DE102013220421A1 - Pressurized gas tank of a motor vehicle with a pressure relief device for the stored gas - Google Patents
Pressurized gas tank of a motor vehicle with a pressure relief device for the stored gas Download PDFInfo
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- DE102013220421A1 DE102013220421A1 DE201310220421 DE102013220421A DE102013220421A1 DE 102013220421 A1 DE102013220421 A1 DE 102013220421A1 DE 201310220421 DE201310220421 DE 201310220421 DE 102013220421 A DE102013220421 A DE 102013220421A DE 102013220421 A1 DE102013220421 A1 DE 102013220421A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/058—Size portable (<30 l)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
- F17C2203/0629—Two walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/068—Special properties of materials for vessel walls
- F17C2203/0682—Special properties of materials for vessel walls with liquid or gas layer
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
- F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/043—Pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/07—Actions triggered by measured parameters
- F17C2250/072—Action when predefined value is reached
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
- F17C2260/042—Reducing risk of explosion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0184—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Druckgastank eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einer Druckentlastungseinrichtung für das gespeicherte Gas und einer die dem Gasdruck standhaltenden Tankwand einhüllenden Überwachungshülle, die im Zwischenraum zwischen der Überwachungshülle und der besagten Tankwand einen Druck hält, der sich nennenswert vom Umgebungsdruck unterscheidet, sowie mit einer Überwachungseinrichtung, die bei signifikanter Änderung des Drucks im besagten Zwischenraum die Druckentlastungseinrichtung auslöst. Vorzugsweise ist die Überwachungseinrichtung durch ein mechanisch vom Druck im besagten Zwischenraum gesteuertes Ventil gebildet, welches eine Verbindung zwischen dem Speicherraum des Druckgastanks und der Umgebung herstellen kann.The invention relates to a pressurized gas tank of a motor vehicle with a pressure relief device for the stored gas and a monitoring the gas pressure holding tank wall envelope enclosing the pressure in the space between the containment shell and the said tank wall, which differs appreciably from the ambient pressure, and with a monitoring device, which triggers the pressure relief device in the event of a significant change in the pressure in said intermediate space. Preferably, the monitoring device is formed by a mechanically controlled by the pressure in said gap valve, which can establish a connection between the storage space of the compressed gas tank and the environment.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Druckgastank eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einer Druckentlastungseinrichtung für das gespeicherte Gas, bei welchem es sich beispielsweise um Erdgas oder Wasserstoff handeln kann. Beispielsweise Wasserstoff, der für die Verbrennung bspw. in einer Brennstoffzelle, in welcher elektrische Energie für einen elektrischen Antriebsmotor des Fahrzeugs erzeugt wird, vorgesehen ist, wird in einem Fahrzeug-Druckgastank unter Druckwerten bis zu mehreren Hundert Bar gegenüber Umgebungsdruck gespeichert. Um Druckgastanks von Kraftfahrzeugen im Brandfall vor Bersten, insbesondere verursacht durch eine strukturelle Schwächung der Tankwand bei Brand des Fahrzeugs, zu schützen, ist gesetzlich das Vorsehen einer oder mehrerer Druckentlastungsvorrichtungen vorgeschrieben. Solche Druckentlastungsvorrichtungen erfassen üblicherweise lokal am Verbauort brandbedingte und somit signifikante Temperaturanstiege, bspw. durch ein Bersten von flüssigkeitsgefüllten Glasröhrchen oder in Form von Schmelzlotsicherungen, und ermöglichen daraufhin ein Entweichen bzw. Ablassen zumindest einer Teilmenge des im Druckgastank gespeicherten Gases in die Umgebung. Bekannt sind ferner schlauchähnliche Detektoren, die unter Verwendung einer Formgedächtnislegierung arbeiten. Diese bekannten Druckentlastungseinrichtung werden auch als TPRD = „Thermal Pressure Relief Device” bezeichnet.The invention relates to a compressed gas tank of a motor vehicle with a pressure relief device for the stored gas, which may be, for example, natural gas or hydrogen. For example, hydrogen provided for combustion in, for example, a fuel cell in which electric power is generated for an electric drive motor of the vehicle is stored in a vehicle pressurized gas tank at pressures up to several hundred bar from ambient pressure. In order to protect pressurized gas tanks of motor vehicles in the event of fire from bursting, in particular caused by a structural weakening of the tank wall in case of fire of the vehicle, the provision of one or more pressure relief devices is required by law. Such pressure relief devices usually detect locally at the installation site fire-related and thus significant temperature increases, for example. By bursting of liquid-filled glass tube or in the form of melt solder fuses, and then allow escape or discharge of at least a portion of the gas stored in the compressed gas tank in the environment. Also known are hose-like detectors that operate using a shape memory alloy. These known pressure relief device are also referred to as TPRD = "Thermal Pressure Relief Device".
