DE102015220232A1 - Method for operating a drive train of a motor vehicle - Google Patents
Method for operating a drive train of a motor vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102015220232A1 DE102015220232A1 DE102015220232.1A DE102015220232A DE102015220232A1 DE 102015220232 A1 DE102015220232 A1 DE 102015220232A1 DE 102015220232 A DE102015220232 A DE 102015220232A DE 102015220232 A1 DE102015220232 A1 DE 102015220232A1
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- Prior art keywords
- gear
- planetary gear
- electric machine
- combustion engine
- internal combustion
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
- B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/48—Parallel type
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- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
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- B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
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- B60W10/115—Stepped gearings with planetary gears
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- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W20/15—Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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- B60K2006/4833—Step up or reduction gearing driving generator, e.g. to operate generator in most efficient speed range
- B60K2006/4841—Step up or reduction gearing driving generator, e.g. to operate generator in most efficient speed range the gear provides shifting between multiple ratios
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- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
Abstract
Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Antriebsstrangs eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einem einen Verbrennungsmotor (VM) und eine elektrische Maschine (EM) aufweisenden Hybridantrieb, mit einer Getriebeanordnung und einem Abtrieb. Der Verbrennungsmotor (VM) ist über mehrere Stirnradstufen (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z6) und mehrere Schaltelemente (A, B, C, D, K) der Getriebeanordnung an eine mindestens eine Ausgangswelle (GA1, GA2) der Getriebeanordnung koppelbar. Die Getriebeanordnung umfasst ferner ein Planetengetriebe (PG), wobei ein erstes Element (8, T) des Planetengetriebes (PG) fest an die Ausgangswelle oder eine der Ausgangswellen (GA2) der Getriebeanordnung gekoppelt ist, ein zweites Element (7, R) des Planetengetriebes (PG) fest an die elektrische Maschine (EM) des Hybridantriebs gekoppelt ist, und ein drittes Element (6, S) des Planetengetriebes abhängig von der Schaltstellung der Schaltelemente (A, B, C, D, K) der Getriebeanordnung an den Verbrennungsmotor (VM) des Hybridantriebs koppelbar ist. Das Planetengetriebe (PG) dient als Zweiganggetriebe für die elektrische Maschine (EM) des Hybridantriebs, bei welchem abhängig von weiteren Schaltelementen (L, M) der Getriebeanordnung zur Bereitstellung eines ersten Gangs für die elektrische Maschine (EM) eines der drei Elemente (7, R) des Planetengetriebes gehäuseseitig angebunden wird oder zur Bereitstellung eines zweiten Gangs für die elektrische Maschine (EM) zwei der drei Elemente (7, 6, R, S) des Planetengetriebes miteinander verbunden werden. Zur Ausführung eines Gangwechsels bei fahrendem Kraftfahrzeug von einem Ist-Gang in einen Ziel-Gang wird ein im Ist-Gang eingelegtes Schaltelement der Getriebeanordnung lastfrei ausgelegt, nachfolgend wird in einem elektrodynamischen Betriebsmodus über eines der Schaltelemente (K) der Getriebeanordnung gefahren und hierbei Drehzahlen von Verbrennungsmotor (VM) und elektrischer Maschine (EM) angepasst, und nachfolgend wird ein Ziel-Gang eingelegt, in welchem das Planetengetriebe (PG) im Kraftfluss des Verbrennungsmotors (VM) lastfrei ist.Method for operating a drive train of a motor vehicle with a hybrid drive having an internal combustion engine (VM) and an electric machine (EM), with a transmission arrangement and an output. The internal combustion engine (VM) can be coupled via a plurality of spur gear stages (Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z6) and a plurality of shift elements (A, B, C, D, K) of the gearbox arrangement to at least one output shaft (GA1, GA2) of the gearbox assembly. The transmission assembly further comprises a planetary gear (PG), wherein a first element (8, T) of the planetary gear (PG) is fixedly coupled to the output shaft or one of the output shafts (GA2) of the gear assembly, a second element (7, R) of the planetary gear (PG) is fixedly coupled to the electric machine (EM) of the hybrid drive, and a third element (6, S) of the planetary gear depending on the switching position of the switching elements (A, B, C, D, K) of the gear assembly to the internal combustion engine ( VM) of the hybrid drive can be coupled. The planetary gear (PG) serves as a two-speed gearbox for the electric machine (EM) of the hybrid drive, wherein depending on other switching elements (L, M) of the gear arrangement for providing a first gear for the electric machine (EM) one of the three elements (7, R) of the planetary gear is connected to the housing side or to provide a second gear for the electric machine (EM) two of the three elements (7, 6, R, S) of the planetary gear are connected to each other. To carry out a gear change when the motor vehicle is moving from an actual gear into a target gear, a shift element of the gear train engaged in the actual gear is designed to be load-free; subsequently the gear train is driven in an electrodynamic operating mode via one of the shift elements (K) and rotational speeds of Adjusted combustion engine (VM) and electrical machine (EM), and subsequently a target gear is engaged, in which the planetary gear (PG) in the power flow of the engine (VM) is load-free.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Antriebsstrangs eines als Hybridfahrzeug ausgebildeten Kraftfahrzeugs. The invention relates to a method for operating a drive train of a motor vehicle designed as a hybrid vehicle.
Aus der
Bei der Ausführung abtriebsgestützter Schaltungen wird die Zugkraft am Abtrieb immer von einer der beiden Antriebsmaschinen des Hybridantriebs, also entweder vom Verbrennungsmotor oder der elektrischen Maschine, aufrechterhalten. Eine dieser Antriebsmaschinen verfügt demnach bei Ausführung einer abtriebsgestützten Schaltung immer über eine feste Verbindung zum Abtrieb, bezogen auf die jeweils andere Antriebsmaschine kann eine lastfreie Schaltung ausgeführt werden. Dann, wenn bei Ausführung einer abtriebsgestützten Schaltung die elektrische Maschine die Schaltung stützt und demnach am Abtrieb ein Antriebsmoment bereitstellt, erfolgt eine Synchronisierung von Schaltelementen mit Hilfe des Verbrennungsmotors, wozu dann am Verbrennungsmotor ein vollständiger Lastabbau erfolgt. Nachfolgend muss der Verbrennungsmotor wieder kurzfristig und dynamisch Moment aufbauen, wodurch sich ein schlechtes Emissionsverhalten für den Antriebsstrang ergibt. In the embodiment of output-driven circuits, the tractive force at the output is always maintained by one of the two drive motors of the hybrid drive, that is, either by the internal combustion engine or the electric machine. Accordingly, one of these drive machines always has a fixed connection to the output upon execution of an output-driven circuit, and a load-free circuit can be executed relative to the respective other drive machine. Then, when performing an output-driven circuit, the electric machine supports the circuit and thus provides a drive torque at the output, there is a synchronization of switching elements by means of the internal combustion engine, what then takes place at the engine complete load reduction. Subsequently, the internal combustion engine has to build up short-term and dynamic torque again, resulting in a poor emission behavior for the drive train.
Die Ausführung solcher abtriebsgestützter Schaltungen ist demnach aus Emissionsgründen von Nachteil, sodass Bedarf daran besteht, Schaltungen mit geringeren Emissionen auszuführen. The execution of such output-driven circuits is therefore disadvantageous for emission reasons, so that there is a need to carry out circuits with lower emissions.
