DE102014215289A1 - Energy supply system for a motor vehicle with electric or hybrid drive - Google Patents
Energy supply system for a motor vehicle with electric or hybrid drive Download PDFInfo
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- DE102014215289A1 DE102014215289A1 DE102014215289.5A DE102014215289A DE102014215289A1 DE 102014215289 A1 DE102014215289 A1 DE 102014215289A1 DE 102014215289 A DE102014215289 A DE 102014215289A DE 102014215289 A1 DE102014215289 A1 DE 102014215289A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
- B60L2210/12—Buck converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
- B60L2210/14—Boost converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/13—Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Energieversorgungssystem (10) für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit Elektro- oder Hybridantrieb, mit – einem Niederspannungs-Versorgungsnetz (12), – einer Hochvolt-Energiespeichereinrichtung (20), insbesondere Hochvolt-Batterieeinrichtung, die ihrerseits einen mehrere Speicherzellen (22) aufweisenden Hochvolt-Energiespeicher (24) und mindestens eine Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung (26) für diesen Energiespeicher (24) aufweist und – einem von dem Hochvolt-Energiespeicher (24) mit elektrischer Energie gespeisten Hochspannungs-Versorgungsnetz (14) zur Versorgung einer elektrischen Antriebsmaschine (16) des Elektro- oder Hybridantriebs, wobei zwischen den elektrischen Potentialen der beiden Versorgungsnetze (12, 14) eine von der Spannung des Hochvolt-Energiespeichers (24) abhängige Potentialdifferenz liegt. Es ist mindestens ein zwischen die beiden Versorgungsnetze (12, 14) zwischengeschaltetes Überspannungsableiter-Bauelement (34) und/oder Varistor-Bauelement und/oder sonstiges elektrisches Bauelement vorgesehen, welches bis zu einer definierten Spannungsgrenze einer zwischen den Versorgungsnetzen (12, 14) anliegenden Spannung nicht leitend ist und beim Überschreiten dieser Spannungsgrenze temporär leitfähig wird. Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin eine Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung (26) für eine Hochvolt-Energiespeichereinrichtung (20) eines Energieversorgungssystems (10).The invention relates to an energy supply system (10) for a motor vehicle with electric or hybrid drive, comprising - a low-voltage supply network (12), - a high-voltage energy storage device (20), in particular high-voltage battery device, which in turn has a plurality of memory cells (22) High-voltage energy storage (24) and at least one control and / or regulating device (26) for this energy storage (24) and - one of the high-voltage energy storage (24) supplied with electrical energy high-voltage power supply (14) for supplying an electrical Drive machine (16) of the electric or hybrid drive, wherein between the electrical potentials of the two supply networks (12, 14) one of the voltage of the high-voltage energy storage device (24) dependent potential difference. At least one surge arrester component (34) and / or varistor component and / or other electrical component interposed between the two supply networks (12, 14) is provided which up to a defined voltage limit of one between the supply networks (12, 14) Voltage is not conductive and becomes temporarily conductive when this voltage limit is exceeded. The invention further relates to a control and / or regulating device (26) for a high-voltage energy storage device (20) of an energy supply system (10).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Energieversorgungssystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit Elektro- oder Hybridantrieb, wobei das Energieversorgungssystem (i) ein Niederspannungs-Versorgungsnetz aufweist, (ii) eine Hochvolt-Energiespeichereinrichtung, insbesondere Hochvolt-Batterieeinrichtung, aufweist, die ihrerseits einen mehrere Speicherzellen aufweisenden Hochvolt-Energiespeicher und mindestens eine Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung für diesen Energiespeicher aufweist und (iii) ein von dem Hochvolt-Energiespeicher mit elektrischer Energie gespeisten Hochspannungs-Versorgungsnetz zur Versorgung einer elektrischen Antriebsmaschine des Elektro- oder Hybridantriebs aufweist, wobei die zwischen den elektrischen Potentialen der beiden Versorgungsnetze liegende Potentialdifferenz von der Spannung des Hochvolt-Energiespeichers bestimmt wird. Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin eine entsprechende Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung für eine Hochvolt-Energiespeichereinrichtung eines Energieversorgungssystems.The invention relates to a power supply system for a motor vehicle with electric or hybrid drive, wherein the energy supply system (i) has a low-voltage power supply, (ii) a high-voltage energy storage device, in particular high-voltage battery device, which in turn has a plurality of memory cells having high-voltage energy storage and at least one control and / or regulating device for this energy store and (iii) has a high-voltage power supply supplied by the high-voltage energy storage with electrical energy for supplying an electric drive machine of the electric or hybrid drive, wherein the between the electrical potentials of the two Supply networks lying potential difference of the voltage of the high-voltage energy storage is determined. The invention further relates to a corresponding control and / or regulating device for a high-voltage energy storage device of an energy supply system.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Eine solches Energiesystem mit zwei Versorgungsnetzen, bei denen die zwischen den elektrischen Potentialen zweier Versorgungsnetze liegende Potentialdifferenz von der Spannung eines als Hochvolt-Batterie ausgebildeten Hochvolt-Energiespeichers bestimmt wird ist für Kraftfahrzeug mit Elektro- oder Hybridantrieb bekannt. Das Niederspannungs-Versorgungsnetz ist das übliche Bordnetz des Kraftfahrzeugs und hat beispielsweise eine Betriebsspannung von 12 Volt. Das von dem Hochvolt-Energiespeicher gespeiste Hochspannungs-Versorgungsnetz zur Versorgung der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine des Elektrooder Hybridantriebs liefert üblicherweise eine Spannung von deutlich mehr als 100 Volt Gleichspannung. Mit Hochspannungs-Versorgungsnetz ist ein vom Fahrzeugpotenzial in mindestens einem Fahrzustand isoliertes Netz gemeint, welches eine Mindestspannungsfestigkeit zum Niederspannungsnetz des Fahrzeuges hat.Such an energy system with two supply networks, in which the potential difference between the electrical potentials of two supply networks is determined by the voltage of a high-voltage battery designed as a high-voltage battery is known for motor vehicles with electric or hybrid drive. The low-voltage supply network is the usual electrical system of the motor vehicle and has, for example, an operating voltage of 12 volts. The powered by the high-voltage energy storage high-voltage power supply to supply the electric drive machine of the electric or hybrid drive usually provides a voltage of well above 100 volts DC. By high-voltage power supply network is meant a isolated from the vehicle potential in at least one driving state network, which has a minimum voltage resistance to the low voltage network of the vehicle.
Bei Hochvolt-Batteriespeichern für Kraftfahrzeuge werden die Batteriezellen meist in Reihe geschaltet, um eine hohe Spannung und so bei hohen Leistungen geringe Ströme liefern zu müssen. Es entstehen so Systemspannungen von bis zu 450V in aktuellen Hochvolt-Energiespeichern. Aus Sicherheitsgründen ist das Hochspannungs-Versorgungsnetz im Fahrzeug galvanisch vom Niederspannungs-Versorgungsnetz, also dem Bord- oder Fahrzeugnetz bzw. der Fahrzeugmasse entkoppelt. Ein derartiger Aufbau wird in der Elektrotechnik als IT-Netz bezeichnet. Das Hochspannungs-Versorgungsnetz ist somit ein in sich geschlossener Stromkreis. Es hat (bei offenen Schützen) keinen definierten Potenzialunterschied zur Fahrzeugmasse (= Batteriegehäuse). Üblicherweise werden die lsolationsabstände auf Überspannungen von mehreren kV, beispielsweise 2,7kV, ausgelegt und getestet. Das heisst aber auch, dass ab einem Potenzialunterschied von mehr als 2700V ein Überschlag auftreten kann. Es ist hierbei nicht definiert, wo der Überschlag stattfindet und unter Umständen können Batteriekomponenten beschädigt werden.In high-voltage battery storage for motor vehicles, the battery cells are usually connected in series in order to provide a high voltage and thus low currents at high powers. This results in system voltages of up to 450V in current high-voltage energy storage systems. For safety reasons, the high-voltage supply system in the vehicle is galvanically decoupled from the low-voltage supply network, ie the on-board or vehicle network or vehicle mass. Such a structure is referred to in electrical engineering as an IT network. The high voltage power supply is thus a self-contained circuit. It has (with open contactors) no defined potential difference to the vehicle mass (= battery case). Usually, the insulation distances are designed and tested for overvoltages of several kV, for example 2.7 kV. But that also means that from a potential difference of more than 2700V, a rollover can occur. It is not defined where the flashover occurs, and battery components may be damaged.