Es ist erwünscht, soweit als möglich die gesamte Oberfläche eines Druckgastanks hinsichtlich übermäßigem Wärmeeinfall zu überwachen, was für einen örtlich eng begrenzten Wärmeeintrag mit den bekannten thermischen Druckentlastungsvorrichtungen („TPRD”) nur eingeschränkt möglich ist.It is desirable to monitor, as far as possible, the entire surface of a pressurized gas tank for excessive heat input, which is limited for a locally limited heat input with the known thermal pressure relief devices ("TPRD").
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, einen Druckgastank eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einer Druckentlastungseinrichtung aufzuzeigen, die praktisch die gesamte Oberfläche des Tanks hinsichtlich unzulässig hohen Wärmeeinfalls überwacht.The object of the invention is therefore to show a compressed gas tank of a motor vehicle with a pressure relief device, which monitors virtually the entire surface of the tank with regard to unacceptably high heat input.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht in einem Druckgastank eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einer Druckentlastungseinrichtung für das gespeicherte Gas und einer die eigentlich äußere und dabei üblicherweise dem Gasdruck standhaltenden Tankwand einhüllenden Überwachungshülle, die im Zwischenraum zwischen der Überwachungshülle und der besagten Tankwand einen Druck hält, der sich nennenswert vom Umgebungsdruck unterscheidet, sowie mit einer Überwachungseinrichtung, die bei signifikanter Änderung des Drucks im besagten Zwischenraum die Druckentlastungseinrichtung auslöst, d. h. zumindest eine Teilmenge des im Druckgastank gespeicherten Gases aus dem Druckgastank entweichen lässt.The solution to this problem consists in a compressed gas tank of a motor vehicle with a pressure relief device for the stored gas and the outer and thereby usually the gas pressure-resistant tank wall enveloping surveillance shell that holds a pressure in the space between the monitoring shell and the said tank wall, which is worth mentioning Environmental pressure differs, as well as with a monitoring device which triggers the pressure relief device in significant change in the pressure in said space, d. H. at least a portion of the gas stored in the compressed gas tank can escape from the compressed gas tank.