Hiervon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zu Grunde, ein neuartiges Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Antriebsstrangs eines Kraftfahrzeugs zu schaffen. On this basis, the invention is based on the object to provide a novel method for operating a drive train of a motor vehicle.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Antriebsstrangs eines Kraftfahrzeugs gemäß Patentanspruch 1 gelöst. This object is achieved by a method for operating a drive train of a motor vehicle according to
Erfindungsgemäß wird zur Ausführung eines Gangwechsels bei fahrendem Kraftfahrzeug von einem Ist-Gang in einen Ziel-Gang ein im Ist-Gang eingelegtes Schaltelement der Getriebeanordnung lastfrei ausgelegt, wobei nachfolgend wird in einem elektrodynamischen Betriebsmodus über eines der Schaltelemente der Getriebeanordnung gefahren und hierbei werden Drehzahlen von Verbrennungsmotor und elektrischer Maschine angepasst, und wobei nachfolgend wird ein Ziel-Gang eingelegt, in welchem das Planetengetriebe im Kraftfluss des Verbrennungsmotors lastfrei ist. According to the invention is designed to perform a gear change in moving motor vehicle from an actual gear to a target gear engaged in the actual gear shift element of the gear assembly load-free, being subsequently driven in an electrodynamic operating mode via one of the switching elements of the gear assembly and this speeds of Adjusted combustion engine and electric machine, and wherein subsequently a target gear is engaged, in which the planetary gear in the power flow of the internal combustion engine is load-free.
Die Erfindung schlägt ein neuartiges Verfahren zur Ausführung von Schaltungen für die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Antriebsstränge von Hybridfahrzeugen vor, und zwar im Gegensatz zu abtriebsgestützten Schaltungen Schaltungen, bei welchen beide Arbeitsmaschinen des Hybridantriebs, also sowohl die elektrische Maschine als auch insbesondere auch der Verbrennungsmotor, am Abtrieb ein Antriebsmoment bereitstellen. Bei Ausführung einer Schaltung wird demnach am Verbrennungsmotor kein vollständiger Lastabbau durchgeführt, wodurch sich das Emissionsverhalten verbessert. The invention proposes a novel method for the implementation of circuits for the known from the prior art drive trains of hybrid vehicles, in contrast to driven circuits circuits in which both working machines of the hybrid drive, so both the electric machine and in particular also the internal combustion engine , provide a drive torque at the output. When a circuit is executed, therefore, no complete load reduction is performed on the internal combustion engine, which improves the emission behavior.
Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird als Ziel-Gang derjenige Gang eingelegt wird, dessen zugeordnete Stirnradstufe über dasjenige Schaltelement der Getriebeanordnung, welches im elektrodynamischen Betriebsmodus geschlossen ist, mit dem dritten Element des Planetengetriebes verbunden ist. Eine derartige Schaltungsausführung ist besonders bevorzugt. According to a development of the invention, that gear is engaged as a target gear whose associated spur gear is connected via that one switching element of the gear assembly, which is closed in the electrodynamic operating mode, with the third element of the planetary gear. Such a circuit design is particularly preferred.
Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird zum Lastfreistellen des im Ist-Gang eingelegten und lastfrei auszulegenden Schaltelements von der elektrische Maschine am zweiten Element des Planetengetriebes so viel Moment abgestützt, dass ein Verhältnis der Drehmomente an dem zweiten Element des Planetengetriebes und dem dritten Element des Planetengetriebes der Standgetriebeübersetzung des Planetengetriebes entspricht. Hiermit kann das auszulegende Schaltelement besonders vorteilhaft lastfrei gestellt werden. According to a development of the invention is the load release of the inserted in the actual gear and load freely auszulegenden switching element supported by the electric machine on the second element of the planetary gear so much moment that a ratio of the torques on the second element of the planetary gear and the third element of the planetary gear Stand gear ratio of the planetary gear corresponds. Hereby, the switching element to be designed can be made particularly advantageous without load.
Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung werden in dem elektrodynamischen Betriebsmodus die Drehzahlen von Verbrennungsmotor und elektrischer Maschine durch eine Anpassung der von Verbrennungsmotor und elektrischer Maschine bereitgestellten Momente angepasst. Hiermit kann besonders vorteilhaft eine Synchronisierung für den einzulegenden Ziel-Gang erfolgen. According to a development of the invention, in the electrodynamic operating mode, the rotational speeds of the internal combustion engine and the electrical machine are adjusted by adjusting the torques provided by the internal combustion engine and the electrical machine. This can be done particularly advantageous synchronization for the target gear to be inserted.
Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden, ohne hierauf beschränkt zu sein, an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt: Preferred developments emerge from the subclaims and the following description. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawings. Showing:
Der Antriebsstrang
Die Eingangswelle GE des Schaltgetriebes
Getriebeintern ist die Eingangswelle GE des Schaltgetriebes
Die Stirnradstufen Z1, Z3 eines ersten und dritten Gangs G1, G3 des Schaltgetriebes
Das Überlagerungsgetriebe
Die elektrische Maschine EM ist achsparallel zu den Ausgangswellen GA1 und GA2 des Schaltgetriebes
Das Hohlrad R des Planetengetriebes PG ist über ein Schaltelement M drehfest mit der Hohlwelle
Neben der Funktion eines Überlagerungsgetriebes zur antriebstechnischen Kopplung des Verbrennungsmotors VM und der elektrischen Maschine EM mit der zweiten Ausgangswelle GA2 des Schaltgetriebes
Die Schaltelemente A bis D, L, M und K sind vorliegend als unsynchronisierte Klauenkupplungen ausgebildet, da diese jeweils mittels der elektrischen Maschine EM und/oder des Verbrennungsmotors VM synchronisiert werden können. The switching elements A to D, L, M and K are presently designed as unsynchronized jaw clutches, since these can be synchronized by means of the electric machine EM and / or the internal combustion engine VM.
Die Schaltelemente A und C sind erste Schaltelemente der Getriebeanordnung, über die der Verbrennungsmotor VM an die erste Ausgangswelle GA1 ankoppelbar ist. Die Schaltelemente D und B sind zweite Schaltelemente der Getriebeanordnung, über die der Verbrennungsmotor VM an die zweite Ausgangswelle GA2 ankoppelbar ist. Die Schaltelemente L und M sind weitere, dritte Schaltelemente der Getriebeanordnung, über welche zur Bereitstellung des ersten Gangs für die elektrische Maschine EM das Sonnenrad S des Planetengetriebes PG gehäuseseitig angebunden oder zur Bereitstellung des zweiten Gangs für die elektrische Maschine zwei der drei Elemente des Planetengetriebes PG, nämlich Sonnenrad S und Hohlrad R, miteinander verbunden werden. Das Schaltelement K dient der drehfesten Anbindung der Hohlwelle
In einem EDA-Betrieb des elektrodynamischen Fahrens, der vorwiegend zum verschleißfreien Anfahren oder Fahren genutzt werden kann, ist das Planetengetriebe PG als Überlagerungsgetriebe
Im Elektrofahrbetrieb (E-Fahren) ist das Planetengetriebe PG als zweistufiges Schaltgetriebe wirksam, und die Gangstufen E1, E2 sind über das Schaltelement L und das Schaltelement M schaltbar. Bei der vorliegenden Ausbildung und Anordnung des Überlagerungsgetriebes
Im Verbrennungsfahrbetrieb (V-Fahren) werden die entsprechenden Gänge G1 bis G4 über die Schaltelemente A bis D der Stirnradstufen Z1 bis Z4 des Schaltgetriebes
Im Hybridbetrieb (V+E-Fahren) wird die elektrische Maschine EM antriebstechnisch über eine geeignete Gangstufe E1, E2 des Planetengetriebes PG, also mit einem festem Übersetzungsverhältnis, an die zweite Ausgangswelle GA2 des Schaltgetriebes
Mit der Erfindung können insbesondere bei dem Antriebsstrang der
Zur Ausführung eines Gangwechsels bei fahrendem Kraftfahrzeug von dem Ist-Gang in den Ziel-Gang wird zunächst ein im Ist-Gang eingelegtes Schaltelement der Getriebeanordnung lastfrei ausgelegt. Anschließend wird im EDA-Betrieb elektrodynamisch gefahren und hierbei werden Drehzahlen von Verbrennungsmotor VM und elektrische Maschine EM angepasst, um nachfolgend einen Ziel-Gang einzulegen, nämlich ein entsprechendes Schaltelement der Getriebeanordnung für den Ziel-Gang, wobei im einzulegenden Ziel-Gang das Planetengetriebe PG im Kraftfluss des Verbrennungsmotors VM lastfrei ist. To carry out a gear change while the motor vehicle is moving from the actual gear into the target gear, a shift element of the gear train engaged in the actual gear is first designed to be load-free. Subsequently, electrodynamically driven in EDA operation and this speeds of engine VM and electric machine EM are adapted to subsequently insert a target gear, namely a corresponding switching element of the gear assembly for the target gear, wherein in the target gear to be engaged, the planetary gear PG is load-free in the power flow of the internal combustion engine VM.
Das Planetengetriebe PG ist dann im Kraftfluss des Verbrennungsmotors VM lastfrei, wenn der Kraftfluss des Verbrennungsmotors VM ausschließlich über eine der Stirnradstufen Z1, Z2, Z3 oder Z4 zu einer der Getriebeausgangswellen GA1 oder GA2 führt. The planetary gear PG is then load-free in the power flow of the internal combustion engine VM, if the power flow of the engine VM exclusively via one of the spur gear Z1, Z2, Z3 or Z4 leads to one of the transmission output shafts GA1 or GA2.
Weitere Details der Erfindung werden nachfolgend für ein konkretes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Gangwechsels vom Ist-Gang
Das Schaltelement K soll vorbereitend geschlossen sein, was zum Beispiel dann der Fall sein kann, wenn zum Beispiel vor dem V-Fahren im Gang G1 bei geschlossenem Schaltelement A zuvor im EDA-Modus angefahren wurde und das EDA-Anfahren beendet wurde, indem der erste Gang G1 durch Schließen des Schaltelements A eingelegt wurde. Alternativ ist es möglich, dass zuvor elektrisch bei geschlossenem Schaltelement L gefahren und der Verbrennungsmotor im Gang G1 zugestartet wurde. Während dann der Verbrennungsmotor VM Zugkraft aufrecht erhält, kann die elektrische Maschine EM lastfrei gemacht und das Schaltelement L ausgelegt werden, wobei das Schaltelement K mit einer Drehzahlregelung der elektrischen Maschine EM synchronisiert und dann eingelegt wird. The switching element K should be closed preparatory, which may be the case, for example, if, for example, before the V-driving in gear G1 was approached with the switching element A closed in EDA mode and the EDA approach was terminated by the first Gear G1 was inserted by closing the switching element A. Alternatively, it is possible that previously electrically driven with the switching element L closed and the internal combustion engine in gear G1 was started. Then, while the internal combustion engine VM maintains traction, the electric machine EM can be made load-free and the switching element L can be designed, wherein the switching element K is synchronized with a speed control of the electric machine EM and then inserted.
Um nun einen Gangwechsel beim V-Fahren vom Gang G1 mit geschlossenen Schaltelementen A und E durchzuführen, wird zunächst das im Ist-Gang geschlossene Schaltelement A, welches auszulegen ist, lastfrei gestellt. Hierzu stützt die elektrische Maschine EM am Hohlrad R des Planetengetriebes PG Moment ab, und zwar so viel, dass ein Verhältnis der Drehmomente an Hohlrad R und Sonnenrad S des Planetengetriebes PG dem Betrag einer Standgetriebeübersetzung des Planetengetriebes PG entspricht. Dabei wird am Verbrennungsmotor VM Drehmoment reduziert, sodass am Abtrieb, also an den Wellen
Während dieses elektrodynamischen Fahrens werden Drehzahlen von Verbrennungsmotor VM und elektrischer Maschine EM angepasst, vorzugsweise dadurch, dass für den Gangwechsel vom Ist-Gang
Dabei wird nun der Gang so eingelegt, dass im Ziel-Gang das Planetengetriebe PG im Kraftfluss des Verbrennungsmotors VM lastfrei ist. Hierzu wird dann das Schaltelement B geschlossen. Somit kann unmittelbar nach der Schaltung der Verbrennungsmotor VM Last übernehmen und die elektrische Maschine EM kann lastfrei in den Gang E1 wechseln. Da der Gang E1 der elektrischen Maschine EM für relativ niedrige Geschwindigkeiten geeignet ist, kann dann die elektrische Maschine EM in einem guten Betriebspunkt betrieben werden. In this case, the gear is now engaged so that in the target gear, the planetary gear PG is free of load in the power flow of the engine VM. For this purpose, the switching element B is closed. Thus, immediately after the shift, the engine VM load can take over and the electric machine EM can switch without load in the gear E1. Since the gear E1 of the electric machine EM is suitable for relatively low speeds, then the electric machine EM can be operated at a good operating point.
An Stelle im obigen Verfahren durch Schließen des Schaltelements B den Gang G2 einzulegen, ist es auch möglich, im EDA-Modus weiterzufahren und weiter zu beschleunigen und erst später den Gang G3 durch Schließen des Schaltelements C oder den Gang G4 durch Schließen des Schaltelements D einzulegen. In jedem Fall wird zum Beenden der erfindungsgemäßen Lastschaltung ein Gang eingelegt, in welchem im Kraftfluss des Verbrennungsmotors VM das Planetengetriebe PG lastfrei ist. Instead of engaging the gear G2 in the above method by closing the switching element B, it is also possible to continue in the EDA mode and to accelerate further and to insert the gear G3 by closing the switching element C or the gear G4 by closing the switching element D later , In any case, a gear is engaged to terminate the load circuit according to the invention, in which in the power flow of the internal combustion engine VM, the planetary gear PG is free of load.
Wie bereits ausführt, ist das Planetengetriebe PG dann im Kraftfluss des Verbrennungsmotors VM lastfrei, wenn der Kraftfluss des Verbrennungsmotors VM ausschließlich über eine der Stirnradstufen Z1, Z2, Z3 oder Z4 zu einer der Getriebeausgangswellen GA1, GA2 führt. As already stated, the planetary gear PG is then load-free in the power flow of the internal combustion engine VM if the power flow of the internal combustion engine VM leads exclusively via one of the spur gears Z1, Z2, Z3 or Z4 to one of the transmission output shafts GA1, GA2.
Mit der Erfindung können auch Rückschaltungen auf die obige Art und Weise durchgeführt werden, zum Beispiel eine Rückschaltung von Gang G3 in den Gang G2 oder auch eine Rückschaltung vom Gang G4 in den Gang G2. With the invention, downshifts can also be carried out in the above manner, for example a downshifting of gear G3 into gear G2 or also a downshifting from gear G4 into gear G2.
Obwohl die Erfindung bevorzugt beim Hybridfahrzeug-Antriebsstrang der
So zeigt
Die Eingangswelle GE des Schaltgetriebes
Da die Triebwelle
Gemäß
Mit der schaltbaren Koppelstirnradstufe ZM wird einerseits eine abtriebsfreie Triebverbindung zwischen dem Verbrennungsmotor VM und der elektrischen Maschine EM bereitgestellt, die bei Fahrzeugstillstand oder während des Fahrbetriebs bei neutral geschaltetem Schaltgetriebe
Durch die Triebverbindung über die Koppelstirnradstufe ZM können andererseits die über das Schaltelement L und des Schaltelement M schaltbaren Gangstufen E1, E2 für den Elektrofahrbetrieb auch für den Verbrennungsfahrbetrieb genutzt werden, wodurch zwei Stirnradstufen des Schaltgetriebes
Die Schaltelemente A bis D, L, M und K sind vorliegend als unsynchronisierte Klauenkupplungen ausgebildet, da diese jeweils mittels der elektrischen Maschine EM und/oder des Verbrennungsmotors VM synchronisiert werden können. The switching elements A to D, L, M and K are presently designed as unsynchronized jaw clutches, since these can be synchronized by means of the electric machine EM and / or the internal combustion engine VM.