Die als BCU (Battery control unit, Batterie-Steuergerät) ausgebildete Steuerund/oder Regeleinrichtung hat üblicherweise auf ihrer Leiterplatte (Platine) einen Teil auf dem elektrischen Potential des Hochspannungs-Versorgungsnetzes und einen Teil auf dem elektrischen Potential des Niederspannungs-Versorgungsnetzes. Dazwischen gibt es einen lsolationsgraben, um die Notwendigen lsolationsstrecken einzuhalten. Eine Signalübertragung bei gleichzeitiger Potenzialtrennung über den Graben erfolgt meist über Optokoppler oder Relais.The control and / or regulating device embodied as BCU (Battery Control Unit) usually has on its printed circuit board (board) a part at the electrical potential of the high-voltage supply network and a part at the electrical potential of the low-voltage supply network. In between there is an isolation ditch to keep the necessary isolation distances. Signal transmission with simultaneous electrical isolation across the trench is usually via optocouplers or relays.
Die Leiterplatte ist meist die Schwachstelle für Überschläge zwischen den Versorgungsnetzen weil die Spannungsfestigkeit der Komponenten (z. B. des Relais) beziehungsweise die lsolationsstrecken auf der Elektronik aus Verfügbarkeits-, Bauraum- und Kostengründen begrenzt ist. Wenn ein Überschlag auftritt, können Komponenten beschädigt werden und für einen Ausfall der Isolation zwischen den Hoch- und Niederspannungsteilen sorgen. Somit ist die Hochspannungssicherheit der Batterie nicht mehr gewährleistet.The circuit board is usually the weak point for flashovers between the supply networks because the dielectric strength of the components (eg of the relay) or the insulation paths on the electronics for availability, space and cost reasons is limited. If a flashover occurs, components can be damaged and cause a breakdown in the insulation between the high and low voltage parts. Thus, the high voltage safety of the battery is no longer guaranteed.
Die erfindungsgemäße Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung mit den in Anspruch 1 genannten Merkmalen bietet den Vorteil, dass in der Steuer- und/oder verschaltete Bauteile besser vor transienten Überspannungen geschützt sind. The control and / or regulating device according to the invention with the features mentioned in claim 1 offers the advantage that in the control and / or interconnected components are better protected against transient overvoltages.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen ein Energieversorgungssystem ist vorgesehen, dass dieses mindestens ein zwischen die beiden Versorgungsnetze zwischengeschaltetes Überspannungsableiter-Bauelement und/oder Varistor-Bauelement und/oder sonstiges elektrisches Bauelement aufweist, welches bis zu einer definierten Spannungsgrenze einer anliegenden Spannung, z.B. 2,7kV, nicht leitend ist und beim Überschreiten dieser Spannungsgrenze temporär leitfähig wird. Das Varistor-Bauelement ist dabei ein Varistor-Bauelement, das beim Nichtleiten hochohmig isoliert.In the case of an energy supply system according to the invention, provision is made for this to have at least one surge arrester component and / or varistor component and / or other electrical component connected between the two supply networks, which voltage is applied up to a defined voltage limit of an applied voltage, e.g. 2.7kV, is non-conductive and becomes temporarily conductive when this voltage limit is exceeded. The varistor component is a varistor component, which isolates high impedance when not conducting.
Diese erfindungsgemäße Maßnahme erlaubt es, die geforderten Spannungsfestigkeiten einzuhalten und beim Überschreiten der Grenzen für einen sicheren Potenzialausgleich zwischen den Hoch- und Niederspannungspotentialen zu sorgen, ohne dass Komponenten beschädigt werden.This measure according to the invention makes it possible to comply with the required voltage strengths and, when the limits are exceeded, to ensure a secure equipotential bonding between the high and low-voltage potentials without damaging components.