In anderen Worten mögliche Ausführungsformen der Erfindung beschreibend wird vorgeschlagen, einen ansonsten üblichen Druckgastank mit einer zweite Hülle zu umgeben, welche sog. Überwachungshülle entweder nahezu evakuiert ist oder mit einem Gas, vorzugsweise einem Inertgas (wie bspw. Stickstoff, Argon, etc.) unter leichtem bzw. nennenswertem Überdruck gegenüber Umgebungsdruck befüllt ist. Führt dann bspw. ein Brand zu einer auch nur lokalen Schädigung dieser Überwachungshülle, d. h. wird diese Hülle durch lokale Erhitzung zumindest geringfügig undicht, so wird sich innerhalb dieser Überwachungshülle auch der Umgebungsdruck einstellen. Dabei erfolgt entweder ein Druckanstieg von „Nahezu-Vakuum” auf Umgebungsdruck oder ein Druckabfall von leichtem bzw. nennenswerten Überdruck auf Umgebungsdruck, welche Druckänderung sich im Sinne einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung bspw. durch mechanische Sensoren einfach detektieren und solchermaßen nutzen lässt, dass dadurch ein Ventil freigegeben wird, welches den Tankinhalt ausströmen lässt. Mit den gleichen Mitteln ist aber auch eine andere Arbeitsweise der erfindungsgemäßen Überwachungseinrichtung möglich, wonach ein signifikanter Druckanstieg in der Überwachungshülle, welcher Folge eines unzulässig hohen Wärmeeinfalls auf das innerhalb der Überwachungshülle bereits unter einem gewissen Überdruck stehende Luft- oder Gas-Volumen ist, ein Auslösen der Druckentlastungseinrichtung bewirkt, so dass zumindest eine Teilmenge des im Druckgastank gespeicherten Gases aus dem Druckgastank entweichen kann.Describing possible embodiments of the invention descriptive it is proposed to surround an otherwise conventional compressed gas tank with a second shell, which so-called. Monitoring shell either almost evacuated or with a gas, preferably an inert gas (such as, nitrogen, argon, etc.) below light or significant overpressure compared to ambient pressure is filled. If, for example, a fire leads to even only local damage to this surveillance envelope, d. H. If this casing is at least slightly leaky due to local heating, the ambient pressure will also be adjusted within this monitoring casing. In this case, either an increase in pressure from "near-vacuum" to ambient pressure or a pressure drop from light or significant overpressure to ambient pressure takes place, which pressure change in the sense of an advantageous development of the invention, for example. By mechanical sensors easily detect and use so that thereby a Valve is released, which can flow out of the tank contents. With the same means but also another mode of operation of the monitoring device according to the invention is possible, after which a significant increase in pressure in the monitoring envelope, which is the result of an inadmissibly high heat input to the standing within the monitoring envelope already under a certain pressure air or gas volume, triggering causes the pressure relief device, so that at least a portion of the gas stored in the compressed gas tank can escape from the compressed gas tank.
Vorhergehend wurde bereits als vorteilhafte Weiterbildung angegeben, dass ein sog. mechanischer Sensor die aus einer unzulässig intensiven thermischen Einwirkung resultierende Druckänderung im Zwischenraum zwischen der Tankwand und der Überwachungshülle detektiert und als Folge hierfür ein Ventil zur Entlastung des Speichervolumens des Druckgastanks öffnet, was insofern von besonderem Vorteil ist, als hierfür keine (weitere) Hilfsenergie benötigt wird. Alternativ kann jedoch eine elektrisch/elektronische Überwachungseinrichtung vorgesehen sein, die eine signifikante Änderung des Drucks innerhalb der Überwachungshülle mittels einer geeigneten Sensorik detektiert und daraufhin ein Ventil oder dgl. öffnet, welches Gas aus dem Druckgastank entweichen lässt. Es sei jedoch ausdrücklich erwähnt, dass auch mittels eines sog. „mechanischen Sensors” eine signifikante Druckänderung innerhalb der Überwachungshülle erkannt werden kann, indem die Überwachungseinrichtung durch ein mechanisch vom Druck im besagten Zwischenraum gesteuertes Ventil gebildet ist, welches eine Verbindung zwischen dem Speicherraum des Druckgastanks und der Umgebung herstellen kann, wobei ein Druckanstieg innerhalb der Hülle nicht unbedingt aus einer Beschädigung derselben resultieren muss.Previously, it was already indicated as an advantageous development that a so-called. Mechanical sensor detects the resulting from an inadmissibly intense thermal effect pressure change in the space between the tank wall and the monitoring envelope and as a result this opens a valve to relieve the storage volume of the pressurized gas tank, which is so far of particular Advantage is, as this no (additional) auxiliary energy is needed. Alternatively, however, an electrical / electronic monitoring device can be provided, which detects a significant change in the pressure within the monitoring envelope by means of suitable sensors and then opens a valve or the like, which allows gas to escape from the compressed gas tank. It should, however, be expressly mentioned that a significant change in pressure within the monitoring envelope can also be detected by means of a so-called "mechanical sensor" in that the monitoring device is formed by a valve mechanically controlled by the pressure in the said gap, which connects the storage space of the compressed gas tank and the environment, wherein an increase in pressure within the envelope need not necessarily result from damage thereto.
