DE102013215253A1 - Fiber composite for combination with metallic workpieces - Google Patents

Fiber composite for combination with metallic workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102013215253A1
DE102013215253A1 DE102013215253.1A DE102013215253A DE102013215253A1 DE 102013215253 A1 DE102013215253 A1 DE 102013215253A1 DE 102013215253 A DE102013215253 A DE 102013215253A DE 102013215253 A1 DE102013215253 A1 DE 102013215253A1
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fibers
fiber composite
material according
matrix material
composite material
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DE102013215253.1A
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German (de)
Inventor
Walter Fischer
Christian Seidel
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication of DE102013215253A1 publication Critical patent/DE102013215253A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
    • C08J5/245—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using natural fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
    • C08J5/241—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
    • C08J5/241—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres
    • C08J5/243—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres using carbon fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
    • C08J5/241—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres
    • C08J5/244—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres using glass fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
    • C08J5/246—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using polymer based synthetic fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
    • C08J5/247—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using fibres of at least two types

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Faserverbundwerkstoff und insbesondere einen, der für die Anwendung in Kombination mit Metall geeignet ist. Demnach wird als Matrixmaterial ein Harz eingesetzt, dass eine hohe Elastizität in einem weiten Temperaturbereich aufweist.The invention relates to a fiber composite material and more particularly to one suitable for use in combination with metal. Accordingly, the matrix material used is a resin which has high elasticity over a wide temperature range.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Faserverbundwerkstoff und insbesondere einen, der für die Anwendung in Kombination mit Metall geeignet ist. The invention relates to a fiber composite material and more particularly to one suitable for use in combination with metal.

Beispielsweise in der Automobil-, Flugzeug-, Eisenbahnindustrie sind Faserverbundwerkstoffe wegen ihrer Eignung zur Leichtbauweise besonders gefragt. Oftmals kommen dieser Faserverbundwerkstoffe dort in direktem Kontakt mit Metall zum Einsatz. Insbesondere bei thermischen Belastungen kann diese Kombination oft zur Rissbildung in den Faserverbundwerkstoffen führen, weil die Ausdehnungskoeffizienten der Kunststoffe und des Metalls zu verschieden sind. For example, in the automotive, aircraft, railway industry fiber composites are particularly in demand because of their suitability for lightweight construction. Often these fiber composites are used there in direct contact with metal. Especially with thermal loads, this combination can often lead to cracking in the fiber composites, because the expansion coefficients of the plastics and the metal are too different.

Nachteilig an den bisher bekannten Faserverbundwerkstoffen ist, dass die Matrixmaterialien zwar grundsätzlich eine hohe Haftung zur Faser und eine hohe Temperatur- und Medienbeständigkeit zeigen, aber unterschiedliche Dehnungsverhalten wenig oder gar nicht abfangen können. A disadvantage of the previously known fiber composite materials is that the matrix materials, although in principle show high adhesion to the fiber and high temperature and media resistance, but can absorb little or no different expansion behavior.

Es gibt Versuche, eine gewisse Elastizität in Faserverbundkunststoffen zu realisieren, in dem schichtweise elastische Lagen in den Faserverbundkunststoff eingebaut werden. Nachteilig daran ist, dass die Herstellungskosten dieser Laminate durch die Komplexität des Schichtaufbaus steigen. There are attempts to realize a certain elasticity in fiber reinforced plastics, in which layers elastic layers are incorporated into the fiber composite plastic. The disadvantage of this is that the manufacturing costs of these laminates increase due to the complexity of the layer structure.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, einen Faserverbundkunststoff anzugeben, der durch direkte Infiltrierung der Faserschichten herstellbar ist und trotzdem eine Elastizität hat, die Rissbildung durch unterschiedliche thermische Ausdehnungskoeffizienten bei der Anwendung der Faserverbundwerkstoffe in Kombination mit einem Metall vermeidet. Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a fiber composite plastic, which can be produced by direct infiltration of the fiber layers and still has an elasticity that avoids cracking by different thermal expansion coefficients in the application of the fiber composites in combination with a metal.