Die Schaltelemente A und D sind erste Schaltelemente der Getriebeanordnung, über die der Verbrennungsmotor VM an die erste Ausgangswelle GA1 ankoppelbar ist. Die Schaltelemente B und K sind zweite Schaltelemente der Getriebeanordnung, über die der Verbrennungsmotor VM an die zweite Ausgangswelle GA2 ankoppelbar ist. Die Schaltelemente L und M sind weitere, dritte Schaltelemente der Getriebeanordnung, über welche zur Bereitstellung des ersten Gangs für die elektrische Maschine EM das Sonnenrad S des Planetengetriebes PG gehäuseseitig angebunden oder zur Bereitstellung des zweiten Gangs für die elektrische Maschine zwei der drei Elemente des Planetengetriebes PG, nämlich Sonnenrad S und Hohlrad R, miteinander verbunden werden. Das Schaltelement K dient ferner der drehfesten Anbindung der Hohlwelle
Im EDA-Betrieb, der vorwiegend zum verschleißfreien Anfahren genutzt wird, ist das Planetengetriebe PG als Überlagerungsgetriebe
Im Elektrofahrbetrieb (E-Fahren) ist das Planetengetriebe PG als zweistufiges Schaltgetriebe wirksam, und die beiden Gangstufen E1, E2 sind über das Schaltelement L und das Schaltelement M schaltbar. Bei der vorliegenden Ausbildung und Anordnung des Überlagerungsgetriebes
Im Verbrennungsfahrbetrieb (V-Fahren) werden die Gänge G1, G2, G4, G6 über die Schaltelemente A, B, D, F der zugeordneten Stirnradstufen Z1, Z2, Z4, Z6 des Schaltgetriebes
Im Hybridbetrieb (V+E-Fahren) kann die elektrischen Maschine EM im Prinzip über eine beliebige der beiden Gangstufen E1, E2 des Planetengetriebes PG, also mit einem festen Übersetzungsverhältnis, antriebstechnisch an die zweite Ausgangswelle GA2 des Schaltgetriebes
Bei dem oben beschriebenen Antriebsstrang
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
- 1 1
- Antriebsstrang powertrain
- 2 2
- Triebwelle drive shaft
- 3 3
- Rotor rotor
- 4 4
- Schaltgetriebe manual transmission
- 5 5
- Überlagerungsgetriebe Superposition gear
- 6 6
- Element element
- 7 7
- Element element
- 8 8th
- Element element
- 9 9
- Ende The End
- 10 10
- Hohlwelle hollow shaft
- 11 11
- Losrad Losrad
- 12 12
- Losrad Losrad
- 13 13
- Losrad Losrad
- 14 14
- Losrad Losrad
- 18 18
- Festrad fixed gear
- 19 19
- Festrad fixed gear
- 20 20
- Festrad fixed gear
- 21 21
- Achsdifferenzial axle differential
- 22 22
- Welle wave
- 23 23
- Welle wave
- 29 29
- Antriebsrad drive wheel
- 30 30
- Abtriebsrad output gear
- 31 31
- Hohlwelle hollow shaft
- A A
- Schaltelement switching element
- B B
- Schaltelement switching element
- C C
- Schaltelement switching element
- D D
- Schaltelement switching element
- EM EM
- elektrische Maschine electric machine
- G G
- Schaltelement switching element
- GA1 GA1
- Getriebeausgangswelle Transmission output shaft
- GA2 GA2
- Getriebeausgangswelle Transmission output shaft
- GE GE
- Getriebeeingangswelle Transmission input shaft
- K K
- Schaltelement switching element
- L L
- Schaltelement switching element
- M M
- Schaltelement switching element
- P P
- Planetenrad planet
- PG PG
- Planetengetriebe planetary gear
- R R
- Hohlrad ring gear
- S S
- Sonnenrad sun
- S1 S1
- Doppelschaltelement Contact set
- S2 S2
- Doppelschaltelement Contact set
- S3 S3
- Einzelschaltelement Single switching element
- S4 S4
- Doppelschaltelement Contact set
- S5 S5
- Doppelschaltelement Contact set
- T T
- Planetenträger planet carrier
- VM VM
- Verbrennungsmotor internal combustion engine
- Z1 Z1
- Stirnradstufe spur gear
- Z2 Z2
- Stirnradstufe spur gear
- Z3 Z3
- Stirnradstufe spur gear
- Z4 Z4
- Stirnradstufe spur gear
- Z6 Z6
- Stirnradstufe spur gear
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- DE 102013215114 A1 [0002, 0002] DE 102013215114 A1 [0002, 0002]
- DE 102013221461 A1 [0002, 0002] DE 102013221461 A1 [0002, 0002]
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102015220232.1A DE102015220232A1 (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2015-10-16 | Method for operating a drive train of a motor vehicle |