Besonders kurzfristig und somit schnell reagieren kann eine erfindungsgemäße Überwachungseinrichtung jedoch dann, wenn die zu detektierende Druckänderung aus einer Schädigung der Überwachungshülle resultiert. In diesem Sinne kann die Hülle aus einem jedenfalls hier sog. „wärmesensitiven” Material bestehen, welches bei intensiverer Wärmeeinwirkung reißt oder schmilzt bzw. allgemein eine solche Beschädigung der Überwachungshülle im Sinne einer Undichtigkeit derselben veranlasst bzw. fördert, dass ein Druckausgleich zwischen dem vor der Beschädigung innerhalb der Überwachungshülle (im genannten Zwischenraum) herrschendem Druck und dem Umgebungsdruck erfolgt. Es sollte jedoch die Überwachungshülle andere mechanische Einwirkungen, bspw. in Folge eines Unfalls des Fahrzeugs, unbeschadet überstehen und somit in einem ausreichend flexiblen Material ausgeführt sein.However, a monitoring device according to the invention can react particularly quickly and thus quickly when the pressure change to be detected results from damage to the monitoring envelope. In this sense, the shell of any case here so-called. "Heat-sensitive" material which ruptures or melts at intense heat or generally causes such damage to the monitoring shell in terms of a leak of the same or promotes that a pressure equalization between the before Damage occurs within the monitoring envelope (in said space) prevailing pressure and the ambient pressure. However, it should the protective cover other mechanical effects, for example. In consequence of an accident of the vehicle survive unscathed and thus be executed in a sufficiently flexible material.
Der Vollständigkeit halber sei noch erwähnt, dass die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung eines Druckgastanks auch bei einem sog. Kryodrucktank zur Anwendung kommen kann, in welchem das zu speichernde Gas in tiefkaltem Zustand in einem Innentank unter höherem Druck gespeichert wird, der unter Bildung einer Vakuumisolationsschicht innerhalb eines Außentanks vorgesehen ist. Bei einem solchen Kryodrucktank umhüllt die erfindungsgemäße Überwachungshülle idealerweise den letztgenannten Außentank, dessen Wand dann die dem Gasdruck standhaltende Tankwand gemäß Patentanspruch 1 ist.For completeness, it should be mentioned that the inventive design of a compressed gas tank can also be used in a so-called. Kryodrucktank used in which the gas to be stored is stored in the deep-frozen state in an inner tank under higher pressure, forming a vacuum insulation layer within an outer tank is provided. In such a Kryodrucktank the monitoring enclosure according to the invention ideally envelops the latter outer tank, the wall of which is then the gas pressure-resistant tank wall according to
Die beigefügte Prinzipskizze zeigt auf das Wesentliche abstrahiert ein Ausführungsbeispiel der vorliegenden Erfindung, wobei mit der Bezugsziffer
Der Druckgastank
Beim Druckentlastungsventil
Selbstverständlich gibt die Prinzipskizze nicht die tatsächlichen Größenverhältnisse wieder, d. h. der Zwischenraum Z ist in der Realität erheblich enger als vorliegend dargestellt und falls im Zwischenraum Z im üblichen, nicht die Druckentlastungseinrichtung
Claims (4)
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DE201310220421 DE102013220421A1 (en) | 2013-10-10 | 2013-10-10 | Pressurized gas tank of a motor vehicle with a pressure relief device for the stored gas |
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