Mit Vorteil sind die beiden Versorgungsnetze dabei –die Überbrückung durch das Varistor-Bauelement einmal ausgenommen- voneinander galvanisch getrennt angeordnet. Advantageously, the two supply networks are arranged-the bypass by the varistor component once except- galvanically separated from each other.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung weist die Steuerund/oder Regeleinrichtung eine Schaltungsanordnung auf, die ihrerseits einen ersten Schaltungsteil aufweist, der im Niederspannungs-Versorgungsnetz verschaltet ist, und einen zweiten Schaltungsteil aufweist, der im Hochspannungs-Versorgungsnetz verschaltetet ist, wobei die Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung weiterhin auch das mindestens eine zwischen die beiden Schaltungsteilen zwischengeschaltete Überspannungsableiter- und/oder Varistor- und/oder sonstige elektrische Bauelement aufweist. aufweist. Durch diese Maßnahme werden die Bauteile/Komponenten der Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung besonders effektiv geschützt.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the control and / or regulating device has a circuit arrangement, which in turn has a first circuit part which is connected in the low-voltage supply network, and has a second circuit part, which is interconnected in the high-voltage supply network, wherein the control and / or control device furthermore also has the at least one between the two circuit parts intermediate surge and / or varistor and / or other electrical component. having. By this measure, the components / components of the control and / or regulating device are particularly effectively protected.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die beiden Schaltungsteile auf einer gemeinsamen Leiterplatte angeordnet oder zumindest Bauteile beider Schaltungsteile auf dieser Leiterplatte verschaltet, wobei auch das mindestens eine Überspannungsableiter- und/oder Varistor- und/oder sonstige elektrische Bauelement auf dieser Leiterplatte verschaltet ist. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the two circuit parts are arranged on a common circuit board or at least components of both circuit parts connected on this circuit board, wherein the at least one surge arrester and / or varistor and / or other electrical component is connected on this circuit board.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Überspannungsableiter-Bauelement als gasgefüllter Überspannungsableiter ausgebildet.In a preferred embodiment, the surge arrester component is designed as a gas-filled surge arrester.
Gemäß noch einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung eingerichtet ist, bezüglich der Hochvolt-Energiespeichereinrichtung zumindest eine der folgenden Funktionen zu übernehmen:
- – Ladekontrolle,
- – Lastmanagement,
- – Bestimmung des Ladezustandes der Speicherzellen,
- – Bestimmung des Gesundheitszustandes der Speicherzellen,
- – Ausbalancieren der Speicherzellen,
- – Thermomanagement,
- – Authentifizierung und Identifizierung und
- – Kommunikation der Energiespeichereinrichtung.
- - charge control,
- - load management,
- Determination of the state of charge of the memory cells,
- Determination of the health of the memory cells,
- - balancing the memory cells,
- - thermal management,
- - Authentication and identification and
- - Communication of the energy storage device.
Weiterhin ist mit Vorteil vorgesehen, dass das Hochspannungs-Versorgungsnetz einen Inverter (Wechselrichter) aufweist, über die im Hochspannungs-Versorgungsnetz verschaltete elektrische Antriebsmaschine mit elektrischer Energie versorgt wird.Furthermore, it is advantageously provided that the high-voltage supply network has an inverter (inverter), is supplied via the switched in the high-voltage power supply electric drive machine with electrical energy.
Schließlich ist mit Vorteil vorgesehen, dass der Hochvolt-Energiespeicher aus mehreren miteinander elektrisch verschalteten Energiespeichermodulen modular aufgebaut ist, wobei die Energiespeichermodule ihrerseits jeweils mehrere miteinander elektrisch verschaltete Speicherzellen aufweisen.Finally, it is provided with advantage that the high-voltage energy storage device of a plurality of electrically interconnected energy storage modules is modular, wherein the energy storage modules in turn each have a plurality of electrically interconnected memory cells.
Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin eine Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung für eine Hochvolt-Energiespeichereinrichtung eines Energieversorgungssystems, wobei die Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung einen ersten Schaltungsteil aufweist, der in einem Niederspannungs-Versorgungsnetz des Energieversorgungssystems verschaltbar ist und einen zweiten Schaltungsteil aufweist, der im Hochspannungs-Versorgungsnetz des Energieversorgungssystems verschaltbar ist. Es ist vorgesehen, dass die eine Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung weiterhin mindestens ein zwischen den beiden Schaltungsteilen zwischengeschaltetes Überspannungsableiter-Bauelement und/oder Varistor-Bauelement und/oder ein sonstiges elektrisches Bauelement, welches bis zu einer definierten Spannungsgrenze einer zwischen den Versorgungsnetzen anliegenden Spannung nicht leitend ist und beim Überschreiten dieser Spannungsgrenze temporär leitfähig wird.The invention further relates to a control and / or regulating device for a high-voltage energy storage device of a power supply system, wherein the control and / or regulating device comprises a first circuit part which is connectable in a low-voltage power supply system of the power supply system and has a second circuit part in the High-voltage power supply system of the power supply system is interconnected. It is envisaged that the one control and / or regulating device further comprises at least one between the two circuit parts interposed surge arrester component and / or varistor component and / or other electrical component, which up to a defined voltage limit of a voltage applied between the supply networks voltage is not conductive and becomes temporarily conductive when this voltage limit is exceeded.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist das Energieversorgungssystem als vorstehend beschriebenes Energieversorgungssystem ausgebildet.According to an advantageous development of the invention, the energy supply system is designed as an energy supply system described above.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand von Abbildungen näher erläutert. Es zeigenThe invention is explained in more detail below with reference to figures. Show it
Die
Die Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung
Die Steuer- und/oder Regeleinrichtung
Es ergibt sich folgende Funktion:
Die gezeigte Maßnahme erlaubt es, die geforderten Spannungsfestigkeiten des Energieversorgungssystems
The measure shown allows the required voltage strengths of the
Bei angeschlossenem Energiespeicher
Im ungünstigsten Fall können Überspannungen über 2,7kV auftreten, so dass der Potentialunterschied zwischen Hochspannungs-Versorgungsnetz (kurz HV-System)
Es werden bei dem Vorgang keine Bauteile beschädigt, es entsteht kein Sicherheitsrisiko durch die kurzzeitige Leitfähigkeit zwischen HV und LV-System. Das Energieversorgungssystem
Erfindungsgemäß können mehrere elektrische Bauelemente
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte Nicht-PatentliteraturCited non-patent literature
- Norm DIN EN 60664-1 [0025] Standard DIN EN 60664-1 [0025]
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (3)
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DE102014215289.5A DE102014215289A1 (en) | 2014-08-04 | 2014-08-04 | Energy supply system for a motor vehicle with electric or hybrid drive |
CN201580041519.7A CN106660458B (en) | 2014-08-04 | 2015-07-30 | For the energy supply system with electric driver or the motor vehicle of hybrid drive device |
PCT/EP2015/067462 WO2016020251A1 (en) | 2014-08-04 | 2015-07-30 | Energy supply system for a motor vehicle with an electric or hybrid drive |
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DE102014215289.5A DE102014215289A1 (en) | 2014-08-04 | 2014-08-04 | Energy supply system for a motor vehicle with electric or hybrid drive |
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DE102014215289A1 true DE102014215289A1 (en) | 2016-02-04 |
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DE (1) | DE102014215289A1 (en) |
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CN110650859A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2020-01-03 | 宝马股份公司 | Energy supply device for a motor vehicle |
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DE102019124213A1 (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-11 | Audi Ag | Galvanically connected AC charger with monitoring and diagnostic system |
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Norm DIN EN 60664-1 Isolationskoordination für elektrische Betriebsmittel in Niederspannungsanlagen – Teil 1: Grundsätze, Anforderungen und Prüfungen. Entspricht VDE 0110-1. |
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CN110650859B (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2023-10-20 | 宝马股份公司 | Energy supply device for a motor vehicle |
Also Published As
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CN106660458A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
WO2016020251A1 (en) | 2016-02-11 |
CN106660458B (en) | 2019-07-26 |
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