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Cited By (5)
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DE102018219606A1 (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2020-05-20 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Drive system for a motor vehicle |
DE102019217755A1 (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2021-05-20 | Magna Pt B.V. & Co. Kg | Hybrid drive device for a motor vehicle and method for operating a drive device |
CN112867621A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2021-05-28 | 采埃孚股份公司 | Transmission and drive system for a motor vehicle |
CN114466755A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2022-05-10 | 采埃孚股份公司 | Transmission and drive system for a motor vehicle |
DE102021200255A1 (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2022-07-14 | Magna Pt B.V. & Co. Kg | Hybrid transmission drive system |
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DE102006027709A1 (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2007-12-20 | Magna Powertrain Ag & Co Kg | Vehicle transmission unit has switching gear step, over which drive shaft of gear unit is operationally connected, by passing planetary gear, directly with output shaft |
DE102013215114A1 (en) | 2013-08-01 | 2015-02-05 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Hybrid drive of a motor vehicle |
DE102013221461A1 (en) | 2013-10-23 | 2015-04-23 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Hybrid drive of a motor vehicle |
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DE102006027709A1 (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2007-12-20 | Magna Powertrain Ag & Co Kg | Vehicle transmission unit has switching gear step, over which drive shaft of gear unit is operationally connected, by passing planetary gear, directly with output shaft |
DE102013215114A1 (en) | 2013-08-01 | 2015-02-05 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Hybrid drive of a motor vehicle |
DE102013221461A1 (en) | 2013-10-23 | 2015-04-23 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Hybrid drive of a motor vehicle |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112867621A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2021-05-28 | 采埃孚股份公司 | Transmission and drive system for a motor vehicle |
CN112867621B (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2024-05-24 | 采埃孚股份公司 | Transmission and drive system for a motor vehicle |
DE102018219606A1 (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2020-05-20 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Drive system for a motor vehicle |
DE102018219606B4 (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2021-04-08 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Drive system for a motor vehicle |
DE102019217755A1 (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2021-05-20 | Magna Pt B.V. & Co. Kg | Hybrid drive device for a motor vehicle and method for operating a drive device |
WO2021099146A1 (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2021-05-27 | Magna Pt B.V. & Co. Kg | Hybrid drive device for a motor vehicle and method for operating a drive unit |
DE102019217755B4 (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2021-06-17 | Magna Pt B.V. & Co. Kg | Hybrid drive device for a motor vehicle and method for operating a drive device |
CN114466755A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2022-05-10 | 采埃孚股份公司 | Transmission and drive system for a motor vehicle |
DE102021200255A1 (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2022-07-14 | Magna Pt B.V. & Co. Kg | Hybrid transmission drive system |
WO2022152602A1 (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2022-07-21 | Magna Pt B.V. & Co. Kg | Hybrid transmission drive system |
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