Lösung der Aufgabe und Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Faserverbundkunststoff, insbesondere ein Kohlenstofffaser verstärkter Kunststoff, ein Gelege aus Verstärkungsfasern und ein Matrixmaterial umfassend, wobei das Matrixmaterial eine hohe Temperatur-, Chemikalien-, und Medienbeständigkeit einerseits und eine hohe Kälteflexibilität und eine hohe akustische Dämpfung andererseits zeigt. Solution to the problem and object of the invention is a fiber composite plastic, in particular a carbon fiber reinforced plastic comprising a scrim of reinforcing fibers and a matrix material, wherein the matrix material high temperature, chemical, and media resistance on the one hand and a high low-temperature flexibility and high acoustic attenuation shows.

Das Matrixmaterial kann 1 oder 2-komponentig sein, bevorzugt ist es 2-komponentig. The matrix material may be 1 or 2-component, preferably it is 2-component.

Im Fokus stehen Matrixmaterialien mit hoher Elastizität, die sich in bevorzugter Ausführung durch eine Härte nach Shore A kleiner 50 auszeichnen. The focus is on matrix materials with high elasticity, which in a preferred embodiment are characterized by a Shore A hardness of less than 50.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist der Faserverbundkunststoff durch eine einfache Imprägnierung des Verstärkungsfasergeleges, wie beispielsweise die Flüssig-Infiltration, Prepreg, Resin Transfer Moulding oder ähnliche, an sich bekannte Verfahren, herstellbar. According to an advantageous embodiment of the fiber composite plastic by a simple impregnation of the reinforcing fiber fabric, such as liquid infiltration, prepreg, resin transfer molding or similar methods known per se, can be produced.

Zur Ausbildung des Fasergeleges eignen sich beispielsweise Verstärkungsfasern wie Glasfasern, Kohlenstofffasern, Basaltfasern und/oder Polymerfasern wie Aramidfasern, Polypropylenfasern, Polyethylenterephthalatfasern, sowie beliebige Mischfasern daraus oder Naturfasern wie Flacksfasern, Jute, Cellulose, Sisal. Reinforcing fibers such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, basalt fibers and / or polymer fibers such as aramid fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyethylene terephthalate fibers and any mixed fibers thereof or natural fibers such as flax fibers, jute, cellulose, sisal are suitable for the formation of the fiber fabric.

Die Materialien für die flexible Matrix werden wie üblich hergestellt und verarbeitet. Demnach umfasst ein Matrixmaterial beispielsweise neben dem eigentlichen Polymer je nach Ausführungsform auch noch Additive, Zusatzstoffe, Füllstoffe, Lösungsmittel etc. Insbesondere können noch Benetzungsmittel und/oder Dispergiermittel vorgesehen sein. The materials for the flexible matrix are prepared and processed as usual. Accordingly, a matrix material, for example, in addition to the actual polymer depending on the embodiment also additives, additives, fillers, solvents, etc. In particular, wetting agents and / or dispersants may be provided.

Beispiele für die Matrix sind polymere Kunststoffe aller Art. Beispiele dafür sind Duroplaste, Harze auf Basis von Epoxid-, Polyurethan-, Acrylat. Es eignen sich außerdem ungesättigte Polyester(UP)-Harze, Vinylester(VE)-Harze, Duromere, Duroplaste, und/oder weitere Kunstharze soweit sie die Anforderungen an die Shore Härte A kleiner 50 erfüllen. Examples of the matrix are polymeric plastics of all kinds. Examples of these are thermosets, resins based on epoxy, polyurethane, acrylate. Also suitable are unsaturated polyester (UP) resins, vinyl ester (VE) resins, thermosets, thermosets, and / or other synthetic resins as far as they meet the requirements for the Shore A hardness of less than 50.

Nach einer anderen Ausführungsform ist der Faserverbundkunststoff durch lagenweisen Aufbau aus vor-imprägnierten und dünnen Lagen, die sich beispielsweise von der Elastizität unterscheiden, herstellbar. According to another embodiment of the fiber composite plastic is produced by layered structure of pre-impregnated and thin layers, which differ for example from the elasticity.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform hat das Matrixmaterial eine Epoxidharzbasis. Weitere Matrixsysteme basieren auf Butadienkautschuk, Flur- und Chlorkautschuk sowie Silikonen und Elastomeren auf Basis von Polyurethan. Insbesondere 2-komponentige Epoxidharze, die tieftemperaturflexible Gießharze sind, werden hier bevorzugt eingesetzt. According to an advantageous embodiment, the matrix material has an epoxy resin base. Other matrix systems are based on butadiene rubber, fluorinated rubber and chlorinated rubber as well as silicones and elastomers based on polyurethane. In particular, 2-component epoxy resins, which are low-temperature flexible casting resins, are preferably used here.

Ein handelsübliches Produkt, das sich hier bewährt hat ist die flexible Vergussmasse auf Basis saurer Estermodifizierung von anhydridisch gehärteten Epoxidharz, z. B. „Epoxonic 251“. A commercial product that has proven itself here is the flexible potting compound based on acid ester modification of anhydride-cured epoxy resin, eg. B. "Epoxonic 251".

Durch den hier erstmals beschriebenen Einsatz eines tieftemperaturflexiblen Gießharzes in der Faserverbundtechnologie können gegenüber dem Stand der Technik folgende Vorteile erzielt werden:
Der Faserverbundwerkstoff eignet sich zum Einsatz in einem weiten Temperaturbereich von beispielsweise –40°C bis 180°C. Durch den hier beschriebenen Aufbau des Faserverbundwerkstoffes kann ein FVK geschaffen werden, der in einem Temperaturbereich von –40°C bis 180°C technisch nutzbare mechanische Eigenschaften zeigt, ohne zu verspröden. The use of a low-temperature-flexible casting resin in fiber composite technology described here for the first time can achieve the following advantages over the prior art:
The fiber composite material is suitable for use in a wide temperature range of, for example, -40 ° C to 180 ° C. As a result of the structure of the fiber composite material described here, an FRP can be created which exhibits technically usable mechanical properties in a temperature range from -40 ° C. to 180 ° C. without becoming embrittled.

Der hier beschriebene Faserverbundwerkstoff kann zur Verbindung von Werkstücken mit unterschiedlichen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten eingesetzt werden, da die Elastizität des Matrixmaterials einen Ausgleich zwischen unterschiedlichen thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten ermöglicht. The fiber composite material described here can be used for the connection of workpieces with different coefficients of expansion, since the elasticity of the matrix material allows a balance between different thermal expansion coefficients.

Außerdem werden folgende Vorteile erzielt:
Zuverlässigere Krafteinleitung durch Spannungsabbau, speziell bei Metall-CFK Hybriden infolge reduzierter mechanischer Grenzflächenspannungen. In addition, the following advantages are achieved:
More reliable force transmission through stress relief, especially for metal CFRP hybrids due to reduced mechanical interfacial tensions.

Die so hergestellten Faserverbundwerkstoffe zeigen eine hohe intrinsische Akustische Dämpfung, ein verbessertes Crash-Impact-Verhalten und schließlich eine hohe Temperaturbeständigkeit zusammen mit Tieftemperaturflexibilität. The fiber composites produced in this way exhibit high intrinsic acoustic damping, improved crash impact behavior and finally high temperature resistance together with low-temperature flexibility.

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Faserverbundwerkstoff und insbesondere einen, der für die Anwendung in Kombination mit Metall geeignet ist. Demnach wird als Matrixmaterial ein Harz eingesetzt, dass eine hohe Elastizität in einem weiten Temperaturbereich aufweist. The invention relates to a fiber composite material and more particularly to one suitable for use in combination with metal. Accordingly, the matrix material used is a resin which has high elasticity over a wide temperature range.

Claims (7)

Faserverbundkunststoff, insbesondere ein Kohlenstofffaser verstärkter Kunststoff, ein Gelege aus Verstärkungsfasern in einem Matrixmaterial eingebettet umfassend, wobei das Matrixmaterial so gewählt ist, dass es eine hohe Kälteflexibilität mit einer hohen akustischen Dämpfung hat.  Fiber composite plastic, in particular a carbon fiber reinforced plastic comprising a scrim of reinforcing fibers embedded in a matrix material, wherein the matrix material is chosen so that it has a high cold flexibility with a high acoustic attenuation. Faserverbundkunststoff nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Verstärkungsfasern zumindest zum Teil ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe folgender Fasern: Glasfasern, Kohlenstofffasern, Basaltfasern und/oder Polymerfasern, wie Aramidfasern, Polypropylenfasern, Polyethylenterephthalatfasern, oder Naturfasern wie Flacksfasern, Jute, Cellulose, Sisal sowie beliebige Mischfasern daraus.  The composite fiber material according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing fibers are at least partially selected from the group of fibers: glass fibers, carbon fibers, basalt fibers and / or polymer fibers such as aramid fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyethylene terephthalate fibers, or natural fibers such as flax fibers, jute, cellulose, sisal and any mixed fibers thereof , Faserverbundwerkstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, bei dem das Matrixmaterial noch zusätzliche Additive, Zusatzstoffe, Füllstoffe, Lösungsmittel, Dispergiermittel und/oder Benetzungsmittel umfasst.  Fiber composite material according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the matrix material further comprises additional additives, additives, fillers, solvents, dispersants and / or wetting agents. Faserverbundwerkstoff nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das Matrixmaterial eine Basis aus Butadienkautschuk, Flur- und/oder Chlorkautschuk sowie Silikon und/oder Elastomere auf Basis von Polyurethan hat.  Fiber composite material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the matrix material has a base of butadiene rubber, fluorinated and / or chlorinated rubber and silicone and / or elastomers based on polyurethane. Faserverbundwerkstoff nach Anspruch 4, wobei die Matrix auf einer flexiblen Vergussmasse auf Basis saurer Estermodifizierung von anhydridisch gehärtetem Epoxidharz basiert.  Fiber composite material according to claim 4, wherein the matrix is based on a flexible potting compound based on acid ester modification of anhydride-cured epoxy resin. Faserverbundwerkstoff nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das Matrixmaterial mittels Flüssig-Infiltration verarbeitbar ist.  Fiber composite material according to one of the preceding claims, in which the matrix material can be processed by means of liquid infiltration. Faserverbundwerkstoff nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, der in einem Temperaturbereich von –40°C bis 180°C technisch nutzbare mechanische Eigenschaften zeigt ohne zu verspröden.  Fiber composite material according to one of the preceding claims, which shows technically usable mechanical properties in a temperature range from -40 ° C to 180 ° C without embrittling.
DE102013215253.1A 2013-08-02 2013-08-02 Fiber composite for combination with metallic workpieces Withdrawn DE102013215253A1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015209540A1 (en) * 2015-05-22 2016-11-24 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Cross member for a motor vehicle
CN112151206A (en) * 2020-09-25 2020-12-29 国网河南省电力公司周口供电公司 Carbon fiber composite core wire and preparation method thereof

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4021328A1 (en) * 1990-07-04 1992-01-09 Bayer Ag Anhydride-hardened epoxy] resins having high strength and toughness - comprises bisphenol di:glycidyl ether(s), di:carboxylic anhydride and opt. accelerator
DE60110180T2 (en) * 2000-10-19 2006-03-09 Polymatech Co. Ltd. Thermally conductive polymer film

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4021328A1 (en) * 1990-07-04 1992-01-09 Bayer Ag Anhydride-hardened epoxy] resins having high strength and toughness - comprises bisphenol di:glycidyl ether(s), di:carboxylic anhydride and opt. accelerator
DE60110180T2 (en) * 2000-10-19 2006-03-09 Polymatech Co. Ltd. Thermally conductive polymer film

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015209540A1 (en) * 2015-05-22 2016-11-24 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Cross member for a motor vehicle
CN112151206A (en) * 2020-09-25 2020-12-29 国网河南省电力公司周口供电公司 Carbon fiber composite core wire and preparation method thereof
CN112151206B (en) * 2020-09-25 2022-07-01 国网河南省电力公司周口供电公司 Carbon fiber composite core wire and preparation method thereof

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