer for 3-D printing |
DE102020206541A1 (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2021-12-02 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | System for additive manufacturing of components |
EP4000867A1 (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2022-05-25 | Laser Engineering & Development Ltd. | Printer nozzle structure |
-
2016
- 2016-05-20 DE DE102016006247.9A patent/DE102016006247A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2021052814A1 (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2021-03-25 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Stock feeding device |
DE102019126633A1 (en) * | 2019-10-02 | 2021-04-08 | Dirk Philipp | Device for melting and extruding a filament for a melt layer application and printer for 3-D printing |
WO2021063455A1 (en) | 2019-10-02 | 2021-04-08 | Dirk Philipp | Device for melting and extruding a filament for melt layer application, and printer for 3d printing |
DE102020206541A1 (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2021-12-02 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | System for additive manufacturing of components |
EP4000867A1 (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2022-05-25 | Laser Engineering & Development Ltd. | Printer nozzle structure |
US11833820B2 (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2023-12-05 | Laser Engineering & Development Itd. | Printer nozzle structure |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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R086 | Non-binding declaration of licensing interest | ||
R079 | Amendment of ipc main class |
Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: B29C0067000000 Ipc: B29C0064106000 |
|
R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee |